Heart, Lung and Circulation最新文献

{"title":"Early and Midterm Outcomes of INSPIRIS RESILIA Versus AVALUS: A Propensity Score Matching Analysis.","authors":"Takuya Narita, Taisuke Nakayama, Shuhei Nishijima, Yoshitsugu Nakamura","doi":"10.1016/j.hlc.2025.02.110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hlc.2025.02.110","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To compare the early and midterm clinical outcomes of aortic valve replacement (AVR) using the INSPIRIS RESILIA bioprosthesis (IR-B) with AVR using the AVALUS bioprosthesis (AV-B).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This single-centre retrospective study analysed the perioperative clinical outcomes of 256 consecutive patients who underwent AVR with either IR-B (n=156) or AV-B (n=100) at this institution between 1 August 2018 and 30 June 2023. After propensity score matching, freedom from death, freedom from major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), and echocardiographic data were compared between the two groups during the follow-up period.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Propensity score matching resulted in the addition of 79 patients to each group. The 1-year survival rates in the propensity score-matched cohort were 93.8% and 94.5% in the IR-B and AV-B groups, respectively, while the 3-year survival rates remained unchanged, with no statistically significant differences between groups (p=0.88). At 3 years postoperatively, freedom from MACE was 93.2% and 92.8% in the IR-B and the AV-B groups, respectively, which was not statistically significant (p=0.90). The mean aortic pressure gradient after AVR remained stable in both the IR-B and AV-B groups (IR-B group, 10.7-11.3 mmHg vs AV-B group, 11.5-12.1 mmHg), and there was no significant difference observed between the two groups during the follow-up period. The absolute change from the baseline left ventricular mass index in both the IR-B and AV-B groups decreased in each group over time (IR-B group, -20.8 to -38.6 g/m² vs AV-B group, -16.6 to -35.5 g/m²). However, these changes were statistically insignificant between the two groups over the 3-year follow-up.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The early and midterm clinical outcomes were comparable between the IR-B and AV-B groups.</p>","PeriodicalId":13000,"journal":{"name":"Heart, Lung and Circulation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144564673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Deep Sternal Wound Infection on Long-Term Survival Based on Revascularisation Strategy: Results From the Polish National Registry.","authors":"Sleiman Sebastian Aboul-Hassan, Grzegorz Hirnle, Bartlomiej Perek, Marek Jemielity, Szymon Kocanda, Tomasz Hirnle, Miroslaw Brykczynski, Radoslaw Gocol, Marek Deja, Jan Rogowski, Michal Krejca, Wojciech Pawliszak, Kazimierz Widenka, Jerzy Pacholewicz, Pawel Bugajski, Krzysztof Wrobel, Bohdan J Maruszewski, Tomasz Hrapkowicz, Romuald Cichon","doi":"10.1016/j.hlc.2025.03.016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hlc.2025.03.016","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This multicentre study aimed to investigate the impact of deep sternal wound infection (DSWI) on long-term survival among patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) using multiple arterial grafting (MAG) or single artery with saphenous vein grafts (SAG).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were obtained from the Polish National Registry of Cardiac Surgery Procedures database. Between January 2012 and December 2020, 81,136 patients who underwent CABG for multivessel disease were included in the study. Patients were divided into four groups: MAG with DSWI (n=219), MAG without DSWI (n=8,611), SAG with DSWI (n=1,432), and SAG without DSWI (n=70,874). Inverse probability of treatment weighting based on the generalised propensity score was used to minimise imbalance between the groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the weighted sample, DSWI in patients who received MAG was associated with reduced long-term survival when compared with patients without DSWI and MAG (hazard ratio [HR] 1.89, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.29-2.78; Bonferroni corrected p=0.01). Deep sternal wound infection in patients who received SAG was associated with reduced long-term survival when compared with patients without DSWI and SAG (HR 1.92, 95% CI 1.69-2.17; Bonferroni corrected p=0.01). In patients who did not develop DSWI, MAG was associated with improved long-term survival compared with SAG (HR 0.68, 95% CI 0.63-0.74; Bonferroni corrected p=0.01). However, patients who received MAG and developed DSWI had similar long-term survival when compared with patients who received SAG and did not develop DSWI (HR 1.31, 95% CI 0.90-1.92; Bonferroni corrected p=0.63). A landmark analysis excluding the first 6 months of follow-up was performed to exclude the risk of acute mortality due to DSWI. In the weighted sample, the results were consistent with the main analysis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Deep sternal wound infection is associated with worse survival in patients receiving MAG and SAG. Moreover, the superior effect of MAG over SAG diminishes once DSWI develops.</p>","PeriodicalId":13000,"journal":{"name":"Heart, Lung and Circulation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144553380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unilateral Versus Bilateral Antegrade Cerebral Perfusion in Aortic Arch Surgery: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials and Propensity-Matched Studies.","authors":"Kristine Santos, Emmanuel Mark Velasco, Mohammad Mawasi, Tomasz Płonek","doi":"10.1016/j.hlc.2025.03.018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hlc.2025.03.018","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Selective antegrade cerebral perfusion, via unilateral antegrade cerebral perfusion (uACP) or bilateral antegrade cerebral perfusion (bACP) approaches, is used in aortic arch surgery to protect the brain during circulatory arrest. Previous meta-analyses, based on unmatched observational data, found no differences between these techniques. Our updated meta-analysis exclusively examines high-quality evidence from randomised controlled trials and propensity-matched studies.