Global Biogeochemical Cycles最新文献

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Heat and Drought Events Alter Biogenic Capacity to Balance CO2 Budget in South-Western Europe 高温和干旱事件改变了欧洲西南部生物平衡二氧化碳收支的能力。
IF 5.4 2区 地球科学
Global Biogeochemical Cycles Pub Date : 2025-01-03 DOI: 10.1029/2024GB008163
R. Segura-Barrero, T. Lauvaux, J. Lian, P. Ciais, A. Badia, S. Ventura, H. Bazzi, E. Abbessi, Z. Fu, J. Xiao, X. Li, G. Villalba
{"title":"Heat and Drought Events Alter Biogenic Capacity to Balance CO2 Budget in South-Western Europe","authors":"R. Segura-Barrero,&nbsp;T. Lauvaux,&nbsp;J. Lian,&nbsp;P. Ciais,&nbsp;A. Badia,&nbsp;S. Ventura,&nbsp;H. Bazzi,&nbsp;E. Abbessi,&nbsp;Z. Fu,&nbsp;J. Xiao,&nbsp;X. Li,&nbsp;G. Villalba","doi":"10.1029/2024GB008163","DOIUrl":"10.1029/2024GB008163","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Heat and drought events are increasing in frequency and intensity, posing significant risks to natural and agricultural ecosystems with uncertain effects on the net ecosystem CO<sub>2</sub> exchange (NEE). The current Vegetation Photosynthesis and Respiration Model (VPRM) was adjusted to include soil moisture impacts on the gross ecosystem exchange (GEE) and respiration (<i>R</i><sub>ECO</sub>) fluxes to assess the temporal variability of NEE over south-western Europe for 2001–2022. Warming temperatures lengthen growing seasons, causing an increase in GEE, which is mostly compensated by a similar increment in <i>R</i><sub>ECO</sub>. As a result, there is a modest increase in the net carbon sink of 0.69 gC m<sup>−2</sup> yr<sup>−1</sup> but with high spatial and annual variability. The heatwave of 2022 reduced net carbon uptake by 91.7 TgC, a 26.4% decrease from the mean. The interannual variability of NEE is more influenced by drought in temperate humid regions than in Mediterranean semi-arid regions. These results emphasize the vulnerability of the net carbon sink as drying trends could revert the NEE trends, as it is happening for croplands in the French Central Massif.</p>","PeriodicalId":12729,"journal":{"name":"Global Biogeochemical Cycles","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11696489/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142931458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Close Look at Dissolved Silica Dynamics in Disko Bay, West Greenland 近距离观察西格陵兰迪斯科湾溶解二氧化硅的动态。
IF 5.4 2区 地球科学
Global Biogeochemical Cycles Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1029/2023GB008080
Mark J. Hopwood, Dustin Carroll, Yuanyuan Gu, Xin Huang, Jana Krause, Stefano Cozzi, Carolina Cantoni, María Fernanda Gastelu Barcena, Shandy Carroll, Arne Körtzinger
{"title":"A Close Look at Dissolved Silica Dynamics in Disko Bay, West Greenland","authors":"Mark J. Hopwood,&nbsp;Dustin Carroll,&nbsp;Yuanyuan Gu,&nbsp;Xin Huang,&nbsp;Jana Krause,&nbsp;Stefano Cozzi,&nbsp;Carolina Cantoni,&nbsp;María Fernanda Gastelu Barcena,&nbsp;Shandy Carroll,&nbsp;Arne Körtzinger","doi":"10.1029/2023GB008080","DOIUrl":"10.1029/2023GB008080","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Discharge of calved ice, runoff and mixing driven by subglacial discharge plumes likely have consequences for marine biogeochemistry in Disko Bay, which hosts the largest glacier in the northern hemisphere, Sermeq Kujalleq. Glacier retreat and increasing runoff may impact the marine silica cycle because glaciers deliver elevated concentrations of dissolved silica (dSi) compared to other macronutrients. However, the annual flux of dSi delivered to the ocean from the Greenland Ice Sheet is poorly constrained because of difficulties distinguishing the overlapping influence of different dSi sources. Here we constrain silica dynamics around Disko Bay, including the Ilulissat Icefjord and four other regions receiving glacier runoff with contrasting levels of productivity and turbidity. Both dissolved silica and Si* ([dSi]-[NO<sub>x</sub><sup>−</sup>]) concentrations indicated conservative dynamics in two fjords with runoff from land-terminating glaciers, consistent with the results of mixing experiments. In three fjords with marine-terminating