IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Signal Processing最新文献

Exploiting Spatial Multiplexing Based on Pixel Antennas: An Antenna Coding Approach 基于像素天线的空间复用：一种天线编码方法

IF 13.7 1区工程技术

IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Signal Processing Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-26 DOI: 10.1109/JSTSP.2026.3657637

Zixiang Han;Shanpu Shen;Ross Murch

{"title":"Exploiting Spatial Multiplexing Based on Pixel Antennas: An Antenna Coding Approach","authors":"Zixiang Han;Shanpu Shen;Ross Murch","doi":"10.1109/JSTSP.2026.3657637","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JSTSP.2026.3657637","url":null,"abstract":"An antenna coding approach for exploiting the spatial multiplexing capability of pixel antennas is proposed. This approach can leverage additional degrees of freedom in the beamspace domain to transmit more information streams. Pixel antennas are a general reconfigurable antenna design where a radiating structure with arbitrary shape and size can be discretized into sub-wavelength elements called pixels. The adjacent pixels are connected by radio frequency switches. By controlling the switch states, the pixel antenna topology can be flexibly adjusted so that the resulting radiation pattern can be reconfigured for beamspace spatial multiplexing. In this work, we introduce the antenna coder and pattern coder for pixel antennas, provide a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication system model with antenna coding in the beamspace domain, and derive the spectral efficiency. Utilizing the antenna coder, the radiation pattern of the pixel antenna is analyzed and efficient optimization algorithms are provided for antenna coding design. Numerical simulation results show that the proposed technique using pixel antennas can enhance spectral efficiency of 4-by-4 MIMO by up to 12 bits/s/Hz, or equivalently reduce the required transmit power by up to 90%, when compared to conventional MIMO, demonstrating the effectiveness of the antenna coding technique in spectral efficiency enhancement and its promise for future sixth generation (6G) wireless communication.","PeriodicalId":13038,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Signal Processing","volume":"20 3","pages":"233-246"},"PeriodicalIF":13.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148104092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Quantum-Inspired Generic Optimization for Multiuser Fluid-MIMO Communications and Sensing: Joint Port Selection and Beamforming 多用户流体mimo通信和传感的量子启发通用优化：联合端口选择和波束形成

IF 13.7 1区工程技术

IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Signal Processing Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-18 DOI: 10.1109/JSTSP.2026.3675440

Niancong Ji;Gan Zheng

{"title":"Quantum-Inspired Generic Optimization for Multiuser Fluid-MIMO Communications and Sensing: Joint Port Selection and Beamforming","authors":"Niancong Ji;Gan Zheng","doi":"10.1109/JSTSP.2026.3675440","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JSTSP.2026.3675440","url":null,"abstract":"With fluid multiple-input multiple-output (Fluid-MIMO) emerging as a promising technology for next-generation systems, jointly selecting transmit or receive ports and designing multiuser beamforming becomes a key challenge. Although beamforming with fixed port selection is tractable, their strong coupling results in a high-dimensional, nonconvex combinatorial problem that limits the scalability of conventional methods. To address this, this paper proposes a generic quantum-inspired optimization framework based on quadratic unconstrained binary optimization (QUBO) modeling to jointly optimize port selection and beamforming. Specifically, considering the objective function involves complex sub-problems, we formulate the overall task as a black-box binary optimization problem. To solve this, we propose a Taylor-based approximation technique to locally model the objective as a tractable QUBO form. This allows the leverage of the simulated bifurcation (SB) solver for efficient parallel search. We verify our proposed algorithm for three typical objectives: sum rate maximization, signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) balancing and sensing signal-clutter-noise ratio (SCNR) maximization. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm converges rapidly within 10 iterations. In a dense 10-user system, it outperforms the simulated annealing (SA) baseline by 10.1% in sum rate and 53.1% in minimum SINR. Furthermore, it achieves a 27.4% SCNR gain over SA under a 10 dB communication constraint.","PeriodicalId":13038,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Signal Processing","volume":"20 3","pages":"324-338"},"PeriodicalIF":13.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148104160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Efficient Video Representation via Hybrid Key Frame Reconstruction: A Test-Time Data Augmentation Approach 基于混合关键帧重建的高效视频表示：一种测试时间数据增强方法

