Physical Ergonomics and Human Factors最新文献

{"title":"The effects of flash frequency and amount of information in mitigating the effects of fatigue","authors":"Xiaoyan Zhang, Hongjun Xue","doi":"10.54941/ahfe1002605","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1002605","url":null,"abstract":"Fatigue is a crucial factor related to aviation safety and is likely to result in negative impacts in cockpit operation tasks, especially for warning information recognition in emergency situations. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of sleep deprivation induced fatigue on task performance of warning recognition tasks, and how the above effects were moderated by two presentation characteristics of warning information (i.e., flash frequency and amount of information). Nine participants participated in an experiment in which they performed warning recognition tasks under both normal and fatigue conditions. Fatigue condition was induced by one night of sleep deprivation. Flash frequency ranged from 1 to 5 HZ in increments of 1 HZ, while amount of information was indicated by the number of information elements and ranged from 3 to 5. The results indicated that sleep deprivation induced fatigue and overload information amount impaired performance significantly, while flash frequency yielded no significant effect on human performance in fatigue condition. Besides, fatigue interacted with amount of information. Interestingly, in fatigue condition when the information amount raised up to 5, the response time significantly decreased by 100ms compared with 4, while in normal condition the response time increased with the information amount increasing. The findings suggested that fatigue and overload information amount are risk factors of aviation safety, and flash frequency has no mitigating effect under fatigue condition.","PeriodicalId":130337,"journal":{"name":"Physical Ergonomics and Human Factors","volume":"268 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115666662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of the backpack load on students’ discomfort","authors":"Nutan Ashok Chougule, Aliuddin Ahmed, Yueqing Li","doi":"10.54941/ahfe1002590","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1002590","url":null,"abstract":"Backpacks are very useful in our day-to-day life, work, offices, and school. Especially students carry backpack to school every day with heavy loads of textbooks, notebooks, and laptop. This is an increasing concern of students carrying heavy backpacks in most countries. From the article of Huntsville Hospital, in the United States around 79 million students carry backpack to school. In 2007, more than 23,000 backpack-related injuries were treated at hospital rooms, physician offices and clinics. The load exerted from the backpack is one of the reasons of variations in the cervical and shoulder posture and it is suggested that carrying a backpack weighing 15% of body weight will be heavy for adults. This study evaluates the effect of backpack loads on the user discomfort in neck, shoulder, upper back, lower back, and knee during a walking activity. For this experiment, 12 participants were selected in the age group of between 18 to 21 years old from Lamar University. The backpack load which is exerted by the backpack was independent variable. As per the research, 15% of total weight of the body is the standard weight to carry the backpack during walking activity. Since, we have considered 10%, 15% and 20% weights of the backpack to the total body weight of participants. The user discomfort is considered as dependent variable. The walkway was embedded with three force plates with various backpack loads (10%, 15%, and 20%). Participants were told to walk on defined route for 10 minutes. After each task, participants had 5-minutes break and were asked to rate their discomfort level. The same procedure was carried out for all participants and measurement data were collected.The result showed a significant main effect of backpack load on the user discomfort of neck, shoulder, upper back, lower back and knee. The user discomfort with 20% load was significantly higher than that with 10% load for all 5 body parts. During the experiment, it was observed that female participant who weighs in range of 100-120 lbs. were experienced most discomfort and not able continue experiment when the weight of the backpack was more than 15% of the total body weight. Whereas the participants with the range of body weight around 160-180 lbs. experienced less discomfort in their neck and shoulder throughout the experiment. In conclusion, the research found that the backpack load significantly affects the user discomfort when student walk carrying the backpack. The research should have practical meaning to decide the appropriate weight of the students’ backpack and develop a more user-friendly design.","PeriodicalId":130337,"journal":{"name":"Physical Ergonomics and Human Factors","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124991570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Musculoskeletal