Forest Science最新文献

{"title":"Genetic Parameter Estimates from a Polymix Breeding Population of Pinus taeda L.","authors":"M. Alan, K. Payn, S. McKeand, F. Isik","doi":"10.1093/forsci/fxad006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/forsci/fxad006","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Estimation of genetic parameters from progeny testing is essential for many important decisions in forest tree breeding. In this study, we estimated heritabilities, trait-trait genetic correlations, and genotype by environment (GxE) interactions using a large multi-environmental data set of Pinus taeda L. in the southern United States. In the study, 284 parents were pollinated with a pollen mix and were field tested in four different test series. A total of twenty tests (two to seven tests per series) were established using randomized complete block design with single tree plots. Half-sib family-mean heritability estimates within individual test series varied considerably for all the traits. Pooled estimates of half-sib family-mean heritability estimates across series were 0.81 for fusiform rust incidence; they were relatively lower for tree height (0.68), diameter at breast height (DBH; 0.66), and stem straightness (0.58). Genetic correlations between pairs of traits were low except for height and diameter, which had a high genetic correlation (0.79). Additive genetic correlations between pairs of sites within test series (as a measure of GxE) varied. The pooled estimates ranged between 0.65 (DBH) to 0.80 (fusiform rust). The results suggest that polymix mating is efficient for parental selection in Pinus taeda L. and for deployment in the seed orchards.\u0000 Study Implications: This study focused on genetic variation in the Piedmont breeding population of Pinus taeda L. in the United States. The Piedmont population was developed for more inland and colder regions of the species. Fusiform rust disease incidence of pine species of southeastern United States is a major threat to pine plantations. Understanding the level of genetic control on disease outcome is vital to develop sound breeding strategies and recommend deployment practices to mitigate the economic loss of landowners. The results provide valuable information to breeders to select disease-resistant genotypes to breed and put into seed orchards to mass-produce stock for planting.","PeriodicalId":12749,"journal":{"name":"Forest Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78461088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to: Productivity of Clonal <i>Ilex paraguariensis</i> Genotypes in a Semi-Hydroponic System Is Reduced by Shading","authors":"","doi":"10.1093/forsci/fxad015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/forsci/fxad015","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12749,"journal":{"name":"Forest Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135034340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictors of Landowners’ Intention to Manage Emerald Ash Borer in Kentucky","authors":"R. Adhikari, N. Poudyal, T. Ochuodho, Rajan Parajuli, Omkar Joshi, Sayeed R. Mehmood, J. Munsell, Gaurav Dhungel, W. Thomas, E. Crocker, Mo Zhou","doi":"10.1093/forsci/fxad008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/forsci/fxad008","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Native ash species in the central hardwood region of the United States have been threatened by infestations of emerald ash borers (EAB), which have caused significant damage to the forests’ ecological and economic value. Because private landowners own most of these forestlands, their knowledge, attitudes, and behavior are important in managing EAB effectively across the landscape. We conducted a mail survey of landowners in Kentucky, where EAB are spreading across the state and causing variable levels of damage depending upon how long they have been established, and assessed whether and how psychosocial and demographic factors help explain the landowner’s behavioral intention to manage EAB on their property. The results of an ordinal logistic regression model, grounded in a modified theory of planned behavior framework, suggested that severity of risk perception, knowledge about management options, importance of economic objectives, and perceived group efficacy were related positively to landowners’ intention to manage EAB. These findings shed light on landowners’ perspective of EAB’s effects and the role of psychosocial factors in their motivation to adopt EAB control options.\u0000 Study Implications: Landowners’ active participation can be critical in managing EAB effectively in privately owned forests. This study found that landowners’ management intentions depended on their perception of EAB risks, knowledge of EAB prevention, and perceived cooperation among landowners. Raising awareness of EAB threats, educating landowners on the control options available, and promoting collaborative approaches to combat EAB at the regional scale can help increase landowners’ participation in EAB management. Taking a collaborative approach is important to address such transboundary problems as EAB infestations because such an approach ensures that relevant agencies will provide landowners with continuous legal, technical, and financial support.","PeriodicalId":12749,"journal":{"name":"Forest Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84880418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the