Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology最新文献

{"title":"Morphological characteristics of the foveal avascular zone in pathological myopia and its relationship with macular structure and microcirculation","authors":"","doi":"10.1007/s00417-024-06403-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00417-024-06403-2","url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Abstract</h3> <span> <h3>Purpose</h3> <p>To explore the characteristics of macular structure, microcirculation, and foveal avascular zone (FAZ) morphology in pathological myopia and to research the associations between these factors and pathological myopia.</p> </span> <span> <h3>Methods</h3> <p>This is a cross-sectional study. The study included 103 eyes with non-high myopia and 206 eyes with high myopia (139 with simple high myopia and 67 with pathological myopia). Macular structural and microcirculation parameters were determined using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). The FAZ morphological parameters were measured manually using Image J software. Correlations between pathological myopia and various factors were analyzed.</p> </span> <span> <h3>Results</h3> <p>Patients with pathological myopia had a thinner retinal thickness (RT) and choroidal thickness (CT) and a lower retinal superficial vascular density (SVD), retinal deep vascular complex density (DVD), choriocapillaris perfusion area (CCPA), and choroidal vascularity index (CVI) (all <em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Patients with pathological myopia had a larger FAZ area, perimeter, major axis, minor axis, acircularity index (AI), and lower circularity index (CI) (all <em>P</em> &lt; 0.01). The axial length (AL), the major axis of the superficial FAZ, CI, and AI were significantly correlated with myopia severity (all <em>P</em> &lt; 0.05).</p> </span> <span> <h3>Conclusions</h3> <p>Patients with pathological myopia exhibited worse macular microcirculation and thinner macular retina and choroid. The FAZ in pathological myopia was larger and more irregular. The AL, CI, and AI were significantly associated with myopia severity. Thus, CI and AI might serve as new indicators for monitoring the progression of myopia. Further investigations should be performed.</p> </span> <span> <h3>Trial registration</h3> <p>Clinical Trials.gov Identifier: ChiCTR2100046590<span> <span> <img alt=\"\" src=\"https://static-content.springer.com/image/MediaObjects/417_2024_6403_Figa_HTML.png\"/> </span> </span></p> </span>","PeriodicalId":12748,"journal":{"name":"Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139756472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predescemetic femtosecond laser-assisted deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty with simulated pachymetry","authors":"David Diaz-Valle, Barbara Burgos-Blasco, Mayte Ariño-Gutierrez, Jose Antonio Gegundez-Fernandez","doi":"10.1007/s00417-024-06370-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00417-024-06370-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12748,"journal":{"name":"Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139461939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Flare levels after intravitreal injection of brolucizumab for diabetic macular edema","authors":"Yushi Ichihashi, Yoshihiro Takamura, Takao Hirano, Masahiko Shimura, Keisuke Yoneda, Keiichiro Konno, Yutaka Yamada, Masakazu Morioka, Makoto Gozawa, Takehiro Matsumura, Masaru Inatani","doi":"10.1007/s00417-024-06374-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00417-024-06374-4","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Purpose</h3><p>This study aimed to evaluate anterior flare intensity (AFI) after intravitreal injection of brolucizumab (IVBr) in patients with diabetic macular edema (DME), and to identify the factors associated with the change of AFI after IVBr.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>This prospective multicenter study was conducted at five sites in Japan for patients with DME who underwent a single IVBr. AFI and central retinal thickness (CRT) were measured using a laser flare meter and spectral-domain optical coherence tomography, respectively, at weeks 0 and 6.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>Sixty-five patients (phakia, 37 eyes; pseudophakia, 28 eyes) were enrolled. Six weeks after IVBr, CRT and best-corrected visual acuity significantly improved (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001). AFI (<i>p</i> = 0.0003) and age (<i>p</i> = 0.0054) were significantly higher in patients with pseudophakic eyes than those with phakic eyes. The AFI of the phakic eyes decreased after IVBr (<i>p</i> = 0.043). As the AFI before injection is higher (<i>p</i> = 0.0363) and the age is lower (<i>p</i> = 0.0016), the AFI decreases after IVBr. There was a significant positive correlation between the rates of change in CRT and AFI (<i>p</i> = 0.024).</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusion</h3><p>After IVBr, AFI decreases in phakic eyes but not in pseudophakic eyes. The age, AFI and CRT before injection and changes of CRT are involved in the change in AFI after IVBr.