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A literature search of MEDLINE, Scopus, and Cochrane databases identified relevant studies up to November 2024. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) and mean differences with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using RevMan version 8.13.0.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We included eight studies comprising 2,072 patients, with 1,025 (49.5%) patients in the uACP group. The pooled analysis revealed that uACP was associated with a shorter hospital length of stay (mean differences -2.2 days; 95% CI -3.6 to -0.7; p<0.05) and a reduced incidence of permanent neurological dysfunction (OR 0.7; 95% CI 0.5 to 0.9; p<0.05). However, uACP was linked to a higher incidence of acute kidney injury (OR 1.5; 95% CI 1.1 to 2.0; p<0.05). No statistically significant differences were observed between uACP and bACP in terms of aortic cross-clamp time, cardiopulmonary bypass duration, ventilation time, transient neurological deficits, intensive care unit length of stay, 30-day mortality, and re-exploration for bleeding.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our meta-analysis confirmed several comparable outcomes between uACP and bACP as reported in previous reviews. However, our study identified additional findings, such as a reduced hospital length of stay and lower incidence of permanent neurological dysfunction associated with uACP, alongside a higher risk of acute kidney injury.</p>","PeriodicalId":13000,"journal":{"name":"Heart, Lung and Circulation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144540047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wire Cerclage Versus Rigid Plate Fixation: A Retrospective Cohort Study and Cost-Benefit Analysis on Method of Sternotomy Closure After Cardiac Surgery.","authors":"Vikash Dhanapathy, Mark Jones, Andrie Stroebel, Cheng He","doi":"10.1016/j.hlc.2025.03.013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hlc.2025.03.013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Despite increasing evidence demonstrating the merits of rigid plate fixation over wire cerclage for sternotomy closure, wire cerclage remains the predominant standard of care, largely because of the substantial cost of plating systems and the perceived lack of difference to outcomes.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aimed to compare the incidence of sternal complications between patients receiving rigid plate fixation vs wire cerclage and thereby assess the cost vs benefit of said sternal closure methods.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective cohort analysis was performed on patients who underwent open cardiac surgery at a single Australian tertiary centre between January 2019 and January 2023. Data were obtained from the Queensland Cardiac Outcomes Registry. The rate of re-admissions for sternal complications were compared between those receiving wire cerclage sternal closure vs rigid plate fixation. Index admissions of each cohort were compared to assess secondary outcomes of hospital length of stay, intensive care unit length of stay, and admission costs, using marginal treatment effects analysis to adjust for differences in the two patient groups. Costs associated with each method of sternal closure were assessed, including those pertaining to re-admissions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 941 patients underwent sternotomy closure with wire cerclage and 67 patients received rigid plate fixation. Patients in the wire cerclage group were at higher risk of sternal complications because of a higher body mass index (33 vs 29, p<0.001), bilateral internal mammary artery graft use (22.4% vs 6.9%, p<0.001), and rate of diabetes (37.7% vs 22.2%, p=0.007). Comparing index admissions, the use of rigid plate fixation was associated with a trend towards reduced hospital length of stay (12 vs 14 days) and intensive care unit length of stay (33 vs 45 hours), with similar total admission costs. There were 37 re-admissions for sternal wound complications in the study period, all of which occurred in the wire cerclage group (incidence rate 3.9% vs 0%, p=0.17). Majority of re-admissions were attributed to deep sternal wound infection (n=21). Each re-admission was associated with an average hospital length of stay of 17 days and admission cost of $42,326 Australian dollars. Over the study period, the total cost of re-admissions for sternal complications was $1,661,414 Australian dollars.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The use of rigid plate fixation compared with wire cerclage for sternotomy closure was associated with a strong trend towards reduced sternal wound complications, such that the higher initial costs of rigid plate fixation were offset by the substantial costs of said complications. Thus, an argument is made for considering rigid plate fixation as a first-line method of sternotomy closure, regardless of risk profile.</p>","PeriodicalId":13000,"journal":{"name":"Heart, Lung and Circulation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144540048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Simple Prognostic Index Based on Heart Rate, Age, and Systolic Blood Pressure for the Risk Stratification of Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction.","authors":"Kenichi Matsushita, Kazumasa Harada, Takashi Kohno, Hiroki Nakano, Daisuke Kitano, Makoto Takei, Shun Kohsaka, Tetsuro Miyazaki, Hideaki Yoshino, Takeshi Yamamoto, Ken Nagao, Morimasa Takayama","doi":"10.1016/j.hlc.2025.03.