Health economics最新文献_第5页

Beyond Tobacco Prevention: The Effects of Tobacco 21 Laws on Young Adults' Body Weight 烟草预防之外：烟草21法律对年轻人体重的影响。

IF 2 3区医学

Health economics Pub Date : 2026-08-01 Epub Date: 2026-06-22 DOI: 10.1002/hec.70120

Qihua Qiu, Jaesang Sung

{"title":"Beyond Tobacco Prevention: The Effects of Tobacco 21 Laws on Young Adults' Body Weight","authors":"Qihua Qiu, Jaesang Sung","doi":"10.1002/hec.70120","DOIUrl":"10.1002/hec.70120","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Tobacco 21 (T21) laws effectively reduce youth tobacco use by preventing initiation. This study examines their impact on body weight among young adults aged 18–20. Using 2009–2019 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data and a two-way fixed-effects difference-in-differences (DID) design, we find limited evidence of broad weight changes in either direction across the BMI distribution. Obesity declines due to modest weight reductions concentrated near the upper BMI threshold, with no significant changes in overweight status or average BMI. Event study shows that the obesity decline emerges in the first post-T21 year and attenuates afterward. Results are robust to alternative specifications, including an imputation DID approach addressing staggered adoption. Effects are driven by “never smokers”, consistent with a prevention-based pathway, and are more pronounced among males and non-White individuals, with heterogeneity observed across education levels in the upper BMI tail. Supplemental analyses using Youth Risk Behavior Survey data show reduced adverse weight outcomes among high schoolers aged 18+. T21 laws increase exercise, improve diets, and reduce sedentary behavior, underage drinking, marijuana use, and mental distress. Overall, T21 laws avoid the typical cessation-related weight gain and modestly improve weight outcomes among at-risk young adults, suggesting broader public health benefits beyond tobacco prevention.</p>","PeriodicalId":12847,"journal":{"name":"Health economics","volume":"35 9","pages":"1406-1423"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hec.70120","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148301138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Occupational Licensing and Psychologist Supply 职业许可和心理学家供应。

IF 2 3区医学

Health economics Pub Date : 2026-08-01 Epub Date: 2026-05-20 DOI: 10.1002/hec.70110

Daniel Goetz

引用次数: 0

Timing Matters: How Unconditional Cash Transfer Frequency Shapes Dietary Choices Among Vulnerable Older Adults 时机问题：无条件现金转移频率如何影响脆弱老年人的饮食选择。

IF 2 3区医学

Health economics Pub Date : 2026-08-01 Epub Date: 2026-06-06 DOI: 10.1002/hec.70116

Deivis Nicolas Guzman-Tordecilla, Antonio Trujillo, Andres I. Vecino-Ortiz, Shu Wen Ng

{"title":"Timing Matters: How Unconditional Cash Transfer Frequency Shapes Dietary Choices Among Vulnerable Older Adults","authors":"Deivis Nicolas Guzman-Tordecilla, Antonio Trujillo, Andres I. Vecino-Ortiz, Shu Wen Ng","doi":"10.1002/hec.70116","DOIUrl":"10.1002/hec.70116","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Low-income elderly consumers, often overlooked in studies of public financial assistance programs, may face challenges in managing resources to maintain dietary health. This study examines how the payment frequency of an unconditional cash transfer program impacts dietary behaviors among low-income elderly populations in Colombia. Using nationally representative data from a federal financial assistance program, we implement a Multivalued Treatment Model with Propensity Score Matching and Augmented Inverse Probability Weighting to assess the effects of monthly versus bi-monthly payments on food expenditures, dietary diversity, and diet quality. Results show that monthly payments enhance dietary diversity and diet quality by supporting healthier food purchases compared to bi-monthly payments. Subgroup analyses revealed that older seniors and males benefit most from monthly payments. Mechanisms explored include consumption smoothing and subjective wealth perceptions, with findings suggesting that more frequent and predictable income flows may foster greater perceived financial stability. The study advances consumer behavior theory by linking payment frequency to dietary outcomes and offers practical implications for optimizing financial assistance programs. While bi-monthly payments reduce administrative costs, monthly payments are recommended to improve dietary health. These findings contribute to understanding income timing's role in fostering healthier consumer behavior.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":12847,"journal":{"name":"Health economics","volume":"35 9","pages":"1325-1341"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148194620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Policy Progress in Using Economic Policy Instruments to Improve Nutrition: Challenges and Opportunities 利用经济政策工具改善营养的政策进展：挑战与机遇。

IF 2 3区医学

Health economics Pub Date : 2026-08-01 Epub Date: 2026-06-09 DOI: 10.1002/hec.70115

