{"title":"Self-reported awareness of genetic testing, the impact of family history, and access to clinical trials for people diagnosed with ovarian cancer in Australia","authors":"Deborah Roczo , Vanessa Alford , Alison Trainer , Anna DeFazio , Amy Pearn , Caitlin Delaney , Megan Cotter , Sue Hegarty","doi":"10.1016/j.gore.2024.101427","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gore.2024.101427","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>To assess the understanding of people diagnosed with ovarian cancer regarding genetic testing; to understand knowledge gaps among people diagnosed with ovarian cancer that may impact best practice care; and to monitor overall changes in understanding from 2015 to 2022.</p></div><div><h3>Design</h3><p>Longitudinal ’opt-in’ study using an online survey tool at three timepoints: 2015, 2018 and 2022.</p></div><div><h3>Participants</h3><p>People in Australia (or their families / caregivers) diagnosed with ovarian cancer between 2010 and 2022).</p></div><div><h3>Main outcome measures</h3><p>Self-reported awareness of heritable risk factors for ovarian cancer, genetic testing approaches and participation in clinical trials.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The study indicated that there have been improvements in the understanding and awareness of people diagnosed with ovarian cancer regarding familial risk (an increase from 43.6% (45 of 149) in 2015 to 62.9% (166 of 264) in 2022); but people were less likely to be aware of the difference between somatic (tumour) and germline testing (120 of 266, 45.1%). However, there were self-reported improvements to clinical trial access in non-metropolitan areas (12 of 64, 18.8% in 2022 compared to 22 of 145, 15.2% in 2018), bringing it on par with metropolitan areas (32 of 169, 18.9% in 2022).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Despite improved awareness about genetic testing among people diagnosed with ovarian cancer, there remain knowledge gaps in understanding of genetic testing types (germline and somatic) and gene variant targeted therapies; and further work to improve clinical trial awareness and access is required.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12873,"journal":{"name":"Gynecologic Oncology Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352578924001061/pdfft?md5=1cb37abdd636a40d68103691ea733050&pid=1-s2.0-S2352578924001061-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141324662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Frank Ssedyabane , Ekwaro A. Obuku , Eve Namisango , Joseph Ngonzi , Cesar M. Castro , Hakho Lee , Thomas C. Randall , Moses Ocan , Robert Apunyo , Alison Annet Kinengyere , Rogers Kajabwangu , Aziza Tahirah Kisawe , Josephine Nambi Najjuma , Deusdedit Tusubira , Nixon Niyonzima
{"title":"The diagnostic accuracy of serum and plasma microRNAs in detection of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and cervical cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Frank Ssedyabane , Ekwaro A. Obuku , Eve Namisango , Joseph Ngonzi , Cesar M. Castro , Hakho Lee , Thomas C. Randall , Moses Ocan , Robert Apunyo , Alison Annet Kinengyere , Rogers Kajabwangu , Aziza Tahirah Kisawe , Josephine Nambi Najjuma , Deusdedit Tusubira , Nixon Niyonzima","doi":"10.1016/j.gore.2024.101424","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gore.2024.101424","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Studies suggest a need for new diagnostic approaches for cervical cancer including microRNA technology. In this review, we assessed the diagnostic accuracy of microRNAs in detecting cervical cancer and Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia (CIN).</p><p>We performed a systematic review following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis guideline for protocols (PRISMA-P). We searched for all articles in online databases and grey literature from 01st January 2012 to 16th August 2022. We used the quality assessment of diagnostic accuracy studies tool (QUADAS-2) to assess the risk of bias of included studies and then conducted a Random Effects Meta-analysis.</p><p>We identified 297 articles and eventually extracted data from 24 studies. Serum/plasma concentration miR-205, miR-21, miR-192, and miR-9 showed highest diagnostic accuracy (AUC of 0.750, 0.689, 0.980, and 0.900, respectively) for detecting CIN from healthy controls. MicroRNA panels (miR-21, miR-125b and miR-370) and (miR-9, miR-10a, miR-20a and miR-196a and miR-16–2) had AUC values of 0.897 and 0.886 respectively for detecting CIN from healthy controls. For detection of cervical cancer from healthy controls, the most promising microRNAs were miR-21, miR-205, miR-192 and miR-9 (AUC values of 0.723, 0.960, 1.00, and 0.99 respectively).