Evaluation of the Occurrence of Hollows in Trees in Managed Forest in the Eastern Brazilian Amazon

IF 1.5 4区 农林科学 Q2 FORESTRY
Misael Freitas dos Santos, Afonso Figueiredo Filho, J. Gama, Fabiane Aparecida de Sousa Retslaff, Daniele Lima da Costa
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Abstract

This study proposed to generate information related to the abundance and the structural characteristics of hollows at the tree and species levels in an area of managed forest in the Amazon. A database was used that was composed of 29,899 trees from thirty-eight species that were inventoried, harvested, and measured in ten annual production units that were managed between 2008 and 2017 in the Tapajós National Forest, state of Pará, Brazil. The data was tabulated and reported in absolute and percentage values. Contingency tables were created to identify patterns of occurrence of hollows in commercial stems. A total of 24% of the harvested trees had hollows in at least one section of the commercial stem, and species had different propensities for hollow occurrence. It was found that the larger the tree diameter the greater the possibility for occurrence of hollows, and these hollows were proportionally larger. Most of the hollows in harvested trees were small. Patterns of occurrence in commercial stem hollows were observed, and these were dependent on tree species and size. Most trees had hollows distributed along the entire stem or only at the base of the stem. Study Implications: The presence of hollows in managed native forest trees in the Amazon depends on the species, and trees with larger diameters have a greater probability of having hollows. Furthermore, trees with larger diameters have hollows that have larger diameters, lengths, and volumes. Commercial trees have different patterns of hollows along the stem, and these patterns are dependent on tree species and size. The results of this study will contribute to management of trees with hollows in the Amazon Forest as well as to serve as a base for future studies related to this theme.
巴西东部亚马逊地区人工林树木空心现象的评价
本研究提出在亚马逊地区的管理森林中产生与树和物种水平上的空洞丰度和结构特征相关的信息。使用了一个数据库,该数据库由来自38个物种的29,899棵树组成,这些树在2008年至2017年期间在巴西帕尔州Tapajós国家森林的10个年度生产单位中进行了清点、采伐和测量。数据以绝对和百分比值制成表格并报告。创建了列联表,以确定商业茎中空洞的发生模式。共有24%的采伐树木在至少一段商业茎上有空心,并且物种有不同的空心发生倾向。研究发现,树径越大,出现空心的可能性越大,且空心的比例越大。在收获的树木中,大多数空心都很小。观察了商业茎空的发生模式,这些依赖于树种和大小。大多数树木的空洞分布在整个茎上或只分布在茎的基部。研究启示:亚马逊地区经管理的原生森林树木中是否存在空心取决于物种,直径较大的树木更有可能出现空心。此外,直径较大的树的空洞直径、长度和体积都较大。商品树沿着树干有不同的空心图案,这些图案取决于树种和大小。本研究的结果将有助于亚马逊森林中空心树的管理,并为今后与该主题相关的研究奠定基础。
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来源期刊
Forest Science
Forest Science 农林科学-林学
CiteScore
2.80
自引率
7.10%
发文量
45
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: Forest Science is a peer-reviewed journal publishing fundamental and applied research that explores all aspects of natural and social sciences as they apply to the function and management of the forested ecosystems of the world. Topics include silviculture, forest management, biometrics, economics, entomology & pathology, fire & fuels management, forest ecology, genetics & tree improvement, geospatial technologies, harvesting & utilization, landscape ecology, operations research, forest policy, physiology, recreation, social sciences, soils & hydrology, and wildlife management. Forest Science is published bimonthly in February, April, June, August, October, and December.
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