Physical Ergonomics and Human Factors最新文献

{"title":"The physical load of the Human body during Motion with BP Neural Network","authors":"Biyun Zhou, Xue Lihao, Xiaopeng Liu, Q. Yang, Liangsheng Ma, Li Ding","doi":"10.54941/ahfe1002613","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1002613","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Unreasonable tasks will increase the person’s physical load, leading to safety accidents and occupational diseases. To ensure a reasonable physical load and improve the operational efficiency of the person as far as possible, it is necessary to predict and evaluate the physical load of workers in real-time.Objective: A prediction model of the physical load intensity of the human body based on a neural network was established, and its effectiveness was verified.Methods: Twelve volunteers completed four movements walking, jogging, climbing, and jumping. The surface electromyography (sEMG) on the left and right sides of the rectus femoris and biceps femoris was measured, and the motor posture of volunteers was obtained by Vicon, the joint torque, maximum muscle activity, and muscular force parameters were calculated based on the reverse dynamic model of human motion. The sEMG eigenvalue and mechanical load parameters in different postures were considered input and output, respectively, and 80% of all data were used as the training set and the rest as the validation set.Results: In this study, we found that the hip joint, knee joint, and ankle joint have a sizeable joint torque during movement, in which the joint torque of the ankle joint is the largest and twice human body weight at its peak. Besides, a larger muscle load occurs at the beginning and end of contact between the human foot and the ground, and the muscle strength of the rectus femoris was significantly higher than that of the biceps femoris (p<0.05). The number of neurons in the input layer, an output layer, and a hidden layer of the model is 32, 13, and 12, respectively. This study found that the prediction error of maximum muscle activity was 6.4%. The average prediction error of joint torque was 8.7%, and the prediction error of the muscular force of the rectus femoris muscle was no more than 9.5%. This model can reasonably predict the physical load of the human body.Conclusions: A workload evaluation model based on the BP neural network was established in this research, which can analyze the biomechanics of the human body in motion and judge the human body’s physical load effectively according to the EMG signal.Application: This model can measure the body load of soldiers and firefighters in real-time during task training and provide a reference for task design.","PeriodicalId":130337,"journal":{"name":"Physical Ergonomics and Human Factors","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125538076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physical, Psychophysical and Demographic Changes Require Automated and Autonomous Machines & Equipment (AAM&E) in Construction","authors":"Sang D. Choi, James G Borchardt","doi":"10.54941/ahfe1002603","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1002603","url":null,"abstract":"Construction is one of the most dangerous with high prevalence of work-related fatalities and injuries among the high-risk industrial sectors. Concurrently, the construction industry is experiencing workforce demographic changes and shortages of skilled trade/construction workers. This paper provides an overview of the shifting construction workforce and the benefits & exposures from the evolving automated and autonomous machines & equipment (AAM&E) under development for the construction industry. Specifically, this paper describes a synopsis of design methodology and principles of AAM&E associated with human-related factors (e.g., self-efficacy, mental/cognitive workload, situation awareness). Also, this paper discusses potential practical applications and insights on the human-machine interaction/collaboration and key factors for building trust in human-robot teamwork (e.g., rule-based framework, transparency/feedback, observation, predictability). This paper can assist human factors & ergonomics (HFE) and safety professionals who may not be current with this evolving AAM&E technology to pre-plan and design control methods into industrial and construction projects.","PeriodicalId":130337,"journal":{"name":"Physical Ergonomics and Human Factors","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129726069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychological conditions for the development of stress resistance in specialists of different age categories","authors":"O. Kravchenko, M. Mishchenko, O. Soroka, Y. Teptiuk, O. Safin, O.O. Andrusyk, O. Timchenko, Vitalii Khrystenko","doi":"10.54941/ahfe1002604","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1002604","url":null,"abstract":"The article identifies the psychological conditions of development of social workers of different ages. The peculiarities of the development of stress resistance of social workers of different age groups, its structural components have been empirically studied and their relationship with psychological conditions has been established. The effectiveness of the development program of activating the psychological conditions for the development of stress tolerance of social workers of different ages has been experimentally tested.","PeriodicalId":130337,"journal":{"name":"Physical Ergonomics and Human Factors","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126490860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fixation analysis of affective picture processing in aggressive adolescent","authors":"Diana Pacheco, Andrea Argudo-Vásconez, Patricia Margarita