不同灌溉水平下3个甜玉米品种的蒸散速率

IF 1 4区农林科学 Q3 HORTICULTURE

Horttechnology Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI:10.21273/horttech05114-22

H. Bayabil, Fitsum T. Teshome, Sandra M. Guzmán, B. Schaffer

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引用次数: 1

摘要

了解植物对不同灌溉水平的反应对于制定有效的灌溉调度实践至关重要，这些实践可以在不影响植物生长和产量的情况下节约用水。本研究的目的是评估三个甜玉米（玉米变种）品种1170、8021和Battalion在三种灌溉水平（50%、75%和100%）下的响应。灌溉处理是基于土壤水分管理允许损耗。在佛罗里达州Homestead的热带研究和教育中心，使用1加仑的容器在空地上进行了重复试验。使用带微型弹簧的滴灌系统进行灌溉。根据土壤容器和植物重量的差异，使用数字量表测量每日作物蒸散率。参考蒸散量（ETo）采用FAO Penman-Monteith方程计算。根据测得的ETc和计算出的ETo计算出三个品种的作物系数（Kc）值。此外，还测定了叶片面积、气孔导度和新鲜生物量。50%、75%和100%处理的总灌溉量分别为116、162和216 mm，总ETc值分别为128、157和170 mm。与100%灌溉处理相比，两种亏缺灌溉处理（50%和75%）使三个品种的ETc降低。结果还表明，在75%和100%处理下，三个品种的Kc值通常大于1，最高可达1.5。此外，50%处理的叶面积和新鲜生物量大多低于75%或100%处理。

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Evapotranspiration Rates of Three Sweet Corn Cultivars under Different Irrigation Levels

Understanding plants’ response to different irrigation levels is essential for developing effective irrigation scheduling practices that conserve water without affecting plant growth and yield. The objective of this study was to evaluate the responses of three sweet corn (Zea mays var. saccharata) cultivars 1170, 8021, and Battalion under three irrigation levels (50%, 75%, and 100%). Irrigation treatments were based on soil moisture management allowable depletion. Replicated trials were conducted, in an open field using 1-gal containers, at the Tropical Research and Education Center, Homestead, FL. A drip system with microsprinklers was used for irrigation. Daily crop evapotranspiration (ETc) rates were measured using a digital scale based on differences in weights of soil containers and plants. Reference evapotranspiration (ETo) was calculated using the FAO-Penman-Monteith equation. Crop-coefficient (Kc) values for the three cultivars were calculated from measured ETc and calculated ETo. In addition, leaf area, stomatal conductance, and fresh biomass were measured. Total irrigation amounts corresponding to the 50%, 75%, and 100% treatments were 116, 162, and 216 mm, and total ETc values were 128, 157, and 170 mm, respectively. The two deficit irrigation treatments (50% and 75%) resulted in a reduction of ETc for the three cultivars compared with the 100% irrigation treatments. Results also showed that under 75% and 100% treatments, Kc values were usually greater than 1 for the three cultivars and reached as high as 1.5. Additionally, leaf area and fresh biomass weight in the 50% treatment were mostly lower than in the 75% or 100% treatments.

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来源期刊

Horttechnology 农林科学-园艺

CiteScore

2.30

自引率

10.00%

发文量

审稿时长

3 months

期刊介绍： HortTechnology serves as the primary outreach publication of the American Society for Horticultural Science. Its mission is to provide science-based information to professional horticulturists, practitioners, and educators; promote and encourage an interchange of ideas among scientists, educators, and professionals working in horticulture; and provide an opportunity for peer review of practical horticultural information.