Risk Level among Health Professionals of a Health Entity","authors":"W. Hernandez, Sandra Bibiana Avendaño Avendaño, Luis Gabriel Gutierrez","doi":"10.54941/ahfe1002618","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1002618","url":null,"abstract":"The level of musculoskeletal risk in upper limbs was determined in five areas where health professionals of a health entity in Bogotá-Colombia practice. The essential duties in the Medicine, Bacteriology, Dentistry, Physiotherapy, and Nursing spaces were selected through interviews with employees; the RULA approach was then used to establish the most critical components and the final score. At the level of the neck, shoulders, and wrists, forced postures were the variable that increased the score in areas such as dentistry, Bacteriology, and Physiotherapy. In almost all areas, load handling and movements with high frequency were evidenced. The above findings guide the improvement actions, and the consideration of other factors to be reviewed is recommended.","PeriodicalId":130337,"journal":{"name":"Physical Ergonomics and Human Factors","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117332954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of the shoe heel height on lower-limb muscle activity","authors":"T. Mitsuno, A. Sugawara","doi":"10.54941/ahfe1002591","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1002591","url":null,"abstract":"Women often wear high-heeled shoes to make their feet look slender and tall. We focused on the muscle activity of the lower limbs and investigated how the presence or absence of shoes and the change in heel height affect the lower-limb muscles. The participants were eight women in their twenties, and the lower-limb muscle activity was measured while the participants wore running/low-heeled/high-heeled shoes. The surface myoelectric potential was measured for eight muscles around the knee/waist using a multi-channel telemeter as the participants walked on a treadmill. The root-mean-square myoelectric potential and thus muscle activity were significantly higher for bare feet than for wearing shoes. Additionally, there was no significant difference in muscle activity between low-heeled and high-heeled shoes, but the activity was less for these shoes than for running shoes. Thus, as the heel height in-creased, the muscle activity around the knee decreased whereas that around the lumbar spine increased.","PeriodicalId":130337,"journal":{"name":"Physical Ergonomics and Human Factors","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127963293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling of changes in lumbar joint stiffness by pelvic tightening based on physique and pelvic alignment","authors":"Michihiro Yoshida, Tanaka Takayuki, Yoshio Tsuchiya","doi":"10.54941/ahfe1002614","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1002614","url":null,"abstract":"We have been elucidated the mechanism by which pelvic belt reduces lumbar burden. Pelvic tightening increases the lumbar joint stiffness and inhibits the flexion of the lumbar spine in the forward bending. Flexion of the lumbar joint is substituted by the hip joint, which corrects the posture during forward bending and reduces the lumbar burden (lumbar joint torque). The level of the assisting effect of the tightening force has the individual difference, but at present, it is not clear what factors cause it. In this study, we develop a model that represents the assistance effect based on the physique such as height and weight, and the posture and shape of the pelvis and lumbar spine (pelvic alignment).This study developed a regression model that expresses the amount of change in joint stiffness due to tightening force, using the individual physique and pelvic alignment characteristics as input. The joint stiffness was estimated from motion measurement using optical motion capture and obtained from the equation of motion of the link model representing the human body. Pelvic alignment was measured by X-ray images, and five features were obtained: sacral inclination angle (SS angle), pelvic inclination angle (PT angle), inclination angle of the sacrum relative to the pelvis (PI angle), curvature of the lumbar lordosis, and pelvic aperture angle. Among these, the SS angle, PT angle, and PI angle were measured under two conditions: standing and 45 degrees forward bending and obtained a total of eight pelvic alignment features. In addition, height, weight, BMI, and back muscle strength were added as physique characteristics expressing body size and muscle strength, for a total of 12 variable measured. These features were measured on 15 subjects. Among the 12 features, three to four variables were input to the model by excluding those that were strongly correlated with each other and less capable of explaining changes in the target value, joint stiffness.From the proposed model, changes in joint stiffness could be estimated from pelvic alignment and physique characteristics. At large forward bending angles, we found that to obtain a high assistance effect, tilting of the sacrum