Forest Science最新文献

{"title":"Development of Non-Timber Forest Product Industry in the Context of Trade Globalization: A Case Study in Wuyishan, China","authors":"Yixuan Luo, Xiao Feng","doi":"10.1093/forsci/fxad009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/forsci/fxad009","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 With the trend of trade globalization, developing countries have an indispensable role in the global value chain. In China, production and trade of forest products appear to be considerably sensitive in balancing industry development and ecological conservation. Simultaneously, increased trade in non-timber forest products (NTFPs) has merged as a new direction for sustainable forestry development. This study explores the effect of the NTFP trade globalization process on NTFP producer capital input using a dataset of 976 oolong tea producers in Wuyishan City, China, from 2008 to 2020. We ran pooled- ordinary least square regression and the results show that the trade globalization process of tea products is a driving force in oolong tea producer capital inputs in Wuyishan City, which increases with forest resources and producer scale. Additionally, our findings reveal that the local government implemented a fiscal policy to promote a sustainable composite model (SCM) in tea production, which includes terrace protection, organic fertilizers, tea-broadleaf symbiosis, and ecological water systems. Given structural growth in demand for tea products driven by trade globalization, the SCM promotion policy enhanced the quantity and quality of oolong tea products based on a harmonious coexistence with nature resulting in a mutually beneficial outcome for the government and producers.\u0000 Study Implications: Results of our study provide evidence that NTFP trade globalization and diversification can promote the NTFP industry by increasing productive capital inputs by producers and innovatively summarize an environmentally benign solution for the adjustment of the production model of NTFPs. The scarcity of forestland and the social uses of forest resources require embedding sustainable governance into the development of the NTFP industry. With government support, the new model of sustainable NTFP production can serve the long-term planning of rational forest resource use.","PeriodicalId":12749,"journal":{"name":"Forest Science","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81412286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Silvicultural Treatments Affect Growth and Foliar Nutrients in a Young Ponderosa Pine Stand","authors":"J. Moore, Zhaofei Fan, T. Shaw","doi":"10.1093/forsci/fxad010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/forsci/fxad010","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Foliar nutrient status, diameter, and height growth were investigated for young ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) stands grown under six fertilizer and herbicide treatments (including control) in southeast Washington to diagnose foliar nutrient status and evaluate the effects of silvicultural treatments on growth rates. Two application methods of fertilizer (one “best guess” multi-nutrient fertilizer blend) and herbicide applications (broadcast or spot) were used in the study. Broadcast herbicide application produced higher tree growth responses than spot application. The two broadcast application methods improved diameter increments by 43.3%, whereas the average response of the three spot application methods during the third growing season was only 14.5%. Height growth response for these same two treatments was much less than the diameter response. Fertilizer application in addition to herbicide did not significantly increase tree growth over herbicide alone. Foliar nutrient response to fertilization based on foliar vector analysis was inconsistent, possibly due to nutrient imbalances resulting from the one multi-nutrient blend used in our experiment. Control of grass completion produced a rapid posttreatment early growth trajectory and suggested that stand establishment was successful in this plantation. Our results should also be useful in naturally regenerated young ponderosa pine forests subject to heavy grass competition.\u0000 Study Implications: Given the increasing need for reforestation in the western United States, results from our study should provide useful information for forest managers. Stand establishment is a critical phase for ponderosa pine stands. Broadcast herbicide application in a recently established plantation produced a rapid early growth trajectory. In this experiment, reducing severe sod grass competition was the most important factor that increased tree growth. Our results may also apply to naturally regenerated ponderosa pine stands. Fertilization with a multi-nutrient fertilizer blend did not significantly increase tree growth as a separate treatment or when combined with herbicide. Foliar nutrient response to fertilization was inconsistent, possibly due to nutrient imbalances resulting from the multi-nutrient fertilizer blend used in our experiment. Fertilization rate and nutrient composition trials are needed to