Horttechnology最新文献_第8页

Biobased Sprayable Mulch Films Suppressed Annual Weeds in Vegetable Crops 生物基可喷地膜对蔬菜作物年杂草的抑制作用

IF 1 4区农林科学

Horttechnology Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.21273/horttech05112-22

Eliott Gloeb, Sibel Irmak, L. Isom, J. Lindquist, S. Wortman

{"title":"Biobased Sprayable Mulch Films Suppressed Annual Weeds in Vegetable Crops","authors":"Eliott Gloeb, Sibel Irmak, L. Isom, J. Lindquist, S. Wortman","doi":"10.21273/horttech05112-22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21273/horttech05112-22","url":null,"abstract":"Biobased sprayable mulch (BSM) films are a potential alternative to herbicides, polyethylene plastic mulch film, and hand weeding for specialty crops. We developed a series of BSM films using locally available biomaterials [including corn (Zea mays) starch, glycerol, keratin hydrolysate, corn gluten meal, corn zein, eggshells, and isolated soy (Glycine max) protein] and tested their effects on weeds and crop yield during a total of seven greenhouse or field trials between 2017 and 2019 in Nebraska, USA. Application rates of BSM films applied in pots (greenhouse), planting holes in plastic film (field), or bed tops (field) ranged from 0.9 to 18.2 L⋅m−2; they were applied before and after the emergence of weeds. Weed control efficacy was variable, and results of greenhouse pots were rarely replicated under field conditions. Increasing the viscosity of the final suspension tested [BSM7; a mix of corn starch (72.8 g⋅L−1), glycerol (184.7 mL⋅L−1), keratin hydrolysate (733.3 mL⋅L−1), corn zein (19.8 g⋅L−1), and isolated soy protein (19.8 g⋅L−1)] reduced weed biomass by more than 96% in field-grown kale (Brassica oleracea var. sabellica) when applied to bare soil bed tops before or after weed emergence, but kale yield in treated plots was not different from the weedy control. The results demonstrated the potential for postemergence applications of BSM films, which increase application timing flexibility for growers. Further research is needed to explore the effects of BSM films on soil properties and crop physiology and yield.","PeriodicalId":13144,"journal":{"name":"Horttechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47053229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comparison of Row Cover Systems for Pest Management in Organic Muskmelon in Iowa 爱荷华州有机甜瓜病虫害防治行覆盖系统的比较

IF 1 4区农林科学

Horttechnology Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.21273/horttech05096-22

Hayley Nelson, José F. González-Acuña, A. Nair, Nieyan Cheng, Kephas Mphande, Sharon Badilla-Arias, Wendong Zhang, M. Gleason

引用次数: 0

Evapotranspiration Rates of Three Sweet Corn Cultivars under Different Irrigation Levels 不同灌溉水平下3个甜玉米品种的蒸散速率

IF 1 4区农林科学

Horttechnology Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.21273/horttech05114-22

H. Bayabil, Fitsum T. Teshome, Sandra M. Guzmán, B. Schaffer

{"title":"Evapotranspiration Rates of Three Sweet Corn Cultivars under Different Irrigation Levels","authors":"H. Bayabil, Fitsum T. Teshome, Sandra M. Guzmán, B. Schaffer","doi":"10.21273/horttech05114-22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21273/horttech05114-22","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding plants’ response to different irrigation levels is essential for developing effective irrigation scheduling practices that conserve water without affecting plant growth and yield. The objective of this study was to evaluate the responses of three sweet corn (Zea mays var. saccharata) cultivars 1170, 8021, and Battalion under three irrigation levels (50%, 75%, and 100%). Irrigation treatments were based on soil moisture management allowable depletion. Replicated trials were conducted, in an open field using 1-gal containers, at the Tropical Research and Education Center, Homestead, FL. A drip system with microsprinklers was used for irrigation. Daily crop evapotranspiration (ETc) rates were measured using a digital scale based on differences in weights of soil containers and plants. Reference evapotranspiration (ETo) was calculated using the FAO-Penman-Monteith equation. Crop-coefficient (Kc) values for the three cultivars were calculated from measured ETc and calculated ETo. In addition, leaf area, stomatal conductance, and fresh biomass were measured. Total irrigation amounts corresponding to the 50%, 75%, and 100% treatments were 116, 162, and 216 mm, and total ETc values were 128, 157, and 170 mm, respectively. The two deficit irrigation treatments (50% and 75%) resulted in a reduction of ETc for the three cultivars compared with the 100% irrigation treatments. Results also showed that under 75% and 100% treatments, Kc values were usually greater than 1 for the three cultivars and reached as high as 1.5. Additionally, leaf area and fresh biomass weight in the 50% treatment were mostly lower than in the 75% or 100% treatments.","PeriodicalId":13144,"journal":{"name":"Horttechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48866611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Height Control of Greenhouse-grown Pansy Using Colored Shade Nets 用彩色遮荫网控制温室紫檀的高度

