Cognition and Emotion最新文献

Individual differences in pupil dilation to others’ emotional and neutral eyes with varying pupil sizes 不同瞳孔大小对他人情绪眼和中性眼瞳孔扩张的个体差异

Cognition and Emotion Pub Date : 2022-05-10 DOI: 10.1080/02699931.2022.2073973

Christine Fawcett, Elisabeth Nordenswan, Santeri Yrttiaho, Tuomo Häikiö, R. Korja, L. Karlsson, H. Karlsson, Eeva-Leena Kataja

{"title":"Individual differences in pupil dilation to others’ emotional and neutral eyes with varying pupil sizes","authors":"Christine Fawcett, Elisabeth Nordenswan, Santeri Yrttiaho, Tuomo Häikiö, R. Korja, L. Karlsson, H. Karlsson, Eeva-Leena Kataja","doi":"10.1080/02699931.2022.2073973","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02699931.2022.2073973","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Sensitivity to others’ emotional signals is an important factor for social interaction. While many studies of emotional reactivity focus on facial emotional expressions, signals such as pupil dilation which can indicate arousal, may also affect observers. For example, observers’ pupils dilate when viewing someone with dilated pupils, so-called pupillary contagion. Yet it is unclear how pupil size and emotional expression interact as signals. Further, examining individual differences in emotional reactivity to others can shed light on its mechanisms and potential outcomes. In the current study, adults’ (N = 453) pupil size was assessed while they viewed images of the eye region of individuals varying in emotional expression (neutral, happy, sad, fearful, angry) and pupil size (large, medium, small). Participants showed pupillary contagion regardless of the emotional expression. Individual differences in demographics (gender, age, socioeconomic status) and psychosocial factors (anxiety, depression, sleep problems) were also examined, yet the only factor related to pupillary contagion was socioeconomic status, with higher socioeconomic status predicting less pupillary contagion for emotionally-neutral stimuli. The results suggest that while pupillary contagion is a robust phenomenon, it can vary meaningfully across individuals.","PeriodicalId":128345,"journal":{"name":"Cognition and Emotion","volume":"101 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116673917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

How does the moral self-concept relate to prosocial behaviour? Investigating the role of emotions and consistency preference 道德自我概念与亲社会行为有什么关系?调查情绪和一致性偏好的作用

Cognition and Emotion Pub Date : 2022-05-10 DOI: 10.1080/02699931.2022.2067133

Natalie Christner, Carolina Pletti, M. Paulus

{"title":"How does the moral self-concept relate to prosocial behaviour? Investigating the role of emotions and consistency preference","authors":"Natalie Christner, Carolina Pletti, M. Paulus","doi":"10.1080/02699931.2022.2067133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02699931.2022.2067133","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The moral self-concept has been proposed as a central predictor of prosocial behaviour. In two experiments (one preregistered), we explored the nature of the relation between the moral self-concept (explicit and implicit) and prosocial behaviour. Specifically, we investigated the role of emotions associated with prosocial behaviour (consequential or anticipated) and preference for consistency. The results revealed a relation between the explicit moral self-concept and sharing behaviour. The explicit moral self-concept was linked to anticipated and consequential emotions regarding not-sharing. Importantly, anticipated and consequential emotions about not-sharing mediated the relation between self-concept and behaviour. Yet, the relation was independent of preference for consistency. The implicit moral self-concept was neither related to prosocial behaviour nor to emotions associated with behaviour. Overall, our study demonstrates the interplay between cognitive and emotional processes in explaining prosocial behaviour. More specific, it underlines the link between the moral self-concept and prosocial behaviour and highlights the role of emotions about the omission of prosocial behaviour.","PeriodicalId":128345,"journal":{"name":"Cognition and Emotion","volume":"75 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116336102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Conceptual generalisation in fear conditioning using single and multiple category exemplars as conditional stimuli – electrodermal responses and valence evaluations generalise to the broader category 恐惧条件反射的概念概括使用单一和多个类别的例子作为条件刺激-皮肤电反应和效价评估概括到更广泛的类别