anteriorly relative to the pelvis and forward tilting of pelvis is necessary. On the other hand, in the mild forward bending, the person who is higher body weight in addition to the forward tilt of the PT and PI angles tend to obtain higher assistive effect.","PeriodicalId":130337,"journal":{"name":"Physical Ergonomics and Human Factors","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128906423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding the Impact of Induced Stress on Team Coordination Strategy in Multi-user Environments.","authors":"Lokesh Singh, S. Ramchurn, Obaid Malik, Jediah R. Clark","doi":"10.54941/ahfe1002608","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1002608","url":null,"abstract":"Managing air traffic control, medical emergencies and multi-robot systems are prime cases where human teams have to work on complex tasks. In such cases, these teams are continuously working under stress induced by instability, complexity and time pressure. The success of such teams is primarily driven by effective team coordination. The objective of this study is to understand the impact of induced stress on human team coordination strategy. In this study, two online tasks were designed to induce stress in participants, one in single-user and the other in multi-user collaborative environments, measuring individual and collaborative teamwork performances respectively. Both experiments were conducted under induced time pressure and auditory distraction. Our analysis showed that team members prefer to switch between different strategies and thus, the coordination shifts from explicit to implicit coordination. However, in the single-user environment, the participant's performance was influenced by their competitor's performance, regardless of the participant's abilities. Future research will determine how these effects interact with physiological signals.","PeriodicalId":130337,"journal":{"name":"Physical Ergonomics and Human Factors","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117246663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stability assessment of electromagnetic pulse neck massagers","authors":"Yiteng Sun, Zhe-lin Li, Lijun Jiang","doi":"10.54941/ahfe1003029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1003029","url":null,"abstract":"Electromagnetic pulse massage mimics the current signal of human nerve fibers by conducting a weak current to the deeper layers of the skin, which makes the muscle fibers contract and imitates massage techniques such as pounding and kneading, thus achieving a relaxing effect on the cervical spine. Wearing stability of such products largely affects the effectiveness and comfort of massage. This paper aims to investigate the wearing stability and influencing factors of electromagnetic pulse neck massagers. Three representative neck massagers were used for testing, and subjective ratings of fit were collected from 58 participants (29 males, 29females), along with measurements of wearing slipping distance and neck dimensions. The results showed that females wore the neck massager significantly more loosely than males and had a longer slipping distance of 10.256mm. Moreover, the correlation analysis indicated that the wearing fit was strongly correlated with Middle Neck Width (MNW), moderately correlated with Middle Neck Girth (MNG), weakly correlated with Root Neck Girth (RNG) and Front Neck Length (FNL), which was a guideline for the design of size and grading for neck massages.","PeriodicalId":130337,"journal":{"name":"Physical Ergonomics and Human Factors","volume":"183 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125939579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ergonomic parameters considering physical workload for optimization models in manual order picking","authors":"T. Steinebach, J. Wakula, Heiko Diefenbach, C. Glock, E. Grosse","doi":"10.54941/ahfe1002611","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1002611","url":null,"abstract":"Order picking is a crucial contributor to corporate success within the value chain of companies. However, due to the high proportion of manual work, there is a risk of employees developing musculoskeletal disorders. In order to reduce this risk, it is vital to take ergonomics in planning concepts for order picking into account. For this purpose, ergonomic parameters are derived for picking from shelves and pallets in this paper on the basis of the EAWS screening method. The results are supported by data on postures and working conditions from practical surveys in four companies. The ergonomic parameters can subsequently be used in optimization models for order picking.","PeriodicalId":130337,"journal":{"name":"Physical Ergonomics and Human Factors","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129194716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Introduction of Distractions in Immersive Virtual Reality Laparoscopic Surgery Training – a Pilot Study","authors":"Xintong Wu, Tianren Luo, S. Xiong, Yuanyuan Liu, Meng