Occurrence of Hollows in Trees in Managed Forest in the Eastern Brazilian Amazon","authors":"Misael Freitas dos Santos, Afonso Figueiredo Filho, J. Gama, Fabiane Aparecida de Sousa Retslaff, Daniele Lima da Costa","doi":"10.1093/forsci/fxad007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/forsci/fxad007","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This study proposed to generate information related to the abundance and the structural characteristics of hollows at the tree and species levels in an area of managed forest in the Amazon. A database was used that was composed of 29,899 trees from thirty-eight species that were inventoried, harvested, and measured in ten annual production units that were managed between 2008 and 2017 in the Tapajós National Forest, state of Pará, Brazil. The data was tabulated and reported in absolute and percentage values. Contingency tables were created to identify patterns of occurrence of hollows in commercial stems. A total of 24% of the harvested trees had hollows in at least one section of the commercial stem, and species had different propensities for hollow occurrence. It was found that the larger the tree diameter the greater the possibility for occurrence of hollows, and these hollows were proportionally larger. Most of the hollows in harvested trees were small. Patterns of occurrence in commercial stem hollows were observed, and these were dependent on tree species and size. Most trees had hollows distributed along the entire stem or only at the base of the stem.\u0000 Study Implications: The presence of hollows in managed native forest trees in the Amazon depends on the species, and trees with larger diameters have a greater probability of having hollows. Furthermore, trees with larger diameters have hollows that have larger diameters, lengths, and volumes. Commercial trees have different patterns of hollows along the stem, and these patterns are dependent on tree species and size. The results of this study will contribute to management of trees with hollows in the Amazon Forest as well as to serve as a base for future studies related to this theme.","PeriodicalId":12749,"journal":{"name":"Forest Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89794960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Building Ecosystem Resilience and Adaptive Capacity: a Systematic Review of Aspen Ecology and Management in the Southwest","authors":"Connor D. Crouch, P. Rogers, M. M. Moore, K. Waring","doi":"10.1093/forsci/fxad004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/forsci/fxad004","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Quaking aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) has high conservation value on the southwestern edge of its range, which extends from the southwestern United States (i.e., Arizona, New Mexico, and Texas) to central Mexico. This value is driven by aspen’s ecological importance, positive impact on local economies, and aesthetic and cultural values. Generally, the scant aspen populations that remain in the Southwest lack resilience and adaptive capacity, and managers are unsure how best to maintain the species in an uncertain future. This systematic review seeks to address that need by reviewing existing literature from the Southwest on which biotic and abiotic factors influence aspen forest dynamics and by synthesizing that literature with a discussion of how management can promote aspen ecosystem resilience and adaptive capacity. We found that fire and silvicultural treatments promote aspen regeneration, but chronic ungulate browse inhibits recruitment. Moreover, drought is a driver of overstory mortality and has a negative influence on recruitment. In the second half of this review, we propose three management objectives for increasing aspen resilience and adaptive capacity: (1) promote diversity in age structure, (2) mitigate ungulate impacts, and (3) enhance complexity. We consider how various management strategies could meet these objectives and highlight potential threats to aspen forest health and resilience.","PeriodicalId":12749,"journal":{"name":"Forest Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87149844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"USDA Forest Service Timber Products Output Survey Item Nonresponse Analysis","authors":"M. Markowski-Lindsay, C. Brandeis, B. Butler","doi":"10.1093/forsci/fxad003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/forsci/fxad003","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The Timber Products Output (TPO) survey is used to determine industrial uses of roundwood, reporting on volumes of roundwood received and residues generated by the primary forest industry by tree species and counties of harvest. This knowledge aids stakeholders in making informed decisions about available forest resources and/or harvest intensity. The widespread use of TPO estimates makes it important to understand the scale and scope of missing data in the survey. This first attempt analyzed respondent-level and question-level nonresponse (RLNR and QLNR, respectively) for Northern and Southern TPO regions, comparing response to mill profile questions (those providing general business information) to those related to mill activity (that related to wood processing information). The RLNR differed between regions, by question grouping, survey mode, and mill volume. The QLNR results for selected mill activity questions indicate that the Southern region generally has lower nonresponse than the Northern region. Parametric analysis of RLNR indicated survey mode was significant for both question groups in the Northern region whereas mill type was significant for mill activity questions in the Southern region. The QLNR parametric analysis indicated self-administered surveys in the Northern region were associated with higher nonresponse, and surveys completed by sawmills in the Southern region were associated with lower nonresponse.