Human reproduction最新文献

{"title":"Assessment of male creatinine levels and fecundity in couples planning pregnancy: a national cohort study in China.","authors":"Yan Xuan,Jun Zhao,Xiang Hong,Yue Zhang,Rong Zhang,Hongguang Zhang,Tao Yan,Yuanyuan Wang,Zuoqi Peng,Ya Zhang,Kailei Jiao,Qiaomei Wang,Haiping Shen,Yiping Zhang,Donghai Yan,Xu Ma,Bei Wang","doi":"10.1093/humrep/deae206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/deae206","url":null,"abstract":"STUDY QUESTIONIs there an association between male creatinine levels and time to pregnancy (TTP) in couples planning pregnancy?SUMMARY ANSWERLow and high male creatinine concentrations were associated with reduced couple fecundity.WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADYAbundant evidence suggests male creatinine dysfunction is associated with infertility in males with kidney diseases. However, the association of preconception creatinine levels with reduced fecundity among general reproductive-aged couples lacks evidence from an in-depth population study.STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATIONBased on the population-based cohort study from the National Free Preconception Check-up Projects, 4 023 204 couples were recruited and met the inclusion criteria from 1 January 2015 to 31 December 2017. They were planning pregnancy and were followed up every 3 months until achieving pregnancy as detected by gynaecological ultrasonography or were followed up for 1 year for the analysis of TTP.PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODSCox regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CI for creatinine deciles. Restricted cubic spline regression was adopted for the dose-response relationship of creatinine with HRs. R statistical software was used for data analysis.MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCEOf the included participants, 2 756 538 (68.52%) couples successfully conceived. The median male serum creatinine was 81.50 μmol/l. Compared with the reference group (78.00-81.49 μmol/l) including the median creatinine, fecundity in the first (≤64.89 μmol/l), second (64.90-69.99 μmol/l), third (70.00-73.99 μmol/l), and tenth (≥101.00 μmol/l) deciles decreased by 8%, 5%, 2%, and 1%, respectively (Decile 1 Adjusted HR 0.92, 95% CI 0.91-0.92; Decile 2 Adjusted HR 0.95, 95% CI 0.95-0.96; Decile 3 Adjusted HR 0.98, 95% CI 0.97-0.99; Decile 10 Adjusted HR 0.99, 95% CI 0.98-0.99). An inverse-U-shaped association was consistently presented among males such that non-inferiority for fecundity was shown when creatinine was in the 81.66-104.90 μmol/l range (P for non-linearity < 0.001). For males over 40 years old, the risk of fecundity impairment was more obvious and the recommended range of creatinine levels for TTP was reduced and more narrow, compared with that for younger males.LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTIONNot including the time couples spend preparing for pregnancy before enrolment would lead to an overestimation of fecundity; additionally some couples place pregnancy plans on hold due to special emergencies, which would not have been recognized. Due to the lack of information regarding semen quality, psychological factors, sexual intercourse frequencies, and hazardous environmental factors, we could not adjust for these factors. Some variates were self-reported and dichotomized, which were prone to bias. Direct variables reflecting muscle mass and impaired kidney function were lacking. Thus, extrapolation should be done with caution.WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGSMale creatin","PeriodicalId":13003,"journal":{"name":"Human reproduction","volume":"62 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142233263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Semen analysis and reproductive hormones in boys with classical Hodgkin lymphoma treated according to the EuroNet-PHL-C2 protocol.","authors":"K C E Drechsel,S L Broer,H M K van Breda,F S Stoutjesdijk,E van Dulmen-den Broeder,A Beishuizen,W H Wallace,D Körholz,C Mauz-Körholz,D Hasenclever,M Cepelova,A Uyttebroeck,L Ronceray,J W R Twisk,G J L Kaspers,M A Veening","doi":"10.1093/humrep/deae204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/deae204","url":null,"abstract":"STUDY QUESTIONWhat is the impact of the EuroNet-PHL-C2 treatment for boys with classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) on semen parameters?SUMMARY ANSWERMore than half of the patients (52%, n = 16/31) had oligozoospermia or azoospermia at 2 years from cHL diagnosis; particularly boys treated for advanced-stage cHL had low sperm counts and motility.WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADYChemotherapy and radiotherapy to the inguinal region or testes can impair spermatogenesis and result in reduced fertility. The EuroNet-PHL-C2 trial aims to minimize radiotherapy in standard childhood cHL treatment, by intensifying