Journal of Indira Gandhi Institute Of Medical Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Step aside, Freud – There is a new co-analyst in town, and it is powered by artificial intelligence","authors":"NitinP Dharwadkar","doi":"10.4103/jigims.jigims_34_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jigims.jigims_34_23","url":null,"abstract":"This article aimed to provide a mini-review of the current applications of artificial intelligence (AI) in the field of psychiatry, with a focus on its potential future uses and the associated benefits. PubMed and Google Scholar engines were searched using individual keyword followed by a search of more than one word in different permutations and combinations. The integration of AI technologies into psychiatric practices has introduced a new realm of possibilities, transforming the discipline and offering opportunities to enhance diagnostics, improve treatment outcomes, and reshape the landscape of mental health care. However, it is essential to recognize and address the potential negative consequences that may arise from the use of AI in psychiatry, including ethical concerns, privacy issues, and potential biases. By acknowledging both the opportunities and challenges, this article aimed to promote a balanced approach in harnessing the full potential of AI while mitigating any adverse impacts.","PeriodicalId":129352,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Indira Gandhi Institute Of Medical Sciences","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135212850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on asymptomatic carotid artery disease in high-risk population: A hospital-based study in the eastern part of India","authors":"Manisha Kumari, Govind Kumar, SanjayKumar Suman, Ved Prakash","doi":"10.4103/jigims.jigims_20_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jigims.jigims_20_23","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Stroke is the most important cause of mortality and morbidity. Carotid artery disease is the leading cause of ischemic stroke. Carotid intima-media thickness can be used as an important tool for severity of atherosclerosis. This study revised the usefulness of carotid Doppler as a useful tool for stroke. Aim and Objective: (1) To assess the prevalence of asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis (extra cranial) in high-risk individuals of the North-East Indian region (2) To find out the relationship of underlying disease with the severity of carotid artery stenosis. Methods: It was a prospective, cross-sectional study. The patients attending the department of general medicine, endocrinology, and cardiology were studied. Carotid duplex ultrasound was used to evaluate carotid arteries on 100 individuals having high risk factors such as age more than 40 years, hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus, and coronary heart disease for atherosclerotic diseases. Results: The age range was 40–79 years. Forty-four percent participants had carotid artery diseases of which 6% had significant carotid artery stenosis. In our study, established risk factors for atherosclerosis as advancing age >60 years, hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia were not significantly associated with severe carotid artery stenosis. Conclusion: In this study, established independent risk factors for atherosclerosis were not statistically significant in causing severe carotid artery stenosis. This result may be due to the small study population. However, it is suggested to do study on large populations to establish or to rule out the association of significant carotid stenosis with established risk factors of atherosclerosis.","PeriodicalId":129352,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Indira Gandhi Institute Of Medical Sciences","volume":"85 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135213090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An outcome study on conservative management of spinal tuberculosis","authors":"Ritesh Runu, Nischay Kaushik, Ayush Choudhary, BimleshKumar Bimal, Wasim Ahmed, Nishant Kashyap","doi":"10.4103/jigims.jigims_30_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jigims.jigims_30_22","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Spinal tuberculosis (TB) is a serious form of extrapulmonary TB which if left untreated can be fatal due to vertebral body collapse causing cord compression, neurological deficit, and visceral complications. It is mainly treated by antitubercular therapy and bracing. If required, debridement and fixation is also done. With the advent of magnetic resonance imaging and other diagnostics, spinal TB can be detected early. With early diagnosis, we want to assess the outcome of conservative management of spinal TB in the population of Bihar. Materials and Methods: After ethical clearance, a prospective study on 60 patients with spinal TB was conducted. The diagnosis was based on clinical signs and symptoms, serological tests, radiological tests, and histological confirmation. Antitubercular therapy was started and regular assessment was done clinically, serologically, and radiologically. Based on all three parameters, the therapy was stopped once the patient had healed TB. Results: Twenty-eight patients out of 60 had a neurological deficit, and after treatment, 20 patients completely recovered. Kyphosis was seen in 5 patients at presentation and 13 patients after completion of therapy. Two patients developed scoliosis after therapy completion. None had a neurological deficit. Conclusions: Spinal TB can be effectively treated by anti-TB therapy which helps in disease extirpation and neurological improvement but does not prevent the development of spinal deformity.","PeriodicalId":129352,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Indira Gandhi Institute Of Medical Sciences","volume":"149 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135214445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pregnancy-related acute kidney injury: A narrative review","authors":"NitinK Bajpai, Abhilasha Soni, Archana Bajpayee, Manish Chaturvedy, Rajesh Jhorawat","doi":"10.4103/jigims.jigims_37_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jigims.jigims_37_23","url":null,"abstract":"An acute renal insult during pregnancy increases the chances of acquiring chronic kidney disease in future by many folds; thus, the management of