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hlc.2025.03.007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>A rapid and effective risk stratification method is highly important for the emergency care of patients with acute heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). Previous studies (including our own), have suggested that heart rate, age, and systolic blood pressure contribute to the pathophysiology of HFpEF. This study aimed to examine the predictive utility of the thrombolysis in myocardial infarction risk index (TRI)-consisting of heart rate, age, and systolic blood pressure-for determining the in-hospital mortality in patients with acute HFpEF.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This multicentre retrospective study included 7,040 consecutive patients with acute HFpEF. The TRI was calculated as TRI=(heart rate × age/10]²)/systolic blood pressure. Univariable and multivariable Cox regression analyses were used to identify the prognostic factors for in-hospital mortality. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was performed to evaluate the predictive ability of the TRI for in-hospital mortality.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In-hospital mortality significantly increased from the low to the high quartile groups according to the TRIs. Univariable and multivariable Cox regression analyses identified the TRI as an independent prognostic factor for in-hospital mortality. The best cut-off TRI value was 35 and a TRI ≥35 had a sensitivity of 82%, specificity of 42%, positive predictive value of 66%, and negative predictive value of 98% for predicting in-hospital mortality.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The simple TRI tool is a significant predictor of in-hospital mortality of patients with acute HFpEF, suggesting that this rapid and straightforward risk stratification tool can be useful in daily clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":13000,"journal":{"name":"Heart, Lung and Circulation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144540046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Macrotroponin: A Case Series and Review of the Literature.","authors":"David Makarious, Yehuan Zhou, Jason Z Y Chung, Andrew T L Ong, Gopal Sivagangabalan, A Robert Denniss, Jay B Thakkar, Clara K Chow","doi":"10.1016/j.hlc.2025.03.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hlc.2025.03.006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cardiac troponin is a cornerstone biomarker in assessing myocardial injury, yet its interpretation is nuanced by conditions such as macrotroponins-benign immunoglobulin-troponin complexes that may result in false increases. This article presents three cases of macrotroponin-associated troponin increase, each demonstrating the diagnostic challenges posed by persistent troponin increases without clinical evidence of myocardial injury. Diagnostic workups, including imaging and immunoglobulin depletion assays, confirmed macrotroponin presence in all cases. A comprehensive literature review highlights the prevalence, mechanisms, and clinical implications of macrotroponins, emphasising the need for careful interpretation of troponin levels in biochemical-clinical discordance. The findings underscore the importance of collaboration between clinicians and laboratories to mitigate unnecessary investigations and optimise patient care.</p>","PeriodicalId":13000,"journal":{"name":"Heart, Lung and Circulation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144511746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radial Artery Conduit Use After Transradial Catheterisation.","authors":"Yantong Wang, Michael Bailey, Silvana F Marasco","doi":"10.1016/j.hlc.2025.03.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hlc.2025.03.008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Transradial catheterisation (TRC) via the radial artery (RA) is now the default approach for coronary angiography, but TRC is known to be associated with endothelial damage and vasodilatory dysfunction of the RA. To date, there is insufficient evidence regarding the impact of TRC on RA graft patency.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This retrospective cohort study of patients who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting with previously catheterised RA grafts was conducted at two major hospitals in Victoria, Australia. Graft patency was assessed with either invasive or computed tomography coronary angiography.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 68 patients were studied, all of whom had bilateral RAs harvested, of which all right RAs had been previously catheterised for angiography. Grafts included sequential and Y grafts leading to 90 left RA (LRA) grafts and 76 right RA (RRA) grafts studied. Previously catheterised RRA grafts had significantly lower patency (72%) than non-catheterised LRA grafts (87%; p=0.02). Female sex, peripheral vascular disease, and a history of myocardial infarction were associated with RRA graft occlusion. Severe right coronary artery stenosis was associated with RRA graft patency.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Previously catheterised RRA grafts may have a lower patency rate than non-catheterised LRA grafts. However, previously catheterised RAs remain a useful conduit option especially when other conduit choices are limited.