</p><p>We report higher diagnostic accuracy of upregulated microRNAs, especially miR-205, miR-9, miR-192, and miR-21. This highlights their potential as stand-alone screening or diagnostic tests, either with others, in a new algorithm, or together with other biomarkers for purposes of detecting cervical lesions. Future studies could standardize quantification methods, and also study microRNAs in higher prevalence populations like in sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia.</p><p>Our review protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42022313275).</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12873,"journal":{"name":"Gynecologic Oncology Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352578924001036/pdfft?md5=ea935c0eb5c0f0f252863290337acb79&pid=1-s2.0-S2352578924001036-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141290468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Feng Yang , Shoujun Liang , Chuanzhong Liu , Yeping Wei , Liying Zhang
{"title":"Endometrial large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma: A case report and literature review","authors":"Feng Yang , Shoujun Liang , Chuanzhong Liu , Yeping Wei , Liying Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.gore.2024.101429","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gore.2024.101429","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Endometrial large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC) is a highly malignant tumor that presents with neuroendocrine function. It is difficult to diagnose at an early stage. Moreover, the diagnosis depends on the pathological and immunohistochemical findings. It is also prone to distant metastasis, but is difficult to treat and shows poor prognosis. Presently, there exists no unified treatment plan, and the prognosis of this disease is also poor. We reported here an analysis and literature review of a case of endometrial LCNEC to facilitate the comprehension of this disease and provide help toward clinical diagnosis and treatment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12873,"journal":{"name":"Gynecologic Oncology Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352578924001085/pdfft?md5=fc57288a880ba829517d95451f0c7cdb&pid=1-s2.0-S2352578924001085-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141275018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kristen Stearns , Binathi Vuppuluri , Ruth Lininger , Laurel K. Berry
{"title":"IgG4-related disease in the pelvis: A mimicker of gynecologic malignancy","authors":"Kristen Stearns , Binathi Vuppuluri , Ruth Lininger , Laurel K. Berry","doi":"10.1016/j.gore.2024.101428","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gore.2024.101428","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This report describes a unique case of IgG4-related disease in a 36-year-old woman who presented with a pelvic mass. Although CT and MR imaging initially suggested a malignant process, further work-up including sigmoidoscopy and surgical exploration revealed no evidence of malignancy. The final pathology indicated an inflammatory process, leading to the diagnosis of IgG4-related disease. After receiving appropriate systemic treatment, the patient's symptoms significantly improved. This case underscores the limitations of current imaging studies and emphasizes the importance of considering a wide range of potential diagnoses when dealing with pelvic masses of uncertain etiology.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12873,"journal":{"name":"Gynecologic Oncology Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352578924001073/pdfft?md5=fefb18b456d26aa30d1e0ce16b7c9887&pid=1-s2.0-S2352578924001073-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141239808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Open total mesometrial resection for cervical cancer","authors":"K.V.V.N. RAJU, Pavan Kumar Jonnada, Madhunarayana Badude, Siddarth Nekkanti, Syed Nusrath, Pradeep Keshri, Raghu Ram Reddy","doi":"10.1016/j.gore.2024.101410","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gore.2024.101410","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Cervical cancer management often relies on surgical interventions, among which open total mesometrial resection (TMMR) has gained prominence. This abstract gives an insight into the technique of TMMR in the surgical treatment of cervical cancer. TMMR involves precise dissection of the mesometrium surrounding the cervix, aiming for optimal oncological outcomes while minimizing surgical morbidity.</p></div><div><h3>Methods (or Technique)</h3><p>TMMR entails meticulous dissection of the mesometrium surrounding the cervix, following embryonic planes to ensure complete removal of the primary tumour and associated lymphadenectomy. Access to the abdomen is achieved through either a muscle-cutting transverse or midline abdominal incision. The procedure emphasizes meticulous dissection and removal of the tumour-containing area, with careful attention to preserving vital structures such as the ureters and pelvic autonomic nerves to minimize postoperative complications. Extensive lymphadenectomy, including first and second echelon nodal groups, and in selected cases, third echelon nodes such as lower paraaortic nodes, is performed.