Vestnik of Astrakhan State Technical University. Series: Marine engineering and technologies最新文献

{"title":"Development of the algorithm for a comprehensive methodology for assessing the technical condition of a marine propulsion system cylinder piston group based on the indicators of the oil system","authors":"E. Mazur, N. L. Velikanov, Grigoriy Evgen'evich Ananev","doi":"10.24143/2073-1574-2024-1-72-83","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24143/2073-1574-2024-1-72-83","url":null,"abstract":"The algorithm of a complex methodology for assessing the technical condition of the cylinder piston group of a marine propulsion system is being investigated. Wear is a continuous process characteristic of all working mechanisms. Studies aimed at identifying factors contributing to the degradation of system elements of devices provide the basis for the development of preventive measures to reduce their effects. Knowledge of the technical condition of marine engine components is important for the development of measures that increase the reliability of equipment and reduce the risks of emergency situations. Some of the main approaches to modeling and evaluating the state of the cylinder-piston system of marine diesel engines are presented. To solve the problems of assessing the technical condition of the cylinder piston group during operation, classical methods of statistical data analysis are considered, methods that artificially increase the size of the data sample are proposed, machine learning methods are analyzed and the most effective for use are determined. An integrated approach is being created to study the operation process of a cylinder-piston group of diesel marine engines based on a combination of statistical methods, machine learning methods and probabilistic forecasting. A diagram of the properties of the studied parameters is illustrated for constructing a model for analyzing a cylinder-piston group system. Machine learning algorithms used to study systems are presented. The proposed technique allows, using the results of indirect measurements (data from lubrication analyses), to determine the technical condition of the engine system, in particular the cylinder piston group.","PeriodicalId":129911,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Astrakhan State Technical University. Series: Marine engineering and technologies","volume":"18 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140412221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation method for factors affecting marine diesel engine vibration caused by cylinder-piston group operation","authors":"O. V. Afanaseva","doi":"10.24143/2073-1574-2024-1-84-94","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24143/2073-1574-2024-1-84-94","url":null,"abstract":"The efficiency of the use of the marine fleet is associated with a reduction in the cost of transportation, the need for which is steadily increasing. A significant share of the total transportation costs is occupied by the costs associated with the operation of ships, therefore, reducing these costs is a reserve for reducing the cost of maritime transportation. The problem of increasing the efficiency of the operation of marine vessels is closely related not only to reducing the cost of it, but also to reducing the time for maintenance and repair of ships. The existing system of scheduled preventive maintenance and repair provides for the maintenance and restoration of the normal technical condition of the vessel and its elements with a pre-planned frequency. The transfer of ships to work with extended repair periods is possible only when solving a whole range of engineering and technical measures and scientific research aimed at improving the quality of repairs, the level of technical operation, improving logistics, etc. An essential role in this is played by the use of modern methods and means to determine the technical condition of shipboard devices and mechanisms, primarily engines of shipboard power plants (SEUs), without disassembling them. High vibration loads of SEU parts lead to fatigue stresses, accelerate wear of the contacting surfaces, reducing the reliability and service life of marine diesel engines, therefore monitoring of their vibration activity is important, especially during operation. The safe operation of ships of the transport fleet largely depends on the reliability of marine diesel engines. Technical means of monitoring their operability in the process of work are currently insufficiently effective and need to be improved. It is relevant not only to develop new, more advanced and mobile hardware and software, but also to search for new scientific and methodological approaches to using the information contained in the spectrum of vibration parameters. Marine diesel internal combustion engines are complex systems that involve many variable parameters. The study of such engines requires the use of methods that can be used to systematically investigate the influence of various factors on their operation, in particular, random experimental schemes are used, since they provide systematic control over variable parameters and maximize the accuracy of estimates. The results of the application of the method of ranking the factors influencing the vibration of a marine diesel engine are presented in order to establish the most significant of them. A mathematical model is presented that allows calculating current values and predicting changes in the most significant indicators, among which the most important is the size of the gap between the piston and the cylinder sleeve.","PeriodicalId":129911,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Astrakhan State Technical University. Series: Marine engineering and technologies","volume":"64 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140411303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Method of cyclic testing of sample-models of the crankshaft of a marine internal combustion engine for bending with torsion","authors":"Vitaliy Valer'evich Vyazankin, V. Mamontov, Konstantin Sakhno","doi":"10.24143/2073-1574-2024-1-32-37","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24143/2073-1574-2024-1-32-37","url":null,"abstract":"It is