GMS Hygiene and Infection Control最新文献

{"title":"Pediatric outpatient parenteral antibiotic therapy: an important option for pediatric hospitals in Germany.","authors":"Jennifer Neubert, Yeliz Akarsu, Rachel Manier, Ulrich von Both, Miriam Stegemann, Arne Simon","doi":"10.3205/dgkh000670","DOIUrl":"10.3205/dgkh000670","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Outpatient parenteral antibiotic therapy (OPAT) has been established for decades in children and adolescents with cystic fibrosis. Today, prolonged intravenous antibiotic treatment is less frequently required due to the increased use of oral sequential therapy with easily absorbable antibiotics. However, when it is needed in special situations, pediatric OPAT (pOPAT) can be a beneficial and safe alternative for various reasons (especially quality of life, limited inpatient resources, treatment costs). This article takes a critical look at the current status of OPAT in children and adolescents in Germany in order to foster the integration of pOPAT into the overall concept of pediatric infectiology.</p>","PeriodicalId":12738,"journal":{"name":"GMS Hygiene and Infection Control","volume":"21 ","pages":"Doc61"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13585033/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148989850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reduced incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) at a tertiary care center due to enhanced compliance with evidence-based bundle care practices through structured training programs for ICU healthcare workers: a pilot study.","authors":"Dasari Spurthy, Chetana Guddadahalli Shankrappa, Syeda Saba Hashmiya, Manisha Mane, Prathyusha Pedapati","doi":"10.3205/dgkh000669","DOIUrl":"10.3205/dgkh000669","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is among the most prevalent hospital-acquired infections in ICU settings, significantly contributing to increased morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. This study aimed to reduce the incidence of VAP by enhancing compliance with evidence-based bundle care practices through structured training programs for ICU healthcare workers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A quasi-experimental, prospective study was conducted in Medical and Respiratory ICUs over six months (October 2024 - March 2025). Phase 1 involved baseline assessment through direct observations and questionnaires, followed by intensive Hospital Infection Prevention and Control (HIPC) training sessions. Phase 2 reinforced the implementation of bundle care protocols with periodic audits and feedback. Data was collected on compliance rates and incidence of VAP.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>VAP incidence was expressed as standardized rates per 1,000 ventilator days. Rates decreased from 10, 16.4 and 16 per 1,000 ventilator-days during the pre-intervention phase, October-December 2024 to 7.4, 5.3, and 4.9 per 1,000 ventilator-days, respectively, during the post-intervention phase January-March 2025, demonstrating sustained improvement following bundle compliance interventions. Survey scores post-intervention averaged 68%, indicating improved knowledge and adherence.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Structured training and consistent reinforcement of VAP bundle practices were associated with improved compliance and a sustained downward trend in VAP incidence. This approach underscores the importance of targeted education and real-time audits in improving infection control practices.</p>","PeriodicalId":12738,"journal":{"name":"GMS Hygiene and Infection Control","volume":"21 ","pages":"Doc60"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13585034/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148989797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The eye as a gateway to the brain: mechanisms of ocular neuroinvasion by parasitic pathogens.","authors":"Sona Bhardwaj, Sweety Kumari, Rijhul Lahariya, Mainak Sinha, Anand Kumar Das, Simmi Kishore, Gargee Anand, Saraj Kumar Singh","doi":"10.3205/dgkh000668","DOIUrl":"10.3205/dgkh000668","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The central nervous system (CNS) is protected by specialized anatomical and immunological barriers that limit pathogen entry; however, several infectious agents have evolved mechanisms to circumvent these defenses. While hematogenous dissemination and peripheral nerve invasion are well-recognized routes of neuroinfection, the eye has received comparatively little attention as a potential gateway to the brain. Owing to its embryological origin from the neuroectoderm, direct anatomical continuity with the CNS through the optic nerve, specialized blood-retinal barrier, and immune-privileged environment, the eye represents a unique neuroimmune interface that may facilitate pathogen persistence and dissemination. Parasitic pathogens, including <i>Toxoplasma (T.) gondii</i>, <i>Acanthamoeba</i> spp., <i>Toxocara</i> spp., <i>Taenia (T.) solium</i>, and <i>Loa (L.) loa</i>, can establish ocular infection and, under certain conditions, contribute to neurological involvement. This review examines the anatomical and immunological features that make the eye a potential neuroinvasive niche and synthesizes current evidence supporting ocular-to-CNS dissemination. Major mechanisms include