IF 1 4区农林科学

Horttechnology Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.21273/horttech05105-22

Phoebe Austerman, B. Dunn, Harpreet Singh, C. Fontanier, Stephen Stanphill

{"title":"Height Control of Greenhouse-grown Pansy Using Colored Shade Nets","authors":"Phoebe Austerman, B. Dunn, Harpreet Singh, C. Fontanier, Stephen Stanphill","doi":"10.21273/horttech05105-22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21273/horttech05105-22","url":null,"abstract":"Pansy (Viola ×wittrockiana) is a greenhouse crop commonly grown under black shade net; it often requires the use of chemical plant growth regulators to maintain a compact growth habit. Nonchemical efforts to alter plant morphology, such as height, would provide a more sustainable solution than chemical application. The objective of these studies was to evaluate the effects of different colors of shade nets on controlling growth and flowering of pansy. In Expt. 1, ‘Clear Yellow’, ‘Buttered Popcorn’, and ‘Deep Orange’ pansy plugs were placed under 30% blue or black shade net or, as a control group, where grown with no shade net. In Expt. 2, the same three cultivars of pansy were grown under 50% black, red, pearl, or aluminized shade net. Data were collected on plant height, plant width, flower number, plant survival, soil plant analysis development chlorophyll meter (SPAD) readings, and light quality. In Expt. 1, the blue shade net reduced height to flower and height to leaves, but also decreased flower number and plant survival as compared with black shade net. All plants under no shade died. In Expt. 2, SPAD, an indicator of plant quality by estimating leaf greenness, was found to be lower under black shade net, whereas pearl shade net led to a decrease in plant height and no effect on the number of flowers. Light quality, including red-to-far-red ratio, varied among shade treatments, whereas light intensity was reduced under aluminized, black (50%), and red shade nets compared with other shade treatments. Blue and pearl shade nets both reduced plant height, but blue shade net also reduced plant survival and flowering.","PeriodicalId":13144,"journal":{"name":"Horttechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46771062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Thank You HortTechnology Peer Reviewers 2022 感谢hottechnology同行评审2022

IF 1 4区农林科学

Horttechnology Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.21273/horttech331reviewers

引用次数: 0

Cost and Profitability Analysis of Producing Specialty Coffee in El Salvador and Honduras 在萨尔瓦多和洪都拉斯生产精品咖啡的成本和盈利分析

IF 1 4区农林科学

Horttechnology Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.21273/horttech05028-22

Carlos E. Carpio, Luis A Sandoval, Mario Muñoz

{"title":"Cost and Profitability Analysis of Producing Specialty Coffee in El Salvador and Honduras","authors":"Carlos E. Carpio, Luis A Sandoval, Mario Muñoz","doi":"10.21273/horttech05028-22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21273/horttech05028-22","url":null,"abstract":"In Honduras and El Salvador, coffee (Coffea arabica) is one of the leading agricultural exports, and the share of specialty coffee is growing each year. However, despite the importance of specialty coffee production and exports, there is a knowledge gap regarding its cost structure and profitability, particularly those associated with labor costs. The specific objectives of the study were to determine the cost structure of specialty coffee in Honduras and El Salvador and to estimate the costs and profitability of producing specialty coffee in these countries. A semi-structured survey instrument was administered to 14 farmers in Honduras and El Salvador selected as a convenience sample to represent different farm sizes, regions, and specialty-conventional and organic production systems. Specialty-conventional refers to high-quality coffee with or without certifications. Then,cost-profitability models were developed using an economic cost approach, which considered cash, noncash cost, and the opportunity costs of inputs. The results showed that although both countries are neighbors and economically and culturally similar, the cost structure of producing specialty coffee differed significantly. Costs were lower and profits were higher in Honduras than in El Salvador, and the specialty-conventional coffee production system was more profitable than the organic production system.","PeriodicalId":13144,"journal":{"name":"Horttechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44406441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Establishment of Tall Fescue Seeded after Postemergence Broadleaf Herbicide Application 拔节后阔叶除草剂对高羊茅种子的影响

IF 1 4区农林科学

Horttechnology Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.21273/horttech05125-22

