IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity最新文献_第5页

Machine Learning-Based Surrogate Modeling for Enhancing the Magnet Design of Future Tokamaks 基于机器学习的代理模型增强未来托卡马克磁体设计

IF 1.7 3区物理与天体物理

IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity Pub Date : 2025-03-12 DOI: 10.1109/TASC.2025.3550890

Lorenzo Giannini;Daniela P. Boso

{"title":"Machine Learning-Based Surrogate Modeling for Enhancing the Magnet Design of Future Tokamaks","authors":"Lorenzo Giannini;Daniela P. Boso","doi":"10.1109/TASC.2025.3550890","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TASC.2025.3550890","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a surrogate modeling approach based on Machine Learning (ML) techniques to enhance the magnet design of the European DEMOnstration Fusion Power Plant (EU-DEMO). Despite efforts to minimize the reactor size, its dimensions remain considerable, necessitating advanced tools for efficient design exploration. To support the design process, pre-sizing codes such as the MAgnet Design Explorer Algorithm (MADE) were developed at different detail levels. MADE systematically scans all possible configurations, identifying those that satisfy electro-magneto-mechanical constraints and providing a dataset consisting of a cloud of points, each corresponding to a feasible magnet design and related layout. This work builds upon MADE-generated data to train Artificial Neural Networks creating a surrogate model capable of directly identifying optimal configurations for identifying the optimal solution within the cloud. The flexibility of the proposed ML approach allows not only for solving the forward problem (predicting outputs from given inputs) but also for addressing the inverse problem (deducing the input parameters needed to achieve desired output characteristics) or freely mixing input and output parameters. This flexibility enhances the adaptability of the method, enabling a more targeted exploration of the design space. The model has been applied to the design of the central solenoid modules, but can be extended straightforwardly to other magnet systems, such as toroidal and poloidal field coils. Furthermore, the surrogate model significantly accelerates the pre-dimensioning phase, reducing the range of configurations to be investigated and facilitating rapid iterations between engineering and physics teams. By providing fast and accurate predictions, the ML approach streamlines the design process, making it a valuable tool for the design of superconducting magnets for tokamak reactors like EU-DEMO.","PeriodicalId":13104,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity","volume":"35 5","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143865251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Resistance of High-Temperature Superconducting Tapes Triggered by Alternating Magnetic Field 交变磁场触发高温超导带的电阻

IF 1.7 3区物理与天体物理

IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity Pub Date : 2025-03-12 DOI: 10.1109/TASC.2025.3550837

Quoc Hung Pham;Rainer Nast;Mathias Noe

{"title":"Resistance of High-Temperature Superconducting Tapes Triggered by Alternating Magnetic Field","authors":"Quoc Hung Pham;Rainer Nast;Mathias Noe","doi":"10.1109/TASC.2025.3550837","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TASC.2025.3550837","url":null,"abstract":"Dynamic resistance occurs in a superconducting tape carrying a dc transport current while being exposed to an alternating magnetic field. This effect is caused by flux movements interacting with the transport current. The dynamic resistance is already applied in many superconducting applications, for example, superconducting flux pumps or persistent current switches. The resistance is highly dependent on the magnetic field and the frequency the superconductor is subjected to and its properties. When the dynamic resistance exceeds a certain value and, thus, enters the magnitude of the resistances of the normal conducting layers of the high-temperature superconducting (HTS) tape, these normal conducting layers play a significant role in the total resistance of the tape. In this article, modifications were made to the silver stabilizer, and the total resistance of the HTS tape has been investigated. The experimental results with frequencies up to 1000 Hz and magnetic field up to 277 mT show significant increases in resistance. In addition, a multilayer model based on H-formulation is presented to calculate the losses of the superconductor. The results also show significant heating due to the losses and, therefore, a temperature rise, which affects the measured total resistance. These results can be further used for applications, where high switchable resistances are required with zero dc resistance when the magnet is turned <sc>off</small>.","PeriodicalId":13104,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity","volume":"35 3","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143706798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Optimization of Transport Critical Currents at 4.2 K – 20 K at Magnetic Fields Up to 31 T for MOCVD REBCO Conductors With Variable Zr and Growth Conditions 具有可变Zr和生长条件的MOCVD REBCO导体在高达31 T磁场下4.2 K - 20k传输临界电流的优化

