Genome Biology and Evolution最新文献

Genomic signatures of polyploid origin and diploidization in Campanula americana. 美洲风铃多倍体起源和二倍体分化的基因组特征。

IF 3.3 2区生物学

Genome Biology and Evolution Pub Date : 2026-10-14 DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evag252

Alfredo López-Caamal, Laura F Galloway, Karen B Barnard-Kubow

{"title":"Genomic signatures of polyploid origin and diploidization in Campanula americana.","authors":"Alfredo López-Caamal, Laura F Galloway, Karen B Barnard-Kubow","doi":"10.1093/gbe/evag252","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/gbe/evag252","url":null,"abstract":"Cycles of whole-genome duplication (WGD) followed by return to diploidy have played a major role in plant evolution, yet genome evolution during intermediate stages of diploidization in autopolyploids remains less well characterized than in allopolyploids. We present a chromosome-scale genome assembly of Campanula americana to reconstruct its polyploid history and examine post-WGD diploidization. Our analyses revealed three WGDs, the most recent occurring approximately 10.4 million years ago. Multiple lines of evidence support an autopolyploid origin for C. americana, with none showing the chromosome-scale differentiation expected under allopolyploidy. At the structural level, duplicated homologous regions show extensive inversions and translocations, and the current chromosome number is reduced relative to the ancestral base number. These patterns are consistent with substantial cytological diploidization. In contrast, genic diploidization appears more gradual and balanced. Gene retention is broadly symmetric between homologous regions, and losses occur primarily as dispersed single-gene events rather than block-scale deletions, with no evidence for subgenome dominance. This pattern is consistent with limited inherited asymmetries between duplicated regions and differs from allopolyploids that show subgenome-biased fractionation. Phylogenetic and cytological evidence further suggest that the most recent WGD is shared across a small North American clade. Together, our results characterize C. americana as a polyploid in an intermediate diploidization stage (i.e. mesopolyploid), in which chromosome-level reorganization appears more advanced than gene fractionation. This genome establishes a foundation for comparative studies of genome evolution following WGD across the North American Campanulaceae, and more broadly for understanding how polyploid genomes return to a diploid-like state.","PeriodicalId":12779,"journal":{"name":"Genome Biology and Evolution","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149181326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Elevational melanism in East African Honey Bees involves a Major-Effect locus. 东非蜜蜂的遗传黑化涉及一个主效应位点。

IF 3.3 2区生物学

Genome Biology and Evolution Pub Date : 2026-10-14 DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evag260

Marco Mazzoni, Florian Loidolt, Sonja Kersten, Mark Otieno, Henry Njovu, Julius Vincent Lasway, Ricarda Scheiner, Martin Hasselmann

{"title":"Elevational melanism in East African Honey Bees involves a Major-Effect locus.","authors":"Marco Mazzoni, Florian Loidolt, Sonja Kersten, Mark Otieno, Henry Njovu, Julius Vincent Lasway, Ricarda Scheiner, Martin Hasselmann","doi":"10.1093/gbe/evag260","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/gbe/evag260","url":null,"abstract":"Thermal melanism, whereby darker pigmentation occurs in colder environments, is a widespread pattern, yet its genetic and physiological basis in eusocial insects remains poorly understood. East African honey bees (Apis mellifera) occupy elevational gradients in which highland populations are darker, larger, and more cold tolerant than lowland conspecifics. Here, we integrated population genomics, structural variations, and functional genomics to investigate elevational melanism. We sampled, phenotyped and resequenced 139 workers from five East African mountain systems. A genome wide association study identified 977 Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) significantly associated with abdominal pigmentation, with a single, peak at the ebony ortholog AmEbony on chromosome 1. Allelic variation at AmEbony formed three genetic clusters tracking a continuous pigmentation gradient, and 77 divergent SNPs (DXY = 1) almost perfectly discriminated dark from light bees. Two inversions (r7, r9), previously linked to high elevation adaptation, were detected across additional mountain systems and enriched in dark, highland genomic backgrounds, but did not replace AmEbony as the primary pigmentation locus. CRISPR/Cas9 disruption of AmEbony in A. m. carnica produced darker adults in a qualitative comparison, supporting a conserved role in pigmentation. Head RNA-seq and GENIE3 analysis identified recurrent genotype-associated modules involving oxidoreductase activity and odorant binding. Because population structure covaries with elevation and pigmentation, the GWAS supports AmEbony as a major-effect locus but cannot identify causal variants. Similarly, head-expression data identify molecular changes associated with AmEbony disruption, but cannot establish whether they contribute to pigmentation or whether naturally segregating East African alleles act through the same pathways.","PeriodicalId":12779,"journal":{"name":"Genome Biology and Evolution","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149181359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Molecular mechanisms driving larval green color adaptation in swallowtail butterfly, Papilio memnon. 燕尾蝶幼虫适应绿色的分子机制。