D. Mcfadden, J. Fry, S. Keeley

{"title":"Establishment of Tall Fescue Seeded after Postemergence Broadleaf Herbicide Application","authors":"D. Mcfadden, J. Fry, S. Keeley","doi":"10.21273/horttech05125-22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21273/horttech05125-22","url":null,"abstract":"Successful weed control before seeding is necessary for proper turfgrass establishment. However, herbicide labels differ in the time required between application and seeding. The objective of this research was to determine the influence of four postemergence broadleaf combination herbicides on tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea) cover, normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), and canopy height when seeded 0, 3, 7, and 14 days after herbicide application. Herbicide treatments included the following: 1) a nontreated control; 2) 0.03 lb/acre carfentrazone-ethyl + 0.09 lb/acre methylchlorophenoxypropionic acid (MCPP) + 1.44 lb/acre 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) + 0.30 lb/acre dicamba; 3) 0.20 lb/acre fluroxypyr + 0.01 lb/acre halauxifen-methyl + 1.44 lb/acre 2,4-D choline; 4) 0.20 lb/acre triclopyr + 0.003 lb/acre pyraflufen-ethyl + 1.72 lb/acre 2,4-D + 0.14/acre dicamba; and 5) 0.04 lb/acre penoxsulam + 0.04 lb/acre sulfentrazone + 0.40 lb/acre 2,4-D + 0.11 lb/acre dicamba. Penoxsulam + sulfentrazone + 2,4-D + dicamba reduced tall fescue cover, NDVI, and canopy height compared with the nontreated. This research demonstrates seeding between 0 to 14 days after an application of carfentrazone-ethyl + MCPP + 2,4-D + dicamba, fluroxypyr + halauxifen-methyl + 2,4-D choline, or triclopyr + pyraflufen-ethyl + 2,4-D + dicamba will result in successful tall fescue establishment under the conditions evaluated in these experiments.","PeriodicalId":13144,"journal":{"name":"Horttechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48056234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Nutrient Use and Management Practices on United States Golf Courses 美国高尔夫球场的养分使用和管理实践

IF 1 4区农林科学

Horttechnology Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.21273/horttech05118-22

T. Shaddox, J. B. Unruh, Mark Johnson, C. D. Brown, G. Stacey

{"title":"Nutrient Use and Management Practices on United States Golf Courses","authors":"T. Shaddox, J. B. Unruh, Mark Johnson, C. D. Brown, G. Stacey","doi":"10.21273/horttech05118-22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21273/horttech05118-22","url":null,"abstract":"Nutrient use on United States golf courses increases management costs and has the potential to influence ecosystems. Therefore, it is critical to assess nutrient use and management practices to develop and teach best management practices. The objectives of this survey were to measure nutrient use and management practices on United States golf courses in 2021, and to determine if changes occurred since 2006. A survey was developed and distributed via e-mail to 14,033 United States golf facilities, with 1444 responding. From 2006 to 2021, the total projected nitrogen (N), available phosphorus (P2O5), and soluble potash (K2O) applied declined by 41%, 59%, and 54%, to 54,376, 13,761, and 41,386 tons, respectively. These reductions were attributed to course closures, reduced fertilized acres, reduced application rates, and nutrient use restrictions. The percentage of facilities that did not apply P2O5 increased to 21%, which is likely a result of P2O5 application restrictions. Soil testing was associated with greater application rates of N, P2O5, and K2O. Returning clippings, using precision fertilizer applications, reducing turfgrass acreage, and considering N release from soil organic matter were associated with reduced application rates of P2O5. Golf course superintendents have contributed to nationwide reductions in N, P2O5, and K2O, as evidenced by the reduction in fertilized acres and the reduction in nutrient use rates from 2006 to 2021.","PeriodicalId":13144,"journal":{"name":"Horttechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47578277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Conference Workshop Proceedings: Developing a Scholarship of Teaching and Learning Portfolio in Applied Horticulture 会议研讨会论文集：开发应用园艺教学档案奖学金

IF 1 4区农林科学

Horttechnology Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.21273/horttech05127-22

Chad T. Miller, R. Harkess, Cindy L. Haynes, K. Williams, Amy N. Wright

引用次数: 0

Use of Gardening Programs as an Intervention to Increase Children’s Ability to Delay Gratification 使用园艺项目作为一种干预，以提高儿童延迟满足的能力

IF 1 4区农林科学

Horttechnology Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.21273/horttech05135-22

A. McFarland, Aime J. Sommerfeld, T. M. Waliczek, J. Zajicek

引用次数: 0