Geological Journal最新文献

{"title":"Deformation Mechanism of Large-Scale Ancient Reservoir Landslides Driven by the Monitoring Data and Numerical Simulation","authors":"Huiwen Deng,&nbsp;Wengang Zhang,&nbsp;Luqi Wang,&nbsp;Yanfei Kang,&nbsp;Yucheng Wang,&nbsp;Lin Wang,&nbsp;Yulin Zou","doi":"10.1002/gj.5130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/gj.5130","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Globally, the reactivation of ancient landslides in reservoir areas poses severe threats to the safety of human society and the natural environment, attracting widespread attention in the fields of science and engineering. The periodic reservoir water level fluctuations and precipitation are the main reasons for the reactivation of ancient landslides, and the complexity of landslide disaster prevention and control is expected to increase due to the combined effects of both factors. In this study, a comprehensive method of on-site investigation, displacement monitoring, and numerical simulation has been proposed to analyse the seepage field, stability, and deformation field of the landslide by considering the ancient Qingshi landslide in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area (TGRA) as an example. The numerical simulation method is used to simulate the dynamic evolution process of the Qingshi landslide, and the measured data validates the accuracy of the method. The results indicate that the fluctuations in the reservoir water level and rainfall significantly affect the stability of the Qingshi landslide. The increase in landslide activity is dominated by reservoir water level fluctuations, rather than rainfall. In addition, this study also identifies the potential sliding surface of the landslide and predicts the possible mode of instability. This research can provide technical support and decision-making reference for the early warning and control of landslide disasters in reservoir areas.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":12784,"journal":{"name":"Geological Journal","volume":"60 5","pages":"1170-1183"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143914280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sedimentology of Lower Triassic (Induan Stage) Mixed Carbonate-Siliciclastic Succession of an Epeiric Carbonate Ramp at the Northeastern Passive Margin of the Arabian Plate, Northern Iraq-Kurdistan Region","authors":"Sardar M. Balaky,&nbsp;Irfan Sh. Asaad,&nbsp;Mazin Y. Tamar-Agha,&nbsp;Ahmed E. Radwan","doi":"10.1002/gj.5124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/gj.5124","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The Mirga Mir Formation (Lower Triassic) was studied for its sedimentology and lithostratigraphy from two outcrops (Nazdur and Beduhe areas) c. 20 km apart, in the Northern Iraq-Kurdistan Region. The collected samples were investigated by standard polarised microscope, X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy to infer their mineralogical characteristics, provenance and paleodepositional environments. The Mirga Mir Formation is a mixed carbonate-siliciclastic succession consisting of thin-, medium-, occasionally thick-bedded, and yellowish-grey limestones, sandy dolomitic and argillaceous limestones, alternating with thin- to thick-bedded grey shale/marl. Thin-laminated siltstones and fine- to coarse-grained sandstones are seen in the lower and middle parts of the formation. The petrographic study of carbonates and clastics (sandstones) showed that most limestones are carbonate mud (micrite). The skeletal grains consist principally of thin-shelled pelagic bivalves (<i>Posidonia</i>), serpulid worm tubes (<i>Spirorbis</i>), microgastropods, ammonoids, calcispheres, brachiopods, dasyclad green algae, miliolid foraminifers and ostracods. Non-skeletal grains include ooids, peloids, intraclasts and extraclasts. Depending on field observations, five different lithologic units were recognised. These are in ascending order: oolitic limestone unit, sandy limestone-shale unit, shale-limestone unit, argillaceous limestone-shale unit and brecciated-slumped limestone unit. Sandstones occur as thin beds within the lower and middle parts of the studied formation. In addition, thick coarse-grained sandstone beds occur in the middle part of the Nazdur section only. Petrographically, thin sandstone beds consist of fine-grained quartz. The thick sandstone bed is an immature, litharenite and consists of rock fragments (mostly sedimentary), quartz and feldspars. The X-ray diffraction analysis and scanning electron microscope micrographs of shales revealed that the abundant clay minerals in the Mirga Mir Formation are illite, followed by kaolinite and chlorite. In addition to illite-chlorite mixed layers, non-clay minerals include calcite and quartz, with low feldspars. Based on detailed microfacies analysis of the limestones, 12 microfacies types from the carbonates and mixed detrital carbonates are distinguished. These facies were subdivided, according to their environmental interpretation, into five facies associations: Offshoal/basinal, Foreshoal/slope, Shoal, Back Shoal/Lagoon. The study introduces a good example of a gently sloping epeiric carbonate ramp that shows a gradual shallowing of the basin from the offshoal/basinal sediments to the foreshoal/slope and backshoal/lagoonal environments.