IF 3.3 2区生物学

Genome Biology and Evolution Pub Date : 2026-10-13 DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evag253

Liang Liu, Shinya Komata, Kai Wu, Takehiko Itoh, Tetsuya Kojima, Haruhiko Fujiwara

{"title":"Molecular mechanisms driving larval green color adaptation in swallowtail butterfly, Papilio memnon.","authors":"Liang Liu, Shinya Komata, Kai Wu, Takehiko Itoh, Tetsuya Kojima, Haruhiko Fujiwara","doi":"10.1093/gbe/evag253","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/gbe/evag253","url":null,"abstract":"Insects have evolved diverse anti-predator strategies, with coloration playing a central role through mechanisms such as mimicry and camouflage. Most swallowtail butterfly larvae switch from a black/white bird-dropping mimetic pattern to a green camouflage pattern at the final (5th) instar. In Papilio memnon, this switch from mimicry-like to camouflage also occurs at the final instar. But P. memnon initiates accumulating green coloration at the 3rd instar, earlier than its closely related species such as Papilio xuthus and Papilio polytes. This interspecific variation in the timing of green coloration provides a great model for understanding evolutionary and developmental mechanisms that drive the diversification of insect body coloration among closely related species. Through in vivo electroporation-mediated RNA interference (RNAi), we confirmed some bilin-binding proteins (BBPs), and juvenile hormone-binding proteins (JHBPs) as key effectors of green pigmentation in P. memnon. Further genomic analysis revealed that these BBP and JHBP genes are organized into conserved tandem clusters with the same gene order and transcriptional orientation across Papilio species. All BBPs and certain JHBPs within the corresponding clusters displayed markedly elevated expression in early-stage P. memnon larvae (green) relative to P. xuthus larvae (black). Together, our results suggest that heterochronic expression of conserved BBP and JHBP gene clusters contributes to the earlier onset of green coloration in P. memnon, potentially through evolutionary changes in upstream regulatory mechanisms shared by these genes.","PeriodicalId":12779,"journal":{"name":"Genome Biology and Evolution","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149166878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

How to write (and review) a Genome Report. 如何撰写（和审查）基因组报告。

IF 3.3 2区生物学

Genome Biology and Evolution Pub Date : 2026-10-12 DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evag258

Marc S Halfon, Gregor Bucher, Anna K Childers, David C Molik, David Luecke, Monica F Poelchau, Terrence Sylvester, Eric S Tvedte

引用次数: 0

Understanding the emergence of viral variants of concern via Bayesian molecular clock model selection. 通过贝叶斯分子钟模型选择了解病毒变异的出现。

IF 3.3 2区生物学

Genome Biology and Evolution Pub Date : 2026-10-12 DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evag256

