IEEE Access最新文献_第9页

Orimura: A Novel Soft Pneumatic Actuator Orimura：一种新型的软气动执行器

IF 3.6 3区计算机科学

IEEE Access Pub Date : 2025-08-29 DOI: 10.1109/ACCESS.2025.3603981

Zinat Tasneem;Koichi Oka

{"title":"Orimura: A Novel Soft Pneumatic Actuator","authors":"Zinat Tasneem;Koichi Oka","doi":"10.1109/ACCESS.2025.3603981","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2025.3603981","url":null,"abstract":"This paper introduces Orimura, a novel soft pneumatic actuator inspired by a modified Yoshimura Origami cylinder, designed explicitly for substantial axial elongation. To identify an optimal configuration, eight variations of modified Yoshimura paper models were precisely evaluated. The actuator was fabricated by folding watercolor paper into an origami pattern and coating it with Ecoflex 00-50 elastomer, forming a flexible yet robust paper–elastomer composite. To ensure air-tightness, the structure was sealed with additional paper–elastomer layers. Actuation was achieved using a syringe pump: the actuator extended under positive pressure and contracted under vacuum. A mathematical model was developed to describe the relationship between the geometric parameters of the origami structure, specifically the varying row heights, and the resulting height ratio. This model was validated through a rigorous experimental testing process. Three Orimura configurations were fabricated and tested, demonstrating substantial axial elongation ranging from 262% to 638%. Notably, the largest actuator configuration with a cross-sectional area of 3375 mm2 achieved a maximum extension ratio of 638% while sustaining loads up to 15 times its weight without significant performance degradation. Even under a load 22 times its weight, the actuator maintained a considerable extension of 585%, indicating high load-bearing capacity. Significantly, the incorporation of paper reinforcement effectively suppressed lateral expansion during operation. Furthermore, the mathematical model suggests that even greater elongation may be achieved by increasing the actuator’s dimensions. These results underscore Orimura’s innovative structural design and its potential contribution to the development of customizable, high-performance actuators in the field of soft robotics.","PeriodicalId":13079,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Access","volume":"13 ","pages":"153681-153695"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11145059","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145027925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

AI Fusion of Vision and Management for 6G Millimeter-Wave Aerial Networks 6G毫米波航空网络视觉与管理的AI融合

IF 3.6 3区计算机科学

IEEE Access Pub Date : 2025-08-29 DOI: 10.1109/ACCESS.2025.3604288

Mohammad Shah Alamgir;Brian Kelley

{"title":"AI Fusion of Vision and Management for 6G Millimeter-Wave Aerial Networks","authors":"Mohammad Shah Alamgir;Brian Kelley","doi":"10.1109/ACCESS.2025.3604288","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2025.3604288","url":null,"abstract":"This paper aims to enhance beam management for 6G aerial communications by fusing real-time vision data with intelligent beam selection in dynamic urban environments where buildings and mobility-induced blockages frequently obstruct line-of-sight (LoS) connectivity. We propose an artificial intelligence-driven fusion of vision and beam selection (AI-FVBS) framework that integrates YOLOv8-based object detection, reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RIS), and contextual multiarmed bandit (CMAB) learning to optimize beam selection for aerial platforms such as high-altitude platform stations (HAPS) and uncrewed aerial vehicles (UAVs). Aerial platforms improve 6G wireless network throughput, reduces blockages, and improve LoS transmission. Unlike conventional channel state information (CSI)-based methods, the proposed system leverages real-time visual context to dynamically balance beam exploration and exploitation, enhancing robustness in dense urban environments with frequent blockages. Vision-assisted RIS further extends the communication range when direct visibility is lost. Mounted vision-assisted RIS on buildings enhance signal propagation and quality by intelligently reflecting signals, and assist in beam selection when aerial platforms cannot directly detect mobile IoT systems. Experimental validation using aerial datasets, including DOTA, demonstrates a vehicle detection precision of 89%, and spectral efficiencies of 28 bps/Hz for HAPS and 35 bps/Hz for UAVs. These findings confirm significant gains in throughput and localization accuracy over traditional CSI-dependent schemes, establishing AI-FVBS as an efficient and scalable solution for 6G aerial networks.","PeriodicalId":13079,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Access","volume":"13 ","pages":"152729-152747"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11145068","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145036821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Multi-Objective Optimization of On-Grid Park and Ride EV Parking Station With Renewable Energy 可再生能源并网停乘电动汽车停车站多目标优化