infected immune-cell trafficking (\"Trojan horse\" transport), inflammation-induced disruption of the blood-retinal barrier, local neuroinflammatory responses, optic nerve-associated spread, and persistence within ocular reservoirs followed by reactivation. Among currently studied parasites, <i>T. gondii</i> provides the strongest evidence for biologically plausible ocular neuroinvasion, whereas helminths and free-living amoebae highlight additional pathways linking ocular and neurological disease. Although direct proof of ocular-to-brain dissemination remains limited for many pathogens, accumulating experimental and clinical observations support the concept that ocular infection may have broader neurological implications. Understanding the eye-brain interface may improve recognition of neuroinvasive disease and reveal novel targets for therapeutic intervention and prevention.</p>","PeriodicalId":12738,"journal":{"name":"GMS Hygiene and Infection Control","volume":"21 ","pages":"Doc59"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13585037/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148989853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response to \"Letter to the editor regarding the Paper 'S2k-Guideline hand antisepsis and hand hygiene'\".","authors":"Axel Kramer, Andreas Enz","doi":"10.3205/dgkh000667","DOIUrl":"10.3205/dgkh000667","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12738,"journal":{"name":"GMS Hygiene and Infection Control","volume":"21 ","pages":"Doc58"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13585035/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148989773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using a basic life support stress-test to assess the influence of ethanol-based hand rubs nitril gloves and of physically demanding clinical tasks on personal protective equipment fit (GLOVDIS-1) - a pilot Manikin study.","authors":"Tobias P Taubner, Michael Bentele, Florian Salm, Dario Zocholl, Benjamin Taubner, Stefan Bushuven, Nico T Mutters","doi":"10.3205/dgkh000666","DOIUrl":"10.3205/dgkh000666","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>Hand hygiene and personal protective equipment (PPE) are essential components for infection control. However, existing data are inconclusive regarding the impact of ethanol-based hand rubs on glove integrity, and evidence is limited on whether individual PPE components maintain adequate fit and usability during physically demanding clinical tasks. This pilot study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of a simulation-based protocol, designed to investigate hygiene- and PPE-related benefits and limitations under realistic emergency conditions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In a prospective observational study, 60 health care workers (HCW) pairwise performed two cycles of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) according to Basic Life Support standards while wearing full personal protective equipment. Participants were double-gloved; outer gloves were disinfected with an ethanol-based hand rub (EBHR), while the inner gloves remained native. Glove integrity was assessed according to DIN EN 455-1, and subjective PPE fit was rated before and after CPR. Feasibility, glove leakage, and changes in PPE fit were analyzed descriptively and exploratorily.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study protocol proved feasible, with no dropouts and successful integrity testing of 478 out of 480 gloves. Glove leakage occurred in 3.8% of gloves, with no significant difference between disinfected and native gloves. Subjective PPE fit remained unchanged for gloves, respirators, and eye protective devices, whereas gown fit deteriorated significantly after CPR.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This pilot study demonstrates the feasibility of a standardized simulation-based Basic Life Support stress test to investigate the influence of glove disinfection with two different EBHRs on PPE performance under simulated emergency conditions. Ethanol-based glove disinfection did not increase glove leakage, whereas gown fit deteriorated during CPR. Larger, adequately powered studies may base on these results to further evaluate PPE performance and inform evidence-based infection prevention strategies in emergency care.</p>","PeriodicalId":12738,"journal":{"name":"GMS Hygiene and Infection Control","volume":"21 ","pages":"Doc57"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13585032/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148989795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictors of chronic arthralgia following chikungunya virus infection.","authors":"Hemali Jha, Mohammad Tauseef Khan, Nida Khan, Shilpi Gupta","doi":"10.3205/dgkh000664","DOIUrl":"10.3205/dgkh000664","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Chikungunya is a viral illness marked by fever and joint pain. While usually self-limiting, up to 43% may develop chronic arthralgia. The objective of this study is to evaluate the frequency and predictors of prolonged joint pain (>90 d) following Chikungunya infection, with limited data available from North India.