chemotherapy. The present study aims to assess the (gonadotoxic) impact of this treatment protocol on semen parameters and reproductive hormones in boys aged ≤18 years.STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATIONThis international, prospective, multi-centre cohort study was an add-on study to the randomized phase-3 EuroNet-PHL-C2 trial, where the efficacy of standard cHL treatment with OEPA-COPDAC-28 (OEPA: vincristine, etoposide, prednisone, and doxorubicin; COPDAC-28: cyclophosphamide, vincristine, prednisone, and dacarbazine) was compared to intensified OEPA-DECOPDAC-21 chemotherapy (DECOPDAC-21: COPDAC with additional doxorubicin and etoposide and 25% more cyclophosphamide). Patients were recruited between January 2017 and September 2021.PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODSEligibility criteria included male patients, diagnosed with classical HL before or at the age of 18 years, and treated according to the EuroNet-PHL-C2 protocol in any of the 18 participating sites in the Netherlands, Germany, Belgium, Czech Republic, and Austria. Sperm parameters (sperm concentration, progressive motility, sperm volume, and calculated total motile sperm count) were assessed at diagnosis and 2 years after diagnosis in (post)pubertal boys. Laboratory measurements (serum follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and inhibin B) were performed in samples drawn at diagnosis, during treatment (2-3 times), and at 2 years post-diagnosis, and (age-adjusted) analyses were conducted separately for pre-pubertal and (post)pubertal boys. Outcomes were compared between the treatment levels (TL1, TL2, and TL3) and consolidation treatment schemes (COPDAC-28 and DECOPDAC-21).MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCEIn total, 101 boys were included in the present analysis: 73 were (post)pubertal (median age 15.4 years, (IQR 14.4; 16.6), 10 TL1, 29 TL2, 34 TL3, 62% of TL2/3 patients received COPDAC-28) and 28 boys were pre-pubertal (median age 9.6 years (IQR 6.6; 11.4), 4 TL1, 7 TL2, 17 TL3, 38% of TL2/3 patients received COPDAC-28). The study included six boys who had received pelvic radiotherapy; none were irradiated in the inguinal or testicular area. At diagnosis, 48 (post)pubertal boys delivered semen for cryopreservation; 19 (40%) semen samples were oligospermic and 4 (8%) were azoospermic. Low sperm concentration (<15 mil/ml) appeared to be related to the HL disease itself, with a higher prevalence in boys who p","PeriodicalId":13003,"journal":{"name":"Human reproduction","volume":"240 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142170749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to: Soluble VCAM-1/soluble ICAM-1 ratio is a promising biomarker for diagnosing endometriosis.","authors":"","doi":"10.1093/humrep/deae149","DOIUrl":"10.1093/humrep/deae149","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13003,"journal":{"name":"Human reproduction","volume":" ","pages":"2145"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141467614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Endocrine disruption and male reproductive disorders: unanswered questions.","authors":"Richard M Sharpe","doi":"10.1093/humrep/deae143","DOIUrl":"10.1093/humrep/deae143","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Maternal exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) in human pregnancy is widely considered as an important cause of adverse changes in male reproductive health due to impaired foetal androgen production/action. However, the epidemiological evidence supporting this view is equivocal, except for certain phthalates, notably diethyl hexyl phthalate (DEHP). Maternal phthalate exposure levels associated with adverse reproductive changes in epidemiological studies are several thousand-fold lower than those needed to suppress foetal androgen production in rats, and direct studies using human foetal testis tissue show no effect of high phthalate exposure on androgen production. This conundrum is unexplained and raises fundamental questions. Human DEHP exposure is predominantly via food with highest exposure associated with consumption of a Western style (unhealthy) diet. This diet is also associated with increased exposure to the most common EDCs, whether persistent (chlorinated or fluorinated chemicals) or non-persistent (phthalates, bisphenols) compounds, which are found at highest levels in fatty and processed foods. Consequently, epidemiological studies associating EDC exposure and male reproductive health disorders are confounded by potential dietary effects, and vice versa. A Western diet/lifestyle in young adulthood is also associated with low sperm counts. Disentangling EDC and dietary effects in epidemiological studies is challenging. In pregnancy, a Western diet, EDC exposure, and maternal living in proximity to industrial sites are all associated with impaired foetal growth/development due to placental dysfunction, which predisposes to congenital male reproductive disorders (cryptorchidism, hypospadias). While the latter are considered to reflect impaired foetal androgen production, effects resulting from foetal growth impairment (FGI) are likely indirect. As FGI has numerous life-long health consequences, and is affected by maternal lifestyle, research into the origins of male reproductive disorders should take more account of this. Additionally, potential effects on foetal growth/foetal testis from the increasing use of medications in pregnancy deserves more research attention.