IF 3.6 3区计算机科学

IEEE Access Pub Date : 2025-08-29 DOI: 10.1109/ACCESS.2025.3604097

Soichiro Ueda;Masahiro Furukakoi;Akie Uehara;Hiroshi Takahashi;Ashraf Mohamed Hemeida;Mitsunaga Kinjo;Tomonobu Senjyu

{"title":"Multi-Objective Optimization of On-Grid Park and Ride EV Parking Station With Renewable Energy","authors":"Soichiro Ueda;Masahiro Furukakoi;Akie Uehara;Hiroshi Takahashi;Ashraf Mohamed Hemeida;Mitsunaga Kinjo;Tomonobu Senjyu","doi":"10.1109/ACCESS.2025.3604097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2025.3604097","url":null,"abstract":"In response to the growing need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and achieve a decarbonized society, this study focuses on the optimal design of electric vehicle (EV) charging stations powered by renewable energy sources. Battery electric vehicles (BEVs), which emit no CO2 during operation, are particularly effective when combined with Park and Ride (P&R) systems that mitigate urban traffic congestion. This paper investigates the optimal operation and configuration of P&R BEV charging stations in Okinawa, Japan, comparing two power supply methods: on-grid and off-grid systems using photovoltaic (PV), wind power generation (WG), and battery energy storage systems (BESS). A multi-objective optimization model is developed to minimize the annual operating cost while meeting EV charging demand. To identify the optimal configuration, an exhaustive search of equipment unit combinations is conducted. The resulting pareto front reveals trade-offs between total annual EV charging energy and parking operator profit. In addition, three representative charging levels are analyzed in detail. Results show that on-grid systems achieve higher profit margins under moderate charging demand, leveraging grid power to maintain stable operations. In contrast, off-grid systems, while requiring higher initial investment, exhibit greater self-sufficiency and perform better in high demand scenarios or in remote areas with limited grid access. Thus, the optimal power supply method should be selected based on site-specific conditions, such as EV charging scale, regional infrastructure, and resilience requirements. Among the options, the on-grid system is identified as the most practical and economically viable solution under current technological and institutional conditions.","PeriodicalId":13079,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Access","volume":"13 ","pages":"152669-152681"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11145064","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144998229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Resilience-Oriented Planning for Distribution Systems Combining Distributed Generation Allocation and Dynamic Operational Strategies 结合分布式发电分配和动态运行策略的配电系统弹性规划

IF 3.6 3区计算机科学

IEEE Access Pub Date : 2025-08-29 DOI: 10.1109/ACCESS.2025.3603962

Juan M. Home-Ortiz;Lucas C. Yamaguti;Jairo Yumbla;Ozy D. Melgar-Dominguez;Renato Machado Monaro;José R. S. Mantovani