IF 1.7 3区物理与天体物理

IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity Pub Date : 2025-03-11 DOI: 10.1109/TASC.2025.3549409

D. Abraimov;J. Gillman;C. Zha;Y. Oz;H. Pimentel;S. Mao;J. Kvitkovic;G. Bradford;J. Lee;J. Jaroszynski;N. Bishop;Y. Zhang

{"title":"Optimization of Transport Critical Currents at 4.2 K – 20 K at Magnetic Fields Up to 31 T for MOCVD REBCO Conductors With Variable Zr and Growth Conditions","authors":"D. Abraimov;J. Gillman;C. Zha;Y. Oz;H. Pimentel;S. Mao;J. Kvitkovic;G. Bradford;J. Lee;J. Jaroszynski;N. Bishop;Y. Zhang","doi":"10.1109/TASC.2025.3549409","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TASC.2025.3549409","url":null,"abstract":"The critical current, <inline-formula><tex-math>$I_{mathrm{c}}$</tex-math></inline-formula>, of REBCO full-width 4 mm short samples made by metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD), optimized for high-field applications, were measured at magnetic fields perpendicular to sample plane up to 31.2 T in resistive magnets and temperature range <inline-formula><tex-math>${text{4.2}},{text{K}}$</tex-math></inline-formula>–55 K. Dependencies of <inline-formula><tex-math>$I_{mathrm{c}}$</tex-math></inline-formula>, critical current density (<inline-formula><tex-math>$J_{mathrm{c}}$</tex-math></inline-formula>), and pinning force density (<inline-formula><tex-math>$F_{mathrm{p}}$</tex-math></inline-formula>) on Zr doping and REBCO growth conditions were studied. SEM images of cross-section and top view of the REBCO layers for tapes with 15%, 20%, and 25% Zr doping show dense REBCO layers without secondary phases or porosity. REBCO tapes with 20% and 25% Zr doping perform better in transport <inline-formula><tex-math>$I_{mathrm{c}}$</tex-math></inline-formula>(<italic>T,</i><inline-formula><tex-math>$mu _{o}H$</tex-math></inline-formula>) tests at 20 K and 20 T conditions than tapes with lower Zr doping and can be promising candidates for applications focusing on magnetic plasma confinement.","PeriodicalId":13104,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity","volume":"35 5","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143716502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Resistance and Voltage–Current Characteristics of REBCO Superconducting Joint REBCO超导接头的电阻和电压-电流特性

IF 1.7 3区物理与天体物理

IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity Pub Date : 2025-03-11 DOI: 10.1109/TASC.2025.3550140

Yasuaki Takeda;Gen Nishijima;Hitoshi Kitaguchi

引用次数: 0

Design and Testing of Conduction-Cooled Splitable Superconducting Magnet for Linear Accelerators 线性加速器用导冷可裂超导磁体的设计与试验

IF 1.7 3区物理与天体物理

IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity Pub Date : 2025-03-11 DOI: 10.1109/TASC.2025.3549753

Gang He;Guoqing Zhang;Wenjie Yang;Hongfei Wang;Lei He;Ao Feng;Lizhen Ma;Dongsheng Ni

{"title":"Design and Testing of Conduction-Cooled Splitable Superconducting Magnet for Linear Accelerators","authors":"Gang He;Guoqing Zhang;Wenjie Yang;Hongfei Wang;Lei He;Ao Feng;Lizhen Ma;Dongsheng Ni","doi":"10.1109/TASC.2025.3549753","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TASC.2025.3549753","url":null,"abstract":"The Dalian Advanced Light Source Beam Testing Platform requires a superconducting quadrupole magnet (with X/Y correction coils) to be installed at the end of the cryomodule to focus the beam. This quadrupole magnet has an aperture of 81 mm, a field gradient of 8 T/m, an integrated X/Y correction field of 67 Gs-m, and a magnetic length of 0.23 m. The nonuniformity of the quadrupole field within ±15 mm of the center is controlled to 0.1%, with a leakage field below 5 mGs at 10 cm from the cavity end. Considering magnetic field performance, cost-efficiency, and reliability, a conduction-cooled racetrack coil with an iron core structure was chosen, enabling the quadrupole and X/Y correction coils to share a common pole structure. Furthermore, since the SCRF cavities must be installed in a clean environment, the magnet is designed with a vertically split structure, allowing for assembly in the cryomodule after the SCRF cavity string has been installed in the clean room. This article presents the magnetic field design, mechanical structure, thermal analysis, quench protection, and manufacturing of the superconducting quadrupole magnet. Finally, the magnet was tested in a cryogenic liquid helium bath, with detailed measurements of the magnetic field distribution.","PeriodicalId":13104,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity","volume":"35 4","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143801002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The CIRCE Code: Cast3M Investigation and Research for Coils Mechanical Evaluation CIRCE规范：Cast3M线圈力学评价的调查与研究