</p>","PeriodicalId":13003,"journal":{"name":"Human reproduction","volume":" ","pages":"1879-1888"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11373384/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141456304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydroxychloroquine in recurrent pregnancy loss: data from a French prospective multicenter registry.","authors":"Amandine Dernoncourt, Kaies Hedhli, Noémie Abisror, Meryam Cheloufi, Jonathan Cohen, Kamila Kolanska, Chloé McAvoy, Lise Selleret, Eric Ballot, Emmanuelle Mathieu d'Argent, Nathalie Chabbert Buffet, Olivier Fain, Gilles Kayem, Arsène Mekinian","doi":"10.1093/humrep/deae146","DOIUrl":"10.1093/humrep/deae146","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Study question: &lt;/strong&gt;What are the outcomes of pregnancies exposed to hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) in women with a history of recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL), and what factors predict the course of these pregnancies beyond the first trimester?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Summary answer: &lt;/strong&gt;In our cohort of pregnancies in women with a history of RPL exposed to HCQ early in pregnancy, we found that the only factor determining the success of these pregnancies was the number of previous miscarriages.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What is known already: &lt;/strong&gt;Dysregulation of the maternal immune system plays a role in RPL. HCQ, with its dual immunomodulating and vascular protective effects, is a potential treatment for unexplained RPL.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Study design, size, duration: &lt;/strong&gt;The FALCO (Facteurs de récidive précoce des fausses couches) registry is an ongoing French multicenter infertility registry established in 2017 that includes women (aged from 18 to 49 years) with a history of spontaneous RPL (at least three early miscarriages (≤12 weeks of gestation (WG)) recruited from several university hospitals.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Participants/materials, setting, methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Spontaneous pregnancies enrolled in the FALCO registry with an exposure to HCQ (before conception or at the start of pregnancy) were included. Pregnancies concomitantly exposed to tumor necrosis factor inhibitors, interleukin-1 and -2 inhibitors, intravenous immunoglobulin, and/or intravenous intralipid infusion, were excluded. Concomitant treatment with low-dose aspirin (LDA), low-molecular weight heparin (LMWH), progesterone, and/or prednisone was allowed. All patients underwent the recommended evaluations for investigating RPL. Those who became pregnant received obstetric care in accordance with French recommendations and were followed prospectively. The main endpoint was the occurrence of a pregnancy continuing beyond 12 WG, and the secondary endpoint was the occurrence of a live birth.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Main results and the role of chance: &lt;/strong&gt;One hundred pregnancies with HCQ exposure in 74 women were assessed. The mean age of the women was 34.2 years, and the median number of previous miscarriages was 5. Concomitant exposure was reported in 78 (78%) pregnancies for prednisone, 56 (56%) pregnancies for LDA, and 41 (41%) pregnancies for LMWH. Sixty-two (62%) pregnancies ended within 12 WG, the other 38 (38%) continuing beyond 12 WG. The risk of experiencing an additional early spontaneous miscarriage increased with the number of previous miscarriages, but not with age. The distributions of anomalies identified in RPL investigations and of exposure to other drugs were similar between pregnancies lasting ≤12 WG and those continuing beyond 12WG. The incidence of pregnancies progressing beyond 12 WG was not higher among pregnancies with at least one positive autoantibody (Ab) (i.e. antinuclear Ab titer ≥1:160, ≥1 positive conventional and/or non-conventional antiphospholipid Ab, and/or ","PeriodicalId":13003,"journal":{"name":"Human reproduction","volume":" ","pages":"1934-1941"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11373309/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141467615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vitrification preservation of good-quality blastocysts for more than 5 years reduces implantation and live birth rates.","authors":"Shaoquan Zhan, Chenxing Lin, Qiwang Lin, Jiayu Gan, Chunyan Wang, Yang Luo, Jianqiao Liu, Hongzi Du, Hanyan Liu","doi":"10.1093/humrep/deae150","DOIUrl":"10.1093/humrep/deae150","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Study question: &lt;/strong&gt;Does vitrification cryopreservation of embryos for more than 5 years affect the pregnancy outcomes after frozen embryo transfer (FET)?