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":12784,"journal":{"name":"Geological Journal","volume":"60 6","pages":"1304-1328"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144206950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Green Improvisation and Knowledge Absorption: Catalysts for Geo-Sustainable Environmental Management Initiatives","authors":"Shao Jianbing,&nbsp;Hassan Ahmad,&nbsp;Asad Hassan Butt,&nbsp;Jihen Bousrih","doi":"10.1002/gj.5114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/gj.5114","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This research examines the dynamic relationships between green improvisation, green absorptive capacity, environmental management initiatives (EMIs), corporate social responsibility (CSR) authenticity, and their combined impact on firms' green competitive advantage and environmental performance. The study empirically tested seven hypotheses, utilising structural equation modelling (SEM) via SmartPLS. Data was collected from the employees of firms situated in Pakistan through a survey in a time span of 6 months. Results indicate that green improvisation significantly enhances EMIs, highlighting the importance of innovative and adaptive approaches in environmental stewardship. Green absorptive capacity was found to effectively acquire and assimilate environmental knowledge, positively influencing EMIs. Additionally, EMIs were shown to strengthen CSR authenticity, thereby improving firms' green competitive advantage and environmental performance. The mediating role of CSR authenticity was confirmed, revealing its significance in translating effective environmental management into tangible outcomes. Moreover, green creativity was found to moderate the relationship between EMIs and CSR authenticity, with novel environmental solutions enhancing the effectiveness of CSR activities. These findings contribute to the literature on environmental management by elucidating the mechanisms through which environmental initiatives lead to competitive and ecological benefits. The study provides actionable insights for firms aiming to integrate environmental strategies into their core business practices, achieving a sustainable competitive edge in today's green economy.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":12784,"journal":{"name":"Geological Journal","volume":"60 4","pages":"958-976"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143749576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Astronomical Forcing of Paleolake-Level Fluctuations in the Eastern Ordos Basin Between the Late Carboniferous and Early Permian","authors":"Yuge Cao,&nbsp;Jianqiang Wang,&nbsp;Wenjing Yang,&nbsp;Shuhang Yu","doi":"10.1002/gj.5128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/gj.5128","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A precisely constrained and high-resolution geochronology will enhance our understanding of sedimentary evolution, tectonic influences and climatic variations, all of which contribute to hydrocarbon exploration. According to sedimentary analysis, the North China Craton is believed to have undergone a transition in its sedimentary environment from a marine to a terrestrial lacustrine–fluvial system during the Late Palaeozoic. However, the geochronology and driving forces associated with transgression and regression remain understudied. In this study, we employed a cyclostratigraphic method to analyse the gamma-ray logging data from a Late Palaeozoic sequence in the Y69 well in the eastern Ordos Basin. We established an astronomical time-scale for this sequence, spanning approximately 10.83 million years, from ~299.94 ± 0.32 Ma to ~289.11 ± 0.32 Ma, in order to provide a geochronological framework for the evolution of the Ordos Basin. Subsequently, we reconstructed paleolake-level variations by applying sedimentary noise modelling to the tuned gamma-ray series and conducted periodicity analysis to identify astronomical signals. Our results indicate that water-level fluctuations in the eastern Ordos Basin were modulated by ~1.2-Myr obliquity and ~ 2.4-Myr eccentricity cycles, suggesting long-term astronomical forcing on hydrological circulation. The in-phase correlation between the reconstructed water level and global sea level at ~1.2-Myr intervals suggests that sedimentation was controlled by oceanic systems through transgression/regression events before ~294 Ma. Conversely, the anti-phase correlation between the reconstructed water level and global sea level at the same interval indicates that sedimentation was influenced by terrestrial systems through aquifer depletion and recharge after ~294 Ma. This shift in the correlation between water levels and global sea levels reflects the transition from an oceanic to a terrestrial sedimentary environment. These findings provide a high-resolution geochronological framework for further investigations and offer new insights into hydrological circulation, improving our understanding of the driving mechanisms behind sedimentary evolution in the North China Craton during the Late Palaeozoic Ice Age.