develop effective fertilization treatments in young ponderosa pine stands. Based on our results, fertilizing without vegetation control is not recommended when there is heavy grass competition. The grasses proliferated following only fertilization to the detriment of the trees. For the conditions in our study, we cannot recommend adding fertilizer in addition to the herbicide as a treatment because fertilization did not significantly increase tree growth over herbicide alone. We feel fertilization rate and nutrient composition trials are needed to develop effective fertilization treatments in young ponderosa ","PeriodicalId":12749,"journal":{"name":"Forest Science","volume":"60 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89171063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to: The Decision Trees Method to Support the Choice of Economic Evaluation Procedure: The Case of Protection Forests","authors":"","doi":"10.1093/forsci/fxad016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/forsci/fxad016","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12749,"journal":{"name":"Forest Science","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135648809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic Parameter Estimates from a Polymix Breeding Population of Pinus taeda L.","authors":"M. Alan, K. Payn, S. McKeand, F. Isik","doi":"10.1093/forsci/fxad006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/forsci/fxad006","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Estimation of genetic parameters from progeny testing is essential for many important decisions in forest tree breeding. In this study, we estimated heritabilities, trait-trait genetic correlations, and genotype by environment (GxE) interactions using a large multi-environmental data set of Pinus taeda L. in the southern United States. In the study, 284 parents were pollinated with a pollen mix and were field tested in four different test series. A total of twenty tests (two to seven tests per series) were established using randomized complete block design with single tree plots. Half-sib family-mean heritability estimates within individual test series varied considerably for all the traits. Pooled estimates of half-sib family-mean heritability estimates across series were 0.81 for fusiform rust incidence; they were relatively lower for tree height (0.68), diameter at breast height (DBH; 0.66), and stem straightness (0.58). Genetic correlations between pairs of traits were low except for height and diameter, which had a high genetic correlation (0.79). Additive genetic correlations between pairs of sites within test series (as a measure of GxE) varied. The pooled estimates ranged between 0.65 (DBH) to 0.80 (fusiform rust). The results suggest that polymix mating is efficient for parental selection in Pinus taeda L. and for deployment in the seed orchards.\u0000 Study Implications: This study focused on genetic variation in the Piedmont breeding population of Pinus taeda L. in the United States. The Piedmont population was developed for more inland and colder regions of the species. Fusiform rust disease incidence of pine species of southeastern United States is a major threat to pine plantations. Understanding the level of genetic control on disease outcome is vital to develop sound breeding strategies and recommend deployment practices to mitigate the economic loss of landowners. The results provide valuable information to breeders to select disease-resistant genotypes to breed and put into seed orchards to mass-produce stock for planting.","PeriodicalId":12749,"journal":{"name":"Forest Science","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78461088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to: Productivity of Clonal <i>Ilex paraguariensis</i> Genotypes in a Semi-Hydroponic System Is Reduced by Shading","authors":"","doi":"10.1093/forsci/fxad015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/forsci/fxad015","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12749,"journal":{"name":"Forest Science","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135034340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictors of Landowners’ Intention to Manage Emerald Ash Borer in Kentucky","authors":"R. Adhikari, N. Poudyal, T. Ochuodho, Rajan Parajuli, Omkar Joshi, Sayeed R. Mehmood, J. Munsell, Gaurav Dhungel, W. Thomas, E. Crocker, Mo Zhou","doi":"10.1093/forsci/fxad008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/forsci/fxad008","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Native ash species in the central hardwood region of the United States have been threatened by infestations of emerald ash borers (EAB), which have caused significant damage to the forests’ ecological and economic value. Because private landowners own most of these forestlands, their knowledge, attitudes, and behavior are important in managing EAB effectively across the landscape. We conducted a mail survey of landowners in Kentucky, where EAB are spreading across the state and causing variable levels of damage depending upon how long they have been established, and assessed whether and how psychosocial and demographic factors help explain the landowner’s behavioral intention to manage EAB on their property. The results of an ordinal logistic regression model, grounded in a modified theory of planned behavior framework, suggested that severity of risk perception, knowledge about management options, importance of economic objectives, and perceived group efficacy were related positively to landowners’ intention to manage EAB. These findings shed light on landowners’ perspective of EAB’s effects and the role of psychosocial factors in their motivation to adopt EAB control options.