Frontiers in Sports and Active Living最新文献

{"title":"Effects of a 24-week multicomponent training program on functional capacity, persistent symptoms, body composition, and physical activity in patients significantly affected by COVID-19: the COVID-19 and REhabilitation study (CORE-study)-randomized clinical trial.","authors":"Angelica Danielevicz, Mabel Diesel, Carla Elane Silva Dos Santos, Maria Eduarda de Moraes Sirydakis, Paulo Urubatan Gama de Melo, Marina Isolde Constantini, Fernanda Hansen, Aline Mendes Gerage, Cintia de la Rocha Freitas, Cassiano Ricardo Rech, Fernanda Rodrigues Fonseca, Rosemeri Maurici, Rodrigo Sudatti Delevatti","doi":"10.3389/fspor.2025.1549132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fspor.2025.1549132","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>COVID-19 can lead to reduced functional capacity, loss of muscle mass, and lasting and persistent symptoms, resulting in reduced physical activity.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the effects of a multicomponent training on functional capacity, persistent symptoms, body composition, pulmonary function, and physical activity levels in patients significantly impaired by SARS-CoV-2.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The participants were randomly assigned (1:1) to either the intervention group (IG), which received multicomponent training (balance/aerobic/resistance), or the control group (CG). Functional capacity [6 min walk test (6MWT)-primary outcome, sit and reach, sit-to-stand, timed up and go], persistent symptoms (dyspnea, fatigue, post-COVID functional status, frailty), body composition (dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry and bioimpedance), pulmonary function, and physical activity levels (accelerometry) were evaluated at baseline and after 24 weeks. Generalized estimating equations were used, with the significance level set at <i>α</i> = 0.05. Outcomes were analyzed by intention-to-treat (ITT) and per-protocol (PP) approaches. Effect sizes were calculated from the mean difference between groups of changes between pre- and post-intervention.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Forty participants [age = 52.00 (12.93) years, 19 women] were included. The primary outcome 6MWT showed improvement in both groups in the ITT analysis (IG: 35.5 m, 95% CI: -3.0 to 74.1; CG: 37.4 m, 95% CI: -5.26 to 80.2) and in the IG (87.6 m, 95% CI: 50.6-124.4) in the PP analysis. The IG showed a reduction in mental fatigue (-1.7 points, 95% CI: -0.5 to 3.5) and general fatigue (-6.5 points, 95% CI: -9.4 to -3.5) in our ITT analysis. The IG also revealed improvement in timed up and go test (-1.6 s, 95% CI: -2.6 to -0.6), mental fatigue (-2.0points, 95% CI: -3.6 to 0.7), general fatigue (-6.4points, 95% CI: -11.0 to -1.6), and a protective effect against increased body fat in PP analysis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This program was effective in improving fatigue in patients previously significantly affected by COVID-19.</p>","PeriodicalId":12716,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Sports and Active Living","volume":"7 ","pages":"1549132"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12497707/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145244436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sports participation and sex outweigh the relative age effect in motor competence of school-aged children.","authors":"Fábio Flôres, Denise Soares, Ana Filipa Silva, Nuno Casanova, Gabriela Almeida, José Marmeleira, Dimitar Shabanliyski","doi":"10.3389/fspor.2025.1608680","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fspor.2025.1608680","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The Relative Age Effect (RAE) refers to the advantage in physical and psychological development that children born earlier in the year often experience, which can influence their participation in sports.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>Analyze the influence of RAE on motor competence (MC) in school-aged children, focusing on differences across birth quartiles and types of sports participation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted with 1,031 children aged 12.02 ± 2.95 years, stratified by birth quartile (Q1-Q4) and sports participation. MC was assessed using the Motor Competence Assessment (MCA) test battery. Statistical analyses included one-way ANOVA and a three-way MANCOVA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants born in Q1 exhibited significantly higher MC scores compared to those born in Q3 and Q4, particularly in the Manipulative domain (<i>p</i> < 0.05, <i>η</i> ² = 0.01). Sports participation had the strongest effect (<i>p</i> < 0.01, <i>η</i> ² = 0.10), with participants in team sports demonstrating higher MC across all domains. Boys outperformed girls in Manipulative skills (<i>p</i> < 0.01, <i>η</i> ² = 0.12). Furthermore, the interaction between birth quartile, sports participation, and sex was also significant (<i>p</i> = 0.02, <i>η</i> ² = 0.01), indicating that the influence of RAE on MC depends on additional contextual factors.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>While RAE had a statistically significant but small effect on MC, sports participation, particularly team sports, and sex may play more dominant roles. These findings underscore the importance of promoting equitable access to organized physical activity while considering the nuanced and context-dependent nature of the RAE.