IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity最新文献

{"title":"First End-to-End Testing of Prototype CMB-S4 Cold Detector Modules and Readout Chains","authors":"Carina F. Baker;Sho M. Gibbs;Jeffrey P. Filippini;Zeeshan Ahmed;Adam J. Anderson;Rick Bihary;Brianna Cantrall;Shannon M. Duff;Gunther Haller;Shawn W. Henderson;Johannes Hubmayr;Cesiley King;Johanna Nagy;John Ruhl","doi":"10.1109/TASC.2026.3714128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TASC.2026.3714128","url":null,"abstract":"The cosmic microwave background (CMB), relic light emitted after the Big Bang, is a key probe of the early universe and inflationary theory. The CMB stage four (CMB-S4) project was intended as a ground-based telescope survey to map the temperature and polarization of the CMB with over 500 000 detectors. We report measurements from the first end-to-end test of prototype CMB-S4 detector and readout modules. The detector wafers consisted of 90- and 150-GHz transition-edge sensor (TES) detectors coupled to conical feedhorns via orthomode transducers and operated at 100 mK inside a dilution refrigerator. Signals were read out using a superconducting quantum interference device-based time-division multiplexing system. To support CMB-S4’s plans for eight different types of detector wafers, the cryogenic readout electronics were modular. We report on the prototype design and performance, including characterization of TES response, readout performance, and optical response measured with a cryogenic cold load (readout here meaning everything that moves signals from detectors to external computers). We also report on the performance of a convolutional neural network to identify valid loadcurves for TES parameter characterization as part of TES characterization software; this software was used to characterize TESs to test the readout chain and identify problems in the test bed. We discuss identifying heating in and heatsinking a large detector module assembly. These tests show that the prototype CMB-S4 detector wafer and readout chain function as intended. While CMB-S4 will not move forward as planned, its design, prototyping, and test beds will benefit the development of future experiments.","PeriodicalId":13104,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity","volume":"36 6","pages":"2503807-2503807"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11640763","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148985463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TES Proton Irradiation Result Analysis for Future Space Applications","authors":"A. Besnard;V. Sauvage;S. L. Stever;B. Maffei;P. dal Bo;T. Lari;M. de Lucia;A. Tartari;G. Signorelli;J. Hubmayr;G. Jaehnig","doi":"10.1109/TASC.2026.3716581","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TASC.2026.3716581","url":null,"abstract":"As observed on the signal of the <italic>Planck</i>-high frequency instrument highly sensitive bolometers, the effect of cosmic rays on detectors is a major concern for future similar space missions. Their instruments will have a larger detection surface, increased sensitivity, and more stringent requirements on the suppression of systematic effects. To study the impact of cosmic rays on detector prototypes in operational conditions, Institut d'Astrophysique Spatiale (IAS) has designed a state-of-the-art cryogenic system to irradiate particles by coupling this facility to particle accelerators. An irradiation campaign has been carried out on <italic>LiteBIRD</i>-high frequency telescope transition edge sensor (TES) prototypes to study their response to particle hits. In this article, we present the results and the analysis of this first test campaign.","PeriodicalId":13104,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity","volume":"36 6","pages":"9501006-9501006"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148926215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CCAT: Mod-Cam Cryogenic Performance and Its Impact on 280-GHz KID Array Noise","authors":"Lawrence T. Lin;Eve M. Vavagiakis;Jason E. Austermann;James R. Burgoyne;Scott Chapman;Steve K. Choi;Abigail T. Crites;Cody J. Duell;Rodrigo G. Freundt;Eliza Gazda;Christopher Groppi;Anthony I. Huber;Zachary B. Huber;Johannes Hubmayr;Ben Keller;Philip Mauskopf;Alicia Middleton;Michael D. Niemack;Darshan A. Patel;Cody Roberson;Adrian K. Sinclair;Ema Smith;Anna Vaskuri;Benjamin J. Vaughan;Samantha Walker;Yi Wang;Yuhan Wang;Jordan Wheeler;Ruixuan Xie","doi":"10.1109/TASC.2026.3722806","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TASC.2026.3722806","url":null,"abstract":"The CCAT Observatory’s Fred Young Submillimeter Telescope (FYST) is designed to observe submillimeter astronomical signals with high precision, using receivers fielding state-of-the-art kinetic inductance detector (KID) arrays. Prime-Cam is a first-light, multiband, wide-field camera for FYST, designed to field up to seven instrument modules and provide unprecedented sensitivity across a broad frequency range. Mod-Cam serves as a single-module testbed for Prime-Cam, delivering detailed evaluation of cryogenic behavior prior to deploying modules in Prime-Cam on FYST. We present the cryogenic performance of Mod-Cam in an “optically open” cooldown to validate the testbed, and present detector results from a “cold-load” cooldown to measure the effect of focal-plane temperature stability on detector noise. During the optically open test, we achieved stable base temperatures of <inline-formula><tex-math>$text{1.5} ,text{K}$</tex-math></inline-formula> on the <inline-formula><tex-math>$text{1} ,text{K}$</tex-math></inline-formula> stage and <inline-formula><tex-math>$text{85} ,text{m}text{K}$</tex-math></inline-formula> at the detector stage. In the cold-load configuration, we measured a detector focal-plane root-mean-square temperature stability of <inline-formula><tex-math>$text{3.2} times text{10}^{-text{5}} ,text{K}$</tex-math></inline-formula>. From this stability measurement, we demonstrate that the equivalent power from focal-plane thermal fluctuations is only 0.0040% of a <inline-formula><tex-math>$text{5} ,text{p}text{W}$</tex-math></inline-formula> incident photon power for aluminum detectors and 0.0023% for titanium-nitride detectors, a negligible level for CCAT science goals. This highlights the success of the cryogenic system design and thermal management.","PeriodicalId":13104,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity","volume":"36 6","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148925027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity Publication Information","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/TASC.2026.3726394","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TASC.2026.3726394","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13104,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity","volume":"36 6","pages":"C2-C2"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11712273","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149131803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An On-Sky Atmospheric Calibration of SPT-SLIM","authors":"Karia Dibert;Michel Adamic;Adam Anderson;Peter Barry;Bradford Benson;Chris Benson;Elyssa Brooks;John Carlstrom;Tom Cecil;Clarence Chang;Matthew Dobbs;Kyra Fichman;Kirit Karkare;Garrett Keating;Alex Lapuente;Marharyta Lisovenko;Daniel Marrone;Joshua Montgomery;Tyler Natoli;Zhaodi Pan;Alexandra Rahlin;Gethin Robson;Maclean Rouble;Graeme Smecher;Volodymyr Yefremenko;Matthew Young;Cyndia Yu;Jessica Zebrowski;Cheng Zhang","doi":"10.1109/TASC.2026.3724254","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TASC.2026.3724254","url":null,"abstract":"We present the methodology and results of the on-sky responsivity calibration of the south pole telescope shirokoff line intensity mapper (SPT-SLIM). SPT-SLIM is a pathfinder line intensity mapping experiment utilizing the on-chip spectrometer technology, and was first deployed during the 2024–2025 Austral Summer season on the south pole telescope. During the two-week on-sky operation of SPT-SLIM, we performed periodic measurements of the detector response as a function of the telescope elevation angle. Combining these data with atmospheric opacity measurements from an on-site atmospheric tipping radiometer, simulated South Pole atmospheric spectra, and measured detector spectral responses, we construct estimates for the responsivity of SPT-SLIM detectors to sky loading. We then use this model to calibrate observations of the Moon taken by SPT-SLIM, cross-checking the result against the known brightness temperature of the Moon as a function of its phase.","PeriodicalId":13104,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity","volume":"36 6","pages":"2402908-2402908"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149034332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity Subject Categories for Article Numbering Information","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/TASC.2026.3726400","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TASC.2026.3726400","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13104,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity","volume":"36 