glaciers, macronutrient-salinity distributions were strongly affected by entrainment of nutrients in subglacial discharge plumes. Entrainment of dSi from saline waters explained 93 ± 51% of the dSi enrichment in the outflowing plume from Ilulissat Icefjord, whereas the direct contribution of freshwater to dSi in the plume was likely 0%–3%. Whilst not distinguished herein, other minor regional dSi sources include icebergs and dissolution of amorphous silica (aSi) in either pelagic or benthic environments. Our results suggest that runoff around Greenland is supplemented as a dSi source by minor fluxes of 0.25 ± 0.67 Gmol yr<sup>−1</sup> dSi from icebergs and ∼1.9 Gmol year<sup>−1</sup> from pelagic aSi dissolution.</p>","PeriodicalId":12729,"journal":{"name":"Global Biogeochemical Cycles","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11693982/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142931435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Dissolved Nitrogen Cycling in the Eastern Canadian Arctic Archipelago and Baffin Bay From Stable Isotopic Data 从稳定同位素数据看加拿大东部北极群岛和巴芬湾溶解氮循环。
IF 5.4 2区 地球科学
Global Biogeochemical Cycles Pub Date : 2024-12-16 DOI: 10.1029/2023GB007926
H. C. Westbrook, A. Bourbonnais, C. C. M. Manning, J.-É. Tremblay, M. M. M. Ahmed, B. Else, J. Granger
{"title":"Dissolved Nitrogen Cycling in the Eastern Canadian Arctic Archipelago and Baffin Bay From Stable Isotopic Data","authors":"H. C. Westbrook,&nbsp;A. Bourbonnais,&nbsp;C. C. M. Manning,&nbsp;J.-É. Tremblay,&nbsp;M. M. M. Ahmed,&nbsp;B. Else,&nbsp;J. Granger","doi":"10.1029/2023GB007926","DOIUrl":"10.1029/2023GB007926","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Climate change is expected to alter the input of nitrogen (N) sources in the Eastern Canadian Arctic Archipelago and Baffin Bay due to increased discharge from glacial meltwater and permafrost thaw. Since dissolved inorganic N is generally depleted in surface waters, dissolved organic N (DON) could represent a significant N source fueling phytoplankton activity in Arctic ecosystems. Yet, few DON data for this region exist. We measured concentrations and stable isotope ratios of DON (δ<sup>15</sup>N) and nitrate (NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup>; δ<sup>15</sup>N and δ<sup>18</sup>O) to investigate the sources and cycling of dissolved nitrogen in regional rivers and marine samples collected in the Eastern Canadian Arctic Archipelago and Baffin Bay during the summer of 2019. The isotopic signatures of NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup> in rivers could be reproduced in a steady state isotopic model by invoking mixing between atmospheric NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup> and nitrified ammonium as well as NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup> assimilation by phytoplankton. DON concentrations were low in most rivers (≤4.9 μmol N L<sup>−1</sup>), whereas the concentrations (0.54–12 μmol N L<sup>−1</sup>) and δ<sup>15</sup>N of DON (−0.71–9.6‰) at the sea surface were variable among stations, suggesting dynamic cycling and/or distinctive sources. In two regions with high chlorophyll-a, DON concentrations were inversely correlated with chlorophyll-a and the δ<sup>15</sup>N of DON, suggesting net DON consumption in localized phytoplankton blooms. We derived an isotope effect of 6.9‰ for DON consumption. Our data helps establish a baseline to assess future changes in the nutrient regime for this climate-sensitive region.</p>","PeriodicalId":12729,"journal":{"name":"Global Biogeochemical Cycles","volume":"38 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11650013/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142853583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
System-Wide Greenhouse Gas Emissions From Mountain Reservoirs Draining Permafrost Catchments on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau 青藏高原永久冻土区水库全系统温室气体排放
IF 5.4 2区 地球科学
Global Biogeochemical Cycles Pub Date : 2024-12-14 DOI: 10.1029/2024GB008112
Liwei Zhang, Emily H. Stanley, Gerard Rocher-Ros, Joshua F. Dean, Dongfeng Li, Qingrui Wang, Ling Zhang, Wenqing Shi, Tian Xie, Xinghui Xia