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Summary answer: &lt;/strong&gt;Vitrification cryopreservation of good-quality blastocysts for more than 5 years is associated with a decrease in the implantation rate (IR) and live birth rate (LBR).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What is known already: &lt;/strong&gt;Previous studies have predominantly focused on embryos cryopreserved for relatively short durations (less than 5 years), yet the impact of extended cryopreservation duration on pregnancy outcomes remains a controversial issue. There is a relative scarcity of data regarding the efficacy and safety of storing embryos for 5 years or longer.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Study design, size, duration: &lt;/strong&gt;This retrospective study involved 36 665 eligible vitrified-thawed embryo transfer cycles from 1 January 2016 to 31 December 2022, at a single fertility center in China.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Participants/materials, setting, methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Patients were divided into three groups according to embryo storage time: Group 1 consisted of 31 565 cycles, with storage time of 0-2 years; Group 2 consisted of 4458 cycles, with a storage time of 2-5 years; and Group 3 included 642 cycles, with storage time exceeding 5 years. The main outcome measures were IR and LBR. Secondary outcome variables included rates of biochemical pregnancy, multiple pregnancy, ectopic pregnancy, and miscarriage, as well as neonatal outcomes. Reproductive outcomes were analyzed as binary variables. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to explore the effect of preservation time on pregnancy outcomes after correcting for confounding factors. In addition, we also assessed neonatal outcomes, such as large for gestational age (LGA) and small for gestational age (SGA).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Main results and the role of chance: &lt;/strong&gt;IRs in the three groups (0-2, 2-5, and &gt;5 years) were 37.37%, 39.03%, and 35.78%, respectively (P = 0.017), and LBRs in the three groups were 37.29%, 39.09%, and 34.91%, respectively (P = 0.028). After adjustment for potential confounding factors, compared with the 0-2 years storage group, prolonged embryo vitrification preservation time (2-5 years or &gt;5 years) did not affect secondary outcomes such as rates of biochemical pregnancy, multiple pregnancy, ectopic pregnancy, and miscarriage (P &gt; 0.05). But cryopreservation of embryos for more than 5 years reduced the IR (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 0.82, 95% CI 0.69-0.97, P = 0.020) and LBR (aOR 0.76, 95% CI 0.64-0.91, P = 0.002). Multivariate stratified analysis also showed that prolonging the cryopreservation time of blastocysts (&gt;5 years) reduced the IR (aOR 0.78, 95% CI 0.62-0.98, P = 0.033) and LBR (aOR 0.68, 95% CI 0.53-0.87, P = 0.002). However, no effect on cleavage embryos was observed (P &gt; 0.05). We further conducted stratified analyses based on the number and quality of frozen blastocysts transfer","PeriodicalId":13003,"journal":{"name":"Human reproduction","volume":" ","pages":"1960-1968"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11373376/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141497907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Granulosa cell metabolism at ovulation correlates with oocyte competence and is disrupted by obesity and aging.","authors":"Atsushi Morimoto, Ryan D Rose, Kirsten M Smith, Doan T Dinh, Takashi Umehara, Yasmyn E Winstanley, Hiroaki Shibahara, Darryl L Russell, Rebecca L Robker","doi":"10.1093/humrep/deae154","DOIUrl":"10.1093/humrep/deae154","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Study question: &lt;/strong&gt;Is oocyte developmental competence associated with changes in granulosa cell (GC) metabolism?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Summary answer: &lt;/strong&gt;GC metabolism is regulated by the LH surge, altered by obesity and reproductive aging, and, in women, specific metabolic profiles are associated with failed fertilization versus increased blastocyst development.