\u0000 Study Implications: Landowners’ active participation can be critical in managing EAB effectively in privately owned forests. This study found that landowners’ management intentions depended on their perception of EAB risks, knowledge of EAB prevention, and perceived cooperation among landowners. Raising awareness of EAB threats, educating landowners on the control options available, and promoting collaborative approaches to combat EAB at the regional scale can help increase landowners’ participation in EAB management. Taking a collaborative approach is important to address such transboundary problems as EAB infestations because such an approach ensures that relevant agencies will provide landowners with continuous legal, technical, and financial support.","PeriodicalId":12749,"journal":{"name":"Forest Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84880418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the Occurrence of Hollows in Trees in Managed Forest in the Eastern Brazilian Amazon","authors":"Misael Freitas dos Santos, Afonso Figueiredo Filho, J. Gama, Fabiane Aparecida de Sousa Retslaff, Daniele Lima da Costa","doi":"10.1093/forsci/fxad007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/forsci/fxad007","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This study proposed to generate information related to the abundance and the structural characteristics of hollows at the tree and species levels in an area of managed forest in the Amazon. A database was used that was composed of 29,899 trees from thirty-eight species that were inventoried, harvested, and measured in ten annual production units that were managed between 2008 and 2017 in the Tapajós National Forest, state of Pará, Brazil. The data was tabulated and reported in absolute and percentage values. Contingency tables were created to identify patterns of occurrence of hollows in commercial stems. A total of 24% of the harvested trees had hollows in at least one section of the commercial stem, and species had different propensities for hollow occurrence. It was found that the larger the tree diameter the greater the possibility for occurrence of hollows, and these hollows were proportionally larger. Most of the hollows in harvested trees were small. Patterns of occurrence in commercial stem hollows were observed, and these were dependent on tree species and size. Most trees had hollows distributed along the entire stem or only at the base of the stem.\u0000 Study Implications: The presence of hollows in managed native forest trees in the Amazon depends on the species, and trees with larger diameters have a greater probability of having hollows. Furthermore, trees with larger diameters have hollows that have larger diameters, lengths, and volumes. Commercial trees have different patterns of hollows along the stem, and these patterns are dependent on tree species and size. The results of this study will contribute to management of trees with hollows in the Amazon Forest as well as to serve as a base for future studies related to this theme.","PeriodicalId":12749,"journal":{"name":"Forest Science","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89794960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Building Ecosystem Resilience and Adaptive Capacity: a Systematic Review of Aspen Ecology and Management in the Southwest","authors":"Connor D. Crouch, P. Rogers, M. M. Moore, K. Waring","doi":"10.1093/forsci/fxad004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/forsci/fxad004","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Quaking aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) has high conservation value on the southwestern edge of its range, which extends from the southwestern United States (i.e., Arizona, New Mexico, and Texas) to central Mexico. This value is driven by aspen’s ecological importance, positive impact on local economies, and aesthetic and cultural values. Generally, the scant aspen populations that remain in the Southwest lack resilience and adaptive capacity, and managers are unsure how best to maintain the species in an uncertain future. This systematic review seeks to address that need by reviewing existing literature from the Southwest on which biotic and abiotic factors influence aspen forest dynamics and by synthesizing that literature with a discussion of how management can promote aspen ecosystem resilience and adaptive capacity. We found that fire and silvicultural treatments promote aspen regeneration, but chronic ungulate browse inhibits recruitment. Moreover, drought is a driver of overstory mortality