Green and Sustainable Chemistry最新文献_第6页

Perfect Solvent- and Catalyst-Free Syntheses of Imine Derivatives Using the Pressure Reduction Technique 用压力还原技术合成亚胺衍生物的完美无溶剂和无催化剂

Green and Sustainable Chemistry Pub Date : 2019-10-12 DOI: 10.4236/gsc.2019.94008

Shoko Suzuki, Hiroyuki Ito, S. Ishizuka, R. Nonaka, M. Noike, T. Kodama, K. Funaki, Mizuho Taguchi, Taisei Kagaya, Sayaka Sato, G. Redler, Y. Yokoyama*

{"title":"Perfect Solvent- and Catalyst-Free Syntheses of Imine Derivatives Using the Pressure Reduction Technique","authors":"Shoko Suzuki, Hiroyuki Ito, S. Ishizuka, R. Nonaka, M. Noike, T. Kodama, K. Funaki, Mizuho Taguchi, Taisei Kagaya, Sayaka Sato, G. Redler, Y. Yokoyama*","doi":"10.4236/gsc.2019.94008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/gsc.2019.94008","url":null,"abstract":"In the field of organic syntheses, the development of environmentally \u0000friendly methods based on the concept of green chemistry has been always \u0000required. In response to this requirement, we reported solvent- and \u0000catalyst-free syntheses of imines using the pressure reduction technique as a \u0000key technology. We found that this reaction proceeded very rapidly in the \u0000initial stage, but its rate decreased with the passage of time. It was also \u0000found that the reaction of benzaldehyde with aniline had a specificity that the \u0000phase transition occurred. In this method, the desired imines could be obtained \u0000in good to excellent yields, but target compounds had to be given by \u0000purifications using organic solvents. Therefore, we tried to develop the \u0000perfect synthetic method of imine derivatives without organic or inorganic \u0000solvents. We selected two methods and took them into this investigation. One \u0000was exactly mixing (1:1, substance ratio) aldehydes and amines and the other \u0000was employing lower pressure (>0.1 mmHg, previous method: 1.0 mmHg) at the \u0000pressure reducing technique. When this improved synthetic method was performed, \u0000it was revealed that pure target imines were obtained in excellent yields \u0000without any purification.","PeriodicalId":12770,"journal":{"name":"Green and Sustainable Chemistry","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85525655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Conjugate Addition of Indoles to α,β-Unsaturated Ketones Using Bismuth (III) Bromide 用溴化铋(III)共轭加成吲哚与α，β-不饱和酮

Green and Sustainable Chemistry Pub Date : 2019-07-18 DOI: 10.4236/GSC.2019.93005

Tyler J. Rauwolf, Zhi Geng, Zachary P. Kinney, Jared Renfroe, Jack Roireau, Lauren Yep, R. Mohan

引用次数: 2

A Comparative Study for the Development of Coal-to-Liquids Industries in China, South Africa and United States 中国、南非和美国煤制油工业发展的比较研究

Green and Sustainable Chemistry Pub Date : 2019-07-18 DOI: 10.4236/GSC.2019.93006

Yiming Li, Changqing Li

{"title":"A Comparative Study for the Development of Coal-to-Liquids Industries in China, South Africa and United States","authors":"Yiming Li, Changqing Li","doi":"10.4236/GSC.2019.93006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/GSC.2019.93006","url":null,"abstract":"Many energy \u0000consuming countries have carried out research, development, demonstration, \u0000planning and deployment of coal-to-liquids (CTL) because of its ability to \u0000replace oil imports by converting coal resources into fuel. Among them, China \u0000and South Africa successfully had their CTL technology industrialized, while \u0000the United States did not. To understand the differences in the industrial development \u0000level, a comparative study is necessary. This paper compares the history, driver \u0000and policy of CTL industry in China, South Africa and United States, collates \u0000and discloses numbers of industry details for the first time. We figure out \u0000that the motivation, top level planning and policy consistency are the key \u0000indicators of the difference on the industrial development level. Among them, \u0000the key to the success of CTL industrialization in China and South Africa is \u0000the government’s strong and stable determination to improve energy security, \u0000which provides a stable top-level planning and robust policy support. The \u0000failure of CTL in United States is caused by the shift of policy attention after \u0000its energy security situation improved.","PeriodicalId":12770,"journal":{"name":"Green and Sustainable Chemistry","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82686897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Discarded Carbon-Zinc Batteries as Source of an Efficient Heterogeneous Fenton-Like Catalyst Employed to Degrade Organic Molecules in an Aqueous Medium 废弃碳锌电池作为一种高效非均相类芬顿催化剂用于降解水介质中的有机分子

