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Between scientific dissemination and late-stage eugenics: ruptures and continuations in the intellectual trajectory of Salvador de Toledo Piza Jr., 1898-1988. 在科学传播与晚期优生学之间:小萨尔瓦多·德·托莱多·披萨思想轨迹的断裂与延续，1898-1988。
IF 0.4 4区 哲学
Historia, ciencias, saude--Manguinhos Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1590/S0104-59702023000100025
Guilherme Prado Roitberg
{"title":"Between scientific dissemination and late-stage eugenics: ruptures and continuations in the intellectual trajectory of Salvador de Toledo Piza Jr., 1898-1988.","authors":"Guilherme Prado Roitberg","doi":"10.1590/S0104-59702023000100025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/S0104-59702023000100025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article analyzes the ruptures from and continuations of eugenicist ideology in the work of Salvador de Toledo Piza Jr., a geneticist and professor at the Escola Superior de Agricultura \"Luiz de Queiroz.\" Documentary research involving articles, correspondence, and notes from this former director of the Boletim de Eugenia investigates the reshaping of eugenics in the post-1945 context, a time when Piza Jr. began to publicize evolutionism. While Piza Jr. stopped publicly defending eugenics in latter half of the twentieth century, he maintained his racialized notions into the 1950s, corresponded with eugenicist groups in the 1960s, and supported a hierarchical interpretation of human evolution until the late 1980s.</p>","PeriodicalId":13134,"journal":{"name":"Historia, ciencias, saude--Manguinhos","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10395613/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10146713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Panic, denial, and the search for "magic remedies:" the various social responses to covid-19 in Peru. 恐慌、否认和寻找“神奇疗法”:秘鲁对covid-19的各种社会反应。
IF 0.4 4区 哲学
Historia, ciencias, saude--Manguinhos Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1590/S0104-59702023000100031
Jorge Lossio
{"title":"Panic, denial, and the search for \"magic remedies:\" the various social responses to covid-19 in Peru.","authors":"Jorge Lossio","doi":"10.1590/S0104-59702023000100031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/S0104-59702023000100031","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Between March 2020 and March 2022, more than 213,000 Peruvians died of covid-19. In this research note, we will identify and analyze the various social responses to covid-19 in Peru: denial, panic, search for culprits, search for \"magic remedies,\" and, in some sectors, mistrust towards the State and science. We argue that these social responses have been common throughout history, both in pandemics prior to the development of the bacteriological era and in the most recent ones. We intend to show that, in Peru, scientific ideas around health and disease coexist with religious ideas, conspiracy theories and traditional knowledge.</p>","PeriodicalId":13134,"journal":{"name":"Historia, ciencias, saude--Manguinhos","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10481588/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10223643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Hospicios, manicomios e instituciones psiquiátricos en Iberoamérica 拉丁美洲的临终关怀、精神病院和精神病院
4区 哲学
Historia, ciencias, saude--Manguinhos Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1590/s0104-59702023000100047
Manuela Barrios López
{"title":"Hospicios, manicomios e instituciones psiquiátricos en Iberoamérica","authors":"Manuela Barrios López","doi":"10.1590/s0104-59702023000100047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/s0104-59702023000100047","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13134,"journal":{"name":"Historia, ciencias, saude--Manguinhos","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136203611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
From Passos the Indian to Doctor Chernoviz: experiments to cure leprosy in nineteenth-century Pará 从印第安人帕索斯到切尔诺维兹医生:19世纪帕尔<e:1>治疗麻风病的实验
4区 哲学
Historia, ciencias, saude--Manguinhos Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1590/s0104-59702023000100027en
Márcio Couto Henrique
{"title":"From Passos the Indian to Doctor Chernoviz: experiments to cure leprosy in nineteenth-century Pará","authors":"Márcio Couto Henrique","doi":"10.1590/s0104-59702023000100027en","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/s0104-59702023000100027en","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This article analyzes an experiment to cure leprosy using the assacu plant (Hura crepitans L.) conducted in Santarém, Pará, in 1847, by an Indigenous man named Antonio Vieira dos Passos. The experiment was later repeated in other Brazilian provinces and abroad. This article establishes relationships between medical practices in other parts of the country while focusing on the dialog between official and Indigenous medicine. Newspaper articles and official documents of the time show that Indigenous knowledge of medicinal plants was widely recognized and utilized by physicians wishing to incorporate it into the official therapeutic repertoire.","PeriodicalId":13134,"journal":{"name":"Historia, ciencias, saude--Manguinhos","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135947763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Impoverishment, hunger, and pandemic: Emergency Aid, the end of the Bolsa Família Benefit, and its replacement, Auxílio Brasil, 2019-2022]. [贫困、饥饿和流行病:紧急援助，Bolsa的结束Família福利及其替代，Auxílio巴西，2019-2022]。
