Human Sport Medicine最新文献

{"title":"CORRELATIONS BETWEEN PERSONAL CHARACTERISTICS AND PHYSICAL FITNESS IN HEALTHY STUDENTS AND STUDENTS WITH CHRONIC DISEASES","authors":"K. Sukhinina, O. Aleksandrovich, A. Kolesnikova, A. Pavlov, M. Kudryavtsev","doi":"10.14529/hsm190209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14529/hsm190209","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. The article deals with establishing correlations between personal characteristics and physical fitness in healthy students and students with chronic diseases. Materials and Methods. 426 first-year male and female students from the Irkutsk State University took part in the study. In all first-year students, we studied personal psychological characteristics: personal adaptation potential, motivation to success, anthropometric data (body weight, body height, BMI). We also studied the parameters of physical fitness. Results. In healthy female students, we revealed a direct correlation between physical fitness (pull ups) and personal adaptation potential. In females with chronic diseases, we established a direct correlation between abdominal muscles strength and personal adaptation potential. In healthy males, we found out the dependence between BMI and motivation to success. Conclusion. In first-year students (male and female), we revealed the positive correlations between personal characteristics and physical fitness.","PeriodicalId":13008,"journal":{"name":"Human Sport Medicine","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2019-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88605921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"POTENTIAL ABILITIES IN CHILDREN, ADOLESCENTS, AND YOUNG MALES DURING ADAPTATION TO PHYSICAL LOAD IN SPORTS SWIMMING","authors":"S. Pogodina, G. Aleksanyants","doi":"10.14529/HSM190206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14529/HSM190206","url":null,"abstract":"Аim. The article deals with the study of the functional abilities of the main body systems in children, adolescents, and young males during their adaptation to physical load in sports swimming. Materials and methods. We examined male swimmers aged 9–18 years. The study consisted of 2 stages: the study of physical development, aerobic capacities, and non-specific resistance (9–18 years, n = 603); the study of adaptive reactions of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems (9–10, 11–13, and 14–16 years, n = 75). The following methods were used: anthropometry, dynamometry, ergometry, the analysis of leukocyte count, lactate analysis, rheography, spiro- and pneumotachometry, gasometry, statistical data processing, and a functional stress test. Results. We justified physiologically the potential abilities of children, adolescents, and young males practicing sports swimming to tolerate physical load of various intensity and duration. It was established that, in swimmers at the stage of performance enhancement, aerobic potential was formed in close cooperation with growth processes. At the age of 9–13, aerobic capacities are formed in a closer correlation with anthropometric data, while at the age of 14–18 – with functional and homeostatic parameters. Adaptive reactions of the body at the age of 9–13 are characterized by the imperfection of the regulatory mechanisms responsible for metabolic, hemodynamic, and ventilatory functions. This results in the increase of lactate to the values significantly exceeding the anaerobic threshold and the formation of the resistive type of hemodynamic and ventilatory reactions. At the age of 14–16, there is an increase in the adaptive capacities of the oxygen-providing systems responsible for high-intensity loads. Conclusion. Potential abilities in children and adolescents at the threshold values are decreased. This is because aerobic reserves are determined by the growth, homeostatic reactions are atypical, and ventilatory reactions are inefficient. In young males, there is an increase in the functional abilities of the oxygen-providing systems, which forms the efficient types of adaptive reactions to high-intensity loads.","PeriodicalId":13008,"journal":{"name":"Human Sport Medicine","volume":"108 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2019-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77619183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HANDGRIP MUSCLE FORCE CHARACTERISTICS WITH GENERAL REFERENCE VALUES AT CHELYABINSK AND BELGRADE STUDENTS","authors":"M. Dopsaj, A. Nenasheva, T. Tretiakova, Yulia A. Syromiatnikova, E. Surina-Marysheva, S. Markovic, V. Dopsaj","doi":"10.14529/HSM190204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14529/HSM190204","url":null,"abstract":"The Aim. The aim of this paper is to define the contractile characteristics of maximal isometric handgrip force and to establish possible differences between the students of the Universities of Chelyabinsk and Belgrade. The secondary aim is to create a practically applicable initial model in order to explore the mentioned characteristics in the future. Material and methods. For the purposes of this research, the overall sample of 225 subjects was tested. 