Journal of Shelter Medicine and Community Animal Health最新文献

{"title":"Barriers and Lack of Access to Veterinary Care in Canada 2022","authors":"Linda S Jacobson, K. J. Janke, Kevin Probyn-Smith, Kate Stiefelmeyer","doi":"10.56771/jsmcah.v3.72","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56771/jsmcah.v3.72","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Despite concerns about access to veterinary care in Canada, there are no previously published national survey data. The study aimed to estimate the prevalence of barriers to veterinary care faced by Canadian dog and cat owners, and to identify associated factors.\u0000Methods: This was a national online survey conducted in mid-2022, the third year of the COVID-19 pandemic. It was nationally representative of English and French-speaking Canadian adults as regards region, age, and sex.\u0000Results: Eighteen per cent of the respondents (440/2,500) could not access wanted or needed preventative veterinary care in the past 12 months; 12% (305/2,500) could not access sick care; and 8% (195/2,500) could not access emergency care. The most frequent barriers were the inability to afford care (preventative – 124/440, 28% of those who were unable to access care; sick – 75/305, 25%; emergency – 34/195, 17%); and the inability to obtain an appointment (preventative – 95/440, 22% of those who were unable to access care; sick – 80/305, 26%; emergency – 47/195, 24%). Twenty-one per cent (522/2,500) could not access other pet needs, most frequently pet food (43% of those who lacked access); grooming (34%); and training (28%). Recent immigrants (<5 years) and young people (18–34 years old) were more likely to report barriers. Affordability and appointment availability were the two most frequently occurring barriers.\u0000Conclusions: This survey identified a large number of pet owners who faced barriers to veterinary care. There is a need for industry leaders, educators and regulators to help support initiatives to expand access to care.","PeriodicalId":128499,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Shelter Medicine and Community Animal Health","volume":"3 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140418752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors Affecting the Likelihood of Dogs and Cats Returning to Their Owners at a Municipal Animal Shelter in the United States","authors":"Ryan Hill, Hsin-Yi Weng, A. Protopopova, Lexis H. Ly, Jennifer Weisent Egle, Marija Ramanauskaite","doi":"10.56771/jsmcah.v2.64","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56771/jsmcah.v2.64","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Animal shelters consider return-to-owner (RTO) as an ideal outcome for animals, owners, and shelters. Methods to increase RTO likelihood are frequently discussed by shelter professionals nationwide. Some of these methods are evidence-based, while others are anecdotally successful. This retrospective study aimed to provide evidence for commonly suggested methods, as well as identify additional factors influencing RTO likelihood. Methods: Data from 5,960 dog and 3,489 cat impounds were obtained from a large municipal animal shelter in Utah, USA. Directed acyclic graphs were developed to visualize causal assumptions, which were used to identify confounders for adjustment in the logistic regression while modeling the associations between study variables and RTO outcomes for both dogs and cats. Results: Dogs and cats with microchips, older animals, healthy animals, neutered animals, and animals brought to the shelter via another public agency were more likely to return to their owners. Animal sex and season of impound did not affect either dogs’ or cats’ RTO likelihood. Conclusion: The characteristics influencing RTO likelihood were similar for both dogs and cats. These influences provide support for existing shelter practices, such as facilitating widespread microchipping and waiving reclamation fees, while also encouraging implementation of new practices, such as modifying stray hold periods based on source type or health status. Limitations of the study included the presence of incomplete information in the database and concerns with the generalizability of results to other shelters.","PeriodicalId":128499,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Shelter Medicine and Community Animal Health","volume":" 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139139756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Finding Yourself in the Arena of Scientific Writing: The Journey From Idea to Publication in Shelter and Community Medicine","authors":"Ryane E. Englar","doi":"10.56771/jsmcah.v2.60","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56771/jsmcah.v2.60","url":null,"abstract":"Irrespective of discipline, scientific study relies upon systematic reasoning from observations to formulate and refine hypotheses and develop theories that can explain documented phenomena. Our understanding of science and its influence on the world around us is ever evolving, yet science cannot advance without clear communication to disseminate findings that result from reproducible research. Veterinary and animal care team members can contribute significantly to the advancement of science by sharing ideas, experiences, perspectives, case management decisions, and patient outcomes. The uniqueness of shelter medicine, with recent emphasis on how to maintain animals within their homes, offers a wealth of observations and discoveries that are worthy of publication. For those in clinical practice in shelter and community medicine, the primary obstacles to publishing are time, confidence, and lack of familiarity or experience with the structure and style of scientific writing. Such barriers can be overcome through a combination of graduated exposure, mentoring, patience, and practice. This article explores the journey from idea to publication to encourage those in shelter and community medicine who generate and have access to vital data to come forward. Writing to publish is a teachable skill, one that the veterinary profession relies