{"title":"System-Wide Greenhouse Gas Emissions From Mountain Reservoirs Draining Permafrost Catchments on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau","authors":"Liwei Zhang,&nbsp;Emily H. Stanley,&nbsp;Gerard Rocher-Ros,&nbsp;Joshua F. Dean,&nbsp;Dongfeng Li,&nbsp;Qingrui Wang,&nbsp;Ling Zhang,&nbsp;Wenqing Shi,&nbsp;Tian Xie,&nbsp;Xinghui Xia","doi":"10.1029/2024GB008112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024GB008112","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Reservoirs influence the global climate by exchanging greenhouse gases (GHGs) of carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>), methane (CH<sub>4</sub>), and nitrous oxide (N<sub>2</sub>O) with the atmosphere. Few studies, however, quantify emissions of all three GHGs from reservoirs, particularly in permafrost-affected mountain regions where ecosystems are highly vulnerable to climate change. This study presents three-year direct measurements of CO<sub>2</sub>, CH<sub>4</sub>, and N<sub>2</sub>O concentrations and fluxes upstream, within, and downstream from two reservoirs draining permafrost catchments on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, including periods of reservoir drawdown. Comparing GHG fluxes across space and time exhibits a general pattern of lower fluxes at the two reservoirs relative to up- and downstream channels. Ebullitive fluxes contributed to 36.7% and 9.4% of total CH<sub>4</sub> and N<sub>2</sub>O fluxes, respectively. CO<sub>2</sub> has no response to drawdown, but CH<sub>4</sub> and N<sub>2</sub>O display synchronous drawdown-associated increase within the reservoir, constituting 57.5% and 32.8% of the annual reservoir emissions in just 2 months, respectively. Riverine emissions from up- and downstream channels accounted for an outsized fraction (55.5% for CH<sub>4</sub>, 17.3% for CO<sub>2</sub> and 16.5% for N<sub>2</sub>O) of the system-wide GHG budget. Compared with global reservoirs, the two reservoirs have high CO<sub>2</sub> and N<sub>2</sub>O but low CH<sub>4</sub> fluxes in CO<sub>2</sub> equivalents. Upscaling shows that the two reservoirs emit the same magnitude of carbon as thermokarst lakes, and four times higher N<sub>2</sub>O than Finnish lakes on an areal basis. This article shows that alpine reservoirs draining permafrost catchments are unrecognized atmospheric sources in current reservoir GHG inventories, but also emphasizes the importance of system-wide emissions when assessing total GHG evasion from reservoir systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":12729,"journal":{"name":"Global Biogeochemical Cycles","volume":"38 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142861235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Interactions Between Multiple Physical Particle Injection Pumps in the Southern Ocean 南大洋多个物理粒子注入泵之间的相互作用
IF 5.4 2区 地球科学
Global Biogeochemical Cycles Pub Date : 2024-12-12 DOI: 10.1029/2024GB008122
Andrew F. Thompson, Lilian A. Dove, Ellie Flint, Leo Lacour, Philip Boyd
{"title":"Interactions Between Multiple Physical Particle Injection Pumps in the Southern Ocean","authors":"Andrew F. Thompson,&nbsp;Lilian A. Dove,&nbsp;Ellie Flint,&nbsp;Leo Lacour,&nbsp;Philip Boyd","doi":"10.1029/2024GB008122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024GB008122","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;Contributions to the biological pump that arise from the physical circulation are referred to as physical particle injection pumps. A synthesized view of how these physical pumps interact with each other and other components of the biological pump does not yet exist. Here, observations from a quasi-Lagrangian float and an ocean glider, deployed in the Southern Ocean's Subantarctic Zone for one month during the spring bloom, offer insight into daily-to-monthly fluctuations in the mixed layer pump (MLP) and the eddy subduction pump (ESP). Estimated independently, each mechanism contributes intermittent export fluxes of roughly several hundred milligrams of particulate organic carbon (POC) per square meter per day. The