IF 13.7 1区工程技术

IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Signal Processing Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-27 DOI: 10.1109/JSTSP.2025.3626256

Juncheng Hu;Yuqi Feng;Honghao Huang;Hongwei Chen;Kedi Lyu

{"title":"Efficient Video Representation via Hybrid Key Frame Reconstruction: A Test-Time Data Augmentation Approach","authors":"Juncheng Hu;Yuqi Feng;Honghao Huang;Hongwei Chen;Kedi Lyu","doi":"10.1109/JSTSP.2025.3626256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JSTSP.2025.3626256","url":null,"abstract":"Aiming at the quality and credibility of video reconstruction in dynamic coded time-domain compressed imaging, we propose a Key Frames Assisted Hybrid Compressive Video Reconstruction with Test-time Data Augmentation (KH-TTA). Our method integrates a dual-mode sampling architecture combining long-exposure compressed frames with short-exposure key frames, coupled with a depth-expanded reconstruction network enhanced by spatial-temporal transformation strategies (including axis flipping and rotational operations across spatial-temporal dimensions). Through Monte Carlo approximation of posterior distribution sampling, the framework achieves statistical fusion of reconstruction outcomes with simultaneous uncertainty quantification. Comprehensive experiments demonstrate that KH-TTA establishes new state-of-the-art performance in both simulated and hardware-validated systems, showing significant improvements over existing methods with PSNR, SSIM, and LPIPS metrics improved by up to 1.01 <inline-formula><tex-math>$text{dB}$</tex-math></inline-formula> (PSNR), 0.0074 (SSIM), and 12.9% (LPIPS). The proposed uncertainty estimation mechanism exhibits exceptional reliability in complex texture regions (<italic>e.g., edge transitions and textual elements), achieving an error-standard deviation correlation coefficient of 0.85. Our method does not need to modify the model structure and optimizes the computational efficiency through parallelization, which provides a new idea for trustworthy video reconstruction in security-critical scenarios.","PeriodicalId":13038,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Signal Processing","volume":"20 3","pages":"407-418"},"PeriodicalIF":13.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148104089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dual-End Fluid Antennas for Robust Anti-Jamming in Low-Altitude Air-Ground Communications 面向低空地空通信鲁棒抗干扰的双端流体天线

IF 13.7 1区工程技术

IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Signal Processing Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-20 DOI: 10.1109/JSTSP.2026.3666647

Yifan Guo;Junshan Luo;Fanggang Wang;Haiyang Ding;Shilian Wang;Zhenhai Xu

{"title":"Dual-End Fluid Antennas for Robust Anti-Jamming in Low-Altitude Air-Ground Communications","authors":"Yifan Guo;Junshan Luo;Fanggang Wang;Haiyang Ding;Shilian Wang;Zhenhai Xu","doi":"10.1109/JSTSP.2026.3666647","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JSTSP.2026.3666647","url":null,"abstract":"This paper addresses the challenge of co-channel interference and intentional jamming in low-altitude air-ground communications. Since conventional fixed-position antenna (FPA) systems lack spatial adaptability to dynamically balance signal enhancement against interference suppression, we propose a transformative fluid antenna system (FAS)-assisted heterogeneous dual-layer transmission architecture. Specifically, a terrestrial base station with FPA serves ground users, while a low altitude-serving base station equipped with FAS communicates with the aerial user, also equipped with FAS, under the attack of a malicious jammer. We formulate a worst-case achievable rate maximization problem for aerial user subject to constraints including quality-of-service for terrestrial users, imperfect jamming directions, minimum antenna separation, etc. To address the non-convex problem, we propose a fractional programming-block coordinate descent algorithm that alternately optimizes the transmit precoders, receive combiner, and antenna positions at both transceiver sides. Convex hull-based approach and geometric boundary method are used to handle the jamming uncertainty and antenna placement constraints in confined spatial regions, respectively. Extensive simulations validate significant performance gains. The FAS achieves up to 66% higher data rates than FPA under equivalent power constraints. Strategic antenna repositioning demonstrably enhances signal quality while suppressing interference, maintaining robustness across diverse jammer channel uncertainties.","PeriodicalId":13038,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Signal Processing","volume":"20 3","pages":"277-293"},"PeriodicalIF":13.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148104132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Power Minimization for Fluid Antenna-Assisted Downlink Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access Systems 流体天线辅助下行非正交多址系统的功率最小化