</p>","PeriodicalId":12716,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Sports and Active Living","volume":"7 ","pages":"1608680"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12492310/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145232506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial: Sport practice and physical activity-the social function of sport in contemporary societies.","authors":"Pedro Moreira Gregori, Juan Carlos Martin","doi":"10.3389/fspor.2025.1693014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fspor.2025.1693014","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12716,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Sports and Active Living","volume":"7 ","pages":"1693014"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12491187/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145232423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial: Multidimensional development of student-athletes: new perspectives on dual career.","authors":"Ricardo T Quinaud, Mojca Doupona, Flavia Guidotti, Laura Capranica","doi":"10.3389/fspor.2025.1701681","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fspor.2025.1701681","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12716,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Sports and Active Living","volume":"7 ","pages":"1701681"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12491260/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145232467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A multi-parameter investigation of elite archery: distinguishing individual and shared performance strategies during the aiming and follow-through phases.","authors":"Raphaël Jacquot, Khaireddine Ben Mansour, Kévin Bouillet, Jean-Philippe Jehl, Gérôme Gauchard","doi":"10.3389/fspor.2025.1650300","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fspor.2025.1650300","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Archery accuracy relies heavily on the aiming and follow-through phases, during which factors such as muscle activation, postural control, and drawing arm movement play key roles. This study aims to assess whether these performance determinants in high-level archery are consistent across athletes or reflect individual-specific strategies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Eight top-level French archers (4 women, 4 men) shot eight rounds of nine arrows at a 70 m target, using their personal equipment in a competition-like outdoor setting. Data on neuromuscular activity, postural control, body segment configuration and temporal strategies were collected during the aiming and follow-through phases. Arrow scores were grouped into high (10), mid (9), and low (≤8) for analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At the group level, several muscles and postural control parameters were associated with performance during the aiming phase (seven muscles, three postural parameters, and mechanical clicker reaction time) and the follow-through phase (four muscles and three postural parameters). At the individual level, two parameters during aiming (medial deltoid activity on the bow side and aiming duration) and two parameters during the follow-through phase (upper trapezius activity on the drawing side and surface of center of pressure displacement) were identified as individual strategies.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>These findings highlight both shared performance determinants and individualized strategies among elite archers, emphasizing that while technical approaches vary, certain biomechanical patterns remain crucial for optimal performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":12716,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Sports and Active Living","volume":"7 ","pages":"1650300"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12491234/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145232456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Periodization for success-in-season external training loads relative to competition load in American football.","authors":"Quincy R Johnson, Yang Yang, Dimitrije Cabarkapa, Dayton Sealey, Shane Stock, Dalton Gleason, Clay Frels, Madi Rink, Andrew C Fry","doi":"10.3389/fspor.2025.1662240","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fspor.2025.1662240","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Despite an exponential development in performance monitoring technologies, the physical performance demands of sport remain an understudied topic in scientific literature. Thus, the primary purpose of this study was to quantify and compare the training loads (TL) of a collegiate American football team between in-season practices and official games by general position group, event type, and to assess the interaction between the two.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty-seven NCAA Division-II athletes volunteered to participate in this investigation. In-season TL during 32 practices (categorized as days before game day; GD minus) and 11 conference games were recorded using global positioning system technology. Collected data included total duration, total distance, yards traveled per minute, hard running distance, hard running efforts, 2-dimensional (2D) load, and 3-dimensional (3D) load.