upon to translate scientific inquiry into print capable of broadening global perspectives and influencing the clinical practice of tomorrow.","PeriodicalId":128499,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Shelter Medicine and Community Animal Health","volume":"49 40","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138588330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Harnessing Big Data in the Animal Welfare Industry: Utilizing Data Science to Improve Regulatory Oversight of Commercial Dog Breeding","authors":"Clinton Ross Mauck, Jyothi Vinnakota Robertson, Marjorie Robin Vincent","doi":"10.56771/jsmcah.v2.65","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56771/jsmcah.v2.65","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: In the age of Big Data, the animal welfare industry stands to benefit from data-driven decision making, particularly in commercial dog breeding. Despite its potential, many organizations and regulatory bodies, such as the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), face significant challenges in organizing and using it effectively. The existing challenges limit the extent to which the vast amount of data collected by the USDA can be used to improve regulatory oversight and promote animal welfare. This study explored the potential of leveraging publicly-available inspection report data to inform animal welfare standards and identify areas of improvement.\u0000Methods: We formulated an innovative approach for extracting, cleaning, and structuring data from the Public Search Tool (PST) database. Our approach involved the use of customized web-scraping tools and data manipulation techniques, including automatic data retrieval, transformation of inspection reports into a text-friendly format, and pattern recognition for collating pertinent data elements. We conducted descriptive statistical analyses on the assembled dataset to set the stage for a comprehensive exploration of inspection reports from Class ‘A’ commercial dog breeding facilities.\u0000Results: Our study produced an extensive dataset detailing compliance with animal welfare standards at Class ‘A’ commercial dog breeding facilities across the United States from 2014 to 2023. Preliminary analysis revealed prevalent areas of non-compliance, such as inadequate veterinary care and substandard housing conditions. The dataset facilitated a deep analysis of animal welfare practices within the commercial dog breeding industry, providing insights across geographical locations and facility sizes.\u0000Conclusion: Our study underscores the potential of harnessing Big Data to inform regulatory decisions and improve animal welfare within commercial dog breeding. It introduces a method to transform publicly available data into an accessible format. This allows us to go beyond anecdotal evidence into comprehensive assessments, facilitating constructive dialogue and effective policy-making. Further research leveraging advancements is recommended to deepen insights and encourage collaborative efforts to elevate animal welfare standards.","PeriodicalId":128499,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Shelter Medicine and Community Animal Health","volume":"23 42","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138625132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identifying Solutions for ‘Inbetweener’ Cats","authors":"Vicky Halls, C. Bessant","doi":"10.56771/jsmcah.v2.59","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56771/jsmcah.v2.59","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":128499,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Shelter Medicine and Community Animal Health","volume":"118 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132135552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Managing Cat Populations Based on an Understanding of Cat Lifestyle and Population Dynamics","authors":"Vicky Halls, C. Bessant","doi":"10.56771/jsmcah.v2.58","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56771/jsmcah.v2.58","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":128499,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Shelter Medicine and Community Animal Health","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131752851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cat Friendly Pinciples for Those Working With Unowned Cats","authors":"Vicky Halls, N. Dowgray, Sarah LH Ellis, Samantha Taylor, C. Bessant","doi":"10.56771/jsmcah.v2.63","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56771/jsmcah.v2.63","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":128499,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Shelter Medicine and Community Animal Health","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134045193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outcomes for Kittens Born to Free-Roaming Unowned Cats","authors":"Vicky Halls, Sarah L.H. Ellis, C. Bessant","doi":"10.56771/jsmcah.v2.57","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56771/jsmcah.v2.57","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":128499,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Shelter Medicine and Community Animal Health","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128555798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Randomized Controlled Trial to Compare Ear Tipping Methods for Community Cats","authors":"E. Vitello, R. Erhart, M. Session, A. Xu, A. Dalrymple, R. Kreisler","doi":"10.56771/jsmcah.v2.55","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56771/jsmcah.v2.55","url":null,"abstract":"Methods for ear tipping are variable. The majority of practitioners have experience with only a single method, and so are not able to directly compare methods. The aim of this study was to find the most effective method of ear tipping, with the predetermined primary outcome measure incidence of breakthrough bleeding (bleeding after leaving the ear tip station), and secondary outcome measures of procedure time, conformation to 1 cm target, client satisfaction, ear tipper preference, and cosmesis.