proposed to consider the bending fatigue strength of the crankshaft as the main criterion of its operability during operation. It is noted that thermomechanical straightening with heating by stress relaxation method is most acceptable for straightening critical shafts that have received a curvature of the longitudinal axis during operation. Bending fatigue tests of round samples with a diameter of 20 mm in a dangerous section were carried out to substantiate the correction technology, test modes and evaluate the results of the correction. It was found that an increase in diameter leads to a decrease in the endurance limit of structural steels. The loading scheme of the experimental sample is adopted – transverse bending with torsion. A semicircular notch in the sample was used to focus the fracture site, and the radius of the notch was calculated. The size of the sample tuck is determined by the formula based on the similarity criterion adopted in the statistical theory of similarity of fatigue failure of parts, proposed by V. P. Kogaev. The requirements for the roughness of the surface of a circular groove of at least Ra 0.16 are established. The need for control of the manufacturing technology of the experimental sample is noted. An experimental installation for testing flexural fatigue strength is proposed. A cone cartridge was used to securely fasten and prevent the sample from turning during the experiment. Experimental samples were used-models with deflection arrows of 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 mm. The method and equipment for obtaining samples with the necessary deflection arrows have been determined. Diagrams of a model sample for testing cantilever bending with torsion, an experimental installation for testing model samples, bending to a given deflection arrow, and a model sample with a curved longitudinal axis are presented.","PeriodicalId":129911,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Astrakhan State Technical University. Series: Marine engineering and technologies","volume":"32 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140413358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prospects for the diesel fuel equipment development in the near future","authors":"Gennady Bencianovich Gorelik, Anatoly Nikolaevich Sobolenko, Sergey Vital'evich Pastukhov","doi":"10.24143/2073-1574-2024-1-58-63","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24143/2073-1574-2024-1-58-63","url":null,"abstract":"The analysis of the positive qualities of Common Rail (CR) fuel equipment widely used in diesels today is given. The possibility of optimal diesel control, high injection pressure, elimination of repeated fuel injections, improvement of fuel efficiency, reduction of the difference in the amplitude of torque fluctuations in the cylinders, very precise regulation of the beginning of fuel supply, a high degree of diagnosability of fuel equipment, the possibility of precise regulation of the uniformity of fuel supply through the cylinders, the ability to ensure optimal regulation of the turbocharger are noted, the ability to turn off a number of cylinders and ensure that cycles are skipped when operating under partial loading conditions. Disadvantages are also presented, in particular, a large number of various elements and sensors, activators and other controls are included in the injection system, as well as the increased demands of CR-type fuel equipment on the purity and quality of diesel fuel. When operating in low-flow modes, the injection pressure is significantly reduced to a value of 60-80 MPa, which leads to fuel overspending, the cost of fuel equipment is about twice as much as classical fuel equipment, the starting properties of diesel (as evidenced by operation) decrease sharply after 500-800 hours of operation, problems arise with maintaining high pressure in the ramp (battery), possible ruptures and leakages of the high-pressure system lead to increased fire hazard of the engine. The reasons for increased carbon formation and loss of operational efficiency and reliability are listed. Using the methods of relative penalty points, the quality of traditional fuel equipment and CR-type equipment was compared. Based on the analysis, a conclusion is made about the scope of application of this new system and traditional classical fuel equipment in the near future. The operating conditions, the qualifications of the maintenance personnel, modern requirements of standards for noise, toxicity of diesel engines and their reliability indicators were taken into account.","PeriodicalId":129911,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Astrakhan State Technical University. Series: Marine engineering and technologies","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140410920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research results of marine diesel engine harmful emissions reducing by supplying additional components into the cylinder","authors":"A. Grabarchuk, Konstantin Vladimirovich Romokhov, Alexander Viktorovich Vasilyev, M. N. Pokusaev","doi":"10.24143/2073-1574-2023-4-72-79","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24143/2073-1574-2023-4-72-79","url":null,"abstract":"A study was conducted in order to reduce harmful emissions of marine diesel by feeding additional components into the cylinder due to stricter requirements for the level of harmful emissions from marine power plants. It is noted that it is most difficult to achieve compliance with environmental requirements for diesel engines that have been built for more than 20 years and have been operated on ships for a long time. The use of complex methods to improve their environmental characteristics can lead to a significant increase in the cost of measures to modernize them and increase operating costs. The supply of additional components to diesel cylinders to reduce harmful NOx and COx emissions is considered. The experiments were carried out on a marine diesel generator based on diesel 1H17.5/24 with the use of water and ethanol supply to the cylinder. As a result of high-pressure water supply, a 30% reduction in NOx was noted, and no reduction in COx was noted. When ethanol is supplied, it is revealed that there