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A prospective observational study was conducted at a North Indian tertiary care hospital from September 2023 to December 2023 among adults with lab-confirmed Chikungunya. A total of 56 patients were followed up to 4 months to assess joint pain duration and severity. Data were collected through clinical exams and interviews during initial workup and follow up.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All patients had joint pain; 23% reported joint pain lasting for more than 90 days. The ankle was the most commonly affected joint (35.7%), followed by the knee (25%) and metacarpophalangeal joints (21.4%). A comparative correlation between patients of chronic arthralgia and no chronic arthralgia showed significant association with presence of rashes, moderate to severe joint pain and swelling at the disease onset (p value <0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In the present study, moderate to severe joint pain, joint swelling, and skin rashes at disease onset were found to be the predictors of prolonged arthralgia.</p>","PeriodicalId":12738,"journal":{"name":"GMS Hygiene and Infection Control","volume":"21 ","pages":"Doc55"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13585031/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148989827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular identification of toxin-antitoxin system genes and their relationship with biofilm formation among clinical isolates of Escherichia coli obtained from hospitalized and outpatients in educational hospitals in Ahvaz, Iran.","authors":"Arshid Yousefi Avarvand, Morteza Saki, Melika Moradi, Alireza Ekrami, Sousan Akrami","doi":"10.3205/dgkh000665","DOIUrl":"10.3205/dgkh000665","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems are present on the chromosomes and plasmids of many bacteria, including <i>Escherichia coli</i>. The functions of TA systems in bacteria are unclear. The biological roles of TA systems are hypothesized to include growth regulation, persistence, and biofilm development. <i>E. coli</i> biofilms are the source of both urinary tract infections and bacteremia.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The current investigation aims to discover the relationship between biofilm development and toxin-antitoxin systems in clinical isolates of <i>E. coli</i>.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A total of 100 <i>E. coli</i> isolates were tested for biofilm formation by microtiter plate assay and the presence of several TA systems such as MazF, RelE, hipA, ccdB, and MqsR.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Microtiter plates revealed that 90 <i>E. coli</i> isolates produced biofilms. The results revealed that 75 (75%), 80 (80%), 81 (81%), 58 (58%), and 51 (51%) of the isolates contained mazF, ccdB, relE, mqsR, and hipA TA loci, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings suggested that TA genes are common in clinical isolates of <i>E. coli</i> strains. The results demonstrated that the TA system is related with biofilm development.</p>","PeriodicalId":12738,"journal":{"name":"GMS Hygiene and Infection Control","volume":"21 ","pages":"Doc56"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13585036/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148989856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outbreak of Candidozyma auris: a challenge for the infection control team.","authors":"Heera Hassan, Anil Sathyadas, Aravind Reghukumar, Maramparambil Chami Sathyabhama, Jyothi Rajahamsan, Manjusree Shanmugham, Sindhu Moni Sunanda, Priya Krishnan Kutty Nair Chandrika, Jayalekshmi Jayageetha","doi":"10.3205/dgkh000663","DOIUrl":"10.3205/dgkh000663","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Between March 15 and April 5, 2025, an outbreak of <i>Candidozyma auris</i>, a multidrug-resistant fungal pathogen, was detected in the intensive care unit of a tertiary care center in Thiruvananthapuram, India. Five patients were affected-three with bloodstream infections and two with asymptomatic colonization. Interventions included patient screening, cohorting, enhanced hand hygiene, environmental cleaning, and disinfection of shared equipment. <i>C. auris</i> was identified using MALDI-TOF, but antifungal susceptibility testing could not be performed. The probable index case was a colonized patient with prolonged fluconazole exposure. Lapses in hand hygiene were the likely mode of transmission; environmental cultures were negative. No new cases occurred two months after implementation of infection control measures. The outbreak highlights the need for early species-level identification of non-albicans Candida, improved laboratory capacity, regular staff training, and strict infection control practices. It underscores the importance of preparedness and rapid response to fungal threats in critical care settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":12738,"journal":{"name":"GMS Hygiene and Infection Control","volume":"21 ","pages":"Doc54"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13386510/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148548906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unravelling parasitic spinal infections: a narrative review on diagnosis, treatment strategies, and collaborative management approaches.","authors":"Anand Kumar Das, Sona Bhardwaj, Rijhul Lahariya, Mainak Sinha, Saraj Kumar Singh, Simmi Kishore","doi":"10.3205/dgkh000662","DOIUrl":"10.3205/dgkh000662","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Parasitic