Cognition and Emotion Pub Date : 2022-05-03 DOI: 10.1080/02699931.2022.2047897

Rachel R Patterson, O. Lipp, Camilla C. Luck

{"title":"Conceptual generalisation in fear conditioning using single and multiple category exemplars as conditional stimuli – electrodermal responses and valence evaluations generalise to the broader category","authors":"Rachel R Patterson, O. Lipp, Camilla C. Luck","doi":"10.1080/02699931.2022.2047897","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02699931.2022.2047897","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Conceptual generalisation occurs when conditional responses generalise to novel stimuli from the same category. Past research demonstrates that physiological fear responses generalise across categories, however, conceptual generalisation of stimulus valence evaluations during fear conditioning has not been examined. We investigated whether conceptual generalisation, as indexed by electrodermal responses and stimulus evaluations, would occur, and differ after training with single or multiple conditional stimuli (CSs). Stimuli from two of four categories (vegetables, farm animals, clothing, and office supplies) were used as the CS+ (followed by an electric stimulus) or CS- (presented alone). Generalisation was assessed by presenting novel stimuli from the CS categories after acquisition, extinction, and reinstatement. One category exemplar was used as the CS+ and CS- in the single group, whereas three exemplars were used as the CS+ and CS- in the multiple group. Electrodermal responses generalised in acquisition and extinction but did not differ between groups. In the multiple group, CS evaluations generalised in acquisition and extinction, whereas generalisation was not evident in the single group. Training with multiple CSs also resulted in the extinction of stimulus valence. The current findings have implications for future research examining the generalisation of valence and for exposure-based treatments of anxiety.","PeriodicalId":128345,"journal":{"name":"Cognition and Emotion","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133112580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Evaluating the ‘skin disease-avoidance’ and ‘dangerous animal’ frameworks for understanding trypophobia 评估理解密集恐惧症的“皮肤病避免”和“危险动物”框架

Cognition and Emotion Pub Date : 2022-05-03 DOI: 10.1080/02699931.2022.2071236

R. Pipitone, C. DiMattina, Emily Martin, Irena Pavela Banai, KaLynn Bellmore, Michelle De Angelis

{"title":"Evaluating the ‘skin disease-avoidance’ and ‘dangerous animal’ frameworks for understanding trypophobia","authors":"R. Pipitone, C. DiMattina, Emily Martin, Irena Pavela Banai, KaLynn Bellmore, Michelle De Angelis","doi":"10.1080/02699931.2022.2071236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02699931.2022.2071236","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT\u0000 Trypophobia refers to the extreme negative reaction when viewing clusters of circular objects. Two major evolutionary frameworks have been proposed to account for trypophobic visual discomfort. The skin disease-avoidance (SD) framework proposes that trypophobia is an over-generalised response to stimuli resembling pathogen-related skin diseases. The dangerous animal (DA) framework posits that some dangerous organisms and trypophobic stimuli share similar visual characteristics. Here, we performed the first experimental manipulations which directly compare these two frameworks by superimposing trypophobic imagery onto multiple image categories to evaluate changes in comfort. Participants from two countries (United States and Croatia) were evaluated on several measures, including general trypophobia levels, perceived vulnerability to disease, and generalised anxiety. Several analyses showed stronger changes in comfort in the human skin condition (hand, feet, and chest images) compared to the dangerous animal condition (snake and spider images). Furthermore, participants with higher levels of trypophobia showed significantly stronger changes in comfort in the skin condition than the dangerous animal condition, with comparable effects obtained across nationalities. Several variables entered as covariates failed to significantly account for this effect. The present work is the first to experimentally test both evolutionary frameworks of trypophobia, with results supporting the skin disease-avoidance framework.","PeriodicalId":128345,"journal":{"name":"Cognition and Emotion","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117102424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Retrieval stopping can reduce distress from aversive memories 停止检索可以减少厌恶记忆带来的痛苦

Cognition and Emotion Pub Date : 2022-04-30 DOI: 10.1080/02699931.2022.2071845

S. Nishiyama, S. Saito

{"title":"Retrieval stopping can reduce distress from aversive memories","authors":"S. Nishiyama, S. Saito","doi":"10.1080/02699931.2022.2071845","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02699931.2022.2071845","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Aversive memories have the potential to impair one’s psychological well-being. It is desirable to reduce the anguish over such memories, as well as the chance that they will be retrieved. In two experiments, we investigated whether retrieval stopping reduces the distress elicited by negative memories retrieved from cues and how the effects of retrieval stopping are modulated by mental disorders, such as depression and anxiety. Participants engaged in retrieval stopping of aversive scene memories without any diversionary thoughts (direct suppression, Experiment 1) or with diversionary positive thoughts (thought substitution, Experiment 2). Direct suppression reduced arousal elicited by the retrieval of aversive memories, while thought substitution did not only reduce arousal but also increased positive valence. Self-reported anxious/depressive symptoms negatively modulated the effects of direct suppression. For no or mild anxious/depressed individuals, direct suppression alleviated negative valence and high arousal when retrieving aversive memories. The negative relationship was not observed between the severity of the symptoms and the effect of thought substitution. These findings suggest that both retrieval stopping strategies can reduce distress from aversive memories.","PeriodicalId":128345,"journal":{"name":"Cognition and Emotion","volume":"572 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123402667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