renal disease in pregnancy becomes increasingly important to the nephrologist. In depth understanding of normal physiological changes during pregnancy is crucial in diagnostic evaluation and management. Acute insult to kidney can happen any time during pregnancy and even in the postpartum period. The incidence of acute kidney injury during pregnancy has decreased over time due to improvement in health sector and various policies promoting woman health. Women with pre-existing renal disorders face various challenges in pregnancy including increased risk of disease progression, the potential teratogenicity of medications and various fetal implications like preterm delivery or intra-uterine death. Pre-existing autoimmune disease or diabetes mellitus requires interdisciplinary team management for favorable maternal and fetal outcome. This review highlights the physiologic changes in pregnancy, different spectrum of kidney diseases related to pregnancy and their management.","PeriodicalId":129352,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Indira Gandhi Institute Of Medical Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134884874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative and quantitative study of three premier medical institutes in India so as to suggest baseline of key performance indicators for medical colleges","authors":"R. Harsvardhan, Akanksha Singh","doi":"10.4103/jigims.jigims_34_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jigims.jigims_34_22","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: There has been substantial increase in the number of medical colleges along with student enrollment necessitate a need for improving the quality of medical education in India. This led to the development of accreditation and ranking system for medical institutions. Key performance indicators (KPIs) for medical institutions can be determined by parameters considered for accreditation and ranking of medical institutes. KPIs for medical institutions are set of quantifiable measurements used to analyze long-term performance and progress of the medical institutions. KPIs provide a focus for strategic and operational improvement, create an analytical basis for decision-making, and help focus attention on parameters that matter most in improving the quality of teaching and learning resources and patient care services provided by the medical institutes. Methodology: A descriptive and quantitative study was conducted to compare secondary data of three premier medical institutions of India, namely, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi; Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh; and Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow. Baseline for KPIs was designed based on the parameters included in external accreditation and ranking, namely, National Accreditation and Assessment Council Accreditation, National Institutional Ranking Framework Ranking, National Accreditation Board for Hospitals and Healthcare Providers Accreditation, and National Accreditation Board for Testing and Calibration Laboratories Accreditation. Observations and Results: Teaching and training identify four KPIs, annual intake of undergraduate students per hospital beds, annul intake of postgraduate students (DM/MCh/MD/MS degree, DNB, Diploma, Certificate programs, Fellowships, PhD) per hospital beds, annual intake of nursing students expressed as ratio of available hospital beds, and annual intake of paramedical and allied students (diploma, degree, pharmacy, etc.) expressed as ratio of available hospital beds. Patient care includes annual outpatient department consultations including casualty (old + new) expressed as ratio of available clinical faculty, annual In-Patient Department (IPD) admission expressed as ratio of available hospital beds, and annual surgeries conducted (operations and procedures) expressed as ratio of available surgeons. Research and publications include total number of extramural projects currently running expressed as ratio of faculty, total amount of extramural grant expressed as ratio of faculty, and total number of indexed research publications per faculty. Conclusion: The KPIs are absolute necessity due to increase in number of medical colleges across the country. KPIs provide a focus for strategic and operational improvement, create an analytical basis for decision-making, and help focus attention on what matters most to enhance the quality and performance of the medical institutes ","PeriodicalId":129352,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Indira Gandhi Institute Of Medical Sciences","volume":"135 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132944953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mind, body medicine: The new age prescription","authors":"Sangeeta Pankaj","doi":"10.4103/2394-9031.373401","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2394-9031.373401","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":129352,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Indira Gandhi Institute Of Medical Sciences","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131360465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding mechanism of traumatic spinal cord injury in an emergent nation: A coast to coast survey","authors":"Raj Kumar, Abhinav Singh, Ganesh Kumar","doi":"10.4103/jigims.jigims_21_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jigims.jigims_21_23","url":null,"abstract":"Background: People with a spinal cord injury (SCI) have poor survival rates in low- and middle-income group countries. SCI prevention is critical to decreasing societal and individual health expenditure. Knowledge of the mechanism of SCI and contributory factors is necessary for successful prevention programs. There are limited population-based studies that explain the cause of SCI in an emergent economy like India. Available studies are limited to a specific region or hospital. Our study was done to understand the causes of traumatic SCI all over India. Methods: Online survey was conducted among SCI patients. Patients were given objective questions. Consecutive participants in 6 months were included from April 2022 to October 2022. Snow-bowling method was followed. Participants who had a SCI with known etiology were included in the analysis (n = 96). Different mechanisms of SCI documented in the databases were stratified by personal characteristics