Li","doi":"10.54941/ahfe1002607","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1002607","url":null,"abstract":"Reducing human errors by surgeons is of great importance to patient safety. The main drawback of current VR laparoscopic surgery training is that it only focuses on improving the proficiency of basic surgical skills while lacking the true representation of the busy and chaotic OR surroundings. Multiple distractions were introduced into this study to explore the influence on the laparoscopic surgery training process. A VR headset displayed a video of a laparoscopy procedure recorded by a 360° camera in a real OR, which contains various distractions occurring during the surgery. Ten surgical trainees performed a standardized training task in the virtual OR under both non-distractive and distractive conditions. Questionnaires, videos and semi-structured interviews were used to collect data. The results showed that the introduction of distractions significantly reduced participants' task performance (p<0.001) and increased their mental workload (p=0.001). Participants also showed different degrees of sensitivity to various distractions. In addition, most participants raised the need for system personalization. This VR-based immersive virtual OR demonstrated its potential to enhance surgeons' ability to deal with distractions in laparoscopic training. Future work will focus on improving the personalization and interactivity of the system, thereby increasing the training efficiency.Keywords: Immersive virtual reality; Surgical training; Distractions; Human error; Cognitive Workload","PeriodicalId":130337,"journal":{"name":"Physical Ergonomics and Human Factors","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127741002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of ergonomic needs among female sewing machine operators in garments industry of Bangladesh: a pilot study","authors":"S. Rafique, Jecha Suleiman Jecha, Hui Lyu","doi":"10.54941/ahfe1003037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1003037","url":null,"abstract":"The enrichment of the garments industry in Bangladesh has given employment to millions of people, especially women. With cellular manufacturing, enhanced productivity accompanies increased musculoskeletal disorders risk (Shaheen A., Mohammad Z.R, 2014). Sewing operators working posture is a vital factor related to musculoskeletal symptoms (Dianat et al., 2015). However, there is limited research on the ergonomic needs evaluation among Bangladesh female sewing machine operators.Seven female sewing machine operators in a garment manufacturing unit in Dhaka, Bangladesh, were recruited for this pilot study. A combined survey sheet was developed to record demographic information and CMDQ questionnaires. The demographics included age, weight, height, marital status, and education level. CMDQ is a survey sheet to evaluate the rating of symptoms in specific body parts (neck, shoulder, arm, upper back, lower back, leg) by multiplying the frequency, severity, and interference scores. Anthropometric measurement and sewing facilities (table and chair) dimension measurement were conducted. Subjects were interviewed about their subjective opinions on the ergonomic functions of sewing machine facilities.Participants were 31.6±8.8 years old, 56.4±8.4 kg, and 5.27±0.35ft. They are married, and their educational levels range from class 5 to 8. A typical daily work process of a female sewing machine operator in a garment manufacturing unit in Bangladesh is constantly sitting for more than 10 hours with a 1-hour lunch break. They hardly move around, only to pick up their work in the morning and submit their production to their supervisor at the end of the day. After a whole day of work, four people reported lower back pain, while three reported neck pain, 2 with leg pain, and 1 with arm pain. Lower back got the highest discomfort score (26.5), followed by neck (10), arm (7), and leg (3). The mismatch computations between body and facility dimensions showed that the current design of sewing facilities is unsuitable for female workers. The seat height is too low, and the hip width is too narrow for them. According to interviews, subjects complained about their current working chair without elbow rest which was quite uncomfortable for them to work. It could be one of the reasons that a worker is facing severe arm pain. Consistent with anthropometric measurement results, several subjects mentioned that the seat and desk height was inappropriate for them. They had to use a cushion on the seat to make them more comfortable.In conclusion, female sewing operators in Bangladesh's garment industry face a high risk of musculoskeletal disorders with mismatched facility dimensions and little consideration of their ergonomic design. A better understanding of their ergonomic needs involving sewing operations can potentially impact workers' quality of life and national productivity.","PeriodicalId":130337,"journal":{"name":"Physical Ergonomics and Human Factors","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125180516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}