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A factorial analysis of variance revealed significant main effects in TL for event type (<i>p</i> < 0.001) and position groups (<i>p</i> < 0.001), and an interaction effect between the two (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Unique microcyclic characteristics were observed for each measure of interest. Relative to game values (100%), values for training duration (+25% to -12%; GD-4 to GD-1), yards per minute (+15% to -11%), total distance (+37% to -3%), hard running distance (+33% to -7%), hard running efforts (+33% to -12%), 2D-load (+40% to -7%), and 3D-load (+44% to -3%) were significantly greater than game values on distinct days during the week.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>These findings can improve the current understanding of practice demands relative to games, which may support more optimal sport-specific periodization approaches within American football.</p>","PeriodicalId":12716,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Sports and Active Living","volume":"7 ","pages":"1662240"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12489946/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145232435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intervention for physical activity in pregnant women with pre-pregnancy obesity or overweight based on the Fogg Behavior Model.","authors":"Ying-Li Song, Ji Zhang, Xiao Yang, Juan Wang, Xiang-Zhi Wang","doi":"10.3389/fspor.2025.1594501","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fspor.2025.1594501","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the impact of a physical activity intervention based on the Fogg Behavior Model on weight, gestational physical activity, self-efficacy for physical activity, and physical activity knowledge in pregnant women with pre-pregnancy obesity or overweight.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 132 pregnant women with pre-pregnancy obesity or overweight were divided into a control group and an intervention group, with 66 participants in each group. The control group received routine prenatal care, while the intervention group, based on the control group's regimen, received an intervention guided by the Fogg Behavior Model, focusing on the three key elements of motivation, ability, and prompts, until 36⁺⁶ weeks of gestation. Pre- and post-intervention evaluations were conducted for both groups, assessing maternal weight, gestational physical activity, self-efficacy for physical activity, and physical activity knowledge.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 70 participants in the control group and 62 participants in the intervention group completed the intervention. After the intervention, the intervention group exhibited less weight gain in both the mid and late stages of pregnancy compared to the control group. The intervention group also had higher physical activity scores in both the mid and late stages of pregnancy. Additionally, self-efficacy for physical activity was higher in the intervention group during the mid-pregnancy period, and physical activity knowledge scores were higher in the intervention group during the late pregnancy period compared to the control group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Physical activity based on the Fogg Behavior Model is effective in reducing gestational weight gain and increasing physical activity during pregnancy.</p>","PeriodicalId":12716,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Sports and Active Living","volume":"7 ","pages":"1594501"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12488619/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145232473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physical activity, sports participation, and sustainable development in the Ibero-American region: a pilot implementation of indicators in Chile, Costa Rica, and Ecuador.","authors":"Robert Bauer, Raúl Sánchez-García, Daniela Hernández, Domingo F Hernández-Angeles, Silvia González, Inés Nieto, Xián Mayo, Alfonso Jiménez","doi":"10.3389/fspor.2025.1607167","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fspor.2025.1607167","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In recognition of the potential contributions of sports and physical activity to national development and responding to international calls from organizations like UNESCO and the World Health Organization, a coalition of agencies and Ibero-American sports ministers endorsed the creation of an indicator set to assess the impact of sports participation and physical activity on sustainable development.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The Ibero-American Sports Council, UNESCO, and the German Agency for International Cooperation developed a set of twelve Sports and Development indicators and four key data points for the Ibero-American region. In 2024, the first national-level pilot implementation was completed in Chile, Costa Rica, and Ecuador, collecting data using specifically designed formulae.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Each country was able to partially provide relevant data for the defined indicators, with Chile completing eight, Costa Rica four, and Ecuador seven indicators. All countries provided data for the key data points.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The first national pilot implementation of the proposed indicators-as part of its validation process-highlights the need for improved quality and accessibility of reliable data across the Ibero-American region. These indicators have the potential to assess, track, and compare policies related to physical activity and sports, and to identify challenges and opportunities for improvement.