Gut最新文献

{"title":"Recurrent intestinal ulcers and perforations complicated with pigmentation.","authors":"Junfeng Guo, Linxi Su, Guangsheng Du, Yuyang Chen, Cheng Liu, Bing Wang, Yangfan Lv, Shiming Yang, Xia Xie","doi":"10.1136/gutjnl-2024-332057","DOIUrl":"10.1136/gutjnl-2024-332057","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12825,"journal":{"name":"Gut","volume":" ","pages":"1964-1983"},"PeriodicalIF":23.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139989852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Puerarin alleviates atherosclerosis via the inhibition of <i>Prevotella copri</i> and its trimethylamine production.","authors":"","doi":"10.1136/gutjnl-2024-331880","DOIUrl":"10.1136/gutjnl-2024-331880","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Puerarin (PU) is a natural compound that exhibits limited oral bioavailability but has shown promise in the treatment of atherosclerosis (AS). However, the precise mechanisms underlying its therapeutic effects remain incompletely understood. This study aimed to investigate the effects of PU and its mechanisms in mitigating AS in both mice and humans.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>The impact of PU on AS was examined in <i>ApoE</i> ^-/- mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD) and in human patients with carotid artery plaque. To explore the causal link between PU-associated gut microbiota and AS, faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) and mono-colonisation of mice with <i>Prevotella copri</i> (<i>P. copri</i>) were employed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>PU alleviated AS by modulating the gut microbiota, as evidenced by alterations in gut microbiota composition and the amelioration of AS following FMT from PU-treated mice into <i>ApoE^-/-</i> mice fed HFD. Specifically, PU reduced the abundance of <i>P. copri</i>, which exacerbated AS by producing trimethylamine (TMA). Prolonged mono-colonisation of <i>P. copri</i> undermines the beneficial effects of PU on AS. In clinical, the plaque scores of AS patients were positively correlated with the abundance of <i>P. copri</i> and plasma trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) levels. A 1-week oral intervention with PU effectively decreased <i>P. copri</i> levels and reduced TMAO concentrations in patients with carotid artery plaque.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>PU may provide therapeutic benefits in combating AS by targeting <i>P. copri</i> and its production of TMA.</p><p><strong>Trial registration number: </strong>ChiCTR1900022488.</p>","PeriodicalId":12825,"journal":{"name":"Gut","volume":" ","pages":"1934-1943"},"PeriodicalIF":23.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141081157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"External validation of serum biomarkers predicting short-term and mid/long-term relapse in patients with Crohn's disease stopping infliximab.","authors":"Nicolas Pierre, Vân Anh Huynh-Thu, Dominique Baiwir, Gabriel Mazzucchelli, Maximilien Fléron, Lisette Trzpiot, Gauthier Eppe, Edwin De Pauw, David Laharie, Jack Satsangi, Peter Bossuyt, Lucine Vuitton, Sophie Vieujean, Jean-Frédéric Colombel, Marie-Alice Meuwis, Edouard Louis","doi":"10.1136/gutjnl-2024-332648","DOIUrl":"10.1136/gutjnl-2024-332648","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>In patients with Crohn's disease (CD) on combination therapy (infliximab and immunosuppressant) and stopping infliximab (cohort from the study of infliximab diSconTinuation in CrOhn's disease patients in stable Remission on combined therapy with Immunosuppressors (STORI)), the risk of short-term (≤6 months) and mid/long-term relapse (>6 months) was associated with distinct blood protein profiles. Our aim was to test the external validity of this finding in the SPARE cohort (A proSpective Randomized Controlled Trial comParing infliximAb-antimetabolites Combination Therapy to Anti-metabolites monotheRapy and Infliximab monothErapy in Crohn's Disease Patients in Sustained Steroid-free Remission on Combination Therapy).</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>In SPARE, patients with CD in sustained steroid-free clinical remission and on combination therapy were randomly allocated to three arms: continuing combination therapy, stopping infliximab or stopping immunosuppressant. In the baseline serum of the STORI and SPARE (arm stopping infliximab) cohorts, we studied 202 immune-related proteins. The proteins associated with time to relapse (univariable Cox model) were compared between STORI and SPARE. The discriminative ability of biomarkers (individually and combined in pairs) was evaluated by the c-statistic (concordance analysis) which was compared with C-reactive protein (CRP), faecal calprotectin and a previously validated model (CEASE).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In STORI and SPARE, distinct blood protein profiles were associated with the risk of short-term (eg, high level: CRP, haptoglobin, interleukin-6, C-type lectin domain family 4 member C) and mid/long-term relapse (eg, low level: Fms-related tyrosine kinase 3 ligand, kallistatin, fibroblast growth factor 2). At external validation, the top 10 biomarker pairs showed a higher c-statistic than the CEASE model, CRP and faecal calprotectin in predicting short-term (0.76-0.80 vs 0.74 vs 0.71 vs 0.69, respectively) and mid/long-term relapse (0.66-0.68 vs 0.61 vs 0.52 vs 0.59, respectively).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In patients with CD stopping infliximab, we confirm that the risk of short-term and mid/long-term relapse is associated with distinct blood protein profiles showing the potential to guide infliximab withdrawal.</p><p><strong>Trial registration number: </strong>NCT00571337 and NCT02177071.</p>","PeriodicalId":12825,"journal":{"name":"Gut","volume":" ","pages":"1965-1973"},"PeriodicalIF":23.