is a positive effect on the reduction of NOx, but there is an increase in CO and exhaust gas temperature, which does not make it possible to unambiguously determine the positive effect. Additional research is required on the use of ethanol and other components as additional components to improve the environmental performance (reduce emissions) of marine diesel engines. Conclusions are drawn about the possibility of using alcohol solutions, changing the amount and time of supply of ethanol and other additional components to obtain more effective indicators.","PeriodicalId":129911,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Astrakhan State Technical University. Series: Marine engineering and technologies","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139230504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On the issue of choosing calculation methods in problems of monitoring local strength in on-board intelligent systems","authors":"E. Burakovskiy, P. Burakovskiy, Andrey Vladimirovich Verevochkin, Vyacheslav Mihaylovich Yusyp","doi":"10.24143/2073-1574-2023-4-7-16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24143/2073-1574-2023-4-7-16","url":null,"abstract":"The results of the analysis of emergency statistics indicate that the problem of improving the safety of sea navigation remains very relevant. At the same time, one of the causes of serious damage to the hulls of ships is the effect of intense locally distributed loads, which often lead to the destruction of structures and even the death of ships. A promising way to solve this problem is the introduction of onboard intelligent systems into the practice of ship operation. To develop a local strength control unit, it is necessary to have methods for calculating structural elements beyond the elastic limit that provide the required accuracy with minimal computing power. A technique has been developed to take into account the effect of subsidence of frames adjacent to the loaded frame on the deformation of the locally loaded side overlap, and an assessment of the possibility of its application in the local strength control unit of the onboard intelligent system has been carried out. The presented technique is based on the realization of the hypothesis “about the instantaneous opening of plastic hinges”. The comparison with the calculation results using the finite element method implemented in the ANSYS software package is carried out. An acceptable for strength calculations of ship hull structures agreement of the results was noted, which indicates the possibility of practical use of the developed methodology, in particular when implementing the local strength control unit in on-board intelligent systems.","PeriodicalId":129911,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Astrakhan State Technical University. Series: Marine engineering and technologies","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139234024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coordinate separation method for modeling the ship winch drive","authors":"A. Ivanovskaya, O. Bezjukov","doi":"10.24143/2073-1574-2023-4-55-61","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24143/2073-1574-2023-4-55-61","url":null,"abstract":"The operation of the lifting equipment of a fishing vessel has a number of differences from similar shore devices or cranes and winches operated on transport vessels. The difference from coastal equipment is the external impact from the marine environment, manifested by on-board or keel rolling. The lifting equipment of a transport vessel, influenced by hydrometeorological factors, transports cargo with constant parameters, i.e. the effective load can be calculated according to a proven methodology in accordance with standards. The relevance of the task of improving the methodology for calculating operational loads acting on the lifting equipment of a fishing vessel is confirmed. The accuracy of mathematical models plays a key role in the development of an automatic control system, which must be taken into account when designing modern fishing vessels. When developing mathematical models, both hydrometeorological factors (wind and wave load, surface and underwater current) and variable parameters of the towed object (mass, hydrodynamic resistance, shape, movement on the ground, etc.) should be considered. Forecasting the dynamic behavior of each element of the “ship - winch - cable - towed object” system it will ensure operational and environmental safety, reliability, as well as energy and economic efficiency of the new fishing vessel as a whole. The method of coordinate separation used for mathematical modeling of the ship's winch drive, the operation of which is characterized by non-stationary dynamic processes arising from the effects of hydrometeorological factors and variable loading from the towed object, is presented. The advantage of this modeling method is the choice of any coordinate as an independent one, without being tied to the actual location.","PeriodicalId":129911,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Astrakhan State Technical University. Series: Marine engineering and technologies","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139231105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a digital twin of a marine diesel engine torsional vibration damper using a monitoring system","authors":"Maxim Michailovich Gorbachev, M. N. Pokusaev, Mikhail Fedorovich Rudenko","doi":"10.24143/2073-1574-2023-4-62-71","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24143/2073-1574-2023-4-62-71","url":null,"abstract":"The torsional vibration damper of a marine diesel engine is investigated in connection with the development of a digital double of the damper. The development of a digital twin of the torsional vibration damper of a marine diesel engine is carried out using data received from the monitoring system. The rules of classification societies, scientific and technical literature in the field of torsional vibrations and the authors' own research were used. A structural model of the digital twin was obtained with the testing of its functionality on the damper of the torsional oscillations of the main engine MAN B&W 8L27/38 of the