Ortega Chasi, M. Cobos, Omar Alvarado","doi":"10.54941/ahfe1003035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1003035","url":null,"abstract":"Aggressiveness is an emotional state associated with physical or verbal violence or destruction towards others or oneself. Aggressive behaviors in adolescents are a frequent reason of consultation in mental health care services because it generates negative consequences in the life of the person and their environment, in addition, it increases the probability of school dropout, psychiatric disorders and substance abuse. The study contemplates the presentation of images with positive valence and images with negative valence of the set IAPS to 60 adolescents who were previously evaluated with CAPI-A test, divided into 30 adolescents with aggression and 30 without aggression. The results were analyzed through an eye tracker and indicate the existence of bias in the visual attention of aggressive adolescents towards negative stimuli, while that non-aggressive adolescents tend to focus on positive stimuli.","PeriodicalId":130337,"journal":{"name":"Physical Ergonomics and Human Factors","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124379147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anthropometric Evaluation of University Classroom Furniture","authors":"Ahamed Altaboli, Hana Aliskandarani, Ala Alshaikhi, Hager Alahmar, Ruwida Muttardi","doi":"10.54941/ahfe1003040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1003040","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this study is to evaluate four types of university classroom furniture. The methods of evaluation included the individual comparisons equations method and the percentile values method; both are anthropometric methods. The third method is a questionnaire-based subjective evaluation method aiming at studying students’ satisfaction. The evaluated furniture dimensions were seat height, seat depth, seat width, backrest height, desk height and underneath desk height. The measured anthropometric dimensions were stature, hip breadth, elbow rest height, shoulder height, knee height, popliteal height and buttock-popliteal length. They were collected from 80 students (half males, aged between 20 to 39 years). The individual comparisons method showed relatively lower percentages of match between the furniture dimensions and student anthropometry. While, the percentile values method showed relatively high percentages of accommodation. Results of the questionnaire showed that the majority of students were satisfied with their preferred designs.","PeriodicalId":130337,"journal":{"name":"Physical Ergonomics and Human Factors","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132575039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ergonomics Evaluation Methods for Civil Aircraft Cockpit Layout","authors":"Xinyang Zhu, Yang Zhou","doi":"10.54941/ahfe1002589","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1002589","url":null,"abstract":"The design of aircraft cockpits tends to gradually become more and more human-centered, and the role of pilot in the cockpit has also been given more important responsibilities other than just flying the airplane. Therefore, the ergonomic design of the cockpit will largely affect the work efficiency and workload of the pilot, which can in turn affect the safety of the flight. In this paper, the objectives, objects and criteria of ergonomic evaluation of cockpit layout are defined, and the general evaluation process is put forward. In addition, this paper introduces several different ergonomics evaluation methods for civil aircraft cockpit layout, and recommends suitable evaluation methods according to the characteristics of the evaluation objects in different development phases of the cockpit.","PeriodicalId":130337,"journal":{"name":"Physical Ergonomics and Human Factors","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130949007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An integrated FUCOM-ARAS model for ergonomic risk assessment","authors":"Şura Toptancı","doi":"10.54941/ahfe1003030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1003030","url":null,"abstract":"Many workers suffer from occupational musculoskeletal disorders and mental burdens in workplaces. A number of ergonomic risk factors such as human-related, cognitive, and physical contribute to inducing these burdens in the workplaces. Thus, ergonomic risk assessment is conducted to determine these risk factors and to reduce their negative effects by providing safer and healthy working environments. The aim of this study is to introduce a new ergonomic risk assessment approach for revealing the most important ergonomic risk factors and the worker who is most affected by these risk factors while performing tasks in a distribution center. For this reason, an integrated multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) model which consists of the Full Consistency Method (FUCOM) and Additive Ratio Assessment (ARAS) methods to achieve the purpose of the study has been developed in this study. The FUCOM method is applied to calculate the weights of human-related, cognitive, and physical risk factors, separately. Then, the ARAS method is used to determine which worker has more exposed to ergonomic risks. This study can contribute to occupational safety managements of the companies to conduct more systematic ergonomic risk assessment activities and prepare effective ergonomic improvement programs.","PeriodicalId":130337,"journal":{"name":"Physical Ergonomics and Human Factors","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127210959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of double gloves on hands temperature and blood volume changes at low