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What is known already: &lt;/strong&gt;The cellular environment in which an oocyte matures is critical to its future developmental competence. Metabolism is emerging as a potentially important factor; however, relative energy production profiles between GCs and cumulus cells and their use of differential substrates under normal in vivo ovulatory conditions are not well understood.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Study design, size, duration: &lt;/strong&gt;This study identified metabolic and substrate utilization profiles within ovarian cells in response to the LH surge, using mouse models and GCs of women undergoing gonadotropin-induced oocyte aspiration followed by IVF/ICSI.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Participants/materials, setting, methods: &lt;/strong&gt;To comprehensively assess follicular energy metabolism, we used real-time metabolic analysis (Seahorse XFe96) to map energy metabolism dynamics (mitochondrial respiration, glycolysis, and fatty acid oxidation) in mouse GCs and cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) across a detailed time course in the lead up to ovulation. In parallel, the metabolic profile of GCs was measured in a cohort of 85 women undergoing IVF/ICSI (n = 21 with normal ovarian function; n = 64 with ovarian infertility) and correlated with clinical parameters and cycle outcomes.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Main results and the role of chance: &lt;/strong&gt;Our study reveals dynamic changes in GC energy metabolism in response to ovulatory LH, with mitochondrial respiration and glycolysis differentially affected by obesity versus aging, in both mice and women. High respiration in GCs is associated with failed fertilization (P &lt; 0.05) in a subset of women, while glycolytic reserve and mitochondrial ATP production are correlated with on-time development at Day 3 (P &lt; 0.05) and blastocyst formation (P &lt; 0.01) respectively. These data provide new insights into the cellular mechanisms of infertility, by uncovering significant associations between metabolism within the ovarian follicle and oocyte developmental competence.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Limitations, reasons for caution: &lt;/strong&gt;A larger prospective study is needed before the metabolic markers that were positively and negatively associated with oocyte quality can be used clinically to predict embryo outcomes.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Wider implications of the findings: &lt;/strong&gt;This study offers new insights into the importance of GC metabolism for subsequent embryonic development and highlights the potential for therapeutic strategies focused on optimizing mitochondrial metabolism to support embryonic development.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Study funding/competing interest(s): &lt;/strong&gt;Nati","PeriodicalId":13003,"journal":{"name":"Human reproduction","volume":" ","pages":"2053-2066"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11373349/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141626553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Longitudinal associations between urinary biomarkers of phthalates and replacements with novel in vivo measures of placental health.","authors":"Emma M Rosen, Danielle R Stevens, Erin E McNell, Mollie E Wood, Stephanie M Engel, Alexander P Keil, Antonia M Calafat, Julianne Cook Botelho, Elena Sinkovskaya, Ann Przybylska, George Saade, Alfred Abuhamad, Kelly K Ferguson","doi":"10.1093/humrep/deae152","DOIUrl":"10.1093/humrep/deae152","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Study question: &lt;/strong&gt;What is the longitudinal association between gestational phthalate exposure and in vivo placental outcomes?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Summary answer: &lt;/strong&gt;Phthalates were adversely associated with placental microvasculature, stiffness, and presence of calcification, with different metabolites associated with different outcomes.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What is known already: &lt;/strong&gt;Phthalate exposure is ubiquitous and implicated as a contributor to adverse pregnancy outcomes, possibly through impacts on the placenta.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Study design, size, duration: &lt;/strong&gt;A total of 303 women were recruited in early pregnancy and prospectively followed for up to eight visits across gestation in the Human Placenta and Phthalates study.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Participants/materials, setting, methods: &lt;/strong&gt;At each visit, women provided urine samples and underwent placental ultrasounds. Urine was analyzed for 18 metabolites of phthalates and replacements. We took the geometric mean of repeated measurements to reflect pregnancy-averaged phthalate or replacement exposure for each participant (n = 303). Placental microvasculature, stiffness, and microcalcification presence were quantified from ultrasounds at each visit. Higher scores reflected worse placental function for all measures. Generalized linear mixed models were created to estimate the association between pregnancy-averaged exposure biomarker concentrations and repeated outcome measurements for microvasculature and stiffness. Gestational age at the time of calcification detection was modeled using Cox proportional hazards models.