Simona Ivanov, Samuel Fosse, Mario Dos Reis, Sebastian Duchene

{"title":"Understanding the emergence of viral variants of concern via Bayesian molecular clock model selection.","authors":"Simona Ivanov, Samuel Fosse, Mario Dos Reis, Sebastian Duchene","doi":"10.1093/gbe/evag256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/gbe/evag256","url":null,"abstract":"Bayesian inference of divergence times for extant species using molecular data is an unconventional statistical problem: divergence times and molecular rates are confounded, and only their product, the molecular branch length, is statistically identifiable. Priors on times and rates are needed to break this identifiability problem, imposing a lower bound on the uncertainty attainable under infinite data. With infinite data, uncertainty in node ages increases proportionally with their mean age, such that older nodes have higher uncertainty than younger nodes. If extinct taxa with known sampling times are present (i.e., `heterochronous' data), times and rates become identifiable and uncertainties go to zero with infinite data. However, in real heterochronous datasets (such as viruses and bacteria), alignments tend to be small and how uncertainty scales with data size has not been explored. Here we conducted extensive simulations and analyses of empirical data to develop the infinite-sites theory for heterochronous data. Contrary to expectations, we find that uncertainty in ages of internal nodes scales positively with the distance to their closest tip with known age (i.e., calibration age), not their absolute age. Estimation uncertainty decreases with calibration age more slowly in datasets with more site patterns, although overall uncertainty is lower in such datasets. Our framework establishes the minimum uncertainty attainable with perfect calibrations and effectively infinite sequence data. In a vast majority of cases, viral outbreak data are not sufficiently informative to display infinite-sites behaviour, and estimates of evolutionary timescales will depend on dataset size, information content, and model complexity.","PeriodicalId":12779,"journal":{"name":"Genome Biology and Evolution","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149168466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Is faster-X adaptation due to large-effect mutations? An empirical test of a new theory. 更快的x适应是由于大效应突变吗？一种新理论的经验检验。

IF 3.3 2区生物学

Genome Biology and Evolution Pub Date : 2026-10-10 DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evag259

Filip Ruzicka, Beatriz Vicoso

{"title":"Is faster-X adaptation due to large-effect mutations? An empirical test of a new theory.","authors":"Filip Ruzicka, Beatriz Vicoso","doi":"10.1093/gbe/evag259","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/gbe/evag259","url":null,"abstract":"A widespread observation in molecular evolution is that X-linked genes evolve faster-and often adapt faster-than autosomal genes. Three main ideas have been put forward to explain \"faster-X\" adaptation. The first is that new beneficial mutations are typically partially recessive with respect to fitness, leading to more efficient selection in hemizygous males. The second is that sex differences in recombination, or sex differences in variance in reproductive success, enhance the effective population size on the X chromosome relative to autosomes. Both ideas have limitations: the first conflicts with theories of dominance, in which beneficial mutations are proposed to be partially dominant, while the second only applies to some taxa. Here we tested a third, newly-proposed theory, in which mutations with large \"scaled phenotypic effects\" (i.e., large effects relative to the distance to a phenotypic optimum) experience more positive selection on the X. Specifically, we used three proxies for scaled phenotypic effects-amino-acid dissimilarity, amino-acid conservation, and gene age-and estimated X and autosomal rates of adaptation of nonsynonymous mutations across effect-size classes. We did this in three lineages with a well-documented faster-X: Drosophila melanogaster, Mus musculus, and Homo sapiens. As expected, we found that large-effect mutations were more likely to be under purifying selection and less likely to be under positive selection than small-effect mutations. However, contrary to the new theory, faster-X adaptation was not enriched among large-effect mutations. Overall, our results highlight an unresolved gap between patterns of sex chromosome evolution and theories of dominance for fitness.","PeriodicalId":12779,"journal":{"name":"Genome Biology and Evolution","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149169534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Individual gene translocations during metazoan evolution. 后生动物进化过程中的个体基因易位。

IF 3.3 2区生物学

Genome Biology and Evolution Pub Date : 2026-10-09 DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evag251