\u0000 Study Implications: Analysis of survey item nonresponse in the national Timber Products Output survey provides analytic background needed to assess the accuracy and completeness of the survey data. Population estimates from the data are used to monitor roundwood production and make informed decisions about forest resources. Responses varied across specific questions, and regional differences appeared to be related to survey mode. Current survey design could be improved to allow for analysis of all survey questions and assessment of the quality of responses. For nonresponse adjustment methods to be comparable across regions, factors causing observed regional difference should first be addressed.","PeriodicalId":12749,"journal":{"name":"Forest Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84197922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Woodboring Beetle (Buprestidae, Cerambycidae) Responses to Hurricane Michael in Variously Damaged Southeastern US Pine Plantations","authors":"Chelsea N. Miller, B. Barnes, Sarah Kinz, Seth C. Spinner, J. Vogt, E. McCarty, K. Gandhi","doi":"10.1093/forsci/fxac058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/forsci/fxac058","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In October 2018, catastrophic Hurricane Michael caused $1.7 billion in damage to standing timber in Florida, USA. To inform recovery efforts, varying levels of damaged (low, moderate, and high) slash pine (Pinus elliottii Engelm) stands were sampled for woodboring beetles (Coleoptera: Buprestidae; Cerambycidae). These beetles generally colonize stressed and damaged trees, and their larval tunneling activities reduce the value of timber salvaged post disturbance. From 2019 to 2020, 3,810 adults of 32 species were trapped. Acanthocinus obsoletus Olivier and Monochamus sp. complex (M. titillator Fabricius; M. carolinensis Olivier) comprised 86% of all catches. Approximately 50% and 60% more woodborers, especially Monochamus sp., were trapped in moderate-damage stands in 2019 than in high- and low-damage stands, respectively. This trend was not present in 2020. From 2019 to 2020, total catches increased by ~29%, reflected by increases in Monochamus sp. and Xylotrechus sagittatus Germar. In 2019, high-damage stands had the greatest species richness, followed by low- and moderate-damage stands. Species composition in 2019 did not differ among variously damaged stands, but was more heterogeneous in low-damage than high-damage stands in 2020. Results indicate that timely salvage harvesting of moderate- and high-damage stands after catastrophic wind disturbances may lower the economic impacts by subcortical woodboring beetles.","PeriodicalId":12749,"journal":{"name":"Forest Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85770471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Soil Carbon Dioxide Emission along a Permafrost Hillslope in Larix gmelinii Forest in China","authors":"Yuyang Luo, Shangyuan Li, Ying-Rui Ma, Fanxu Meng, Bolin Wang, Xu Wang, Shusen Wang","doi":"10.1093/forsci/fxad001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/forsci/fxad001","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Quantification of regional soil carbon changes in boreal forests in China is difficult for high spatial heterogeneity, especially considering soil CH4 fluxes in permafrost regions. This study attempted to quantify the variation of soil CO2 emission and its relationship with other soil properties along a permafrost hillslope in Larix gmelinii Kuzen. forest. Using a closed-chamber method, the soil CO2 emission was measured at four slope positions in the Greater Xing’an Range of China in two growing seasons. The results showed that soil CO2 changes have high spatial variability in Larix gmelinii forest along the slope, and average soil CO2 emission at the upper part of the slope was 64% higher than at the bottom. Soil CO2 fluxes showed high positive correlation with soil temperature at 10 cm depth and fungi numbers and negative correlation with soil CH4 change. This study showed the complexity of CO2 emission and could provide data support for forest carbon measurement caused by hillslope in the boreal forest of China.