</p>","PeriodicalId":12716,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Sports and Active Living","volume":"7 ","pages":"1607167"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12483448/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145206137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the relationship of social networks on team effectiveness: a cross-cultural study of collegiate student-athletes in Korea and Hong Kong.","authors":"Seungmo Kim, Sanghyun Park, Adam Love","doi":"10.3389/fspor.2025.1639370","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fspor.2025.1639370","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The purpose of the current study was to explore the relationship between college sports teams' social networks (i.e., cohesion) and performance (i.e., effectiveness) within distinct sports cultures-specifically, elite sports in Korea vs. recreational sports in Hong Kong. A total of 600 student-athletes participated in a survey, comprising 256 athletes from 30 teams (12 men's teams and 18 women's teams) in Korea and 344 athletes from 27 teams (14 men's teams and 13 women's teams) in Hong Kong. Based on their response regarding advice network among teammates, total 57 Teams were categorized into dense (high advice network density) and sparse (low advice network density) based on median advice density values (S. Korea: 0.388, Hongkong: 0.431), resulting in four groups: 1. dense advice network in Hong Kong, 2. sparse advice network in Hong Kong, 3. dense advice network in Korea, and 4. sparse advice network in Korea. An ANCOVA analysis was conducted on the sub-dimensions of team effectiveness (i.e., effort, ability, preparation, persistence, and unity) to compare means across these groups. The study found that teams in Korea demonstrated greater effectiveness in terms of effort, ability, and preparation compared to those in Hong Kong. Interaction effect between network and nationality affected effort and utility of team effectiveness, and overall, Korea's dense network group outperformed Hong Kong's network group in terms of team effectiveness.</p>","PeriodicalId":12716,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Sports and Active Living","volume":"7 ","pages":"1639370"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12483852/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145212282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reliability of the adapted compensatory arm and leg movements scale during perturbation treadmill walking in older adults.","authors":"Michael Schwenk, Mitzi Ramirez Mantilla, Nina Marie Schmidt, Vanessa Haug, Christian Werner, Markus Gruber, Michael Denkinger, Tim Fleiner","doi":"10.3389/fspor.2025.1658856","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fspor.2025.1658856","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Reactive balance during walking is crucial for fall prevention, as it determines recovery from unexpected perturbations like slips and trips. Existing reactive balance assessments are complex and lab-based, lacking an easy-to-use alternative for broader application in clinical environments. The Adapted Compensatory Arm and Leg Movements (A-CALM) scale was developed to address this gap by providing an observer-based tool to evaluate compensatory balance reactions during perturbation treadmill walking. This study assessed its inter- and intra-rater reliability in fall-prone older adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Eighteen participants aged 82 ± 7 years walked on the BalanceTutor® perturbation treadmill. Depending on assigned intensity levels, each received 8, 16, or 24 perturbations in mediolateral and anteroposterior directions. Compensatory balance reactions after each perturbation were video-recorded and evaluated by three trained raters using the A-CALM scale, capturing responses from minor adjustments to near-fall scenarios. Arm movements were rated on a five-point scale (1 = near fall, 5 = regular arm swing), while leg movements were rated on an eight-point scale (1 = near fall, 8 = normal walking), with intermediate scores reflecting varying recovery steps. Inter-rater reliability was assessed using Fleiss' Kappa, while intra-rater reliability over a two-week interval was evaluated using Cohen's Kappa.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 288 perturbations were recorded. The A-CALM scale demonstrated strong intra-rater reliability, with Kappa values of 0.85 (95% CI = 0.80-0.89) for arm scores, 0.80 (95% CI = 0.75-0.86) for leg scores, and 0.86 (95% CI = 0.83-0.90) for total scores, indicating a high level of consistency in the raters' assessments across time. Inter-rater reliability was substantial for arm scores (<i>K</i> = 0.67, 95% CI = 0.62-0.72) but moderate for leg scores (<i>K</i> = 0.48, 95% CI = 0.44-0.51) and total scores (<i>K</i> = 0.41, 95% CI = 0.38-0.44) with significant values in all analyses (<i>p</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The A-CALM scale showed high intra-rater consistency and moderate-to-substantial inter-rater agreement, with greater reliability for arm than leg movements. Single-rater use is recommended to enhance stability, while future work should refine leg scoring and validate the scale in larger cohorts with outcomes like falls and functional decline.</p>","PeriodicalId":12716,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Sports and Active Living","volume":"7 ","pages":"1658856"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12483446/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145206187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}