vessel of the Turcas project. Conclusions are drawn about the possibility of developing a digital twin of the torsional vibration damper of marine diesel engines and using it to assess the technical condition and purpose of the residual life of the damper. The use of a digital twin made it possible to assess the degree of change in the technical condition and residual life for the torsional vibration damper of the main engine of the MAN B&W 8L27/38 vessel of the Turcas project. As a result of monitoring of the cruise oscillations for the engine-propulsion complex of the tanker of the Turcas project, a definition (assessment) of the technical condition of the damper was given. The assigned resource based on the results of measurements for 11 days is 7 500 hours of work.","PeriodicalId":129911,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Astrakhan State Technical University. Series: Marine engineering and technologies","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139232360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Water supply to the intake manifold of an pendent four-stroke outboard motor","authors":"M. N. Pokusaev, K. Khmelnitsky, A. Khmelnitskaya, Alexander Viktorovich Vasilyev","doi":"10.24143/2073-1574-2023-4-46-54","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24143/2073-1574-2023-4-46-54","url":null,"abstract":"The tangible negative sides of small vessels with outboard outboard motors include high fuel consumption in relation to the generated power, as well as their low environmental characteristics, expressed in harmful emissions, harmful discharges. When assessing the impact of the impact of the entire world fleet on the environment, small-sized small vessels should not be neglected because of their massive prevalence. Experimental data aimed at improving the environmental characteristics of an outboard outboard motor by reducing harmful emissions by injecting water in the fine-dispersion phase into the suction manifold of the engine are considered. The environmental characteristics of water supply to the intake manifold of a four-stroke outboard outboard motor are analyzed; regulatory and technical doc-umentation concerning the limitation of harmful emissions on small vessels with outboard outboard motors is investi-gated; the existing methods of water supply to the intake manifold of four-stroke engines are considered and a patent search is conducted. A device generating a fine-dispersed fog-like cloud was installed on the outboard motor engine, an experimental assessment of the content of harmful emissions in exhaust gases was carried out in terms of components such as carbon monoxide, carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides when water is supplied to the intake manifold of a four-stroke outboard motor by laboratory measurements in a small experimental pool and outdoors. The content of harmful emissions in exhaust gases is estimated when water is supplied to the intake manifold of a four-stroke outboard motor. The ecological effect of installing a water supply device into the intake manifold of a four-stroke outboard outboard motor is analyzed. A four-stroke outboard outboard motor with a capacity of 4 hp and a change in its environmental characteristics when water is injected into the cylinder are investigated.","PeriodicalId":129911,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Astrakhan State Technical University. Series: Marine engineering and technologies","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139231888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Results of studies of higher harmonics during the operation of ship frequency-controlled asynchronous electric drives","authors":"Valeriy Feodosievich Beley, Kirill Viktorovich Korotkikh, Nikolay Yakovlevich Sinyavskij","doi":"10.24143/2073-1574-2023-4-80-87","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24143/2073-1574-2023-4-80-87","url":null,"abstract":"One of the directions of scientific and technological progress at sea-based facilities is the use of electrical technologies based on nonlinear elements. It is revealed that the use of such technologies leads to a deterioration in the quality of electricity, mainly due to higher harmonic. The results of theoretical and experimental studies of the higher harmonic components of voltage and current occurring during the operation of ship frequency-controlled asynchronous electric drives are presented. During operation of a frequency-controlled electric drive high current harmonics of mainly 5, 7, 11, 13 orders are emitted into the power supply network, which is due to the presence of a six-phase rectifier. This leads to distortion of the sinusoid of the supply voltage, since the higher harmonic components of the current, propagating through the electrical network, create corresponding voltage drops on its elements. Along with the main harmonic of the voltage of a given frequency, the higher harmonic components of the voltage flow from the autonomous voltage inverter to the stator winding of the asynchronous electric motor, which causes the higher current harmonics and torques of the forward and reverse current sequences in the stator and rotor windings. As a result additional heating of the stator and rotor windings occurs and vibrations of the asynchronous motor shaft at frequencies of 300 and 600 Hz occur. A method for measuring the vibration of a frequency-controlled asynchronous electric drive from the interaction of the moments of the reverse and forward sequences has been developed and experimentally confirmed. A method for calculating the intrinsic frequency of oscillations of the asynchronous motor-load machine system is proposed, confirmed by the example of a laboratory installation. To accurately calculate the natural frequency of the oscillatory system, it is necessary to experimentally measure the moments of inertia of the rotor of an asynchronous motor and the armature of a DC motor.","PeriodicalId":129911,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Astrakhan State Technical University. Series: Marine engineering and technologies","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139231829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}