IF 13.7 1区工程技术

IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Signal Processing Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-04-06 DOI: 10.1109/JSTSP.2026.3678746

Haoran Pang;Fei Ji;Miaowen Wen;Zhiguo Ding

{"title":"Power Minimization for Fluid Antenna-Assisted Downlink Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access Systems","authors":"Haoran Pang;Fei Ji;Miaowen Wen;Zhiguo Ding","doi":"10.1109/JSTSP.2026.3678746","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JSTSP.2026.3678746","url":null,"abstract":"The fluid antenna (FA) has recently gained prominence as a promising technique for reconfiguring wireless channels by adjusting its position within a finite space. In this paper, we study a downlink FA-assisted non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) system, where the base station (BS) is equipped with multiple fixed-position antennas to serve users and each user is equipped with a single FA. Our goal is to minimize the total transmit power at the BS by jointly optimizing the beamforming vectors and the positions of the FAs at the users under the constraint of the minimum achievable rate for each user. To tackle the formulated non-convex problem, alternating optimization is applied, where the transmit beamforming optimization is performed by using the semi-definite relaxation (SDR) technique. A novel sub-optimal optimization based on the fractional programming (FP) technique and projected gradient descent (PGD) method is proposed for designing the positions of the FAs. Then, the proposed method for solving the positions of the FAs is implemented in the single-input single-output (SISO) special scenario. Thanks to the simplicity of the SISO scenario, we derive a closed-form expression for the transmit power coefficients concerning the positions of the FAs at the users, which inspires us to develop a PGD-based low-complexity algorithm. Furthermore, our investigation reveals valuable insights into the SISO FA-assisted NOMA system. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithms significantly reduce the transmit power in both SISO and multiple-input single-output (MISO) scenarios compared to benchmark schemes.","PeriodicalId":13038,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Signal Processing","volume":"20 3","pages":"309-323"},"PeriodicalIF":13.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148104173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

On the Posterior Gap in Plug & Play Diffusion Methods for Sparse-View Computed Tomography 稀疏视图计算机断层扫描即插即用扩散方法的后间隙研究

IF 13.7 1区工程技术

IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Signal Processing Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-29 DOI: 10.1109/JSTSP.2026.3659332

Liam Moroy;Guillaume Bourmaud;Frédéric Champagnat;Jean-François Giovannelli

{"title":"On the Posterior Gap in Plug & Play Diffusion Methods for Sparse-View Computed Tomography","authors":"Liam Moroy;Guillaume Bourmaud;Frédéric Champagnat;Jean-François Giovannelli","doi":"10.1109/JSTSP.2026.3659332","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JSTSP.2026.3659332","url":null,"abstract":"Recent advances in conditional diffusion models have demonstrated impressive performance on inverse problems such as Sparse-View Computed Tomography (SVCT), typically evaluated using estimation error metrics like PSNR or SSIM. However, in ultra-sparse regimes, where the number of projections is extremely limited, the sinogram is weakly informative resulting in high variability in posterior samples. This is especially true in applications involving dynamic phenomena, such as imaging the exhaust gas from a nozzle, where only a handful of projections can be captured simultaneously. In this context, evaluation based solely on estimation error (<italic>e.g. PSNR/SSIM) is no longer adequate. To address this limitation and complement the PSNR/SSIM evaluation, we propose to evaluate the Posterior Gap (PG), which measures the discrepancy between the true posterior distribution and the approximation induced by a given generative model. We introduce a practical framework for PG estimation using only prior samples, the observation model, and posterior samples. We consider three state-of-the-art Plug & Play diffusion models DPS, <inline-formula><tex-math>$bm{Pi }$</tex-math></inline-formula>G, and FPS. Since DPS includes a sensitive hyperparameter, we present a simple calibration strategy to reduce the PG. Our study benchmarks DPS, <inline-formula><tex-math>$bm{Pi }$</tex-math></inline-formula>G and FPS across three SVCT datasets. Results show that when carefully calibrated, DPS outperforms FPS and <inline-formula><tex-math>$bm{Pi }$</tex-math></inline-formula>G. By complementing traditional metrics, our evaluation protocol offers a more comprehensive understanding of reconstruction performance, particularly in severely ill-posed regimes such as dynamic gas imaging with six or fewer projections.","PeriodicalId":13038,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Signal Processing","volume":"20 3","pages":"419-433"},"PeriodicalIF":13.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148104165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Guest Editorial: Special Issue on Advancing Signal Processing Algorithms for Fluid Antenna Systems (FAS) 特邀评论：流体天线系统（FAS）信号处理算法的改进