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":12784,"journal":{"name":"Geological Journal","volume":"60 6","pages":"1370-1393"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144206615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Paleoenvironment, Provenance and Chert Origin of the Lower Cretaceous Xiguayuan Formation (Luanping Basin, North China): Evidence From the Geochemistry of Lacustrine Sediments","authors":"Chao Han,&nbsp;Lu Liu,&nbsp;Pengfei Xiang,&nbsp;Haibo Jia,&nbsp;Xiao Gao,&nbsp;Qiang Li","doi":"10.1002/gj.5111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/gj.5111","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Industrial shale oil/gas flow have been discovered in the Luanping Basin, and the hydrocarbon potential of the Lower Cretaceous Xiguayuan Formation (Luanping Basin, North China) has attracted the attention of geologists in recent years. The paleoenvironmental conditions, provenance and chert origin of the Xiguayuan Formation were studied using the geochemistry of lacustrine sediments in the Caoying section. A pronounced positive correlation between the oxygen and carbon isotopes of autogenous carbonates indicates the Early Cretaceous Luanping paleolake was an alternating depositional environment of open and closed, with obvious evaporation. The V/(V + Ni) ratios, negative Ce and Eu anomalies suggest that the Xiguayuan Formation was deposited in anoxic conditions with fewer instances of euxinic conditions. Sr/Ba, <i>Z</i> and <i>S</i> values together demonstrate a brackish to saline waterbody under semi-arid and fluctuating semi-humid paleoclimatic conditions. Various indicators show that they are predominantly derived from felsic igneous rocks and minor probable basic source supply with minor sedimentary recycling. The cherts are developed in Unit 1 and Unit 2, compared with Unit 3, Unit 1 and Unit 2 show relatively open, less reductive, high salinity. A theoretical formation model of alternating rise and drop in lake levels in the basin was established to show syndepositional bedded chert-bearing sedimentary succession. The acid river dominate water and the evaporation in front fan delta environment maybe the main factor that lead silica precipitation.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":12784,"journal":{"name":"Geological Journal","volume":"60 4","pages":"904-922"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143749575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Suitability Evaluation of CO2 Geological Storage in Deep Coal Seam: A Case Study in the Eastern Margin of Ordos Basin, China","authors":"Haojie Ma,&nbsp;Yanjun Meng,&nbsp;Xinyu Zhang,&nbsp;Xiaosong Cui,&nbsp;Jiaoxia Wang","doi":"10.1002/gj.5127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/gj.5127","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>CO₂ coal seam storage is a significant component of carbon capture and storage technology, which serves as a pivotal technical instrument for the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions. The Ordos Basin develops a considerable number of unminable coal seams, which present an optimal place for CO₂ coal seam storage. This paper presents an investigation into the geological characteristics of the No.4 coal seam reservoir in the Shanxi Formation of Permian age and the No.8 coal seam reservoir in the Benxi Formation of Carboniferous age. To explore the adsorption capacity of coal rock and the sealing performance of caprock, relevant experiments were conducted. The results of the experiments demonstrate that the adsorption capacity of CO₂ on the coal samples is 1.11–3.73 times that of CH₄. The results of the breakthrough pressure test demonstrate that the mudstone sealing performance is the most effective, followed by dense limestone and sandy mudstone. Combined with the geological data of the study area, the analytic hierarchy process method was used to evaluate the CO₂ storage potential of coal seams. The areas suitable for geological storage of CO₂ in the study area are located in the central part and the south-central part.