</p>","PeriodicalId":13000,"journal":{"name":"Heart, Lung and Circulation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144511747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography Detects Persistent Arterial Inflammation After Symptomatic COVID-19.","authors":"Heidi Espedal, Shipra Verma, Ambuj Roy, Nick S R Lan, Sheeraz Mohd, Benjamin Bartlett, Kamar Ali, Natalie C Ward, Martin A Ebert, Dick C Chan, Gerald F Watts, Girish Dwivedi, Roslyn J Francis","doi":"10.1016/j.hlc.2025.03.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hlc.2025.03.005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There is limited knowledge of persisting vascular and systemic inflammation in adults recovered from COVID-19. This study aimed to assess whether inflammation from symptomatic mild-to-moderate COVID-19 persists beyond the apparent clinical resolution of disease using fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET).</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This observational single-centre cohort study invited adults (aged >40 years) who had clinically recovered from mild-to-moderate COVID-19. Whole-body FDG-PET imaging and C-reactive protein test were performed on the same day after a minimum of 30 days after COVID-19 diagnosis. COVID-19-naive adults at high-risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) were included for comparison (n=8); thoracic FDG-PET imaging was performed for these participants.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>FDG-PET imaging was performed after a median of 97 days (interquartile range [IQR] 75-113 days) after COVID-19 diagnosis. Participants who recovered from COVID-19 showed an increased arterial inflammation (median standard uptake value [SUV]_max 3.1; IQR 2.7-3.3) compared with the high-risk participants with CVD (median SUV_max 2.5; IQR 2.2-2.8; p<0.001). There was a moderate positive correlation between the total thoracic SUV_max and the bone marrow SUV_mean (Spearman r=0.58; p<0.001) and the spleen mean SUV_max (Spearman r=0.62, p<0.001) for participants who recovered from COVID-19.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Ongoing arterial inflammation is detected by FDG-PET imaging after mild-to-moderate COVID-19. Larger prospective studies are needed to assess the implications on CVD risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":13000,"journal":{"name":"Heart, Lung and Circulation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144505485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Scimitar Syndrome.","authors":"Chia-Yun Chang, Shao-Hua Lee, Chia-Ying Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.hlc.2025.02.109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hlc.2025.02.109","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13000,"journal":{"name":"Heart, Lung and Circulation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144496084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physiological Responses to Sit-to-Stand and Six-Minute Walk Tests in Heart Failure: A Randomised Trial.","authors":"Fergus K O'Connor, Dongyi Chen, Pramod Sharma, Julie Adsett, Rita Hwang, Llion Roberts, Aaron Bach, Menaka Louis, Norman Morris","doi":"10.1016/j.hlc.2025.03.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hlc.2025.03.002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Short-duration sit-to-stand tests are utilised in rehabilitation settings to alleviate logistical challenges associated with the six-minute walk test (6MWT). We assessed the utility of the 30-second sit-to-stand (30-STST) and 60-second sit-to-stand (60-STST) tests as surrogate measures of the 6MWT.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>On separate days, 16 male participants (71 [7] years) with stable heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (36.9 [4.9] %) completed two 6MWT and the 30-STST and 60-STST. Pulmonary gas exchange (oxygen consumption, carbon dioxide production [V˙CO₂], ventilation [V˙_E], respiratory exchange ratio, ventilatory equivalent for CO₂ [V˙_E/V˙CO₂] and partial pressure of end-tidal CO₂ [P_ETCO₂]) was measured using a portable metabolic system. Non-invasive haemodynamics (cardiac output, stroke volume, arteriovenous oxygen difference) were measured using impedance cardiography. Mean arterial pressure, heart rate, oxygen saturation and dyspnoea (0-10 scale, arbitrary units) were also monitored. Mixed-effects models (Bonferroni corrected) accounting for time (pre-exercise rest, end-exercise) and test (6MWT, 30-STST, and 60-STST) were used to assess the relation between results observed during each testing modality.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>While P_ETCO₂ (mean difference [95% confidence interval], -4.9 [-8.9 to -0.8] mmHg), and dyspnoea (1 [0-2] arbitrary units) differed between the 6MWT and 60-STST, no other differences were observed between these tests. In contrast, oxygen consumption (-0.5 [-0.6 to -0.3] L.min^-1), V˙CO₂ (-0.5 [-0.7 to -0.4] L.min^-1), V˙_E (-18.3 [-26.0 to -10.0] L.min^-1), P_ETCO₂ (-5.1 [-9.6 to -0.7] mmHg), cardiac output (-2.4 [-4.9 to -0.3] L.min^-1), heart rate (-20 [-33 to -7] beats/min) differed between the 6MWT and the 30-STST, however, no other differences were observed between the 6MWT and the 30-STST.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Cardiopulmonary, non-invasive haemodynamic and dyspnoea responses differed between the 30-STST and the 6MWT. However, the lack of test-specific differences between the 6MWT and the 60-STST highlights the strong physiological stimulus elicited by this short-duration test modality. The 60-STST has promising utility as a functional measure of heart and lung capacity within cardiac rehabilitation programs.</p>","PeriodicalId":13000,"journal":{"name":"Heart, Lung and Circulation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144340061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}