and has a negative influence on recruitment. In the second half of this review, we propose three management objectives for increasing aspen resilience and adaptive capacity: (1) promote diversity in age structure, (2) mitigate ungulate impacts, and (3) enhance complexity. We consider how various management strategies could meet these objectives and highlight potential threats to aspen forest health and resilience.","PeriodicalId":12749,"journal":{"name":"Forest Science","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87149844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"USDA Forest Service Timber Products Output Survey Item Nonresponse Analysis","authors":"M. Markowski-Lindsay, C. Brandeis, B. Butler","doi":"10.1093/forsci/fxad003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/forsci/fxad003","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The Timber Products Output (TPO) survey is used to determine industrial uses of roundwood, reporting on volumes of roundwood received and residues generated by the primary forest industry by tree species and counties of harvest. This knowledge aids stakeholders in making informed decisions about available forest resources and/or harvest intensity. The widespread use of TPO estimates makes it important to understand the scale and scope of missing data in the survey. This first attempt analyzed respondent-level and question-level nonresponse (RLNR and QLNR, respectively) for Northern and Southern TPO regions, comparing response to mill profile questions (those providing general business information) to those related to mill activity (that related to wood processing information). The RLNR differed between regions, by question grouping, survey mode, and mill volume. The QLNR results for selected mill activity questions indicate that the Southern region generally has lower nonresponse than the Northern region. Parametric analysis of RLNR indicated survey mode was significant for both question groups in the Northern region whereas mill type was significant for mill activity questions in the Southern region. The QLNR parametric analysis indicated self-administered surveys in the Northern region were associated with higher nonresponse, and surveys completed by sawmills in the Southern region were associated with lower nonresponse.\u0000 Study Implications: Analysis of survey item nonresponse in the national Timber Products Output survey provides analytic background needed to assess the accuracy and completeness of the survey data. Population estimates from the data are used to monitor roundwood production and make informed decisions about forest resources. Responses varied across specific questions, and regional differences appeared to be related to survey mode. Current survey design could be improved to allow for analysis of all survey questions and assessment of the quality of responses. For nonresponse adjustment methods to be comparable across regions, factors causing observed regional difference should first be addressed.","PeriodicalId":12749,"journal":{"name":"Forest Science","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84197922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Woodboring Beetle (Buprestidae, Cerambycidae) Responses to Hurricane Michael in Variously Damaged Southeastern US Pine Plantations","authors":"Chelsea N. Miller, B. Barnes, Sarah Kinz, Seth C. Spinner, J. Vogt, E. McCarty, K. Gandhi","doi":"10.1093/forsci/fxac058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/forsci/fxac058","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In October 2018, catastrophic Hurricane Michael caused $1.7 billion in damage to standing timber in Florida, USA. To inform recovery efforts, varying levels of damaged (low, moderate, and high) slash pine (Pinus elliottii Engelm) stands were sampled for woodboring beetles (Coleoptera: Buprestidae; Cerambycidae). These beetles generally colonize stressed and damaged trees, and their larval tunneling activities reduce the value of timber salvaged post disturbance. From 2019 to 2020, 3,810 adults of 32 species were trapped. Acanthocinus obsoletus Olivier and Monochamus sp. complex (M. titillator Fabricius; M. carolinensis Olivier) comprised 86% of all catches. Approximately 50% and 60% more woodborers, especially Monochamus sp., were trapped in moderate-damage stands in 2019 than in high- and low-damage stands, respectively. This trend was not present in 2020. From 2019 to 2020, total catches increased by ~29%, reflected by increases in Monochamus sp. and Xylotrechus sagittatus Germar. In 2019, high-damage stands had the greatest species richness, followed by low- and moderate-damage stands. Species composition in 2019 did not differ among variously damaged stands, but was more heterogeneous in low-damage than high-damage stands in 2020. Results indicate that timely salvage harvesting of moderate- and high-damage stands after catastrophic wind disturbances may lower the economic impacts by subcortical woodboring beetles.","PeriodicalId":12749,"journal":{"name":"Forest Science","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85770471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}