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":12784,"journal":{"name":"Geological Journal","volume":"60 6","pages":"1346-1369"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144206617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geochemistry of Core Sediments From the Southeast Coast of Bangladesh: Constraints on Chemical Weathering, Paleoenvironmental Conditions, Provenance, and Tectonic Setting","authors":"H. M. Zakir Hossain,&nbsp;Anas Al Hossain,&nbsp;Md. Aminul Islam,&nbsp;Zhifei Liu,&nbsp;Mingyang Yu","doi":"10.1002/gj.5122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/gj.5122","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Major, trace, and rare-earth elements (REEs) were examined on modern sediments of a 70-m long core collected from the southeast coast of Bangladesh to understand chemical weathering, paleo-redox sensitivity, sediment maturity, source rock composition, and tectonic setting during the deposition of sediments. The core samples contained high SiO₂ (62–91 wt.%) and low Al₂O₃ (~5–17 wt.%) that showed a marked negative correlation (<i>r</i> = −0.98) with linear trends, indicating that the quartz rather than aluminosilicates mainly controlled SiO₂. Substantial depletion of major labile elements (e.g., Na₂O, CaO*, K₂O, Ba, and Sr) compared with the upper continental crust (UCC) indicates the destruction of feldspar during chemical weathering in the source area. The index of compositional variability (ICV) and the SiO₂/Al₂O₃ ratio of the sediments varied from 0.79 to 1.83 and 3.47–22.69, respectively, indicating immature to moderate compositional and mineralogical maturity. The chemical index of alteration (CIA, ~67–81), chemical index of weathering (CIW, ~69–91), and plagioclase index of alteration (PIA, ~71–92) parameters suggest moderate to high chemical weathering intensity in the source area, which was favoured and accelerated by the warm and humid conditions. The elemental ratios of V/Cr, Ni/V, Ni/Co, U/Th, Cu/Zn, and V/V + Ni suggested oxic to sub-oxic paleoenvironmental conditions that prevailed during sediment deposition. Provenance discrimination diagrams and elemental ratios (e.g., Th/Sc, Zr/Sc, La/Sc, Cr/V, and Co/Th) suggest their derivation from felsic source rocks (e.g., granodiorite, rhyolite, and granite). The chondrite-normalised (REEs) distributions show light REE enrichment (La_N/Yb_N, 7.61–14.35), nearly flat heavy REE (Gd_N/Yb_N, 1.33–2.25), and marked Eu anomalies (Eu/Eu*, ~0.58–1.40), suggesting an influx of sediments from felsic provenance. The REE patterns and parameters are similar throughout the sequence, confirming that the overall source composition remained unchanged. The tectonic setting discrimination diagrams show that the core sediments were mainly derived from active and passive margin environments.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":12784,"journal":{"name":"Geological Journal","volume":"60 5","pages":"1252-1269"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143914477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gravity Anomalies and Kimberlite Exploration in the Wajrakarur Kimberlite Field of South Indian Kimberlite Province","authors":"Raghu Vansh Bhushan Singh,&nbsp;Siriboyina Bangaru Babu,&nbsp;Birendra Pratap","doi":"10.1002/gj.5117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/gj.5117","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The Wajrakarur Kimberlite Field (WKF) in Anantapur, Andhra Pradesh, India, stands as a pivotal region for kimberlite exploration in the South Indian Kimberlite Province. It features distinct gravity highs and lows, sandwiched between Closepet Granite (CG) and Cuddapah Basin (CB), with notable gold-mineralized Ramagiri-Penakacherla Greenstone Belt (RPGB) and Jonnagiri Greenstone Belt (JGB). The structural features of gravity modelling include upwarping beneath the western CG and downwarping beneath Peninsular Gneissic Complex-II (PGC-II). Gravity signatures allow for the identification of shallow geological features such as granite structures and fault/shear zones around 3–4 km deep in the WKF region, with kimberlite pipes showing a preferential concentration along these zones. Deep-seated fault structures reveal the area's geological characteristics, offer insights into lithospheric fluid migration, and are key for evaluating fluid flow pathways associated with deep-seated minerals and kimberlite exploration. The study reveals regional variations and geological characteristics, providing valuable avenues for future research.