Anne Marie Thow

{"title":"Policy Progress in Using Economic Policy Instruments to Improve Nutrition: Challenges and Opportunities","authors":"Anne Marie Thow","doi":"10.1002/hec.70115","DOIUrl":"10.1002/hec.70115","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Economic policy can be a powerful instrument to influence food environments and support improved diets and health. Over the past 20 years, the use of fiscal policy to improve diets has increased dramatically. This paper reviews the trajectory of policy change, and explores the ways in which research has informed three different dimensions of economic policy change in relation to nutrition: policy paradigms, policy instruments and policy settings. The increasing use of fiscal policy contrasts to more limited use of other economic policy instruments, including trade policy, to shape food environments for improved nutrition. Insights from the case studies explored in this paper indicate the important role of research in supporting policy change, including through generating evidence that speaks to sectoral needs and priorities, which can enable policy makers to identify and support potential synergies, as well as providing evidence from real-world evaluations of policy measures. The case studies also highlight the importance of constructive engagement between nutrition and economic policy makers. Finally, the paper identifies three considerations for research moving forward related to policy innovation, knowledge equity, and gender.</p>","PeriodicalId":12847,"journal":{"name":"Health economics","volume":"35 9","pages":"1279-1287"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hec.70115","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148204589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Shelter for the Heart: The Impact of Teacher Quality on Students' Mental Health 心灵的庇护所：教师素质对学生心理健康的影响

IF 2 3区医学

Health economics Pub Date : 2026-08-01 Epub Date: 2026-06-10 DOI: 10.1002/hec.70118

Liping Chen, Jiada Lin, Jiaxin Wang

引用次数: 0

Assessing the Estimands and Estimates of Hospitalization Rates in Health Economics and Clinical Medicine 评估卫生经济学与临床医学住院率的估计与估计。

IF 2 3区医学

Health economics Pub Date : 2026-08-01 Epub Date: 2026-06-18 DOI: 10.1002/hec.70117

Aditya Jain, Gil Peled, Filip Obradović, Federico Crippa, Yeshaya Nussbaum, Michael Gmeiner, Daniela P. Ladner, Charles F. Manski

{"title":"Assessing the Estimands and Estimates of Hospitalization Rates in Health Economics and Clinical Medicine","authors":"Aditya Jain, Gil Peled, Filip Obradović, Federico Crippa, Yeshaya Nussbaum, Michael Gmeiner, Daniela P. Ladner, Charles F. Manski","doi":"10.1002/hec.70117","DOIUrl":"10.1002/hec.70117","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Even though data on hospital admissions are widely used in health research, hospitalization-related estimands measured using these data are not always clearly conceptualized. Consequently, estimators of these quantities can have unclear rationales and undesirable properties. We evaluate three “rate” estimators for measuring hospitalization-related estimands. Using the Grossman human capital model, we motivate the importance of measuring healthy time. We show that an upper bound on healthy time can be calculated using lengths of hospital stay without assumptions about health status outside the hospital. We illustrate the empirical value of these bounds. Next, we find that an admission rate conventionally used in clinical research is a patient follow-up time weighted average that lacks a clear basis for the weights. We propose an alternative estimator with more desirable properties and weaker assumptions. We assess its performance using a model of hospital admissions and death. Finally, we evaluate the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) use of risk-standardized readmission rates to penalize hospitals by showing that risk-standardized rates can be sensitive to patient case mix, potentially leading to hospital rankings that do not reflect hospital quality. We propose treating hospital specific intercepts in the CMS risk-standardization model as a measure of quality.</p>","PeriodicalId":12847,"journal":{"name":"Health economics","volume":"35 9","pages":"1397-1405"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hec.70117","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148277214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Marijuana Legalization and Suicides Among Older Adults 大麻合法化与老年人自杀

IF 2 3区医学

Health economics Pub Date : 2026-07-02 Epub Date: 2026-04-03 DOI: 10.1002/hec.70104

Sara Markowitz, Katie Leinenbach

引用次数: 0

Kids Give You Headaches? Universal Prekindergarten and Maternal Prescriptions for Pain-Relief and Hormone Medications 孩子让你头疼？普遍学龄前儿童和产妇处方的疼痛缓解和激素药物。

IF 2 3区医学

Health economics Pub Date : 2026-07-02 Epub Date: 2026-04-15 DOI: 10.1002/hec.70108