glider-based estimates indicate sustained weekly periods of MLP export fluxes across the base of the mixed layer with a magnitude of &lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 &lt;semantics&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;mo&gt;∼&lt;/mo&gt;\u0000 &lt;mn&gt;450&lt;/mn&gt;\u0000 &lt;mo&gt;±&lt;/mo&gt;\u0000 &lt;mn&gt;110&lt;/mn&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;annotation&gt; ${sim} 450pm 110$&lt;/annotation&gt;\u0000 &lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt; mg POC &lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 &lt;semantics&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;msup&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;m&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;mo&gt;−&lt;/mo&gt;\u0000 &lt;mn&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;/msup&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;annotation&gt; ${mathrm{m}}^{-2}$&lt;/annotation&gt;\u0000 &lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt; &lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 &lt;semantics&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;msup&gt;\u0000 &lt;mtext&gt;day&lt;/mtext&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;mo&gt;−&lt;/mo&gt;\u0000 &lt;mn&gt;1&lt;/mn&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;/msup&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;annotation&gt; ${text{day}}^{-1}$&lt;/annotation&gt;\u0000 &lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt;. Potential export fluxes from the ESP, based on a mixed layer instability scaling, occasionally exceed 400 mg POC &lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 &lt;semantics&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;msup&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;m&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;mo&gt;−&lt;/mo&gt;\u0000 &lt;mn&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;/msup&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;annotation&gt; ${mathrm{m}}^{-2}$&lt;/annotation&gt;\u0000 &lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt; &lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 &lt;semantics&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;msup&gt;\u0000 &lt;mtext&gt;day&lt;/mtext&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;mo&gt;−&lt;/mo&gt;\u0000 &lt;mn&gt;1&lt;/mn&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;/msup&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;annotation&gt; ${text{day}}^{-1}$&lt;/annotation&gt;\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":12729,"journal":{"name":"Global Biogeochemical Cycles","volume":"38 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024GB008122","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142860786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Spatial Variability of Dissolved Cobalt in the Indian Ocean Waters: Contrasting Behavior in the Arabian Sea, the Bay of Bengal and the Southern Sector of the Indian Ocean 印度洋水域溶解钴的空间变异性:阿拉伯海、孟加拉湾和印度洋南区的对比行为
IF 5.4 2区 地球科学
Global Biogeochemical Cycles Pub Date : 2024-12-04 DOI: 10.1029/2024GB008291
Nirmalya Malla, Sunil Kumar Singh
{"title":"Spatial Variability of Dissolved Cobalt in the Indian Ocean Waters: Contrasting Behavior in the Arabian Sea, the Bay of Bengal and the Southern Sector of the Indian Ocean","authors":"Nirmalya Malla,&nbsp;Sunil Kumar Singh","doi":"10.1029/2024GB008291","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024GB008291","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The present study explored the dynamics of total dissolved Cobalt (dCo) in the Indian Ocean, revealing different distribution patterns in the different sub-basins, nutrient-type in the southern sector, hybrid-type in the Arabian Sea to scavenged-type in the Bay of Bengal (BoB). The dCo in the coastal water of the Arabian Sea displays elevated (0.12–0.13 nmol L<sup>−</sup><sup>1</sup>) abundance and diminishes gradually toward the central Arabian Sea. Similarly, in the BoB, dCo concentrations are notably higher in the northern region (0.11 