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>TMMR offers several advantages, including precise identification and preservation of vital structures, thorough lymphadenectomy, and favourable oncological outcomes with improved survival rates. Importantly, TMMR allows for the avoidance of radiation therapy in the majority of operable cervical cancer cases. In conclusion, TMMR represents a cornerstone in the surgical management of cervical cancer, striking a balance between oncological efficacy, radiation avoidance, and preservation of patients’ quality of life.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12873,"journal":{"name":"Gynecologic Oncology Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352578924000894/pdfft?md5=4599091bb37f9d4353651e5a8503f468&pid=1-s2.0-S2352578924000894-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141239268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jenny L. Soiffer , Alexander J. Fife , Shrikanth S. Gadad , Javier A. Laurini , Julia A. Elvin , Sara S. Isani , Ken Y. Lin
{"title":"Durable partial response to pembrolizumab, lenvatinib, and letrozole in a case of recurrent uterine carcinosarcoma with ESR1 gene amplification","authors":"Jenny L. Soiffer , Alexander J. Fife , Shrikanth S. Gadad , Javier A. Laurini , Julia A. Elvin , Sara S. Isani , Ken Y. Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.gore.2024.101426","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gore.2024.101426","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12873,"journal":{"name":"Gynecologic Oncology Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S235257892400105X/pdfft?md5=e968a33e486598435e7f59c3afc3db55&pid=1-s2.0-S235257892400105X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141239269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aparna Kailasam, Aminah Jatoi, Evelyn Reynolds, William Cliby, Carrie Langstraat
{"title":"Understanding the patient experience in nonsurgical management of endometrial cancer and complex atypical hyperplasia due to obesity: A qualitative analysis","authors":"Aparna Kailasam, Aminah Jatoi, Evelyn Reynolds, William Cliby, Carrie Langstraat","doi":"10.1016/j.gore.2024.101425","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gore.2024.101425","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>Patients with class 3 obesity (BMI ≥ 40) and significant medical comorbidities with complex atypical hyperplasia (CAH) and early-stage endometrial cancer (EC) present challenges in standard surgical management. Progestin therapy is an alternative used for patient-centered reasons, including the desire for uterine preservation or because surgery is not a safe option. Our objective was to gain insights into the patient experience when undergoing this treatment approach.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We identified and recruited patients who received oral or IUD progesterone in the last 5 years for EC or CAH. We conducted semi-structured phone interviews regarding patients’ experience with non-surgical management as well as decision-making factors to start progesterone and weight loss. Interviews were audio-recorded and transcriptions were analyzed for common themes.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 20 interviews were performed. We enrolled nine patients with CAH, eight with grade 1 EC, and three with grade 2 EC. The majority of patients (18/20) were managed with IUD. We identified the following 5 common themes support in diagnostic workup and long-term outcomes, autonomy in care, thoroughness in counseling, emotional impact of diagnosis, and perception of obesity as a defining identity.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The themes identified in the present study highlight the challenges and the stigma these patients face. It also demonstrates areas of opportunity in their counseling and care, which will help to build a more effective therapeutic relationship and ultimately lead to greater adherence in care.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12873,"journal":{"name":"Gynecologic Oncology Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352578924001048/pdfft?md5=7c9a1b13a1c8204349a7ab67bcdb41b8&pid=1-s2.0-S2352578924001048-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141239267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Preliminary results of adjuvant image-guided vaginal brachytherapy alone for early stage endometrial carcinoma","authors":"Pooriwat Muangwong , Ekkasit Tharavichitkul , Somvilai Chakrabandhu , Pitchayaponne Klunklin , Wimrak Onchan , Bongkot Jia-Mahasap , Piyapasara Toapichattrakul , Wannapha Nobnop , Anirut Watcharawipha , Razvan M. Galalae , Imjai Chitapanarux","doi":"10.1016/j.gore.2024.101423","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gore.2024.101423","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>This retrospective study evaluated the preliminary outcomes of image-guided vaginal brachytherapy (IG-VBT) in the adjuvant treatment of high intermediate risk endometrial cancer.