{"title":"Resilience-Oriented Planning for Distribution Systems Combining Distributed Generation Allocation and Dynamic Operational Strategies","authors":"Juan M. Home-Ortiz;Lucas C. Yamaguti;Jairo Yumbla;Ozy D. Melgar-Dominguez;Renato Machado Monaro;José R. S. Mantovani","doi":"10.1109/ACCESS.2025.3603962","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2025.3603962","url":null,"abstract":"A specialized strategy to enhance the resilience of distribution systems against high-impact and low-probability events is developed by incorporating investment decisions and emergency operational actions. Investment decisions involve the optimal distributed generation (DG) allocation, while operational actions include dynamic restoration plans that consider microgrid formation, network reconfiguration, and the pre-positioning and displacement of mobile energy storage systems. The resilience problem is formulated as a mixed-integer second-order cone programming (MISOCP) model, where the investment cost of installing new DG units in the system and the expected value of energy shedding in the system are simultaneously minimized. The MISOCP model is extended to a two-stage stochastic scenario-based approach to address the uncertainties associated with solar irradiance, demand, and fault events. In addition, this formulation captures load changes in response to voltage fluctuations through a voltage-dependent ZIP model, which accurately represents the composite load characteristics as a combination of constant impedance (Z), constant current (I), and constant power (P) components. The effectiveness of the proposed model is demonstrated through several experiments using the 33-node and the 69-node distribution systems under different study cases. Numerical results show the benefits of simultaneously addressing the planning and restoration problems, especially when considering emergency scenarios.","PeriodicalId":13079,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Access","volume":"13 ","pages":"154556-154567"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11145019","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145021188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Responsible Gaussian Model: Matrix-Based Approximation of Gaussian Mixture Model 负责任高斯模型：基于矩阵的高斯混合模型逼近

IF 3.6 3区计算机科学

IEEE Access Pub Date : 2025-08-29 DOI: 10.1109/ACCESS.2025.3604006

Wataru Obayashi;Takeru Aoki;Tomoaki Tatsukawa

{"title":"Responsible Gaussian Model: Matrix-Based Approximation of Gaussian Mixture Model","authors":"Wataru Obayashi;Takeru Aoki;Tomoaki Tatsukawa","doi":"10.1109/ACCESS.2025.3604006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2025.3604006","url":null,"abstract":"Mechanisms of deep learning are often viewed as a unclear structure and are difficult to interpret or control precisely using mathematical or engineering principles. In contrast, statistics shares similar theoretical foundations and application areas with machine learning but offers more interpretable models and mathematically rigorous frameworks. However, statistical methods face limitations when dealing with analytically intractable problems. The Gaussian mixture model (GMM) is a distribution obtained by adding normal distributions. In addition, it is a flexible probability distribution. It is highly practical but difficult to solve analytically; however, iterative methods, such as EM algorithm, can be applied to solve it. In this study, we propose the model with a new model, we propose The Responsible Gaussian Model a novel alternative to the Gaussian Mixture Model to avoid iterative solutions and obtain analytical approximation. To evaluate its performance, we applied the model to clustering on Iris plants dataset, Wine recognition dataset, Optical recognition of Handwritten digits dataset, and CIFAR-10.","PeriodicalId":13079,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Access","volume":"13 ","pages":"154295-154304"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11145024","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145021326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

PASTEL: An Aerial Multi-LiDAR Dataset for Research in SLAM Tuning and Robustness 一种用于SLAM调谐和鲁棒性研究的空中多激光雷达数据集