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Main results and the role of chance: &lt;/strong&gt;Monocarboxyisononyl phthalate and summed di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate metabolites were associated with impaired microvasculature development, such that an interquartile range increase in concentration was associated with 0.11 standard deviation increase in the microvasculature ratio, indicating poorer vascularization (95% CI: 0.00, 0.22); 0.11 [95% CI: -0.01, 0.22], respectively. Monoethyl phthalate was associated with increased placental stiffness (0.09 [95% CI: -0.01, 0.19]) while summed di-iso-butyl phthalate metabolites and monobenzyl phthalate were associated with increased hazard of calcification detection (hazard ratios: 1.18 [95% CI: 0.98, 1.42]; 1.13 [95% CI: 0.96, 1.34]).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Limitations, reasons for caution: &lt;/strong&gt;Outcomes used in this study are novel and further investigation is needed to provide clinical context and relevance.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Wider implications of the findings: &lt;/strong&gt;We found evidence of associations between select phthalate biomarkers and various aspects of in vivo placental health, although we did not observe consistency across placental outcomes. These findings could illustrate heterogeneous effects of phthalate exposure on placental function.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Study funding/competing interest(s): &lt;/strong&gt;This research was supported in part by the Intramura","PeriodicalId":13003,"journal":{"name":"Human reproduction","volume":" ","pages":"2104-2114"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11373341/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141544772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mothers of twins had higher old-age survival than mothers of singletons in Estonian 19th-century birth cohorts.","authors":"R Meitern, M Gortfelder, A Puur, P Hõrak","doi":"10.1093/humrep/deae166","DOIUrl":"10.1093/humrep/deae166","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Study question: &lt;/strong&gt;Do the mothers of twins and singletons differ regarding post-partum and old-age mortality?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Summary answer: &lt;/strong&gt;Twin deliveries were associated with higher post-partum maternal mortality than singleton deliveries, but the lifetime post-partum mortality risk was similar for mothers of twins and singletons; survival of twinners was higher than survival of the mothers of singletons after the 67th lifespan percentile.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What is known already: &lt;/strong&gt;Twinning is typically associated with higher post-partum maternal mortality. The evidence about whether twinning incurs long-term survival costs of reproduction or is a trait pertinent to long-lived women is scarce and contradictory.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Study design, size, duration: &lt;/strong&gt;The study is based on the data of the Estonian Family Register (operating from 1926 to 1943) and involves 5565 mothers of twins and 119 613 mothers of singletons born between 1850 and 1899. The subset for comparing maternal lifespans included 1703-1884 mothers of twins and 19 747-36 690 mothers of singletons.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Participants/materials, setting, methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Post-partum maternal mortality was analyzed in the whole sample (including mothers of a single child) by logistic regression. Most of the analyses were performed in samples where each mother of twins was matched against mothers of singletons based on parity (or number of deliveries), urban versus rural and inland versus coastal origin, whether their lifespan was known, date of birth and age at first birth. Lifespans were compared in linear mixed models. Quantile regression was used to analyze age-dependent variations in maternal mortality rates. All models were adjusted for relevant biodemographic covariates.