91 subjects were from Russia and 134 were from Serbia. The results were gathered using a strain gage and a standardized isometric handgrip test protocol. The contractile properties of HG muscle force were measured in relation to three different contractile dimensions: the maximal muscle force (Fmax), the maximal explosive muscle force (RFDmax), the time need for achieving maximal (tFmax) and maximal explosive (tRFDmax) muscle force. Results. This study has shown that there are no generally statistically significant differences for all observed variables of HG contractile characteristics between tested Russian and Serbian students. Based on the results of the present study, six different models of the equation for evaluation of HG contractile characteristics of female and male students, i.e. young adults, were made. All defined models are highly statistically significant, accurate and sensitive in the prediction of the general distributive position of an individual or particular group of subjects in relation to the measured contractile characteristics. Conclusions. The obtained results can generally indicate the stability of potential to exert the given contractile characteristic in relation to the population of similar evolutionary (Slavs) at different geographical background.","PeriodicalId":13008,"journal":{"name":"Human Sport Medicine","volume":"190 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2019-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79535729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ETHNIC FEATURES OF LIPID PROFILE AND LIPID PEROXIDATION IN FREESTYLE WRESTLERS","authors":"N. Kurashova, A. Yureva, M. I. Dolgikh, I. Gutnik, L. Kolesnikovа","doi":"10.14529/HSM190205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14529/HSM190205","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. The article deals with the assessment of the lipid profile, lipid peroxidation, and antioxidant protection in freestyle wrestlers belonging to different ethnic groups. Materials and methods. The study involved freestyle male wrestlers aged 18–22 with the rank of the Candidate for Master of Sport and Master of Sport regularly practicing freestyle wrestling. We studied a serum consisting of blood plasma and erythrocyte hemolysate. Lipid exchange was studied with the help of the BTS-350 analyzer (Spain) and BioSystems (Spain) reagents. To establish aminotransferase in blood serum, we used Vital (Russia) reagents. The components of lipid peroxidation and antioxidant protection were established with the help of spectrophotometric and fluorometric methods. Results. Freestyle athletes of the Russian ethnic group are characterized by a significantly lower TG concentrations compared to Buryat athletes. In the system of lipid peroxidation and antioxidant protection, in athletes of the Russian ethnic group, we revealed a significant AOA, reduced glutathione and retinol compared to Buryat athletes. Conclusion. The data obtained prove a different degree of metabolic activity in athletes from various ethnic groups. The balance between lipid oxidation and antioxidant protection mostly determines metabolic intensity as well as adaptation capacities of the body. The study of metabolic changes in highly-skilled athletes from different ethnic groups can contribute to the deepening of knowledge about the physiological basis and pathogenetic effects of stress on the human body. This will be one of the factors for optimizing training and providing the search for the ways of increasing physical activity as a mean of preserving the nation and sports development.","PeriodicalId":13008,"journal":{"name":"Human Sport Medicine","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2019-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80110747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FACTOR ANALYSIS OF TESTS FOR TECHNICAL PREPAREDNESS IN BASKETBALL PLAYERS","authors":"A. Vavilov, O. Anfilatova, S. Vavilova","doi":"10.14529/hsm190207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14529/hsm190207","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. The article deals with defining the most informative tests for a qualitative assessment of technical preparedness in basketball players by studying a factor structure of their professional skills. Materials and Methods. The pedagogical experiment was conducted on the premises of Vyatka State University in Kirov from September 2017 to May 2018. 