IF 13.7 1区工程技术

IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Signal Processing Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-06-01 DOI: 10.1109/JSTSP.2026.3681342

Zhen Chen;Kai-Kit Wong;Wee Kiat New;Hao Xu;Constantinos B. Papadias;Athina P. Petropulu;Björn Ottersten;Arman Shojaeifard;Kang Kang

引用次数: 0

Meta-Fluid Antenna-Enabled Multi-User ISAC: Architecture Implementation, Algorithm Design, and Full-Wave Validation 元流体天线支持的多用户ISAC：架构实现，算法设计和全波验证

IF 13.7 1区工程技术

IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Signal Processing Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-19 DOI: 10.1109/JSTSP.2026.3666297

Dingfei Ma;Baiyang Liu;Junxiang Yang;Yi Fang;Tuo Wu;Kin-Fai Tong

{"title":"Meta-Fluid Antenna-Enabled Multi-User ISAC: Architecture Implementation, Algorithm Design, and Full-Wave Validation","authors":"Dingfei Ma;Baiyang Liu;Junxiang Yang;Yi Fang;Tuo Wu;Kin-Fai Tong","doi":"10.1109/JSTSP.2026.3666297","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JSTSP.2026.3666297","url":null,"abstract":"This paper introduces a novel meta-fluid antenna (MFA) architecture for multi-user integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) systems. For <italic>architecture implementation, we propose a PIN diode-integrated substrate-integrated waveguide (SIW) structure that enables dynamic antenna reconfiguration through electronic control. The design features 120 independently controllable elements arranged in a <inline-formula><tex-math>$7lambda times 4lambda$</tex-math></inline-formula> array, achieving efficient radiation control (13.5 dB in ON state, 0.5 dB in OFF state) while maintaining single radio-frequency (RF) chain simplicity. In terms of <italic>algorithm design, we develop two key innovations: a sparsity-driven inverse scattering algorithm for high-resolution sensing, and a single-RF multi-pattern activation (SRMPA) scheme for intelligent interference management in multi-user scenarios. The SRMPA scheme dynamically optimizes antenna activation patterns without requiring complex precoding or additional RF chains, while the inverse scattering algorithm enables accurate reconstruction of spatial information from limited measurements. Through <italic>full-wave validation, we comprehensively evaluate the system using three-dimensional electromagnetic simulations at 26.5 GHz. The results demonstrate exceptional sensing performance, achieving a peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) of up to 21.81 dB and a structural similarity index measure (SSIM) of 0.94. Additionally, significant improvements are observed in key communication metrics, including reduced outage probability and enhanced multiplexing gain. These findings establish the proposed MFA-enabled multi-user ISAC architecture as a practical solution for future ultra-dense wireless networks, particularly within the evolving landscape of sixth-generation (6G) wireless communication.","PeriodicalId":13038,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Signal Processing","volume":"20 3","pages":"247-261"},"PeriodicalIF":13.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148104174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hybrid Codebook Design for Localization Using Electromagnetically Reconfigurable Fluid Antenna System 基于电磁可重构流体天线系统的混合码本定位设计

IF 13.7 1区工程技术

IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Signal Processing Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-12 DOI: 10.1109/JSTSP.2026.3673038

Alireza Fadakar;Yuchen Zhang;Hui Chen;Musa Furkan Keskin;Henk Wymeersch;Andreas F. Molisch