Trevor D Lamb, Kevin J Peterson, Hardip R Patel

{"title":"Individual gene translocations during metazoan evolution.","authors":"Trevor D Lamb, Kevin J Peterson, Hardip R Patel","doi":"10.1093/gbe/evag251","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/gbe/evag251","url":null,"abstract":"In contrast to the extensively studied translocation of large sections of DNA between chromosomes, this paper investigates the translocation of individual genes onto different chromosomes during metazoan evolution. We begin by extending the analysis of deeply conserved synteny of metazoan chromosomes reported by Simakov et al. (2022) [Science Advances 8:eabi5884] to a set of 46 invertebrate species that have annotated chromosome-level genome assemblies, and in each species we map the extant chromosome(s) that represent the proposed 29 ancestral chromosomes. Then, for more than 6000 gene families, we extract orthologs across the 46 species and we interrogate the patterns of chromosomes on which those orthologs reside, to determine a consensus ancestral chromosome for each gene family. A substantial proportion of families exhibit outliers, where the gene for a given species resides on an 'unexpected' chromosome, and we search for and locate ancestral gene translocation events that can explain batches of unexpected chromosomes across multiple species within a clade. We compare our orthology inference under three conditions: unconstrained; constrained to expected chromosomes; and conditional, where there is a preference for expected chromosomes. For the conditional case, we identify 4740 ancestral translocations plus 7164 subsequent translocations (a total of 11,904 gene translocations) within the 6495 gene families represented across our selection of 46 species from 32 clades. Correlating translocation numbers with branch length in the time tree indicates a very low translocation rate, below 1% of gene families per 100 million years (My) in our selected taxa.","PeriodicalId":12779,"journal":{"name":"Genome Biology and Evolution","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149136238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Genome-wide evolution of lineage-specific chromatin accessibility links regulatory changes to cichlid phenotypic diversity. 谱系特异性染色质可及性的全基因组进化将调节变化与慈鲷表型多样性联系起来。

IF 3.3 2区生物学

Genome Biology and Evolution Pub Date : 2026-10-08 DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evag247

Tarang K Mehta, Angela L Man, Graham Etherington, Alan M Smith, Adrian Indermaur, Walter Salzburger, Domino Joyce, Federica Di-Palma, Wilfried Haerty

{"title":"Genome-wide evolution of lineage-specific chromatin accessibility links regulatory changes to cichlid phenotypic diversity.","authors":"Tarang K Mehta, Angela L Man, Graham Etherington, Alan M Smith, Adrian Indermaur, Walter Salzburger, Domino Joyce, Federica Di-Palma, Wilfried Haerty","doi":"10.1093/gbe/evag247","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/gbe/evag247","url":null,"abstract":"East African cichlids from Lakes Victoria, Malawi and Tanganyika have undergone explosive adaptive radiation, generating extensive morphological, ecological and behavioural diversity within a few million years. Understanding how genome-wide regulatory evolution contributes to this diversification requires comparative analyses of chromatin accessibility, transcription factor (TF) binding and gene regulatory networks across species and tissues. Here we combine high-coverage ATAC-seq with matched RNA-seq in forebrain, retina, liver and testis from five East African cichlid species spanning radiating and non-radiating lineages to characterise the evolution of regulatory landscapes in this radiation. Thousands of promoter-associated accessible sites are conserved across species and tissues, yet more than half of these shared promoters show signatures of accelerated nucleotide evolution, particularly in genes linked to development and sensory function. In contrast, smaller sets of lineage- and tissue-specific accessible promoters, especially in retina, exhibit strong regulatory divergence and functional enrichment for visual system processes. Integrating TF footprinting and expression data uncovers pervasive TF binding site (TFBS) turnover at active promoters and extensive, tissue-dependent rewiring of motif-supported gene regulatory networks, with 86-97% of high-confidence edges being species-specific. Extending promoter TFBS variants into broader Malawi and tilapia phylogenies shows that functional variants in promoters of visual genes, such as actr1, segregate by clade and ecological niche. Together, these results demonstrate how accelerated regulatory sequence evolution, chromatin accessibility divergence and TFBS turnover jointly reshape regulatory architecture genome-wide in an iconic vertebrate radiation, providing insights into how non-coding regulatory evolution can drive rapid phenotypic diversification.","PeriodicalId":12779,"journal":{"name":"Genome Biology and Evolution","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149136030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A network perspective on the evolution of hybrid incompatibilities. 混合不兼容演变的网络视角。

IF 3.3 2区生物学

Genome Biology and Evolution Pub Date : 2026-10-03 DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evag248