nmol L<sup>−1</sup>) and gradually decrease toward the south (0.03 nmol L<sup>−1</sup> at 5°N). The Arabian Sea with higher biological uptake and remineralization in the oxycline supports a higher abundance of dCo in the intermediate oxygen minimum zone (OMZ), much a like the OMZs of the Atlantic and the Pacific Oceans. The influence of the phytoplankton community shift and uptake on the dCo distribution in the Indian Ocean could be inferred from the association between Co and phosphate in the photic waters. Our observation demonstrates a scavenging type dCo profile in the BoB due to its higher riverine as well as dust inputs in addition to its supply from continental shelf sediments. Such a higher concentration of dCo in the surface waters of the northern BoB masks the dCo signal associated with nitrite maxima. dCo gets removed by its scavenging with Mn oxides at deeper depths, as reflected by higher particulate Co in the BoB. Subduction fluids contribute significantly to the dCo inventory of the deep water in the Indian Ocean near the Java-Sumatra subduction zone.</p>","PeriodicalId":12729,"journal":{"name":"Global Biogeochemical Cycles","volume":"38 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142764295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Organic Coatings Reduce Dissolution Rate by an Order of Magnitude for Carbonate Minerals Produced by Marine Fish 有机涂层将海洋鱼类产生的碳酸盐矿物的溶解率降低了一个数量级
IF 5.4 2区 地球科学
Global Biogeochemical Cycles Pub Date : 2024-11-13 DOI: 10.1029/2024GB008176
Amanda M. Oehlert, Sarah Walls, Katelyn Arista, Jazmin Garza, Erik J. Folkerts, Brooke E. Vitek, Sadegh Tale Masoule, Clément G. L. Pollier, Gaëlle Duchâtellier, John D. Stieglitz, Daniel D. Benetti, Rachael M. Heuer, Ali Ghahremaninezhad, Martin Grosell
{"title":"Organic Coatings Reduce Dissolution Rate by an Order of Magnitude for Carbonate Minerals Produced by Marine Fish","authors":"Amanda M. Oehlert,&nbsp;Sarah Walls,&nbsp;Katelyn Arista,&nbsp;Jazmin Garza,&nbsp;Erik J. Folkerts,&nbsp;Brooke E. Vitek,&nbsp;Sadegh Tale Masoule,&nbsp;Clément G. L. Pollier,&nbsp;Gaëlle Duchâtellier,&nbsp;John D. Stieglitz,&nbsp;Daniel D. Benetti,&nbsp;Rachael M. Heuer,&nbsp;Ali Ghahremaninezhad,&nbsp;Martin Grosell","doi":"10.1029/2024GB008176","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024GB008176","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Marine carbonate production and dissolution are important components of the global carbon cycle and the marine alkalinity budget. Global carbonate production by marine fish (ichthyocarbonate) has been estimated to be as high as 9.03 Pg CaCO<sub>3</sub> yr<sup>−1</sup>; however, the fate of ichthyocarbonate is poorly understood. High magnesium concentrations in ichthyocarbonate would traditionally suggest rapid dissolution under current marine conditions, but a correlation between dissolution rate and mol%MgCO<sub>3</sub> has not been observed. Here, we aim to determine the role of organic coatings on dissolution rates of ichthyocarbonate in marine environments. We applied a combination of petrographic, geochemical, and microCT approaches to assess the quantity and distribution of organic matter in ichthyocarbonate produced by two species of marine fish, the Gulf toadfish (<i>Opsanus beta</i>) and the Olive flounder (<i>Paralichthys olivaceus</i>). We show that organic matter, including external coatings and embedded organic material, is volumetrically significant, ranging from 8.5% to 32.3% of ichthyocarbonate by volume. Bleach oxidation of external organic matter coatings increased the dissolution rate of ichthyocarbonate by more than an order of magnitude, suggesting these coatings serve to reduce reactive surface area of the mineral fraction in ichthyocarbonate. Assuming that organic coatings do not influence sinking rates, external coatings extend the depth of ichthyocarbonate persistence in the water column by ∼12–15×. Therefore, organic coatings are an important determinant of the role of ichthyocarbonate in the marine carbon cycle.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":12729,"journal":{"name":"Global Biogeochemical Cycles","volume":"38 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024GB008176","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142642270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