Kai Hong, Kacie L. Dragan, Sherry Glied

{"title":"Kids Give You Headaches? Universal Prekindergarten and Maternal Prescriptions for Pain-Relief and Hormone Medications","authors":"Kai Hong, Kacie L. Dragan, Sherry Glied","doi":"10.1002/hec.70108","DOIUrl":"10.1002/hec.70108","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>High-quality prekindergarten (pre-K) programs can promote school readiness and generate lifetime benefits. However, little is known about how pre-K programs affect mothers. We examine the effects of New York City's universal pre-K program (UPK) on the health of low-income mothers enrolled in Medicaid. We use a difference-in-regression-discontinuities approach that exploits the introduction of UPK and cutoffs for participation of children, to address potential confounders. We compare mothers of children born just inside the eligibility cutoff and mothers of those born just outside the eligibility cutoff, before and after the initiation of UPK. We find that the effects of UPK differ between single and non-single mothers, and that the effects also differ between mothers whose 4-year-old is the youngest child in the household and those with other, younger children at home. Specifically, the introduction of UPK was associated with significant reductions in use of non-addictive pain-relief drugs and in use of hormones (e.g., for birth control and menstrual disorders) among (single) mothers whose eligible children were the youngest in the household. While we do not find evidence of the effects of UPK on other types of utilization, these results reveal a new dimension on which UPK may affect maternal wellbeing.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":12847,"journal":{"name":"Health economics","volume":"35 8","pages":"1192-1223"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147689838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of Austerity Measures on Infant Mortality: Evidence From Greece 紧缩措施对婴儿死亡率的影响：来自希腊的证据。

IF 2 3区医学

Health economics Pub Date : 2026-07-02 Epub Date: 2026-04-16 DOI: 10.1002/hec.70107

Robert J. Kolesar, Rok Spruk

{"title":"Effect of Austerity Measures on Infant Mortality: Evidence From Greece","authors":"Robert J. Kolesar, Rok Spruk","doi":"10.1002/hec.70107","DOIUrl":"10.1002/hec.70107","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Governments frequently adopt austerity policies when facing economic crises, yet their long-term consequences for population health remain incompletely understood. This paper examines the impact of large-scale fiscal austerity on infant mortality by exploiting the Troika-led economic adjustment program implemented in Greece beginning in 2010 as a quasi-experimental shock. Using the synthetic control method, we construct a counterfactual for Greece based on OECD and Union for the Mediterranean countries that did not experience austerity of comparable depth or duration. Relative to this counterfactual, Greece experienced a sharp and persistent increase in infant mortality following the onset of austerity. The divergence emerges immediately after 2010, remains statistically significant throughout the post-intervention period, and shows little evidence of full reversion prior to the COVID-19 pandemic. The estimated effect corresponds to an average 43 percent increase in the infant mortality rate. Mortality effects are larger for boys than for girls and are concentrated in the neonatal period. Accounting explicitly for the fertility decline, we estimate approximately 854 excess infant deaths cumulatively from 2010 to 2020. Extensive robustness checks support the findings. The results identify the total effect of austerity and highlight the importance of protecting early-life health during fiscal consolidation.</p>","PeriodicalId":12847,"journal":{"name":"Health economics","volume":"35 8","pages":"1175-1191"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hec.70107","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147689916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluation of a Partial Ban on Rx-Rebates in Germany 对德国部分禁止退税的评估。

IF 2 3区医学

Health economics Pub Date : 2026-07-02 Epub Date: 2026-05-18 DOI: 10.1002/hec.70112

Maximilian M. Gail, Georg Götz, Daniel Herold, Jan T. Schäfer

{"title":"Evaluation of a Partial Ban on Rx-Rebates in Germany","authors":"Maximilian M. Gail, Georg Götz, Daniel Herold, Jan T. Schäfer","doi":"10.1002/hec.70112","DOIUrl":"10.1002/hec.70112","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We investigate patients' price sensitivity for prescription (Rx) drugs with regards to patronizing online or brick-and-mortar pharmacies. In doing so, we exploit a policy change in Germany that prohibited online pharmacies from granting rebates to one part of the population, the members of the statutory health insurance scheme. This policy change created a natural experiment, allowing us to analyze its impact on the pharmaceutical market using Difference-in-Differences (DiD). Utilizing a novel dataset obtained from merchandize information systems, we find that the ban led to a shift in consumer behavior, increasing offline pharmacy Rx sales by 1.42%–1.67%. In a second step, we assess to what extent the policy change achieved its alleged goal of supporting brick-and-mortar pharmacies. Our findings indicate that pharmacies with low revenues, which are most exposed to market exit, saw only a minor increase in annual revenues of around € 1587. At the same time, pharmacies in the highest decile gained roughly four times that amount. This indicates that the policy change alone was insufficient to reverse the declining trend in pharmacy numbers in Germany. To strengthen the comprehensive supply of pharmaceuticals to the general population, additional reforms seem necessary.</p>","PeriodicalId":12847,"journal":{"name":"Health economics","volume":"35 8","pages":"1247-1274"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hec.70112","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147972165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0