53 students participated in this research. The following research methods were used: the theoretical analysis and generalization of scientific and methodical literature, pedagogical testing, ascertaining pedagogical experiment, methods of mathematical statistics. Results. We revealed the following informative tests for the assessment of technical preparedness in basketball players: high-speed throws, high-speed pass, high-speed dribble which are the most acceptable for the training of basketball players at higher educational institutions. Conclusion. The objective nature of the procedures proposed for selecting tests for the assessment of technical preparedness in basketball players makes it possible to recommend them for training basketball players at higher educational institutions and conducting scientific research.","PeriodicalId":13008,"journal":{"name":"Human Sport Medicine","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2019-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88280445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"INDICATORS OF HEART RATE VARIABILITY IN CHILDREN FROM SURGUT","authors":"O. Litovchenko, E. Saitova","doi":"10.14529/HSM190202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14529/HSM190202","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. The article deals with establishing the features of the cardiovascular system by using HRV indicators in first graders from Surgut. Materials and methods. We examined 252 first-graders from various educational institutions in Surgut. The features of autonomic heart rate regulation were studied by using time-domain and spectral analysis. We also conducted a comparative analysis of indicators depending on gender. Results. We did not reveal any significant differences in heart rate variability parameters of boys and girls from Surgut. These data were compared with the similar data of first-graders from Moscow obtained in 2016. Conclusion. First-graders from Surgut had a balance of sympathetic and parasympathetic influence in heart rate regulation.","PeriodicalId":13008,"journal":{"name":"Human Sport Medicine","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2019-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87875838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CEREBRAL ENERGY METABOLISM IN YOUNG PEOPLE DURING ADAPTATION TO THE CONDITIONS OF THE ARCTIC REGION","authors":"N. Anikina, A. Gribanov, I. Kozhevnikova, M. Pankov, S. Bagretsov","doi":"10.14529/hsm190201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14529/hsm190201","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. The article deals with determining the features of cerebral energy metabolism in young people at different stages of adaptation in the Arctic region. Materials and methods. The level of permanent brain direct current potentials (DCP) was measured in 146 young people: 93 born and permanently living in the Arctic region and 53 migrants living in new climatic conditions for the first months. The study was conducted by using a “Neuro-KM” 12-channel hardware-software complex for the topographic mapping of brain electrical activity. DCP were recorded in the unipolar leads according to the 10-20 international system. Statistical processing of the data obtained was carried out with the software package SPSS-20 for Windows. Results. In young people permanently living in the Arctic region, we revealed functional asymmetry of the brain with right-hemisphere dominance in almost all leads. In migrants living in the climatic conditions of the Arctic region for the first months, we established high values of energy consumption and partial asymmetry of cerebral energy metabolism. Conclusion. Body functioning in the usual habitat is characterized by a stereotypical set of regulatory mechanisms. During adaptation, new ways of responding to changes in the environment are formed. The dominance of the right or left hemisphere occurs depending on the type of tasks. The analysis of interhemispheric asymmetry of energy consumption performed by using the method of brain mapping allows assessing the degree of dominance. The dominance of energy consumption in the left hemisphere may indicate a possible failure of adaptation mechanisms. Positive interhemispheric gradients indicate the correct performance of CNS regulatory mechanisms during adaptation to new environmental conditions","PeriodicalId":13008,"journal":{"name":"Human Sport Medicine","volume":"94 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2019-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89896242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGICAL STATUS IN OVERWEIGHT INDIVIDUALS","authors":"T. Popova, B. Pance, G. Maksutova, Y. Korableva, O. Kourova","doi":"10.14529/HSM190203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14529/HSM190203","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. The article deals with establishing psychophysiological features in overweight women to develop a set of measures for weight decrease and psychocorrection. Materials and methods. We studied two groups of women who were willing to participate in the study: the first group – mean age 54.2 ± 3.0; the second group – mean age 25.0 ± 1.7. The average BMI of the first group corresponded with obesity values (32.3 ± 1.6), while an average BMI of the second group was within the upper limit of reference values (23.7 ± 0.9). However, according to body composition data, there