Green and Sustainable Chemistry Pub Date : 2019-07-18 DOI: 10.4236/GSC.2019.93007

A. Valadares, S. F. Resende, I. M. F. Oliveira, R. Augusti

{"title":"Discarded Carbon-Zinc Batteries as Source of an Efficient Heterogeneous Fenton-Like Catalyst Employed to Degrade Organic Molecules in an Aqueous Medium","authors":"A. Valadares, S. F. Resende, I. M. F. Oliveira, R. Augusti","doi":"10.4236/GSC.2019.93007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/GSC.2019.93007","url":null,"abstract":"The present work evaluates the feasibility of using the raw material \u0000collected from discarded zinc-carbon batteries as heterogeneous catalyst to \u0000degrade the dye Indigo Carmine in an aqueous solution. Besides the evident \u0000environmental application, this work also presents an economic alternative for \u0000the production of new catalysts used to remediate polluted waters. For this, \u0000discarded carbon-zinc batteries were gathered, disassembled and their anodic \u0000paste collected. After acidic treatment and calcination at 500°C, \u0000characterization measurements, i.e. flame atomic absorption spectroscopy (FAAS), nitrogen sorption, X-ray \u0000diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), revealed that the \u0000so-obtained material consisted mainly of ZnMn2O4. This \u0000material acts as a heterogeneous catalyst in a Fenton-like process that degrades \u0000the dye Indigo Carmine in water. That is probably due to the presence of \u0000Mn(III) (manganese in the +3 oxidation state) in this material that triggers \u0000the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) to yield \u0000hydroxyl radicals (HO·). Moreover, \u0000direct infusion electrospray ionization coupled to high resolution mass \u0000spectrometry (ESI-HRMS) was employed to characterize the main by-products \u0000resulting from such degradation process. These initial results thus indicate \u0000that raw materials from waste batteries can therefore be potentially employed \u0000as efficient Fenton-like catalysts to degrade organic pollutants in an aqueous \u0000solution.","PeriodicalId":12770,"journal":{"name":"Green and Sustainable Chemistry","volume":"198 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87254940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Rapid and Facile Synthesis Method for Nanosize Rutile Phase TiO2 with High Photocatalytic Activity 高光催化活性纳米金红石相TiO2的快速简便合成方法

Green and Sustainable Chemistry Pub Date : 2019-05-16 DOI: 10.4236/GSC.2019.92003

Priyanka P. Bidaye, J. Fernandes

引用次数: 2

A Sustainable Preparation of Functional Perylenophanes by Domino Metathesis 多米诺复分解法制备功能性过烯酸的研究

Green and Sustainable Chemistry Pub Date : 2019-05-15 DOI: 10.4236/GSC.2019.92004

H. Langhals, Maximilian Rauscher, P. Mayer

引用次数: 1

Conference Paper: Green Industry Adapted to Recycling Needs of Lubumbashi City and Surrounding Areas in Democratic Republic of the Congo 会议论文:适应刚果民主共和国卢本巴希市及周边地区回收需求的绿色产业

Green and Sustainable Chemistry Pub Date : 2019-02-21 DOI: 10.4236/GSC.2019.91002