210Po and 210Pb Distributions Along the GEOTRACES Pacific Meridional Transect (GP15): Tracers of Scavenging and Particulate Organic Carbon (POC) Export 沿 GEOTRACES 太平洋经向横断面(GP15)的 210Po 和 210Pb 分布:清扫和颗粒有机碳(POC)输出的示踪剂
IF 5.4 2区 地球科学
Global Biogeochemical Cycles Pub Date : 2024-11-03 DOI: 10.1029/2024GB008243
J. Kirk Cochran, Ziran Wei, Evan Horowitz, Patrick Fitzgerald, Christina Heilbrun, Mark Stephens, Phoebe J. Lam, Emilie Le Roy, Matthew Charette
{"title":"210Po and 210Pb Distributions Along the GEOTRACES Pacific Meridional Transect (GP15): Tracers of Scavenging and Particulate Organic Carbon (POC) Export","authors":"J. Kirk Cochran,&nbsp;Ziran Wei,&nbsp;Evan Horowitz,&nbsp;Patrick Fitzgerald,&nbsp;Christina Heilbrun,&nbsp;Mark Stephens,&nbsp;Phoebe J. Lam,&nbsp;Emilie Le Roy,&nbsp;Matthew Charette","doi":"10.1029/2024GB008243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024GB008243","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Distributions of the natural radionuclide <sup>210</sup>Po and its grandparent <sup>210</sup>Pb along the GP15 Pacific Meridional Transect provide information on scavenging rates of reactive chemical species throughout the water column and fluxes of particulate organic carbon (POC) from the primary production zone (PPZ). <sup>210</sup>Pb is in excess of its grandparent <sup>226</sup>Ra in the upper 400–700 m due to the atmospheric flux of <sup>210</sup>Pb. Mid-water <sup>210</sup>Pb/<sup>226</sup>Ra activity ratios are close to radioactive equilibrium (1.0) north of ∼20°N, indicating slow scavenging, but deficiencies at stations near and south of the equator suggest more rapid scavenging associated with a “particle veil” located at the equator and hydrothermal processes at the East Pacific Rise. Scavenging of <sup>210</sup>Pb and <sup>210</sup>Po is evident in the bottom 500–1,000 m at most stations due to enhanced removal in the nepheloid layer. Deficits in the PPZ of <sup>210</sup>Po (relative to <sup>210</sup>Pb) and <sup>210</sup>Pb (relative to <sup>226</sup>Ra decay and the <sup>210</sup>Pb atmospheric flux), together with POC concentrations and particulate <sup>210</sup>Po and <sup>210</sup>Pb activities, are used to calculate export fluxes of POC from the PPZ. <sup>210</sup>Po-derived POC fluxes on large (&gt;51 μm) particles range from 15.5 ± 1.3 mmol C/m<sup>2</sup>/d to 1.5 ± 0.2 mmol C/m<sup>2</sup>/d and are highest in the Subarctic North Pacific; <sup>210</sup>Pb-derived fluxes range from 6.7 ± 1.8 mmol C/m<sup>2</sup>/d to 0.2 ± 0.1 mmol C/m<sup>2</sup>/d. Both <sup>210</sup>Po- and <sup>210</sup>Pb-derived POC fluxes are greater than those calculated using the <sup>234</sup>Th proxy, possibly due to different integration times of the radionuclides, considering their different radioactive mean-lives and scavenging mean residence times.</p>","PeriodicalId":12729,"journal":{"name":"Global Biogeochemical Cycles","volume":"38 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142579769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Extreme Climate as the Primary Control of Global Soil Organic Carbon Across Spatial Scales 极端气候是跨空间尺度全球土壤有机碳的主要控制因素
IF 5.4 2区 地球科学
Global Biogeochemical Cycles Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1029/2024GB008200
Yucheng Wei, Mingming Wang, R. A. Viscarra Rossel, Hong Chen, Zhongkui Luo