</p>","PeriodicalId":12748,"journal":{"name":"Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139462030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accuracy of intraocular lens power formulas in eyes with keratoconus: Multi-center study in Japan","authors":"Tomohiro Yokogawa, Yosai Mori, Hidemasa Torii, So Goto, Yumi Hasegawa, Takashi Kojima, Kazutaka Kamiya, Takuya Shiba, Kazunori Miyata","doi":"10.1007/s00417-024-06371-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00417-024-06371-7","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Purpose</h3><p>To assess the accuracy of intraocular lens (IOL) power formulas, namely, SRK/T, Haigis, Barrett Universal II, Barrett True-K for keratoconus, Kane formula, and Kane formula for keratoconus, for cataract with keratoconus in Japanese eyes.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Setting</h3><p>Five surgical sites in Japan.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Design</h3><p>A retrospective case series.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>Eyes with keratoconus undergoing cataract surgery were included. Postoperative refraction was compared with the prediction by the formulas. Visual acuity, manifest spherical equivalent, prediction error (PE), and mean absolute errors (MAEs) were determined 1 month postoperatively. The PE within 0.50 diopter (D), 1.00 D, and 2.00 D were compared between IOL formulas. Subgroup analysis based on the steepest keratometry (stage 1, ≤ 48 D; stage 2, &gt; 48 D and ≤ 53 D; and stage 3, &gt; 53 D) was performed. The relationship between PE and preoperative biometric data were assessed.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>Fifty eyes were included. The MAE of the Barrett True-K for keratoconus, Kane keratoconus, and Kane formulas were significantly lower than that of Haigis. A statistically significant difference in the prediction accuracy within ± 0.50 D was found between Kane keratoconus and Haigis. The prediction accuracy of the Barrett True-K for keratoconus, SRK/T, and Kane within ± 1.00 D was statistically significant compared with that of Haigis. In stage 3, the Barrett True-K for keratoconus had a significantly lower MAE than SRK/T and Haigis.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusion</h3><p>Keratoconus-specific formulas were more accurate than existing formulas in Japanese eyes. The Barrett True-K formula for keratoconus had higher prediction accuracy in severe keratoconus.</p>","PeriodicalId":12748,"journal":{"name":"Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139462168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vitreomacular interface abnormalities in type 2 macular telangiectasia (MacTel)","authors":"","doi":"10.1007/s00417-023-06330-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00417-023-06330-8","url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Abstract</h3> <span> <h3>Purpose</h3> <p>To describe the different types of vitreomacular interface abnormalities (VMIA) seen on optical coherence tomography (OCT) in type 2 macular telangiectasia (MacTel) and explain the possible reasons for its development.</p> </span> <span> <h3>Methods</h3> <p>In this retrospective cross-sectional study, type 2 MacTel eyes with macular volumetric OCT imaging protocol were included to identify different types of VMIA such as abnormal PVD, vitreomacular traction (VMT), ERM, and lamellar and full-thickness macular hole. The VMIA findings were then correlated with different MacTel disease stages and visual acuity.</p> </span> <span> <h3>Results</h3> <p>One thousand forty-three OCTs of 332 type 2 MacTel eyes from 169 patients at different visits were examined. VMIA was detected in 709 (68%) of those OCT scans in 216 (65%) eyes. There were 273 (39%), 31 (4%), 89 (13%), 7 (1%), and 381 (54%) OCT scans with vitreomacular adhesion, VMT, ERM, and inner and outer lamellar macular holes discovered respectively. VMIA eyes had a high frequency of abnormal PVD (<em>p</em> = 0.001) and retinal pigment clumps (RPCs) [<em>p</em> = 0.032]. Eyes with abnormal PVD (<em>p</em> = 0.034) and RPC (<em>p</em> = 0.000) had a higher rate of ERM development. RPC was linked to an increased risk of developing ERM (odd ratio 2.472; 95% CI 1.488–4.052). RPC and ERM contributed significantly to poor visual acuity (0.661 ± 0.416, 20/92).</p> </span> <span> <h3>Conclusion</h3> <p>OCT reveals a high frequency of VMIA in advanced type 2 MacTel eyes. RPC could be responsible for the development of anomalous PVD, as well as subsequent VMIAs and ERM. Additional work is required to examine the long-term changes and surgical outcomes of these eyes.</p> <p> <span> <span> <img alt=\"\" src=\"https://static-content.springer.com/image/MediaObjects/417_2023_6330_Figa_HTML.png\"/> </span> </span></p> </span>","PeriodicalId":12748,"journal":{"name":"Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138715942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of axial length on the short-term outcomes of cataract surgery combined with ab interno trabeculotomy","authors":"Hiroki Goto, Megumi Honjo, Takashi Omoto, Makoto Aihara","doi":"10.1007/s00417-023-06337-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00417-023-06337-1","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Purpose</h3><p>Minimally invasive glaucoma surgery is safer and effective surgical modality for patients with glaucoma. To compare the effect of axial length (AL) on the surgical outcomes of combined cataract surgery and ab interno trabeculotomy (phaco-LOT), a retrospective, non-randomized comparative study was performed.