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Main results and the role of chance: &lt;/strong&gt;The twinning rate in the whole sample was 4.4%. During the year after giving birth, maternal mortality for twin deliveries was 0.75% (17/2273) and 0.37% (449/122 750) for singleton deliveries (OR = 2.05, 95% CI = 1.21-3.23). However, the lifetime post-partum mortality risk for mothers of twins (0.51%; 28/5557) and singletons (0.37%; 438/119 466) did not differ significantly (OR = 1.38, 95% CI = 0.91-1.98). The life spans of the mothers of twins and singletons did not differ in matched samples. Past the 67th lifespan percentile, the odds of survival were significantly higher for mothers of twins than mothers of singletons, as indicated by non-overlapping 95% confidence intervals.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Limitations, reasons for caution: &lt;/strong&gt;Relatively low number of individuals (22 802-28 335) with known age at death in matched datasets due to discontinuation of the register after 1943.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Wider implications of the findings: &lt;/strong&gt;The finding that mothers of twins had higher odds of old-age survival than mothers of singletons is consistent with the contention that twinners represent a non-random subset of women whose ","PeriodicalId":13003,"journal":{"name":"Human reproduction","volume":" ","pages":"2124-2133"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141787910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perspectives on sperm donor anonymity: insights from donor-conceived adults in Belgium.","authors":"Phyline Casteels, Julie Nekkebroeck, Herman Tournaye","doi":"10.1093/humrep/deae160","DOIUrl":"10.1093/humrep/deae160","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Study question: &lt;/strong&gt;Are donor-conceived adults in Belgium interested in obtaining donor information, and do these interests vary based on their family backgrounds?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Summary answer: &lt;/strong&gt;Donor-conceived adults express a significant interest in obtaining donor-related information, with the highest interest reported by offspring from heterosexual couples compared to those from lesbian couple-parented or single-parent families.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What is known already: &lt;/strong&gt;In Belgium, sperm donation is mainly anonymous, but the rise of direct-to-consumer genetic testing challenges this anonymity.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Study design, size, duration: &lt;/strong&gt;This was a cross-sectional study involving an online nationwide survey conducted from July 2022 to October 2023. Participants, aged 18 years and older and being aware of their anonymous sperm donor-conceived status, were recruited through various channels.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Participants/materials, setting, methods: &lt;/strong&gt;A total of 203 participants were included: 62.6% grew up in heterosexual families with infertile fathers, 26.1% with lesbian couples, 8.4% with single parents, and 3.0% in various or diverse family structures. The survey was available in both French and Dutch and consisted of 43 questions, including a mix of yes/no questions and multiple-choice items.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Main results and the role of chance: &lt;/strong&gt;The average age of disclosure was 16.5 years, with notably later disclosure in heterosexual couple-parented households. A substantial 82.8% of donor-conceived individuals expressed a keen interest in obtaining non-personally identifiable donor information, while 69% were curious about personally identifiable donor data. Furthermore, 61.6% conveyed a desire for personal contact with their donors, and 26.6% advocated for the inclusion of the donor's name on their birth certificates. Participants raised in lesbian two-parent families exhibited the lowest level of interest in donor-related information compared with those raised in other family structures. An overwhelming 90.1% wondered about the possibility of having half-siblings from the same sperm donor. Analysis of survey responses on DNA database registration revealed that 55.2% of donor-conceived offspring were already registered, with 68.8% discovering the same donor offspring and 30.4% successfully locating their donors. Compared to individuals from other family structures, those raised in heterosexual couple-parented households exhibit a less positive attitude toward their conception through anonymous sperm donation. About 61.6% of donor-conceived individuals reported experiencing distinct emotions compared to their peers, while 44.1% encountered psychological difficulties related to anonymous sperm donation, primarily attributed to late disclosure. The majority supported the idea of informing the donor about the number of children he facilitated to conceive. Lastly, the study highlighted that 21.","PeriodicalId":13003,"journal":{"name":"Human reproduction","volume":" ","pages":"2021-2031"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11373337/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141619866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}