\u0000 Study Implications: The forest area of Larix gmelinii Kuzen. in the Greater Xing’an Range accounts for 13.2% of the total forest area China. Therefore, the accurate calculation of carbon sequestration of Larix gmelinii forest is significant to the forest carbon measurement of China. However, due to the topographical complexity of the Greater Xing’an Range, the measurement of soil carbon has always been a problem. This study explored the soil carbon dioxide emissions at different slope positions along a hillslope and provided some methods and data support to solve measurement problems caused by hillslope in boreal forest in China.","PeriodicalId":12749,"journal":{"name":"Forest Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72448929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance Based on Measurements from Individual-Tree Progeny Tests Strongly Predicts Early Stand Yield in Loblolly Pine","authors":"Mohammad Nasir Shalizi, Trevor D. Walker, Austin J. Heine, K. Payn, F. Isik, B. Bullock, S. McKeand","doi":"10.1093/forsci/fxad002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/forsci/fxad002","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 To facilitate the utility of genetic improvement in loblolly pine, individual-tree volume (productivity) scores estimated from single-tree plot or row-plot progeny test designs were compared with stand-level volume per unit area from block plots. A large number of families representing a wide range of progeny test scores for volume were established in growth and yield trials to generalize the results to families created by the breeding program. Individual-tree volume scores from progeny tests strongly corresponded with stand-level volume from block plots, especially after accounting for site quality and the risk of fusiform rust disease. A ten-point increase in the volume score from progeny test data was estimated to increase stand-level volume by 3.9 m3 ha-1 at age 6 years. A prediction model is presented that includes a new statistic, rust risk index, which is the expected rust incidence for a family at a new site when the hazard of rust for a checklot can be estimated from historical data. The study results through age 6 years corroborate the Performance Rating System as effective in guiding family deployment decisions. The models presented are based on pre-crown closure data at 6 years and will be updated with older measurements as the study matures.\u0000 Study Implications: The Performance Rating System (PRS™) has been a successful tool for presenting genetic merit of improved loblolly pine families for landowners and forest managers in a more coherent and standardized manner. This system can be easily applied in other forest tree improvement programs, because it makes genetic improvement user-friendly for silviculturists and forest managers. Landowners can use this system to make decisions for selecting improved families suited to their specific forest management objectives. Seed orchard and nursery managers also depend on the PRS to choose the families to produce and as a third-party verification to market their genetic merit to customers. This study demonstrates that higher stand-level volume per unit area can be achieved when forest managers plant fast growing families with low fusiform rust disease risk on productive sites. The combined effect of genetic improvement for productivity and fusiform rust disease resistance is significant on stand-level volume per unit area.","PeriodicalId":12749,"journal":{"name":"Forest Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76789354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Decision Trees Method to Support the Choice of Economic Evaluation Procedure: The Case of Protection Forests","authors":"S. Bruzzese, Simone Blanc, Filippo Brun","doi":"10.1093/forsci/fxac062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/forsci/fxac062","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The adoption of nature-based solutions, such as forests, is playing an increasingly important role in risk analysis and related decision-making. However, decision-makers struggle to put a value on the services provided by these solutions, as there is no reference market, and are thus faced with several challenges, which relate to the choice of the best forest management program or the interventions needed to make a forest resistant and resilient to the expected negative impacts of ongoing climate change. In this article, we started with an exploratory analysis to identify the key factors in the choice of an economic method to build predictive models to support the choice in an evaluation of the forest protection service against natural hazards. The exploratory analysis showed that non-demand-based methods have a good degree of replicability and reliability and are cheaper, whereas stated preference methods can estimate the intangible component. Concerning predictive models, almost all methods showed a high level of correct classification (95%), apart from the avoided damages method (90%) and, more generally, there is no method that is valid for all operational contexts but rather the choice changes depend on the demands made by the stakeholders and their availability in economic, human, and technological terms. In conclusion, it should be remembered that the methodological framework chosen should not be seen as a substitute for the human ability to analyze complex situations but rather as an aid to this process.\u0000 Study Implications: The adoption of decision support systems and methodological frameworks and guidelines can help decision-makers to make the most effective and efficient choices, in terms of time needed, resources used, and intervention costs. The combination of this decision support system with other tools, such as frameworks and guidelines, provides a flexible support system aimed at improving the design and implementation of future ecosystem service assessments and management as well as related decision-making.","PeriodicalId":12749,"journal":{"name":"Forest Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86056771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}