IF 3.6 3区计算机科学

IEEE Access Pub Date : 2025-08-29 DOI: 10.1109/ACCESS.2025.3603733

Robert Milijas;Jose Ramiro Martínez-de Dios;Stjepan Bogdan

{"title":"PASTEL: An Aerial Multi-LiDAR Dataset for Research in SLAM Tuning and Robustness","authors":"Robert Milijas;Jose Ramiro Martínez-de Dios;Stjepan Bogdan","doi":"10.1109/ACCESS.2025.3603733","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2025.3603733","url":null,"abstract":"LiDAR-based SLAM algorithms are critically dependent on the configuration of the environment and the LiDAR characteristics. Existing LiDAR-based datasets are not devised for research in SLAM parameter tuning due to limited diversity in types of environments and difficulties in comparing results from LiDARs with different characteristics. This paper presents PASTEL, a dataset for research in LiDAR-based SLAM tuning performance and robustness for low-altitude navigation of uncrewed aerial vehicles. PASTEL provides high diversity in the main factors that affect LiDAR-based SLAM tuning: type of environment, 3D LiDAR characteristics, and aerial robot velocity. The aerial robot mounts three different 3D LiDAR models (with different resolutions, fields of view, and accuracies) that are recorded in parallel. PASTEL includes 17 sequences recorded in flights with two velocity profiles at distinct types of environments: wide-open spaces with distant obstacles, horizontally confined spaces with open sky, confined GNSS-denied spaces, and also includes sequences where the aerial robot transitions between two or more of these distinct environments. The dataset includes measurements from the 3 LiDARS and Inertial Measurement Units (IMUs), as well as the ground-truth robot trajectories and ground-truth maps. PASTEL, available at <uri>https://sites.google.com/view/pastel-lidar-slam-dataset</uri> and at <uri>https://zenodo.org/records/14796964</uri>, has been validated in terms of trajectory and map accuracies with well-known SLAM methods.","PeriodicalId":13079,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Access","volume":"13 ","pages":"153010-153023"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11143156","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144998028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Optimization of Multi-Agent Scheduling Based on MA-ID3QN for the Riveting and Welding Work Cell 基于MA-ID3QN的铆焊工作单元多智能体调度优化

IF 3.6 3区计算机科学

IEEE Access Pub Date : 2025-08-29 DOI: 10.1109/ACCESS.2025.3604143

Jianbin Zheng;Yizhuo Zhang;Yang Gao;Ziyao Chen;Yifan Gao;Chuyi Zhou;Xinyu Zhou

{"title":"Optimization of Multi-Agent Scheduling Based on MA-ID3QN for the Riveting and Welding Work Cell","authors":"Jianbin Zheng;Yizhuo Zhang;Yang Gao;Ziyao Chen;Yifan Gao;Chuyi Zhou;Xinyu Zhou","doi":"10.1109/ACCESS.2025.3604143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2025.3604143","url":null,"abstract":"In industrial manufacturing, multi-agent scheduling is one of the key technologies for improving production efficiency. Due to the complexity of multi-agent systems and the interference between tasks, achieving efficient task scheduling is faced with significant challenges. To solve this problem, this paper introduces the dueling double deep Q-network (D3QN) into the multi-robot scheduling scenario of a riveting and welding work cell for the first time. Considering the characteristics of this scenario, an improved D3QN is proposed, which is designed as a multi-agent independent dueling double deep Q-network algorithm (MA-ID3QN) based on a multi-agent cooperation mechanism. In this approach, robots in the work cell are treated as independent agents, with decentralized training and decentralized execution to accommodate varying robot numbers. Meanwhile, several mechanisms are employed to enhance the algorithm’s performance. Furthermore, a digital twin-based riveting and welding work cell platform is constructed for validation. First, the MA-ID3QN algorithm generates a scheduling strategy based on the state of the physical space of the riveting and welding work cell. Then, the scheduling strategy is verified on the digital twin platform. Finally, comparative experiments are conducted to validate the effectiveness of the proposed method. The experimental results demonstrate that the MA-ID3QN-based agent scheduling method exhibits better reliability, higher efficiency, and stronger generalization capability in multi-agent task scheduling. This approach improves the efficiency of the riveting and welding work cell and reduces the time required for welding tasks in mass production scenarios. Moreover, it has promising application prospects in industrial robot scheduling.","PeriodicalId":13079,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Access","volume":"13 ","pages":"153171-153188"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11145045","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144998099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Quantization-Aware DL-Based Channel Estimation Algorithm for OFDM Systems 基于量化感知dl的OFDM信道估计算法

IF 3.6 3区计算机科学

IEEE Access Pub Date : 2025-08-29 DOI: 10.1109/ACCESS.2025.3604259

Fábio D. L. Coutinho;Samuel S. Pereira;Hugerles S. Silva;Petia Georgieva;Arnaldo S. R. Oliveira

