Disability, CBR & Inclusive Development最新文献

{"title":"The Arabic Version of Trinity Amputation and Prosthetic Experience Scale\u0000 - Revised (TAPES-R) for Lower Limb Amputees: Reliability and\u0000 Validity","authors":"Reem Massarweh, Mohammad Sobuh","doi":"10.5463/DCID.V30I1.718","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5463/DCID.V30I1.718","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Despite the importance of the evaluation process in lower limb prosthetic rehabilitation, prostheses are rarely evaluated properly in the Arab world. This is partly due to the absence of any suitable Arabic evaluative tool. The aim of this study is to translate TAPES-R (a standardised evaluative questionnaire) into Arabic and to investigate its psychometric properties on lower limb amputees. Such a tool would ultimately be of benefit for clinical follow-up and research purposes. Method: International standards were followed for the forward- and back-translation of the TAPES-R questionnaire. A sample of 111 Arabic-speaking volunteers with lower limb amputation completed the translated version of the questionnaire. The responses were then statistically analysed using factor analysis and Cronbach’s α to assess the content and construct validity, and internal consistency (reliability) respectively. Results: Factor analysis showed that the questionnaire’s items (included in the analysis) can be divided into three distinct dimensions as was originally suggested. The distribution of the items within the three dimensions is comparable with the original questionnaire. All three parts of TAPES-R showed high reliability; where Cronbach’s α were .892, .894, and .873 respectively. Conclusion: This study found that the Arabic version of TAPES-R represents a valid and reliable tool. Limitations: The questionnaire is designed to be emailed or posted, but the majority of the amputee population in Jordan did not have these services, so direct contact with each participant was necessary.","PeriodicalId":127712,"journal":{"name":"Disability, CBR & Inclusive Development","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132207075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revenue and Expenses over Five Years in Intellectual Disability Service\u0000 Providers in Pennsylvania","authors":"S. Spreat","doi":"10.5463/DCID.V29I4.797","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5463/DCID.V29I4.797","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The aim of this study was to ascertain the financial health of intellectual disability provider agencies in Pennsylvania over a five-year period of time. Method: GuideStar was used to access the 990 tax forms of 79 provider agencies belonging to the PAR provider association. Results: Data revealed that approximately 1/3 of the service providers had expenses that exceeded revenue each year.   Despite this negative finding, net assets of the provider agencies grew and it was evident that additional money was entering the system.   The threats of this sort of situation were discussed. Conclusions: It appears to be a constant that 1/3 of provider agencies have expenses that exceed revenue each year. This data questions the long-term sustainability of Pennsylvania intellectual disability providers.","PeriodicalId":127712,"journal":{"name":"Disability, CBR & Inclusive Development","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133395170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physical Disability, Rights and Stigma in Ghana: A Review of\u0000 Literature","authors":"Jeff D Grischow, Magnus Mfoafo-M’Carthy, Anne Vermeyden, Jessica Cammaert","doi":"10.5463/DCID.V29I4.752","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5463/DCID.V29I4.752","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: This is a survey of peer-reviewed articles focussed on the causes and consequences of stigma towards persons with physical disability in Ghana. Method: After a systematic search of the online databases EBSCOhost, ProQuest, PubMEd and Web of Science for peer-reviewed articles on disability in Ghana, 26 articles were chosen for critical review.  The three main selection criteria were: the articles had to be peer-reviewed, they had to be based on interviews with Ghanaians in the field, and they had to discuss stigma and human rights.  For analysis, the content of the articles was grouped under two sections: major themes (human rights, causes of stigma, consequences of stigma) and policy recommendations (economics, medical services/healthcare, affirmative action, attitudes and awareness-raising, inclusion of cultural beliefs). Results: This review found that most of the studies attribute stigma to negative attitudes towards Ghanaians with disability, and many highlight beliefs among Ghanaians that disability is caused by spiritual and supernatural forces. The consequences, according to most authors, are social, economic and political exclusion. Policy recommendations include improving government policy, increasing funding for disability programmes, changing public attitudes, and paying attention to Ghanaian culture and tradition in designing disability interventions. While these are valid points, the authors of this paper are of the opinion that the literature also suffers from lack of a deep understanding of the historical and socio-cultural roots of supernatural beliefs in Ghana.     Conclusion: The 26 studies discussed in this review show that since 2006 very good work has been produced on disability in Ghana, especially by Ghanaian disability scholars.  It is hypothesised, however, that a full understanding of disability and stigma in Ghana must be based on deeper research into the roots of the beliefs that drive stigma.  