was a risk of BMI increase. As far as the percentage of adipose tissue exceeded the recommended values, recommended weight loss was 18.2 ± 2.6 kg for the older group and 5.6 ± 1.4 kg for the young group. Two groups of women of the same age with normal weight were examined as control groups. Results of the study revealed both age-related and psychophysiological features in women of different weight. EEG analysis showed that alpha rhythm amplitude in women from the first group was higher on average and frequency was lower compared to the second group. In the experimental group, we also revealed a higher level of delta activity in the frontal region at rest. The study of a psychoemotional status revealed that all participants hardly coped with stress. However, young participants overcame stress more easily compared to the older group. Anxiety assessment showed increased values of anxiety. In all participants, personal anxiety was almost at the same level within 48 points. Situational anxiety was higher in young women (51.2 ± 1.3 and 49.6 ± 2.1 points, respectively). Conclusion. The most psychophysiological indicators identified functional stress, particularly in overweight older women. To preserve the optimal psychophysiological status of persons participating in weight correction programs, it is also necessary to correct a psychophysical status in accordance with age-related features.","PeriodicalId":13008,"journal":{"name":"Human Sport Medicine","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2019-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84857543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MORPHOGENETIC MARKERS OF FAST TRAINABILITY IN WRESTLING","authors":"M. Tkachuk, A. Levitskiĭ, A. Sobolev","doi":"10.14529/HSM190118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14529/HSM190118","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. The article deals with identifying the informative morphological criteria of selection in judo at the stage of athletic performance improvement. Materials and methods. We measured  42 athletes engaged in judo (body weight 66–73 kg, 18–25 years old, Candidate of Master of Sport or Master of Sport) by using complex anthropometric and somatometric techniques. For quickly trained athletes it took not more than 6 years for achieving the rank of Candidate of Master of Sport and not more than 8 years for achieving the rank of Master of Sport. Slowly trained athletes obtained the same rank of Candidate of Master of Sport for 7–9 years and that of Master of Sport for 9–11 years. Results. In both quickly and slowly trained athletes we revealed significant differences in partial, circumference, and transverse body size, body composition, and somatotype. We found out that the morphogenetic markers of fast trainability in judo include the following parameters: high values of humerus lengths (34.4 ± 0.23 cm) and thorax circumference (98.2 ± 1.68 cm), low content of adipose tissue (8.1 ± 0.3 %), and a high value of mesomorphy (5.8 ± 0.25 points). Conclusion. The results obtained allowed us to most effectively carry out the selection at the stage of athletic performance improvement and to predict the success of competitive activities in judo.","PeriodicalId":13008,"journal":{"name":"Human Sport Medicine","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2019-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90207682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EFFECT OF A SINGLE TRANSCRANIAL STIMULATION ON THE RECOVERY OF SKI-RACERS","authors":"O. Kudrya, E. Shigina","doi":"10.14529/hsm190117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14529/hsm190117","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. The article deals with assessing the effect of a single transcranial stimulation with impulse current on the recovery of ski-racers. Materials and methods. 18 skiers aged 20 ± 2 (skiers of the first rank or that of Candidate of Master of Sport) participated in the study. Skiing for 3 was used as a special load. To achieve the purpose of the study, we used the method of transcranial stimulation with impulse current after load. Results. During a single transcranial stimulation after a special load by the 20th minute, there is a statistically significant reduction of the urgent recovery of heart rate (HR), minute blood volume (MBV), the Robinson index (RI), the chronotropic index (CI). The time for the recovery of vegetative homeostasis also reduces. Conclusion. A single transcranial stimulation accelerates the recovery of the cardiovascular system in ski-racers by reducing the adrenergic effects of the autonomic nervous system. The efficiency of using transcranial stimulation is associated with individual-typological features of the vegetative regulation in athletes.","PeriodicalId":13008,"journal":{"name":"Human Sport Medicine","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2019-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82930062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}