Evgeny Brud, Rafael F Guerrero

{"title":"A network perspective on the evolution of hybrid incompatibilities.","authors":"Evgeny Brud, Rafael F Guerrero","doi":"10.1093/gbe/evag248","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/gbe/evag248","url":null,"abstract":"Theory predicts that hybrid incompatibilities accumulate faster than linearly with genetic divergence, a phenomenon known as the snowball effect. While this prediction is mathematically robust under simplifying assumptions, accumulating evidence suggests that the structure of gene interaction networks can alter both the rate and organization of incompatibility evolution. Here, we extend classic DMI models with a network approach, where the assumptions of the Orr model correspond to the special case of a complete network of gene interactions (in which each gene interacts with every other gene). We simulate the evolution of hybrid incompatibilities under different gene interaction networks and evaluate the effects of network density, topology, and substitution model. We find that network density strongly governs the rate of DMI accumulation, particularly under models permitting multiple substitutions per locus, while network topology shapes the agglomeration of incompatibilities into large, connected clusters. Substitution rate heterogeneity, especially when anti-correlated with node degree, further suppresses both accumulation and clustering. These results highlight that while the snowball effect remains qualitatively valid, the structure and evolution of the incompatibility network exhibit nontrivial departures from previous expectations, with implications for observable quantities in empirical systems. Our findings underscore the importance of incorporating genomic architecture and network constraints into models of speciation.","PeriodicalId":12779,"journal":{"name":"Genome Biology and Evolution","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149108483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Genetic Basis of Social Structure in the Pastoral Nomads of Central Eurasia. 欧亚大陆中部游牧民族社会结构的遗传基础。

IF 3.3 2区生物学

Genome Biology and Evolution Pub Date : 2026-10-03 DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evag249

Ayken Askapuli, Miguel G Vilar, Maxat Zhabagin, Zhaxylyk Sabitov, Zhaxybay Zhumadilov, Aaron Ragsdale, Theodore G Schurr, John Hawks, Naruya Saitou

{"title":"Genetic Basis of Social Structure in the Pastoral Nomads of Central Eurasia.","authors":"Ayken Askapuli, Miguel G Vilar, Maxat Zhabagin, Zhaxylyk Sabitov, Zhaxybay Zhumadilov, Aaron Ragsdale, Theodore G Schurr, John Hawks, Naruya Saitou","doi":"10.1093/gbe/evag249","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/gbe/evag249","url":null,"abstract":"Although the social structure of Central Eurasian pastoral nomads has been described as fluid and ad hoc by historians and anthropologists, its potential genetic basis remains poorly understood. To evaluate whether kinship based social organization has biological foundations, we surveyed Kazak populations in Jetisuu, Kazakstan, for genomic diversity with special reference to their kinship structure. We generated genome-wide SNP data (∼750 K) using GenoChip microarrays for 80 individuals from four Kazak clans in Jetisuu and 10 Kazaks from other regions. Our results reveal substantial concordance between genetic and genealogical data, with ∼64% of Jetisuu Kazaks sharing the same Y-chromosome haplotype, indicating they have a common paternal ancestry aligning with clan genealogies. By contrast, maternal lineages show remarkable heterogeneity, thereby reflecting female exogamy. Despite this sex-biased admixture pattern, autosomal SNPs reveal no pronounced population structure in Kazaks, suggesting genetic homogenization through ancient admixture followed by continuous gene flow between Kazak populations. Notably, Jetisuu Kazaks exhibit significantly reduced levels of runs of homozygosity (ROH) compared to their sedentary neighbors such as Turkmens, Tajiks, Uyghurs, and Uzbeks. This genomic signature likely results from clan exogamy, which functions as a biological mechanism to prevent inbreeding and maintain genetic diversity. Our findings demonstrate that nomadic social organization represents a sophisticated example of gene-culture co-evolution, where cultural practices have systematically shaped genetic patterns over centuries. These data provide new insights into historical pastoral nomadic societies and offer a nuanced perspective on anthropological debates about the nature of kinship in Central Eurasian nomads.","PeriodicalId":12779,"journal":{"name":"Genome Biology and Evolution","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149108424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0