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141970961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proton pump inhibitors and the risk of inflammatory bowel disease: a Mendelian randomisation study.","authors":"Hongjin An, Min Zhong, Huatian Gan","doi":"10.1136/gutjnl-2024-331904","DOIUrl":"10.1136/gutjnl-2024-331904","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12825,"journal":{"name":"Gut","volume":" ","pages":"e35"},"PeriodicalIF":23.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139740861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Re-evaluating early-onset OSCC in Africa: findings of minimal cumulative incidence.","authors":"Mohamed Noureldin, Joel H Rubenstein, Brooke Kenney, Akbar K Waljee","doi":"10.1136/gutjnl-2023-331687","DOIUrl":"10.1136/gutjnl-2023-331687","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12825,"journal":{"name":"Gut","volume":" ","pages":"e33"},"PeriodicalIF":23.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11424771/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139740862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cholecystectomy following EUS-guided gallbladder drainage in patients with acute cholecystitis at high surgical risk: friend or foe?","authors":"Alberto Larghi, Roy L J van Wanrooij, Michiel Bronswijk, Giuseppe Vanella, Rastislav Kunda, Manuel Pérez-Miranda, Jeanin E Van-Hooft, Marc A Barthet, Paolo Giorgio Arcidiacono, Schalk Willem Van der Merwe","doi":"10.1136/gutjnl-2024-332273","DOIUrl":"10.1136/gutjnl-2024-332273","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12825,"journal":{"name":"Gut","volume":" ","pages":"e40"},"PeriodicalIF":23.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140189644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microscopic pathology assessment of colorectal polyp size is less accurate than intracolonoscopic assessment.","authors":"Maurice B Loughrey","doi":"10.1136/gutjnl-2024-332206","DOIUrl":"10.1136/gutjnl-2024-332206","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12825,"journal":{"name":"Gut","volume":" ","pages":"e37"},"PeriodicalIF":23.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140318125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predicting treatment response in ASUC: do we measure systemic severity, organ response or both?","authors":"Pernille D Ovesen, Johan Fredrik Kristoffer Fremberg Ilvemark, Rune Wilkens, Casper Steenholdt, Jakob Seidelin","doi":"10.1136/gutjnl-2023-331793","DOIUrl":"10.1136/gutjnl-2023-331793","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12825,"journal":{"name":"Gut","volume":" ","pages":"e38"},"PeriodicalIF":23.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140335351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical consequences of computer-aided colorectal polyp detection.","authors":"Pieter Sinonquel, Tom Eelbode, Oliver Pech, Dominiek De Wulf, Pieter Dewint, Helmut Neumann, Giulio Antonelli, Federico Iacopini, David Tate, Arnaud Lemmers, Nastazja Dagny Pilonis, Michal Filip Kaminski, Philip Roelandt, Cesare Hassan, Demedts Ingrid, Frederik Maes, Raf Bisschops","doi":"10.1136/gutjnl-2024-331943","DOIUrl":"10.1136/gutjnl-2024-331943","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aim: </strong>Randomised trials show improved polyp detection with computer-aided detection (CADe), mostly of small lesions. However, operator and selection bias may affect CADe's true benefit. Clinical outcomes of increased detection have not yet been fully elucidated.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this multicentre trial, CADe combining convolutional and recurrent neural networks was used for polyp detection. Blinded endoscopists were monitored in real time by a second observer with CADe access. CADe detections prompted reinspection. Adenoma detection rates (ADR) and polyp detection rates were measured prestudy and poststudy. Histological assessments were done by independent histopathologists. The primary outcome compared polyp detection between endoscopists and CADe.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In 946 patients (51.9% male, mean age 64), a total of 2141 polyps were identified, including 989 adenomas. CADe was not superior to human polyp detection (sensitivity 94.6% vs 96.0%) but outperformed them when restricted to adenomas. Unblinding led to an additional yield of 86 true positive polyp detections (1.1% ADR increase per patient; 73.8% were <5 mm). CADe also increased non-neoplastic polyp detection by an absolute value of 4.9% of the cases (1.8% increase of entire polyp load). Procedure time increased with 6.6±6.5 min (+42.6%). In 22/946 patients, the additional detection of adenomas changed surveillance intervals (2.3%), mostly by increasing the number of small adenomas beyond the cut-off.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Even if CADe appears to be slightly more sensitive than human endoscopists, the additional gain in ADR was minimal and follow-up intervals rarely changed. Additional inspection of non-neoplastic lesions was increased, adding to the inspection and/or polypectomy workload.</p>","PeriodicalId":12825,"journal":{"name":"Gut","volume":" ","pages":"1974-1983"},"PeriodicalIF":23.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141320841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immunomodulation and entry inhibition: selgantolimod's double punch against hepatitis B virus.","authors":"Thomas Baumert, Melanie Urbanek-Quaing, Markus Cornberg","doi":"10.1136/gutjnl-2024-332679","DOIUrl":"10.1136/gutjnl-2024-332679","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12825,"journal":{"name":"Gut","volume":" ","pages":"1925-1926"},"PeriodicalIF":23.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141537820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}