“When did you see it?” The effect of emotional valence on temporal source memory in aging “你什么时候看到的?”情绪效价对衰老时时间源记忆的影响

Cognition and Emotion Pub Date : 2022-04-28 DOI: 10.1080/02699931.2022.2069683

Irene Ceccato, Pasquale La Malva, Adolfo Di Crosta, Rocco Palumbo, M. Gatti, D. Momi, M. G. Logrieco, M. Fasolo, N. Mammarella, E. Borella, A. Di Domenico

{"title":"“When did you see it?” The effect of emotional valence on temporal source memory in aging","authors":"Irene Ceccato, Pasquale La Malva, Adolfo Di Crosta, Rocco Palumbo, M. Gatti, D. Momi, M. G. Logrieco, M. Fasolo, N. Mammarella, E. Borella, A. Di Domenico","doi":"10.1080/02699931.2022.2069683","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02699931.2022.2069683","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Previous studies consistently showed age-related differences in temporal judgment and temporal memory. Importantly, emotional valence plays a crucial role in older adults’ information processing. In this study, we examined the effects of emotions at the intersection between time and memory, analysing age-related differences in a temporal source memory task. Twenty-five younger adults (age range 18–35), 25 old adults (age range 65–74), and 25 old–old adults (age range 75–84) saw a series of emotional pictures in three sessions separated by a one-day rest period. In the fourth session, participants were asked to indicate in which session (1, 2, or 3) they saw each picture. Results showed that old–old adults tended to collocate negative pictures distant in time, while positive stimuli were remembered as more recent than real, compared to neutral pictures. To a lower extent, people over 65 showed the same pattern of results. In contrast, emotional valence did not affect younger adults’ temporal positioning of stimuli. Current findings fit well with the Socio-Emotional Selectivity Theory’s assumptions and extended the literature on the positivity effect to temporal source memory.","PeriodicalId":128345,"journal":{"name":"Cognition and Emotion","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130930369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Because you had a bad day: the role of negative affect and justification in self-control failure 因为你今天过得很糟糕:消极情绪在自我控制失败中的作用和理由

Cognition and Emotion Pub Date : 2022-04-27 DOI: 10.1080/02699931.2022.2067134

Ally M Heiland, J. Veilleux

{"title":"Because you had a bad day: the role of negative affect and justification in self-control failure","authors":"Ally M Heiland, J. Veilleux","doi":"10.1080/02699931.2022.2067134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02699931.2022.2067134","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Justification thinking (using excuses to “allow” giving into temptation) has been identified as a potential link between negative affect and self-control failure. We hypothesised that negative affect would prompt greater justification thinking, specifically deservingness thinking (i.e. “I deserve a treat”), and tested this for both inhibitory (temptation is to approach reward; self-control is to inhibit) and initiatory (temptation is to refrain from action, self-control is to initiate action) hypothetical self-control dilemmas. We found that only for inhibitory self-control (Study 1; N = 105) but not initiatory (Study 2; N = 116), negative affect resulted in greater deservingness thinking compared to neutral affect. We also hypothesised that negative mood coupled with justification would prompt greater likelihood of imagined self-control failure. We found that for inhibitory self-control (Study 3; N = 569), participants in negative affect (vs. neutral) and justification (vs. no justification) conditions were independently more likely to report they would fail at self-control. For initiatory self-control (Study 4; N = 321), we found an effect of negative affect on hypothetical self-control failure but no effect of justification. Overall, these studies confirm the role of negative affect in self-control processes and highlight differences between inhibitory and initiatory self-control situations.","PeriodicalId":128345,"journal":{"name":"Cognition and Emotion","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126014156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Devaluation of NoGo stimuli is both robust and fragile NoGo刺激的贬值既强劲又脆弱