T. M. Mwene-Mbeja

{"title":"Conference Paper: Green Industry Adapted to Recycling Needs of Lubumbashi City and Surrounding Areas in Democratic Republic of the Congo","authors":"T. M. Mwene-Mbeja","doi":"10.4236/GSC.2019.91002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/GSC.2019.91002","url":null,"abstract":"The interest of this conference is agricultural, environmental, bioenergetics, and sanitary. In that context, domestic, agricultural and industrial environments produce organic waste, which needs to be collected, selected, stored and recycled properly in order to avoid environmental pollution and promote agriculture. The green Industry proposed involves the conversion of natural, non-toxic organic waste in order to efficiently produce organic fertilizers for agriculture. These types of fertilizers from biological origin are suitable because they are not toxic for human and the environment. Enzymatic reactions described in this presentation concern mainly the hydrolysis of proteins, sugars and lipids, the acidification of intermediate products from hydrolysis, the formation of acetate, and the production of methane. In other words, this review is timely as it discusses for the chemical behavior or the reactivity of different functional groups to better understand the enzymatic catalysis in the transformations of residual proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids to generate biomethane and fertilizers. In the same perspective, this review is to enrich the documentation related to organic reactions catalyzed by enzymes, which occur in the anaerobic degradation of residual organic substances, with emphasis on the structures of organic compounds and reaction mechanisms. This will allow understanding the displacement of the electrons of a reactive entity rich in electrons to another reactive entity that is poor in electrons to form new bonds in products.","PeriodicalId":12770,"journal":{"name":"Green and Sustainable Chemistry","volume":"439 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85543068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Production, Characterisation and Fatty Acid Composition of Jatropha curcas Biodiesel as a Viable Alternative to Conventional Diesel Fuel in Nigeria 尼日利亚麻疯树生物柴油作为常规柴油的可行替代品的生产、表征和脂肪酸组成

Green and Sustainable Chemistry Pub Date : 2019-01-23 DOI: 10.4236/GSC.2019.91001

A. Azeez, Adeyinka Olubunmi Fasakin, J. Orege

{"title":"Production, Characterisation and Fatty Acid Composition of Jatropha curcas Biodiesel as a Viable Alternative to Conventional Diesel Fuel in Nigeria","authors":"A. Azeez, Adeyinka Olubunmi Fasakin, J. Orege","doi":"10.4236/GSC.2019.91001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/GSC.2019.91001","url":null,"abstract":"Ethyl ester biodiesel has been produced from a non-edible Jatropha curcas oil. Oil was extracted from the plant seed using n-hexane at 60°C and pretreated by alkaline refining process to reduce the free fatty acid level to less than 1%. Base-catalysed transesterification reaction with absolute ethanol using potassium hydroxide catalyst was adopted for the conversion. Various physicochemical properties of the refined Jatropha curcas oil were investigated. The ethyl ester biodiesel produced was characterised for its fuel properties such as specific gravity at 15°C, flash point, pour point, kinematic viscosity, cetane number, iodine value and higher heating value using American Society for Testing and Materials Standard Methods. The crude and refined Jatropha curcas oil yields were 58.16% and 52.5%. The physicochemical analysis revealed FFA, saponification value and peroxide value of refined Jatropha curcas oil to be 0.58 mg KOH/g, 159.9 and 1.92 m E/kg respectively. The fatty acid composition obtained from gas chromatography (GC) revealed that the oil contained 44.85% oleic acid as the dominant fatty acid, while Margaric 0.01% and Behenic 0.02% the least. The biodiesel yield was 57.6%, and its measured fuel properties conformed with ASTM 6751 and EN 14214 standards.","PeriodicalId":12770,"journal":{"name":"Green and Sustainable Chemistry","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86826850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

Different Influence of Structure Elements of Ionic Liquids on the Knoevenagel Condensation Reactions 离子液体结构元素对Knoevenagel缩合反应的不同影响

Green and Sustainable Chemistry Pub Date : 2018-11-15 DOI: 10.4236/GSC.2018.84022

S. Zeltkalne, A. Zicmanis

引用次数: 1

A Concept for a Novel Test for Chemical Parity 化学宇称检验的一个新概念

Green and Sustainable Chemistry Pub Date : 2018-10-29 DOI: 10.4236/GSC.2018.84021

H. Langhals, Oswald Krotz

引用次数: 0