IF 0.4 4区 哲学
Historia, ciencias, saude--Manguinhos Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1590/S0104-59702023000100032
Denise De Sordi
{"title":"[Impoverishment, hunger, and pandemic: Emergency Aid, the end of the Bolsa Família Benefit, and its replacement, Auxílio Brasil, 2019-2022].","authors":"Denise De Sordi","doi":"10.1590/S0104-59702023000100032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/S0104-59702023000100032","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article addresses the political choices made by the Brazilian government concerning conditional cash transfer programs during the covid-19 pandemic. The aim is to analyze how the covid-related Emergency Aid (Auxílio Emergencial), the extinction of the Bolsa Família Program, and the implementation of its replacement, Auxílio Brasil, interacted in the rearrangement and dismantling of Brazil's social protection network in a broader context of a generalized impoverishment of Brazilian workers. The article not only presents a record of these actions, but also offers an interpretative approach that, historically contextualized, can shed light on these actions, which ran parallel to the deepening entrenchment of neoliberal policies in the country.</p>","PeriodicalId":13134,"journal":{"name":"Historia, ciencias, saude--Manguinhos","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10481633/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10539678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[On "the remedies and medications which were given to ailing negroes:" health and death spending on slaves by the Office of the Jesuit Province of Paraguay, 1711-1745]. [关于"给予患病黑人的补救措施和药物:"巴拉圭耶稣会省办公室在奴隶身上的保健和死亡开支，1711-1745年]。
IF 0.4 4区 哲学
Historia, ciencias, saude--Manguinhos Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1590/S0104-59702023000100036
Eliane Cristina Deckmann Fleck, Antonio Dari Ramos
{"title":"[On \"the remedies and medications which were given to ailing negroes:\" health and death spending on slaves by the Office of the Jesuit Province of Paraguay, 1711-1745].","authors":"Eliane Cristina Deckmann Fleck,&nbsp;Antonio Dari Ramos","doi":"10.1590/S0104-59702023000100036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/S0104-59702023000100036","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This text analyzes the way sick slaves were treated at the Office (ofício) of the Jesuit Province of Paraguay and Santa Catalina Farm (estancia) between 1711 and 1745. The sources consulted – Libro de cuentas del Ofício, Memoriales, and Cartas ânuas – reveal that the sickness of the enslaved people generated expenses, not only for medications, clothing, and food, but also for shrouds for their burial. As for the slaves from the Santa Catalina Farm, the sources indicate that depending on the infirmity, they were sometimes sent to Córdoba, where they were treated by laypersons trained in the healing arts, which incurred different expenses, also recorded in the ledgers.","PeriodicalId":13134,"journal":{"name":"Historia, ciencias, saude--Manguinhos","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10425153/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10140635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Socioeconomic inequality in Latin America and the Caribbean: the post-pandemic future for the training of health professionals. 拉丁美洲和加勒比的社会经济不平等:大流行后卫生专业人员培训的未来。
IF 0.4 4区 哲学
Historia, ciencias, saude--Manguinhos Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1590/S0104-59702023000100029
Lina Faria, Rocío Elizabeth Chavez Alvarez, Luiz Antonio de Castro Santos
{"title":"Socioeconomic inequality in Latin America and the Caribbean: the post-pandemic future for the training of health professionals.","authors":"Lina Faria,&nbsp;Rocío Elizabeth Chavez Alvarez,&nbsp;Luiz Antonio de Castro Santos","doi":"10.1590/S0104-59702023000100029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/S0104-59702023000100029","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Inequality is a global, structural problem that is particularly marked in the world's poorest countries. The covid-19 pandemic exacerbated this historic problem in Latin America and the Caribbean and deepened uncertainties in relation to basic human needs. This study presents an overview of the subject on the basis of official reports from international agencies (PAHO, WHO, ECLAC) between 2019 and 2022 and discusses some paths for the training of health professionals in Brazil. It also investigates how health practices could be changed to ensure greater social protection for vulnerable populations, based on the proposals of Paulo Freire and Edgar Morin, which highlight current social and health problems.</p>","PeriodicalId":13134,"journal":{"name":"Historia, ciencias, saude--Manguinhos","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10481621/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10223641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The "therapeutic relationship:" emergence, eclipse, and transformations of a social technology. “治疗关系”:一种社会技术的出现、衰落和转变。