{"title":"A Quantization-Aware DL-Based Channel Estimation Algorithm for OFDM Systems","authors":"Fábio D. L. Coutinho;Samuel S. Pereira;Hugerles S. Silva;Petia Georgieva;Arnaldo S. R. Oliveira","doi":"10.1109/ACCESS.2025.3604259","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2025.3604259","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes a quantization-aware deep learning (DL)-based channel estimation algorithm for orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) systems under varying effective number of bits (ENOB) configurations. The algorithm addresses two key aspects: generalization in both channel conditions and analog-to-digital converter (ADC) resolutions, and mitigation of quantization noise. Generalization is achieved during the training phase by utilizing a dataset that includes multiple channel realizations across different ADC resolutions. Regarding quantization noise mitigation, the algorithm uses medium- to high- resolution data as target labels during offline training to learn the corresponding ENOBs indirect mapping. This approach enables improved channel estimation accuracy and enhances end-to-end system performance in terms of mean square error (MSE) and bit error rate (BER). Test results demonstrate consistent improvements both locally and globally across ENOBs configurations, with validation conducted in an indoor over-the-air (OTA) scenario to confirm real-world applicability. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first work to address the mitigation of ADC quantization noise in the channel estimation process without relying on medium- to high- resolution data during inference, while ensuring algorithm generalization across multiple channel realizations and varying ENOB configurations.","PeriodicalId":13079,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Access","volume":"13 ","pages":"152608-152619"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11145033","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145005443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Stable and Fast Geometric Exaggeration via Saliency-Based Bilateral Filtering on GPU 基于显著性的GPU双边滤波稳定快速几何夸张

IF 3.6 3区计算机科学

IEEE Access Pub Date : 2025-08-29 DOI: 10.1109/ACCESS.2025.3604061

Jong-Hyun Kim

引用次数: 0

Deployment and Performance Evaluation of 5G Private Networks, Enabling Use Cases in Rural Remote Areas 5G专网部署与性能评估，实现农村偏远地区用例

IF 3.6 3区计算机科学

IEEE Access Pub Date : 2025-08-29 DOI: 10.1109/ACCESS.2025.3603591

Maria Raftopoulou;Muhammad Faheem Awan;Alejandro Ramírez-Arroyo;Mehmet Izzet Sağlam;Ljupco Jorguseski;Floris Drijver;Paweł Maćkowiak;Maria Rita Palattella

{"title":"Deployment and Performance Evaluation of 5G Private Networks, Enabling Use Cases in Rural Remote Areas","authors":"Maria Raftopoulou;Muhammad Faheem Awan;Alejandro Ramírez-Arroyo;Mehmet Izzet Sağlam;Ljupco Jorguseski;Floris Drijver;Paweł Maćkowiak;Maria Rita Palattella","doi":"10.1109/ACCESS.2025.3603591","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2025.3603591","url":null,"abstract":"Rural remote areas have unique challenges for providing reliable and high-speed cellular connectivity, which makes them unattractive for mobile network operators. The Horizon Europe COMMECT project has addressed connectivity in rural remote areas by 5G private network deployments, which so far have mainly been studied and deployed in industrial environment. The evaluation of the 5G private network deployments is conducted through field trials in four different environment, each of them characterized by different challenges and aiming to support different agro-forestry use cases. In particular, the evaluations relate to 1) indoor environments (e.g. hospitals and educational centers), 2) forestry, 3) livestock transportation, and 4) mines. The obtained results showcase that 5G private networks can support the proposed use cases. For example, in indoor environments, a downlink and uplink throughput of 700 Mbps and 50 Mbps, respectively, were measured, which are sufficient to enable e.g. remote monitoring of hospital patients. Moreover, it was measured that at least 10 Mbps in the uplink can be achieved for up to 300 m deep in the forest. The 10 Mbps target is also met in the farm location, including a satellite backhaul, which can enable e.g. the use case of (un)loading livestock from/to the truck. Additionally, throughput of more than 100 Mbps was measured at the mine location, which is sufficient to enhance safety by e.g. operating autonomous vehicles.","PeriodicalId":13079,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Access","volume":"13 ","pages":"154581-154598"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11143165","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145021446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0