IF 1.7 3区物理与天体物理

IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity Pub Date : 2025-03-11 DOI: 10.1109/TASC.2025.3549395

B. Boudes;A. Torre;F. Nunio;C. Nguyen Thanh Dao

引用次数: 0

Measurement of Fast Transients in Nb3Sn Magnets by Using a Static Harmonic-Coil 利用静态谐波线圈测量 Nb3Sn 磁体中的快速瞬变

IF 1.7 3区物理与天体物理

IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity Pub Date : 2025-03-11 DOI: 10.1109/TASC.2025.3550313

Piotr Rogacki;Lucio Fiscarelli;Arnaud Devred;Stephan Russenschuck

{"title":"Measurement of Fast Transients in Nb3Sn Magnets by Using a Static Harmonic-Coil","authors":"Piotr Rogacki;Lucio Fiscarelli;Arnaud Devred;Stephan Russenschuck","doi":"10.1109/TASC.2025.3550313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TASC.2025.3550313","url":null,"abstract":"An induction-coil magnetometer has been produced at CERN to determine the location of an incipient quench in the HL-LHC Nb<inline-formula><tex-math>$_{text{3}}$</tex-math></inline-formula>Sn inner-triplet quadrupoles. The instrument, known as a quench-antenna, allows the measurement of the position and propagation of quenches with a reduced number of acquisition channels. This is possible because four layers of nested coils are designed to be sensitive only to the normal and skew sextupole and octupole components. Moreover, the magnetometer allows the study of fast magnetic transients due to flux jumps observed during the ramping of Nb<inline-formula><tex-math>$_{text{3}}$</tex-math></inline-formula>Sn superconducting accelerator magnets. This paper presents the observation and characterization of flux jumps during powering ramps similar to machine operations. Spatial and temporal distributions of flux jumps are derived from the induced voltages in the quench-antenna as a function of the transport current. Modeling flux jumps as traveling magnetic moments allows the reconstruction of the effect in terms of position and magnitude and, thus, an estimation of the impact on the magnetic field quality.","PeriodicalId":13104,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity","volume":"35 5","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10921665","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143667607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Conceptual Design of a Conduction-Cooled Superconducting Quadrupole for ILC Main Linac With Large Temperature Margin 大温度裕度ILC主直线加速器电导冷却超导四极杆的概念设计

IF 1.7 3区物理与天体物理

IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity Pub Date : 2025-03-11 DOI: 10.1109/TASC.2025.3549412

Ó. Durán;L. García-Tabarés;L. A. González;F. Toral;Y. Arimoto;T. Yamada;A. Yamamoto