Future work therefore should focus on deepening the analysis of cultural beliefs towards disability in Ghana, in order to understand fully the roots of culturally-based disability stigma. More research into the economic causes and consequences of disability is also recommended, without which a full analysis of cultural stigma will not be possible.","PeriodicalId":127712,"journal":{"name":"Disability, CBR & Inclusive Development","volume":"80 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120943265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of Tactile Diagrams in Teaching Science to Visually Impaired Learners\u0000 at the Upper Primary Level","authors":"Pramila Tanwar","doi":"10.5463/DCID.V29I4.772","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5463/DCID.V29I4.772","url":null,"abstract":"Inclusive classrooms are a must in today’s education system so that all the students are given equal opportunities, irrespective of their abilities. Understanding science without diagrams and illustrations can be a challenging task for learners. Although Braille books are available for visually impaired students, they lack diagrams and illustrations. To address this issue, the Department of Education in Science and Mathematics (DESM), National Council of Educational Research and Training (NCERT), New Delhi, has brought out a tactile science book for upper primary level students. This paper aims to convey the importance of the tactile science book for students of class VI. The tactile science books were distributed to students from different inclusive schools as well as students in special schools. The students with visual impairments felt that they were able to understand science concepts easily with the aid of the tactile diagrams. The tactile science book can promote comprehensive classrooms in inclusive set-ups and, through diagrams and illustrations, can help students with visual impairments to increase the efficacy of their learning.","PeriodicalId":127712,"journal":{"name":"Disability, CBR & Inclusive Development","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130034066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accessibility of Public Buildings in Khulna, Bangladesh, for Wheelchair\u0000 Users","authors":"F. Farzana","doi":"10.5463/DCID.V29I4.785","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5463/DCID.V29I4.785","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose : Physical accessibility is one of the fundamental rights of wheelchair users in order to ensure their integration into society. After Bangladesh ratified the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) on November 30, 2007, there has been a paradigm shift in the government’s approach to ensure the welfare and rights of persons with disabilities through legislative and policy actions. This study assesses how accommodative the public buildings are for wheelchair users in Khulna, Bangladesh. Method : All the public buildings in Khulna city - including government offices, public schools, colleges and universities, hospitals, libraries, post offices and court buildings -  were visited to assess the presence and suitability of facilities for wheelchair users, such as accessible parking, ramps, elevators, doors, and essential interior facilities like water closets and drinking-water fountains.  Bangladesh has no specific accessibility guidelines document, but accessibility requirements have been included in the Bangladesh National Building Code (BNBC) 2008. The study made its assessment using an abridged form of the Americans with Disabilities Act Accessibility Guidelines (ADAAG) and BNBC 2008. Results : Only 6.7% (5) of the 75 public buildings were found suitable for wheelchair users. There is scope for modifications to be made in 28% (21) of the buildings which are currently unsuitable for wheelchair users. Conclusion : The study revealed that public buildings are, in general, not very accommodative of wheelchair users. There is a need for modifications in infrastructure to ensure inclusive development of these individuals.","PeriodicalId":127712,"journal":{"name":"Disability, CBR & Inclusive Development","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122251409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of Communication Disorders on Discrimination against Deaf\u0000 Workers","authors":"Husnija Hasanbegović, Jasmina Kovačević","doi":"10.5463/DCID.V29I4.781","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5463/DCID.V29I4.781","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The study aimed to determine the impact of communication disorders on discrimination against people who are deaf in the workplace, as well as to find the differences in study participants’ opinions. Method: The study sample consisted of 171 respondents from different industries in Bosnia-Herzegovina- 57 workers who were deaf, 57 workers who could hear, and 57 managers. Both quantitative and qualitative approaches were used in the survey. The opinions of the respondents were elicited through a questionnaire which consisted of 15 statements. The interviews of workers and managers focussed on the presence of discrimination against deaf workers in the workplace. Responses of respondents were converted to quantified values using analysis of discrimination group. The significance of statistical differences among the samples tested is defined at 0.01 level of significance using F-Test. Results: Discriminant analysis tested the null hypothesis that respondents’ answers do not differ regarding discrimination against deaf workers in the workplace. However differences were found between the groups that felt deaf workers did not have equal position at work in comparison to their hearing co-workers. Participants mentioned a number of barriers in workplaces. Workers were of the opinion that there was significant discrimination in the workplace (p>0.01) between groups of participants. Conclusion: There are statistically significant differences in the opinions of respondents regarding statements that workers who are deaf cannot hold positions equal to their co-workers who have regular hearing.","PeriodicalId":127712,"journal":{"name":"Disability, CBR & Inclusive Development","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128196743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Knowledge about Childhood Autism among IERT/ SSA teachers\u0000 in the State of Andhra Pradesh, India","authors":"P. Elumalai","doi":"10.5463/DCID.V29I4.799","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5463/DCID.V29I4.799","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":127712,"journal":{"name":"Disability, CBR & Inclusive Development","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122084597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Barriers in Dental Care Delivery for Children with Special Needs in\u0000 