infections are more common in low hygiene regions but can occur in developed countries. They often cause significant morbidity and death, especially in the central nervous system. Some spinal infections are caused by <i>Taenia solium</i>, which causes spinal neurocysticercosis. <i>Echinococcus</i>, which causes spinal echinococcosis, frequently infects the lumbar and thoracic spines. Spinal cord schistosomiasis caused by <i>Schistosoma</i> infection has serious clinical consequences. Toxoplasmosis is common in immunocompromised patients, whereas Toxocariasis is generally more common as a childhood infection, caused by ingestion of the eggs. This review article examines parasitic spinal infections, patient demographics, afflicted spinal regions, medical and surgical treatments, follow-up durations, and results.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The search strategy included (Parasitic) OR (Neurocysticercosis) OR (Echinococcosis) OR (Sparganosis) OR (Schistosomiasis) OR (Gnathostomiasis) OR (Lagochilascariasis) OR (Toxocariasis) OR (Toxoplasma)) AND ((Spine) OR (Spinal)) AND (Infection).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>35 articles with 44 participants (average age of 40.1±12.6 years) were included. Most affected were the thoracic (50%) and lumbar (15.9%) spines. Neurocysticercosis was the most common infection (45.5%), followed by echinococcosis (31.8%), sparganosis (6.8%), schistosomiasis (4.5%), gnathostomiasis (4.5%), and single occurrences of lagochilascariasis and toxocariasis (2.3% each). Albendazole was administered in 90.9% of cases. Depending on the situation, 35 out of 44 (79.5%) of cases required surgery, which could involve fixation or not. All patients survived, with an average follow-up of 18.6±24.8 months. Neuroimaging, serology, and clinical symptoms determined the diagnosis. Antiparasitic and anti-inflammatory medicines are utilised, and surgery or spinal cord decompression may be explored for unclear diagnoses.</p>","PeriodicalId":12738,"journal":{"name":"GMS Hygiene and Infection Control","volume":"21 ","pages":"Doc53"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13386509/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148548967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond awareness: evaluating the impact of a hospital-wide, multi-station infection prevention and control (IPC) innovation campaign on core hospital infection control committee (HICC) performance metrics - a pre-post audit study.","authors":"Saravana Priya Jayakumar Kalpana, Roshni Devi Mayanglambam, Pavan Kumar Reddy Nanchary, Pavan Inaganti, Vasantha Kingsly, Dasarath Buchi, Ranga Kumari, Debdip Ghatak, Puja Deshmukh, Pranathi Kesara, Vidyasagar Vadla, Reddy Mallareddy, Padma Chalasani","doi":"10.3205/dgkh000660","DOIUrl":"10.3205/dgkh000660","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Infection prevention is fundamental to patient safety, yet conventional audits often fall short in driving sustained behavioural change. To address this, Arete Hospitals implemented a hospital-wide, multi-station infection prevention and control (IPC) innovation campaign during the International Infection Prevention Week 2025, featuring immersive, department-specific activities such as hand hygiene, usage of personal protective equipment, disinfecting cleaning of surfaces, and IPC knowledge.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To assess the effectiveness of these interactive, staff-led interventions-anchored in gamified learning and positive reinforcement-in improving core Hospital Infection Control Committee (HICC) performance metrics.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A quasi-experimental pre-post audit was conducted across clinical and support departments. Key performance indicators included hand hygiene, standard and transmission-based precautions, bundle care adherence, rates of health-care associated infections (HAI), safe injection practices, housekeeping, and biomedical waste management.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The campaign engaged 215 healthcare workers (HCWs) with participation rates above 85% and strong positive feedback. Adherence improved significantly across all domains: hand hygiene rose from 62% to 84%, PPE adherence from 68% to 87%, biomedical waste segregation from 71% to 90%, environmental disinfecting cleaning from 74% to 88%, and safe injection practices from 80% to 92%. These gains, achieved with minimal financial investment, highlight the cost-effectiveness and sustainability of gamified IPC interventions in embedding a resilient infection-prevention culture.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This cost-effective, immersive IPC innovation campaign transformed routine audits into dynamic process improvements, delivering measurable adherence gains. By reinforcing indirect yet pivotal safety practices, it embedded a resilient infection prevention culture, proving dedicated time alone can catalyse sustainable patient safety outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":12738,"journal":{"name":"GMS Hygiene and Infection Control","volume":"21 ","pages":"Doc51"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13386532/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148548883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}