{"title":"Hybrid Codebook Design for Localization Using Electromagnetically Reconfigurable Fluid Antenna System","authors":"Alireza Fadakar;Yuchen Zhang;Hui Chen;Musa Furkan Keskin;Henk Wymeersch;Andreas F. Molisch","doi":"10.1109/JSTSP.2026.3673038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JSTSP.2026.3673038","url":null,"abstract":"Electromagnetically reconfigurable fluid antenna system (ER-FAS) introduces additional degrees of freedom in the electromagnetic (EM) domain by dynamically steering perantenna radiation patterns, thereby enhancing power efficiency in wireless links. Unlike prior works on spatially reconfigurable FAS, which adjust element positions, ER-FAS provides direct control over each element's EM characteristics to realize ondemand beampattern shaping. While existing studies have exploited ER-FAS to boost spectral efficiency, this paper explores its application for downlink localization. We consider a multiple-input single-output (MISO) system in which a multiantenna ER-FAS at the base station serves a singleantenna user equipment (UE). We consider two reconfigurability paradigms: (i) a synthesis model where each antenna generates desired beampatterns from a finite set of EM basis functions, and (ii) a finite-state selection model in which each antenna selects a pattern from a predefined set of patterns. For both paradigms, we formulate the joint baseband (BB) and EM precoder design to minimize the UE position error bound. In the synthesis case we derive low-dimensional closed-form expressions for both the BB and EM precoders. For the finite-state model we obtain closed-form BB structures and propose a low-complexity block-coordinate-descent algorithm for EM pattern selection. Analytical bounds and extensive simulations show that the proposed hybrid designs for ER-FAS substantially improve UE positioning accuracy over traditional non-reconfigurable arrays.","PeriodicalId":13038,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Signal Processing","volume":"20 3","pages":"371-388"},"PeriodicalIF":13.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11430220","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148104152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fluid Antennas for Non-Monotonic THz-WPT With Channel Estimation Errors 具有信道估计误差的非单调太赫兹- wpt流体天线

IF 13.7 1区工程技术

IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Signal Processing Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-30 DOI: 10.1109/JSTSP.2026.3678758

Triantafyllos Mavrovoltsos;Eleni Demarchou;Constantinos Psomas;Ioannis Krikidis

{"title":"Fluid Antennas for Non-Monotonic THz-WPT With Channel Estimation Errors","authors":"Triantafyllos Mavrovoltsos;Eleni Demarchou;Constantinos Psomas;Ioannis Krikidis","doi":"10.1109/JSTSP.2026.3678758","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JSTSP.2026.3678758","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, we explore a terahertz (THz) wireless power transfer (WPT) system. Since traditional Schottky diodes may be inefficient for THz rectification, we focus on a resonant tunneling diode (RTD)-based rectifier. Such rectifiers are generally characterized by a non-monotonic energy harvesting (EH) behavior, where an increase in input power may not necessarily correspond to higher levels of harvested power. To this end, we propose the exploitation of fluid antennas (FAs) to align the non-monotonic rectification of RTDs with favorable channel realizations. More specifically, a generalized piecewise linear function is adopted in order to approximate the instantaneous input-output power relationship. Based on this, we derive an analytical framework in terms of the energy outage probability and the average harvested power for three FA port selection policies, namely (i) the input-based selection, (ii) the harvesting-based selection, and (iii) the random selection, each corresponding to different performance. The impact of channel estimation errors on the port selection strategies is then examined, revealing a trade-off between the number of estimated ports and harvested power. To further improve EH performance, we introduce a new receiver architecture featuring a power splitter, multiple RTD-based EH circuits and a DC combiner. Based on this, we provide two dynamic power splitting schemes tailored to avoid inefficient rectification regions. Numerical results which validate our analysis, reveal a novel utilization of FAs, stemming from the alignment of the port selection process with the non-monotonic harvesting characteristics. Finally, our findings demonstrate that the proposed receiver architecture can yield significant gains in harvested power.","PeriodicalId":13038,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Signal Processing","volume":"20 3","pages":"339-353"},"PeriodicalIF":13.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148104157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0