{"title":"Extreme Climate as the Primary Control of Global Soil Organic Carbon Across Spatial Scales","authors":"Yucheng Wei,&nbsp;Mingming Wang,&nbsp;R. A. Viscarra Rossel,&nbsp;Hong Chen,&nbsp;Zhongkui Luo","doi":"10.1029/2024GB008200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024GB008200","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Soil organic carbon (SOC) stock exhibits substantial variability across spatial scales and depths. Drivers of such variability may be scale- and depth-dependent, but have been rarely systematically investigated. Assessing SOC measurements of 113,013 soil profiles worldwide, we show that climate, encompassing mean modern- and paleo-climate and climate extremes, is the predominant determinant across scales (from 50 km to the globe) and depths, explaining 34%–62% of the spatial variability of SOC stocks depending on the spatial scale and soil depth layer assessed. On finer scales (50–100 km), soil properties and mean modern- and paleo-climate are dominant in all soil depth layers. At broader scales (&gt;100 km), the significance of climate extremes intensifies, alone explaining 27%–32% of the spatial variability of SOC stocks. Furthermore, we find nonlinear relationships of SOC stocks with most factors, while the relationship with the same factor is distinct across scales and depths. These results reinforce climate, particularly extremes, as the primary driving force of whole-soil carbon distribution across the globe, emphasizing the need to factor extremes into carbon management strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":12729,"journal":{"name":"Global Biogeochemical Cycles","volume":"38 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142563024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Comprehensive Analysis of Air-Sea CO2 Flux Uncertainties Constructed From Surface Ocean Data Products 根据表层海洋数据产品构建的海气二氧化碳通量不确定性综合分析
IF 5.4 2区 地球科学
Global Biogeochemical Cycles Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1029/2024GB008188
Daniel J. Ford, Josh Blannin, Jennifer Watts, Andrew J. Watson, Peter Landschützer, Annika Jersild, Jamie D. Shutler
{"title":"A Comprehensive Analysis of Air-Sea CO2 Flux Uncertainties Constructed From Surface Ocean Data Products","authors":"Daniel J. Ford,&nbsp;Josh Blannin,&nbsp;Jennifer Watts,&nbsp;Andrew J. Watson,&nbsp;Peter Landschützer,&nbsp;Annika Jersild,&nbsp;Jamie D. Shutler","doi":"10.1029/2024GB008188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024GB008188","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Increasing anthropogenic CO<sub>2</sub> emissions to the atmosphere are partially sequestered into the global oceans through the air-sea exchange of CO<sub>2</sub> and its subsequent movement to depth, commonly referred to as the global ocean carbon sink. Quantifying this ocean carbon sink provides a key component for closing the global carbon budget, which is used to inform and guide policy decisions. These estimates are typically accompanied by an uncertainty budget built by selecting what are perceived as critical uncertainty components based on selective experimentation. However, there is a growing realization that these budgets are incomplete and may be underestimated, which limits their power as a constraint within global budgets. In this study, we present a methodology for quantifying spatially and temporally varying uncertainties in the air-sea CO<sub>2</sub> flux calculations for the <i>f</i>CO<sub>2</sub>-product based assessments that allows an exhaustive assessment of all known sources of uncertainties, including decorrelation length scales between gridded measurements, and the approach follows standard uncertainty propagation methodologies. The resulting standard uncertainties are higher than previously suggested budgets, but the component contributions are largely consistent with previous work. The uncertainties presented in this study identify how the significance and importance of key components change in space and time. For an exemplar method (the UExP-FNN-U method), the work identifies that we can currently estimate the annual ocean carbon sink to a precision of ±0.70 Pg C yr<sup>−1</sup> (1σ uncertainty). Because this method has been built on established uncertainty propagation and approaches, it appears that applicable to all <i>f</i>CO<sub>2</sub>-product assessments of the ocean carbon sink.</p>","PeriodicalId":12729,"journal":{"name":"Global Biogeochemical Cycles","volume":"38 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024GB008188","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142563025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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