</p></div><div><h3>Materials and Methods</h3><p>Data were collected from 48 patients who underwent adjuvant IG-VBT between 2019 and 2022 at the Division of Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University. The vaginal cuff clinical target volume (CTV-VC) is composed of a 4-mm-thick band around vaginal cylinder at the upper 3 cm of the vaginal cuff. A total dose of 21 Gy in three fractions was delivered to the CTV-VC, and the dose to the bladder and rectum were evaluated. Treatment details, patient characteristics, and outcomes were analyzed. Descriptive statistics were used for analysis, and Kaplan-Meier method was employed for survival analysis.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The mean age was 62 years, with mainly endometrioid carcinoma pathology (96 %). All patients were at stage I, with 87.5 % receiving complete surgical staging. Mean total treatment time was 10 days with mean D90 of CTV-VC was 29.7 Gy, and D2cc of bladder, rectum, and sigmoid were 24.6 Gy, 21.0 Gy, and 7.7 Gy, respectively. At a median follow-up of 37 months, 3-year local control, disease-free survival, and overall survival rates were 100 %, 100 %, and 97.9 %. respectively. Two patients (4.2 %) experienced grade 1–2 gastrointestinal toxicity, while no genitourinary toxicity or serious adverse events were observed.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The preliminary results of IG-VBT in endometrial cancer demonstrated favorable outcomes in terms of vaginal control and toxicity. Further studies with larger cohorts and longer follow-up durations are warranted.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12873,"journal":{"name":"Gynecologic Oncology Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352578924001024/pdfft?md5=512183a4b2a087c940c637e0dd5aba04&pid=1-s2.0-S2352578924001024-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141239266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Seay , A. Katcher , M. Hare , H. Rahman , C. Sison , G.L. Goldberg , M. Frimer
{"title":"Racial disparities in the treatment of endometrial intraepithelial neoplasia in postmenopausal women","authors":"K. Seay , A. Katcher , M. Hare , H. Rahman , C. Sison , G.L. Goldberg , M. Frimer","doi":"10.1016/j.gore.2024.101418","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gore.2024.101418","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Disparities in endometrial cancer has increased during the past decade with Black women more likely to be diagnosed at a later stage and have higher mortality. The majority of research has been focused on cultural barriers, socioeconomic status, lack of access to care, comorbidities, and tumor histology to explain these disparities. Limited studies have been conducted on the disparity in the treatment of endometrial intraepithelial neoplasia(EIN). We sought to analyze the differences in treatment used in the management of postmenopausal women with EIN to evaluate whether race/ethnicity is a contributing factor. An IRB approved retrospective study was conducted amongst women at a single institution diagnosed with EIN. Ethnicity/race was defined as non-Hispanic White, non-Hispanic Black, Hispanic, and Asian. Demographic and clinical data was extracted. Multivariable logistic regression was used to examine the association between ethnicity/race and treatment, adjusted for age, BMI, and underlying medical conditions such as cardiovascular disease and diabetes.<!--> <!-->In total, 254 patients were analyzed. A significant association between ethnicity/race and treatment with non-Hispanic Black women less likely to be treated with surgical management compared to non-Hispanic White women (OR = 0.326, 95 %CI 0.129–0.827, p = 0.026). Importantly, after adjusting for clinical risk factors(age, BMI, CVD, diabetes), non-Hispanic Black women remained at an increased risk of not undergoing surgical intervention (OR = 0.333, 95 % CI 0.125–0.882, p = 0.027). Future research is imperative to evaluate the root cause of this disparity in the healthcare system.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12873,"journal":{"name":"Gynecologic Oncology Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352578924000973/pdfft?md5=820ad9a9e978ce7e761528be6304c3de&pid=1-s2.0-S2352578924000973-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141239809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}