Cognition and Emotion Pub Date : 2022-04-25 DOI: 10.1080/02699931.2022.2067132

Huaiyu Liu, R. Holland, J. Blechert, J. Quandt, H. Veling

{"title":"Devaluation of NoGo stimuli is both robust and fragile","authors":"Huaiyu Liu, R. Holland, J. Blechert, J. Quandt, H. Veling","doi":"10.1080/02699931.2022.2067132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02699931.2022.2067132","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Consistently not responding to stimuli during go/no-go training leads to lower evaluations of these NoGo stimuli. How this NoGo-devaluation-effect can be explained has remained unclear. Here, we ran three experiments to test the hypothesis that people form stimulus-stop-associations during the training, which predict the strength of the devaluation-effect. In Experiment 1, we tried to simultaneously measure the stimulus-stop-associations and NoGo-devaluation, but we failed to find these effects. In Experiment 2, we measured NoGo-devaluation with established procedures from previous work, and stimulus-stop-associations with a novel separate task. Results revealed a clear NoGo-devaluation-effect, which remained visible across multiple rating blocks. Interestingly, this devaluation-effect disappeared when stimulus-stop-associations were measured before stimulus evaluations, and there was no evidence supporting the formation of the stimulus-stop-associations. In Experiment 3, we found evidence for the acquisition of stimulus-stop-associations using an established task from previous work, but this time we found no subsequent NoGo-devaluation-effect. The present research suggests that the NoGo-devaluation-effect and stimulus-stop-associations can be found with standard established procedures, but that these effects are very sensitive to alterations of the experimental protocol. Furthermore, we failed to find evidence for both effects within the same experimental protocol, which has important theoretical and applied implications.","PeriodicalId":128345,"journal":{"name":"Cognition and Emotion","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127305607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Supporting mentalizing in primary school children: the effects of thoughts in mind project for children (TiM-C) on metacognition, emotion regulation and theory of mind 小学生心智化的支持:儿童心智中思想项目对元认知、情绪调节和心智理论的影响

Cognition and Emotion Pub Date : 2022-04-22 DOI: 10.1080/02699931.2022.2067521

E. Lombardi, Annalisa Valle, Federica Bianco, Ilaria Castelli, D. Massaro, A. Marchetti

{"title":"Supporting mentalizing in primary school children: the effects of thoughts in mind project for children (TiM-C) on metacognition, emotion regulation and theory of mind","authors":"E. Lombardi, Annalisa Valle, Federica Bianco, Ilaria Castelli, D. Massaro, A. Marchetti","doi":"10.1080/02699931.2022.2067521","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02699931.2022.2067521","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Mentalization is a useful ability for social functioning and a crucial aspect of mentalizing is emotion regulation. Literature suggests programmes for children and adults to increase mentalizing abilities useful both for emotional and social competences. For this reason, the issue of how to prompt children’s mentalization has started to attract researchers’ attention, supporting the importance of the interpersonal dimension for the individual differences in the developmental of mentalization. The TiM (Thoughts in Mind) Project, a training programme based on the explanation of mentalization mechanisms and designed for adults, deals with emotion regulation. Starting from the TiM Project, this study tests the effects of the TiM Child (TiM-C) training programme, over a control training programme, a conversational training designed for the school context, in children attending Year 2 of primary school. We designed a training based on narratives, followed by multiple-choice questions and conversations about mental states. Our results revealed significant improvements over the training period only in the TiM-C Project group for Metacognition, Emotion Regulation Strategies and a Theory of Mind task. As far as the educational implications, our findings suggest that it is possible to enhance mentalization through activities at school by promoting not only the understanding of the relations between mind and emotion, but also metacognitive skills.","PeriodicalId":128345,"journal":{"name":"Cognition and Emotion","volume":"751 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122974165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Item method directed forgetting occurs independently of borderline personality traits, even for borderline-salient items 项目法定向遗忘的发生与边缘性人格特征无关，即使对于边缘性显著项目也是如此

Cognition and Emotion Pub Date : 2022-04-13 DOI: 10.1080/02699931.2022.2064831

Laci M Gray, R. Nelson-Gray, Peter F Delaney, Liz T Gilbert

{"title":"Item method directed forgetting occurs independently of borderline personality traits, even for borderline-salient items","authors":"Laci M Gray, R. Nelson-Gray, Peter F Delaney, Liz T Gilbert","doi":"10.1080/02699931.2022.2064831","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02699931.2022.2064831","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Clinical populations sometimes demonstrate difficulties forgetting stimuli related to their trauma-related disorder, perhaps because their intense personal connection to these stimuli produce deficits in the inhibitory control abilities necessary for forgetting. The present work examined this possibility for people who have high levels of traits implicated in borderline personality disorder (BPD). In two well-powered studies, we found no evidence for deficits in forgetting specific to BPD traits, even for people with clinically significant levels of the traits, contrary to previous studies. The present experiments updated the designs from earlier experiments to employ the most contemporary methods to examine directed forgetting recommended by recent reviews. With these improved methods, Study 1 found that participants showed significant directed forgetting for BPD-related words independent of their level of BPD traits, perhaps because the BPD-related words were so strongly associated with one another. Study 2 found that when we removed the strong relatedness between the stimuli, forgetting of BPD-relevant words was significant and did not interact with BPD symptomology. We concluded that in contrast to people with PTSD who show specific inhibitory deficits for trauma-related works, people with BPD show normal, intact inhibitory control even for words that they should find threatening.","PeriodicalId":128345,"journal":{"name":"Cognition and Emotion","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125925121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2