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":12784,"journal":{"name":"Geological Journal","volume":"60 4","pages":"977-999"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143749688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Silurian to Early Triassic Magnetic Susceptibility Variations in the South Yellow Sea and Their Environmental Implications: Records From the CSDP-2 Well","authors":"Kai Yan,&nbsp;Xun-Hua Zhang,&nbsp;Xing-Wei Guo,&nbsp;Fang-Hui Hou,&nbsp;Jun Sun,&nbsp;Yu-Xiao Huang","doi":"10.1002/gj.5113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/gj.5113","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Until recently, no physical rock samples from the Palaeozoic to Mesozoic eras had been recovered from the South Yellow Sea (SYS), leaving the palaeoclimatic significance of this period largely unexplored. This study analyzes data from the Lower Silurian to Lower Triassic strata of the CSDP-2 Well, including magnetic susceptibility (MS) data from 251 samples and geochemical element data for 345 samples, to determine environmental changes and their implications. We successfully establishes vertically continuous and complete MS and geochemical curves within the SYS, and two depth segments with anomalous values and four climatic shifts are identified. Through the coupled analysis of MS and geochemical data, along with the synthesis of previously published data, one anomalous segment from 1690-2006. 9 meters below sea floor (mbsf) could represent the Late Devonian-Early Permian Ice Age, which lasted approximately 80 Ma. Another segment from 820-930 mbsf represents Emeishan and Siberian volcanism, with an interval between the two events spanning approximately 2.7 Ma. And 15 variation cycles are identified by analyzing changes of MS values, we found that geological event cycles spanned 3-9 Ma during the Early Silurian to Permian, but the interval shorten to approximately 28.6 Kyr in the Early Triassic. In summary, the CSDP-2 Well records several significant geological events and the SYS underwent an exceptionally complex evolution of geological environments during the Early Mesozoic. Additionally, MS data from CSDP-2 Well reveal unique variation patterns not seen in adjacent areas or other blocks, indicating that while the SYS was influenced by global climate and tectonic activities at block-level, it also experienced distinct regional geological environmental changes.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":12784,"journal":{"name":"Geological Journal","volume":"60 4","pages":"942-957"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143749690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dissecting the Structural Shift in Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Japan Amidst the Nexus of Natural Resource Rents, Income, and Population Growth: An Econometric Analysis","authors":"Isah Wada","doi":"10.1002/gj.5120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/gj.5120","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Human economic activities, aimed at rapid growth, contribute significantly to greenhouse gas emissions, thereby accelerating climate change and raising concerns about sustainability, particularly in the context of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (UNSDGs). The study's objectives align with UNSDG Goal 15, which seeks to minimise the impact of human activities on the environment and halt further environmental degradation. This study explores the structural shifts in greenhouse gas emissions in Japan by examining the relationship between total greenhouse gases, natural resource rents, real income, and population from 1970 to 2018. Utilising the novel autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model and dynamic quantile ARDL techniques, the analysis reveals an annual equilibrium convergence rate of approximately 34%–36%. The multivariate VECM causality system identifies significant long-run causal relationships, indicating the influence of these covariates on maintaining a stable equilibrium. In the short run, one-way causality is observed from resource rents, per capita income, and squared per capita income to total emissions. Long-term findings suggest that reductions in natural resource rents, per capita GDP, and population growth contribute to improved atmospheric quality. The results support the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis, confirming the existence of an ‘inverted U-curve’ for Japan. Furthermore, the robust quantile ARDL aligns these findings with the net probabilistic effects in both short- and long-term scenarios. By applying innovative accounting decomposition frameworks, the study shows that changes in greenhouse gas emissions, resource rents, and population growth consistently lead to reduced emissions in Japan. Overall, these findings provide empirical support for Japan's goal of achieving net carbon neutrality by 2050 and underscore the importance of adhering to transformative policy measures.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":12784,"journal":{"name":"Geological Journal","volume":"60 5","pages":"1202-1232"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143914478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}