using descriptive analysis. Results: Road traffic accidents (RTAs) followed by fall from height were the biggest contributor of SCI. The most common causes of SCI were RTAs (50%) and fall from height (37.50%), followed by assault (4.17%), and others (8.33%). Conclusion: In primarily agriculture-based countries, fall from height (especially tree) was expected to be a major mechanism of SCI; however, our study shows a reversal of a trend. Improvement in rural infrastructure is decreasing the gap between RTA and falls from height as a major mechanism of SCI. It is time to make health policies primarily to prevent RTA and fall from height.","PeriodicalId":129352,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Indira Gandhi Institute Of Medical Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135213082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anesthetic management of renal transplant surgery in a patient with severe mitral regurgitation and moderate pulmonary hypertension as sequelae of infective endocarditis","authors":"Vanrokhawl Thiek, TitishaSarkar Mitra","doi":"10.4103/jigims.jigims_26_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jigims.jigims_26_23","url":null,"abstract":"Patients with end-stage renal disease require regular dialysis, mainly through a subclavian or jugular venous catheter, putting them at high risk of infection both due to the invasive catheter and low immunity. We report the successful management of renal transplant in a patient who developed severe mitral regurgitation (MR) due to posterior mitral leaflet perforation and also moderate pulmonary hypertension (PH) and moderate tricuspid regurgitation. The anesthetic target was maintenance of relative tachycardia and prevention of hypothermia, hypoxia and acidosis to prevent further increase in pulmonary resistance as well as correction of any electrolyte imbalance due to underlying chronic kidney disease. This may be the first case of a successful renal transplant in a patient of postinfective endocarditis with sequelae of severe MR and moderate PH.","PeriodicalId":129352,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Indira Gandhi Institute Of Medical Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135213925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychosocial impact of chronic otitis media on quality of life – A review","authors":"SantoshKumar Swain","doi":"10.4103/jigims.jigims_31_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jigims.jigims_31_23","url":null,"abstract":"Due to several unpleasant symptoms that reduce people's quality of life (QOL), chronic otitis media (COM) is considered a serious illness. Clinical signs of COM include hearing loss, otorrhea, ear fullness, ear discomfort, headache, and frequent tinnitus. COM is probably a trigger for the emergence of psychological issues and chronic stress. In addition, the inability to converse due to hearing loss is a limitation. The QOL is impacted in COM with hearing loss. Disabling hearing loss can have a significant effect on daily activities. For children to develop speech and language, proper hearing is necessary. Adults with hearing problems may have trouble finding work. Health-related QOL is an ever-increasing entity in health parameters. There is very little research done on COM and its psychosocial impact on QOL. This review article focuses on the psychosocial impact of QOL among patients with COM. This review article discusses epidemiology, COM, QOL, and their impact on patients in different age groups.","PeriodicalId":129352,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Indira Gandhi Institute Of Medical Sciences","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134883504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A study to assess the impact of appropriate intervention/s on compliance w.r.t. key hospital infection control parameters in dialysis unit of a tertiary healthcare teaching institute in India","authors":"R. Harsvardhan, Ruchi Kushwaha, Richa Mishra, N. Prasad","doi":"10.4103/jigims.jigims_6_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jigims.jigims_6_23","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the impact of appropriate interventions on key infection control parameters subsequent to baseline assessment in dialysis unit with objectives to ascertain the current status of knowledge, attitude, and practice for key hospital infection control (HIC) parameters, to develop and execute appropriate interventions, to assess the impact of interventions, and to recommend an evidence-based HIC module. Methodology: An interventional, longitudinal study was conducted from April 2018 to May 2019 in dialysis unit of SGPGI. Study samples were nurses and technicians. The questionnaire was designed to assess knowledge and attitude. To evaluate practices, a checklist was drafted and graduated by scoring from 0 to 10. Interventions made were on-site training and workshop, IEC, and placement of alcohol-based hand rub. Data analysis was done by SPSS 23. For normally distributed data of the study, Descriptive Statistics was presented in the form of mean ± 2 standard deviation. Paired Sample t-test was used to compare the mean score and Chi Square test was used to compare the Knowledge between pre and post-intervention. Results: The overall improvement in knowledge was from 55% to 70% (P = 0.017–0.000). For attitude, the mean scores changed from 4.61 ± 0.562, 4.63 ± 0.582, 4.40 ± 0.756, and 4.36 ± 0.889 to 69 ± 0.493, 4.76 ± 0.428, 4.73 ± 0.449, and 4.64 ± 0.621. Regarding practices, prior to intervention, the mean scores were 20.49 ± 5.699, 48.75 ± 18.185, 63.25 ± 22.376, and 23.03 ± 10.036, and following intervention, it was found to be 22.98 ± 6.614 (2.49% increase, t = −2.990; P = 0.004), 52.81 ± 19.074 (4.06% increase, t = −1.473; P = 0.145), 68.00 ± 21.955 (4.75% increase, t = −1.472; P = 0.145), and 31.06 ± 13.400 (8.03% increase, t = −4.270; P = 0.000). Conclusions: Hemodialysis patients are vulnerable to severe infections for many reasons in dialysis setting including the failure to comply with appropriate hand hygiene, contamination of the instrument, or improper disinfection practices.","PeriodicalId":129352,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Indira Gandhi Institute Of Medical Sciences","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126733537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}