\u0000Free-roaming cats over the age of six months presented for trap-neuter-return at Midwestern University were enrolled from June 2022 to February 2023 and randomly assigned via block randomization to one of seven experimental groups: wood burning tool with hemostat (WBT+H), scalpel blade and hemostat (SB+H) with commercially available hemostatic gel (SB+H/gel), SB+H with compounded hemostatic paste (SB+H/CHP), Mayo scissors and hemostat (MS+H) with gel (MS+H/gel), MS+H with CHP (MS+H/CHP), Mayo scissors only with gel (MS/gel), and MS with CHP (MS/CHP). One cm was removed from the distal pinna of the left ear according to the assigned experimental condition. The process was timed, and the ear was photographed for rating of cosmesis by a panel of three independent raters based on the straightness of line and angle of ear tip in relation to the vertical axis of the ear. Clients were surveyed at discharge regarding their satisfaction with the ear tip and the researchers were surveyed at the end of the study regarding their method preference. Fisher’s exact tests and logistic regression were used to compare binary data and linear regression for continuous.\u0000The overall rate of breakthrough bleeding was 7% (95%CI 4.4-11.3%), and there were differences between the methods (P < 0.0001). Neither WBT+H nor MS+H had any occurrences (95%CI 0-9.7%), while SB+H/gel had the highest rate (29%, 95%CI 15.1-47.5%). The median procedure time was 10s (IQR 7-13, range 3-30), and while there was a statistical difference between tools (P = 0.0001), a maximum difference of 27s was not considered clinically significant. Ears were more likely to be tipped greater than 1 cm when MS (OR = 2.6 , P = 0.031) or WBT+H was used (OR 3.4, P = 0.015) as compared to SB+H. Ears were more likely to be tipped less than 1 cm when SB+H (OR = 10.4, P = 0.026) or MS+H was used (OR = 10.8, P = 0.024). Clients were satisfied with 88% (95%CI 83-92%) of the ear tips, but increased satisfaction was not found to be associated with the size of the tip (P = 0.575) nor equipment (P = 0.881). SB+H had the highest mean cosmesis score (5.12/6, SD 0.87), with WBT+H (4.4/6, SD 1.07) and MS (4.7/6, SD 0.97) significantly lower, P < 0.0001 and P = 0.014, respectively. All four people performing ear tips preferred SB+H/CHP.\u0000Different ear tipping methods had different benefits and drawbacks. WBT+H was superior by our primary outcome measure, breakthrough bleeding, but inferior in our secondary outcome measures of cosmes","PeriodicalId":128499,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Shelter Medicine and Community Animal Health","volume":"452 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127291190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Pilot Program to Assess and Address the Veterinary Health Care Needs of the Hispanic Community in Knoxville, TN","authors":"J. Weisent, B. DeBolt, L. Daugherty, A. Niceley, J. Norris","doi":"10.56771/jsmcah.v2.56","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56771/jsmcah.v2.56","url":null,"abstract":"This study was initiated to establish a partnership between The University of Tennessee College of Veterinary Medicine’s Shelter Medicine and Companion Animal Initiative of Tennessee’s (SM/CAIT) program and a historically underserved and growing population, Knoxville’s Latino community. Specifically, this pilot study aimed to better understand the interests and needs of Knoxville’s Spanish-speaking pet owners through the community engagement organization Centro Hispano de East Tennessee (CH). We sought to understand this community’s access to veterinary care and identify any perceived barriers. The study also aimed to elucidate ways SM/CAIT can tailor outreach programs to underserved populations with pets and improve animal welfare throughout East Tennessee.\u0000Investigators adapted a survey created by research staff from AlignCare, a program developed to identify access to veterinary care issues and limitations in underserved populations. The survey was translated into Spanish and offered by the SM/CAIT team to CH members attending events and classes at their organization’s community center. All participation was voluntary and anonymous, and participants received one free, engraved pet tag for completing the survey. Surveys were collected and descriptively analyzed. (UTK IRB-19-05365-XM)\u0000Key survey results (n=45) showed that 28% of Centro community members obtained pets through an animal shelter or rescue organization, friends or family gifted 28%, and 26% came from breeders or pet stores. The primary reason for pet ownership included a love of animals and the perspective that the pet is part of the family (76%). Forty-eight percent reported that pets were not spayed or neutered (s/n), and of these, 39% said s/n was too expensive, whereas 22% did not know where to receive s/n services. Respondents reported that they would access local veterinary services for annual exams (56%), vaccinations (82%), and parasite prevention (58%). Twenty-six percent identified a time over the past two years when they could not get needed treatment for a sick pet, the primary reason being lack of affordable care. Other reasons included not knowing where to find care (22%), language barrier (11%), and a concern that the care provider would think badly of them for not seeking care earlier (22%). Participants said they would be interested in services and resources on vaccines and parasite prevention (64%), training and behavior (36%), information on clinics, and pet care resources (29%).\u0000The survey findings led to implementation of a vaccine clinic for Knoxville’s Latino community. The municipal shelter attended, and local resources and AVMA brochures in Spanish were provided on pet ownership, internal parasites, external parasites, vaccines, heartworm disease, and spay-neuter options.","PeriodicalId":128499,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Shelter Medicine and Community Animal Health","volume":"451 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124292012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}