{"title":"Conceptual Design of a Conduction-Cooled Superconducting Quadrupole for ILC Main Linac With Large Temperature Margin","authors":"Ó. Durán;L. García-Tabarés;L. A. González;F. Toral;Y. Arimoto;T. Yamada;A. Yamamoto","doi":"10.1109/TASC.2025.3549412","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TASC.2025.3549412","url":null,"abstract":"The International Linear Collider (ILC) Main Linac consists of a series of cryomodules, one third of which are composed by eight 9-cell superconducting RF (SRF) cavities and a superconducting quadrupole (SCQ) package. The electrons and positrons are focused by the quadrupole and steered by the two dipoles included in the SCQ magnet. Large expected dark currents are originated at the SRF cavities and deposit energy at the SCQ. The superconductor in the coils should not surpass its critical temperature before that heat deposition is evacuated.This paper depicts the SCQ electromagnetic design proposed by CIEMAT. Several superconductors were analysed and compared. Nb<sub>3</sub>Sn wire was selected for the quadrupole coils relying on the large temperature margin for the absorption in the superconducting coils of the heat deposition from the dark currents. The magnet cross-section has been carefully optimized for the HE type of the SCQ magnet to achieve a good field quality and superconductor efficiency in spite of the expected iron saturation. The dipole coils were protected from the heat deposition, enabling the election of Nb-Ti wire. The longitudinal space has been defined with an electromagnetic 3D model.","PeriodicalId":13104,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity","volume":"35 5","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143769579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mechanical Properties of a Ni-Co-Cr-Mo Alloy Ni-Co-Cr-Mo合金的力学性能

IF 1.7 3区物理与天体物理

IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity Pub Date : 2025-03-11 DOI: 10.1109/TASC.2025.3541999

Ke Han;Y. Xin;V. J. Toplosky;R. M. Niu;J. Lu

{"title":"Mechanical Properties of a Ni-Co-Cr-Mo Alloy","authors":"Ke Han;Y. Xin;V. J. Toplosky;R. M. Niu;J. Lu","doi":"10.1109/TASC.2025.3541999","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TASC.2025.3541999","url":null,"abstract":"Because effective reinforcement materials must have both high capacity for load bearing and high resistance to deformation under external force, they require both high mechanical tensile strength and a high elasticity modulus. Both strength and modulus are usually amplified at cryogenic temperatures, so properties at both cryogenic and room temperatures must be characterized before the materials can be used for applications. In this study, we investigated a nickel-based alloy whose Young's modulus is higher than that of the stainless steels that have commonly been relied on as reinforcement materials in cryogenic environments. Our test alloy was subjected to a type of thermo-mechanical processing that strengthens the alloy through very fine planar defects. We first deformed the alloy to various magnitudes at room temperature, and we then measured its properties at both cryogenic and room temperatures. Finally, we assessed the properties (at both temperatures) of the materials that were deformed to different deformation strains at room temperature. We found that our test alloy had anisotropy in both elastic modulus and mechanical strength and had more resistance to plastic deformation at cryogenic temperatures than at room temperatures. We then investigated physical property changes in various magnetic fields and at various cryogenic temperatures. This paper summarizes 1) the changes that occurred in the microstructure of our alloy and 2) the properties desirable for effective reinforcement materials.","PeriodicalId":13104,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity","volume":"35 5","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143748828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Study on the Behavior of Superconducting Nanostructured Switching Device by the Numerical Calculation 超导纳米结构开关器件性能的数值计算研究

IF 1.7 3区物理与天体物理

IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity Pub Date : 2025-03-10 DOI: 10.1109/TASC.2025.3549384

Masumi Inoue;Ikumi Miyazaki

{"title":"Study on the Behavior of Superconducting Nanostructured Switching Device by the Numerical Calculation","authors":"Masumi Inoue;Ikumi Miyazaki","doi":"10.1109/TASC.2025.3549384","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TASC.2025.3549384","url":null,"abstract":"We investigated the properties and switching behavior of superconducting nanostructured device such as nanocryotron using numerical calculation methods. Superconducting nanostructured switching devices such as nanocryotron (nTron) are promising candidates for the interface between the single-flux-quantum (SFQ) circuit and the CMOS memory in building highly integrated superconducting circuits. Although some simulations have been performed, the detailed physics of its operation is not clear. Therefore, we are studying the behavior of superconducting nanostructured devices through numerical simulations using the thermal diffusion equation and the time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau (TDGL) equation. We previously reported on the simulation of a simple T-shaped line with a current confluence of a constant bias current and a short-time gate current. As the next step, we report the simulation on a T-shaped device with a constriction in the channel. We observed the variation in current, temperature, voltage generated in the channel, etc. during switching. Although the simulations in this report are ongoing, they will help analyze and understand the experimental results and are also expected to provide guidelines for device design.","PeriodicalId":13104,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity","volume":"35 5","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143706614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0