temperature: A Case Study","authors":"M. Młynarczyk, J. Orysiak, E. Irzmańska, P. Prus, Elżbieta Łastowiecka-Moras","doi":"10.54941/ahfe1002619","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1002619","url":null,"abstract":"A young, healthy man wore the selected protective clothing and double gloves, which met the requirements of EN 511 standard. The selected manual tasks (e.g., Valpar Component Work Samples 1 - VCWS 1 Small Tools (Mechanical) (Bases of Virginia, LLC, USA)) were performed in a climatic chamber at low temperature (-1 degrees Celsius; 30.2 degrees Fahrenheit).Before entering and after exiting the chamber, changes in finger temperature and blood volume were determined using an infrared thermographic camera and plethysmograph. A decrease in both finger and hand temperature was observed after exposure to cold. In conclusion, the impact of low environment temperature (1h exposure) on the reduction of finger and hand skin temperature was significant. Even properly selected protective gloves, allowing for simultaneous performance of manual tasks, did not prevent the decline in hand and finger temperature. The low environment temperature (1h exposure) has a negative effect on hand and finger skin temperature, despite the use of appropriately selected protective gloves.","PeriodicalId":130337,"journal":{"name":"Physical Ergonomics and Human Factors","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114187397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design and Verification Methodology of the Pilot's View of Civil Aircraft Non-openable window","authors":"Feng Zhixiang, Yuhe Mao","doi":"10.54941/ahfe1003038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1003038","url":null,"abstract":"The design goal of Pilot compartment view is to provide the necessary view for the safe flight of the crew under any scenario.For non-openable window aircraft,the design and verification of pilot’s view are summarized into three levels by establishing fault trees with insufficient pilot’s view,and specific design considerations and verification methods are proposed for each level.","PeriodicalId":130337,"journal":{"name":"Physical Ergonomics and Human Factors","volume":"284 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122970876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Musculoskeletal and work practice survey of chainsaw users in the New Zealand forest industry","authors":"M. Boocock, L. Ashby, R. Parker","doi":"10.54941/ahfe1003036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1003036","url":null,"abstract":"Forestry is one of the most dangerous occupations globally, and manual work involving the use of chainsaws present a significant health risk to its workers. Over the last 10 years, there have been 810 chainsaw-related incidents reported in the New Zealand (NZ) forest industry. The aim of this study was to undertake a survey of chainsaw operators in NZ to obtain information on the risks associated chainsaw use, the prevalence of self-reported musculoskeletal complaints, and opinions on the safe use and design of chainsaws and corresponding safety equipment. An anonymised, electronic questionnaire survey was distributed to forest companies by forest sector organisations. The questionnaire was divided into three main components: 1) demographics; 2) self-reported musculoskeletal disorders (a modified version of the Nordic musculoskeletal questionnaire); and 3) chainsaw-related accidents, injuries, and work practices. Descriptive statistics and parametric and non-parametric statistical tests were used to compare differences between frequent (used a chainsaw at least 2 or 3 times per week during the last 2 years) and infrequent chainsaw users. Fifty-seven workers responded to the questionnaire, which was considered a low response rate based on the size of the forest industry in NZ. Approximately 47% of respondents had a BMI of >30, classified as ‘obese’ based on the World Health Organisations BMI classification. Low back pain (51%) was the most frequently reported complaint over the last 12 months, followed by shoulders (36.8%), hands/wrists (33.3%) and knees (31.6%). Approximately 65% of all respondents considered their musculoskeletal symptoms were due to work and 60% felt the injury had restricted their normal work activities to some extent. Frequent chainsaw users did report slightly higher prevalence rates of musculoskeletal complaints across most body parts during the last 12 months. The risk factors considered to add to the physical workload and risk of MSD in chainsaw operators were: “bending over all day”; the repetitive nature of the work; the weight of equipment carried in addition to the chainsaw (e.g. first aid kit, safety chaps, fuel cans, oil, wedges); slips, trips and falls when walking between trees; and limited training opportunities for improving techniques and working postures. The high prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal conditions and the multifaceted nature of risk factors presents unique challenges to improving the health status of NZ forest workers. Interventions should consider a range of individual, physical, psychosocial, and work organisational approaches. Beyond modification to work practices, further consideration should be given to educating and promoting a healthy lifestyle among these workers. Frequent chainsaw users do appear to be at increased risk of musculoskeletal complaints. Some caution is needed when interpreting findings from the survey as the estimated overall response rate was considered low.","PeriodicalId":130337,"journal":{"name":"Physical Ergonomics and Human Factors","volume":"76 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125492637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}