6","pages":"C3-C3"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11712272","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149131805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity Information for Authors","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/TASC.2026.3726398","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TASC.2026.3726398","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13104,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity","volume":"36 6","pages":"C4-C4"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11712276","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149131776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spectral Characterization and Performance of SPT-SLIM On-Chip Filterbank Spectrometers","authors":"C. S. Benson;K. Fichman;M. Adamic;A. J. Anderson;P. S. Barry;B. A. Benson;E. Brooks;J. E. Carlstrom;T. Cecil;C. L. Chang;K. R. Dibert;M. Dobbs;K. S. Karkare;G. K. Keating;A. M. Lapuente;M. Lisovenko;D. P. Marrone;J. Montgomery;T. Natoli;Z. Pan;A. Rahlin;G. Robson;M. Rouble;G. Smecher;V. Yefremenko;M. R. Young;C. Yu;J. A. Zebrowski;C. Zhang","doi":"10.1109/TASC.2026.3694583","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TASC.2026.3694583","url":null,"abstract":"The south pole telescope Shirokoff line intensity mapper (SPT-SLIM) experiment is a pathfinder for demonstrating the use of on-chip spectrometers for millimeter (mm) line intensity mapping. We present spectral bandpass measurements of the SPT-SLIM spectrometer channels made on site using a Fourier transform spectrometer (FTS) during the first deployment of SPT-SLIM in the 2024–2025 austral summer season. We note the effect of FTS systematics on measurements of on-chip filterbank spectrometer resolutions and demonstrate a technique for measuring the narrow band passes of the SPT-SLIM filterbanks that improves beyond the intrinsic resolution of an FTS.","PeriodicalId":13104,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity","volume":"36 6","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148925030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial: Preface to the Special Issue for the International Conference on Low-Temperature Detectors, LTD 2025","authors":"Michael W. Rabin;Anna Fox","doi":"10.1109/TASC.2026.3723280","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TASC.2026.3723280","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13104,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity","volume":"36 6","pages":"0100402-0100402"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11674181","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148926142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fabrication and Testing of NTL-Enhanced HPGe Light Detectors for CUPID $0nu 2beta$ Experiment","authors":"Maximo DiPreta;Vivek Singh;Marharyta Lisovenko;Tomas Polakovic;Samuel E. Pate;Volodymyr Yefremenko;Yury Kolomensky;Valentine Novosad","doi":"10.1109/TASC.2026.3720988","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TASC.2026.3720988","url":null,"abstract":"CUORE Upgrade with Particle IDentification (CUPID) is a next-generation experiment searching for neutrinoless double beta decay (<inline-formula><tex-math>$0nu 2beta$</tex-math></inline-formula>) in <inline-formula><tex-math>$^{100}$</tex-math></inline-formula>Mo to probe the Majorana nature of neutrinos. It employs Li<inline-formula><tex-math>$_{2}$</tex-math></inline-formula>MoO<inline-formula><tex-math>$_{4}$</tex-math></inline-formula> scintillating crystals at millikelvin temperatures, coupled with thin Ge bolometric light detectors for simultaneous heat and light readout. This work presents recent progress in the development of Ge light detectors enhanced via the Neganov–Trofimov–Luke (NTL) effect, which substantially improves the signal-to-noise ratio in the light channel. This improvement is crucial for suppressing background from pile-up events arising due to the slow bolometric response and the relatively fast <inline-formula><tex-math>$^{100}$</tex-math></inline-formula>Mo <inline-formula><tex-math>$2nu 2beta$</tex-math></inline-formula> decay. We report on the fabrication and preliminary testing of NTL-enhanced high purity germanium (HPGe) light detectors, detailing process steps, surface preparation methods, and strategies implemented to reduce leakage current. Future integration of NTL-enhanced light detectors is important to assist in CUPID’s goal of uncovering the fundamental nature of neutrinos.","PeriodicalId":13104,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity","volume":"36 6","pages":"1102405-1102405"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148985413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}