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>In total, 458 eyes of 458 open-angle glaucoma patients who underwent phaco-LOT and were followed-up without any intervention for at least 6 months were enrolled. All were divided into a long-AL group (AL ≥ 26.0 mm, 123 eyes) and a not-long-AL group (AL &lt; 26.0 mm, 335 eyes). The principal outcomes were the changes in intraocular pressure (IOP) and medication scores. We also sought a correlation between postoperative IOP spike and hyphema.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>Significant postoperative reductions in IOP and medication scores were apparent in all subjects. The IOP reductions were significant at all timepoints in the not-long-AL group, but not until 1 month postoperatively in the long-AL group, and the IOP change was significantly lower in the long-AL group from postoperative day 1 to 3 months. On subanalysis of subjects by age, the microhook used, the pre-operative IOP, and the medication score, a significantly higher incidence of IOP spike was observed in the long-AL group in weeks 1 and 2 (both <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05), but this did not correlate with hyphema status, implying that a different mechanism was in play.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusion</h3><p>Phaco-LOT was effective regardless of AL, but the postoperative IOP decrease was lower and the early postoperative incidence of IOP spike was higher in long-AL eyes.</p>","PeriodicalId":12748,"journal":{"name":"Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138688215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Clinical features and associated factors of intraocular inflammation following intravitreal brolucizumab as switching therapy for neovascular age‑related macular degeneration","authors":"Rei Sotani, Wataru Matsumiya, Kyung Woo Kim, Akiko Miki, Eriko Yasuda, Yoshifumi Maeda, Rumiko Hara, Sentaro Kusuhara, Makoto Nakamura","doi":"10.1007/s00417-023-06339-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00417-023-06339-z","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12748,"journal":{"name":"Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology","volume":"69 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138688619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accuracy of intraoperative aberrometry versus modern preoperative methods in post-myopic laser vision correction eyes undergoing cataract surgery with capsular tension ring placement","authors":"Allison J. Chen, Christopher P. Long, Tianlun Lu, Kevin J. Garff, Christopher W. Heichel","doi":"10.1007/s00417-023-06327-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00417-023-06327-3","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Purpose</h3><p>To assess the accuracy of intraoperative wavefront aberrometry (IWA) versus modern intraocular lens formulas in post-myopic laser vision correction (LVC) patients undergoing cataract surgery with capsular tension ring placement.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>This is a retrospective chart review conducted at an academic outpatient center. All post-myopic LVC eyes undergoing cataract surgery with IWA from a single surgeon from 05/2017 to 12/2019 were included. All patients received a capsular tension ring (CTR). Mean numerical error (MNE), median numerical error (MedNE), and percentages of prediction error within 0.50D, 0.75D, and 1.00D were calculated for the above formulas.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>Twenty-seven post-myopic LVC eyes from 18 patients were included. In post-myopic LVC, MNE with Optiwave Refractive Analysis (ORA), Barrett True K (BTK), Haigis, Haigis-L, Shammas, SRK/T, Hill-RBF v3.0, and W-K AL-adjusted Holladay 1 were + 0.224, − 0.094, + 0.193, − 0.231, − 0.372, + 1.013, + 0.860, and + 0.630 (<i>F</i> = 8.49, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). MedNE were + 0.125, − 0.145, + 0.175, + 0.333, + 0.333, + 1.100, + 0.880, and + 0.765 (<i>F</i> = 7.89, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), respectively. BTK provided improved accuracy in both MNE (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) and MedNE (<i>p</i> = .033) when compared to ORA in pairwise analysis. If the ORA vs. BTK-suggested IOL power were routinely selected, 30% and 15% of eyes would have projected hyperopic outcomes, respectively (<i>p</i> = 0.09).</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>Our study suggests that in post-myopic LVC eyes undergoing cataract surgery with CTRs, BTK performed more accurately than ORA with regard to accuracy and yielded a lower percentage of eyes with hyperopic outcomes. Haigis, Haigis-L, and Shammas yielded similar results to ORA with regard to accuracy and percentage of eyes with hyperopic outcomes. On average, Shammas and Haigis-L suggested IOLs that would yield outcomes more myopic than expected when compared to BTK.