IF 0.4 4区 哲学
Historia, ciencias, saude--Manguinhos Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1590/S0104-59702022000500009
Ulrich Koch
{"title":"The \"therapeutic relationship:\" emergence, eclipse, and transformations of a social technology.","authors":"Ulrich Koch","doi":"10.1590/S0104-59702022000500009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/S0104-59702022000500009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This essay situates the history of \"the relationship\" as a therapeutic technology within the broader context of changing social relations in the twentieth-century United States. More specifically, it outlines the emergence and subsequent diffusion of practices that aim to cultivate a social bond between therapist and patient that may serve as a psychotherapeutic tool. The article highlights the transformations of this technology as its institutional and epistemic foundations became challenged. Initially conceived as an \"artificial\" social relation designed to help with \"personal adjustment,\" the therapeutic relationship was soon also deployed by non-experts and became a model for more healthful social relations. More recently, it has been fashioned as collaborative and combined with a range of other methods.</p>","PeriodicalId":13134,"journal":{"name":"Historia, ciencias, saude--Manguinhos","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9563243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[The train and the "Spanish señorita":the flu epidemic in Diamantina, 1918]. [火车和“西班牙señorita”:1918年迪亚曼蒂纳的流感流行]。
IF 0.4 4区 哲学
Historia, ciencias, saude--Manguinhos Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1590/S0104-59702023000100024
Ramon Feliphe Souza
{"title":"[The train and the \"Spanish señorita\":the flu epidemic in Diamantina, 1918].","authors":"Ramon Feliphe Souza","doi":"10.1590/S0104-59702023000100024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/S0104-59702023000100024","url":null,"abstract":"Resumo O artigo analisa a epidemia de gripe de 1918 em Diamantina, no interior de Minas Gerais. A partir de fontes bibliográficas e documentais, discute como o ramal ferroviário da Estrada de Ferro Vitória a Minas, inaugurado em 1914, contribuiu para a chegada da doença à cidade que, até então, era representada no discurso de suas elites como isolada e salubre. Aborda as imbricadas relações entre a expansão dos sistemas de transportes pelo interior do Brasil, o meio ambiente, o conhecimento científico e os processos saúde/doença.","PeriodicalId":13134,"journal":{"name":"Historia, ciencias, saude--Manguinhos","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10395612/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10146711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Reports by explorers and travelers and the first scientific studies on ayahuasca (dating from 1850 to 1950) within the current debate on the “psychedelic renaissance” 探索者和旅行者的报告和对死藤水的第一次科学研究(1850年至1950年)在当前关于“迷幻剂复兴”的辩论中。
IF 0.4 4区 哲学
Historia, ciencias, saude--Manguinhos Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1590/s0104-59702023000100023en
Vinícius Maurício de Lima, Maria Gabriela Silva Martins da Cunha Marinho
{"title":"Reports by explorers and travelers and the first scientific studies on ayahuasca (dating from 1850 to 1950) within the current debate on the “psychedelic renaissance”","authors":"Vinícius Maurício de Lima, Maria Gabriela Silva Martins da Cunha Marinho","doi":"10.1590/s0104-59702023000100023en","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/s0104-59702023000100023en","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This article describes the associations and controversies between indigenous and western uses of ayahuasca between 1850 and 1950 in relation to the “psychedelic renaissance.” This movement has gained scientific attention since 2000, but hearkens back to the 1960s and 1970s, when anti-drug policy halted research on the “therapeutic potential” of psychoactive substances. Pioneering studies on ayahuasca date back to the early twentieth century and mention reports of expeditions to Amazonia from 1850 onward. Here, these articles and reports are analyzed according to the historical aspect of actor-network theory and recent studies. We infer that history casts light on the current political debate about indigenous uses, classifications, and meanings, pharmaceutical interest in ayahuasca, and the debate on “drugs.”","PeriodicalId":13134,"journal":{"name":"Historia, ciencias, saude--Manguinhos","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86458948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
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