Chennai, India: A Mixed Method Research","authors":"L. Krishnan, K. Iyer, P. Kumar","doi":"10.5463/DCID.V29I4.739","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5463/DCID.V29I4.739","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The study aimed to assess the barriers faced by children with disability, both qualitatively and quantitatively, from the perspectives of caregivers and dental practitioners. Methods : A concurrent mixed method design was used. A sample of 195 dentists and 100 caregivers was selected through convenience sampling. A pre-validated questionnaire was used to assess the barriers faced by the children with disability in their care. Focus group discussions and in-depth interviews were conducted with caregivers. Descriptive statistics were computed using SPSS version 20 and thematic analysis of qualitative data was done using NVivo software. Results: 195 dentists and 100 caregivers responded to the survey. Majority of practising dentists (83.7%) reported inadequate training in handling children with special needs, while caregivers (38%) reported fear of dentist among the children as major barriers experienced in utilising dental services. Conclusion and Implications: This study helps to identify the barriers faced by children with special healthcare needs. The findings highlight the need for hands-on training to be incorporated into the dental curriculum. It also suggests that improvements be made in dental clinics to accommodate these children in comfort. Due to limitations of the study, it is suggested that there is a need for further longitudinal studies that involve other family members of children with disability.","PeriodicalId":127712,"journal":{"name":"Disability, CBR & Inclusive Development","volume":"104 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129472847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Children with Cerebral Palsy in Bangladesh: Their Contribution to the\u0000 Development of a Rehabilitation Training Programme","authors":"M. Zuurmond, Ilias Mahmud, S. Hartley","doi":"10.5463/DCID.V29I4.598","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5463/DCID.V29I4.598","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Although cerebral palsy is the most prevalent health condition linked to childhood disability in Bangladesh, support and rehabilitation for this group is limited and intervention development is slow. An initiative to address these unmet needs was the development of a parent training programme for the rehabilitation of children with cerebral palsy. The aim of this study was to explore what was important in the everyday lives of children with cerebral palsy in rural Bangladesh and take their views into account in order to inform the parent/caregiver training programme. Methods: Qualitative data was collected from12 children with cerebral palsy, between 5 - 14 years of age.  The children were purposively selected from among those who attended the parent training programme. A participatory method called the ‘Feeling Dice’ was used to elicit children’s feelings about their everyday lives. The approach was easy to use, acceptable in the local context, the children enjoyed the activity, and it generated rich information.  Results: ‘Inclusion in play’ and ‘being able to attend school’ made the children happy and were their two main priorities, yet were not key issues for parents. The children were frustrated by their dependence on others for day-to-day activities such as feeding, bathing, and transport to school.  Children also played an important part in encouraging their parents to attend the training course. Conclusion: This study showed that valuable information can be gathered from children with cerebral palsy by using a simple and adaptable participatory research tool.  Children’s views and priorities sometimes differed from those of their parents and carers, and could be useful for developing more relevant and valid interventions.  Children need to be recognised as important ‘agents of change’ within their own rehabilitation. This methodology is in harmony with the UNCRPD recommendations, and supports inclusive and rights-based intervention development.","PeriodicalId":127712,"journal":{"name":"Disability, CBR & Inclusive Development","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130709218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of an Aerobic Fitness Programme Intervention on the Motor\u0000 Proficiency of Children with Mild and Moderate Intellectual Disabilities in\u0000 India","authors":"Ritu Kalgotra, Jaspal Singh Warwal","doi":"10.5463/DCID.V29I3.768","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5463/DCID.V29I3.768","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The study aimed to assess the effect of an Aerobic Fitness Programme intervention on children with mild and moderate intellectual disabilities in Jammu, India. Method: In a pre-test post-test control group design, 66 children with mild and moderate intellectual disabilities, who fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria, were placed in control and experimental groups. A validated tool, the Test of Motor Proficiency, was used as a pre-test and post-test measure to assess the effect of the intervention. Results: The mean difference between the two groups of children with mild and moderate intellectual disabilities was significant. ANCOVA analysis indicated F (1,28) = 312.13, P =.00 in children with mild intellectual disabilities, and F (1,32) = 22.540, P =.00 in children with moderate intellectual disabilities. The intervention was effective in developing visual motor control, upper limb speed and dexterity, running speed and agility, balance, strength, and upper limb coordination. It was ineffective in improving bilateral coordination in both groups of children with intellectual disabilities. Conclusion: This intervention programme can be introduced into the daily curriculum of children with intellectual disabilities at special schools. It would be helpful in compensating for the lack of physical activity due to classroom-based teaching.","PeriodicalId":127712,"journal":{"name":"Disability, CBR & Inclusive Development","volume":"159 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122168962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}