</p>\u0000","PeriodicalId":12748,"journal":{"name":"Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology","volume":"67 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138681631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of risk factors for OBL in FS-LASIK and SMILE correction for myopia and myopia astigmatism","authors":"Zichen Wang, Mingrui Li, Haixia Ji, Hui Chen, Aimin Sang, Xinliang Cheng, Jun Li, Ying Yu","doi":"10.1007/s00417-023-06336-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00417-023-06336-2","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Background</h3><p>To find out the incidence and risk factors of opaque bubble layer (OBL) in eyes with myopia and myopic astigmatism following femtosecond laser–assisted in situ keratomileusis (FS-LASIK) and small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE).</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>A total of 1076 eyes from 569 patients who had FS-LASIK or SMILE were included in the retrospective research. For each kind of surgery, eyes were separated into two groups: \"OBL\" groups and \"no OBL\" groups. In the FS-LASIK group, eyes that developed OBL were split into \"hard OBL\" and \"soft OBL\" groups. The incidence and size of OBL were analyzed after watching the surgical procedure videotaped during the operation and taking screenshots. Surgical parameters, including sphere, cylinder, keratometry, corneal thickness, flap thickness, cap thickness, lenticule thickness, and visual acuity, were compared.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>In the FS-LASIK surgery, the incidence of OBL was 63.2% (347 eyes). A thicker central corneal thickness (CCT) was the only independent risk factor affecting the OBL area (β = 0.126, <i>P</i> = 0.019). One hundred and thirty of these eyes had hard OBL, and the flap thickness of these eyes was thinner than that of those with soft OBL (<i>P</i> = 0.027). In the SMILE group, 26.6% (140 eyes) developed OBL. A higher flat keratometry (K) and a thicker residual stromal thickness (RST) were risk factors affecting the OBL area (β = 0.195, <i>P</i> = 0.024; β = 0.281, <i>P</i> = 0.001).</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusion</h3><p>The incidence of OBL differs between the FS-LASIK surgery and the SMILE surgery. There are differences in the factors influencing OBL between the two surgeries.</p>","PeriodicalId":12748,"journal":{"name":"Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology","volume":"233 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138580284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Real-world experience with brolucizumab in neovascular age-related macular degeneration over 2 years: the REBA extension study","authors":"Alper Bilgic, Laurent Kodjikian, Francesc March de Ribot, Martin S. Spitzer, Vaishali Vasavada, Jesus Hernan Gonzalez-Cortes, Aditya Sudhalkar, Somnath Chakraborty, Thibaud Mathis","doi":"10.1007/s00417-023-06329-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00417-023-06329-1","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Background</h3><p>To determine long-term efficacy and safety of intravitreal brolucizumab therapy for neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) in the real-world setting.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>Retrospective, observational, multicentric study and an extension of the REBA study (Real-world Experience with Brolucizumab in nAMD) to 24 months. The study entailed follow-up of 91 consecutive eyes (67 patients) with nAMD who received brolucizumab therapy and completed 24 months of follow-up. Both treatment-naïve and switch therapy patients were included. All relevant data were collected. The primary outcome measure was changed in best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) over time. Secondary outcome measures included change in central subfield thickness (CST) and complications.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>The mean (SD) baseline BCVA was 48.4 (3.5) letters and 36.2 (7.1) letters in treatment-naïve group and switch therapy group, respectively. BCVA gain was + 9.2 (3.7) letters (<i>p</i> = 0.01) and + 7.7 (3.4) letters (<i>p</i> = 0.011), respectively. The change in mean (SD) CST has shown a significant decrease in retinal thickness in treatment-naïve group (from 432.5 (68.4) to 283.0 (51.3) µm; <i>p</i> = 0.018) and in switch therapy group (from 452.5 (40.5) to 271.0 (43.4) µm; <i>p</i> = 0.011) group. One switch patient developed vascular occlusion and another a macular hole after the fifth brolucizumab injection as reported in the primary study. Both patients recovered uneventfully. Three patients demonstrated reversible intraocular inflammation between months 10 and 24.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusion</h3><p>Patients showed a significant anatomical and functional response to brolucizumab therapy in the real world, regardless of prior treatment status, until the end of the follow-up period. Overall, 5 significant untoward events were noted.</p>","PeriodicalId":12748,"journal":{"name":"Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138561373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}