Frontiers in Sports and Active Living最新文献

{"title":"Muscle amnesia: a hypothesized framework for motor-pattern accessibility in exercise rehabilitation after inactivity, injury and illness.","authors":"Giorgos K Sakkas, Christina Karatzaferi","doi":"10.3389/fspor.2026.1926470","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fspor.2026.1926470","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>After inactivity, injury or illness, people may regain part of their strength, range of motion or load tolerance before they recover fluent movement. Clinicians may observe an athlete, patient or older adult who can generate force but returns to walking, squatting, standing, running or sport with a guarded, variable or inefficient movement strategy that appears disproportionate to remaining impairment. This Perspective presents a theoretical framework and proposes the term Muscle Amnesia as a cautious practical label for a history-, use- and context-sensitive reduction in access to a previously acquired task solution. The term is not intended to imply literal memory loss within muscle tissue, to replace established concepts or to create a new diagnosis. Rather, it names a candidate clinical-behavioural construct in which altered exposure, compensatory practice, pain, threat, fatigue, context change and reduced task practice may shift motor-pattern selection. The aim of this article is to define the construct, distinguish it from detraining, learned non-use, pain-adapted movement, skill decay and maladaptive compensation, and propose preliminary candidate criteria and research designs. We argue that exercise rehabilitation should examine not only physical capacity, but also whether capacity is organized into task-relevant movement. The framework remains hypothetical and requires qualitative, experimental and clinical validation.</p>","PeriodicalId":12716,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Sports and Active Living","volume":"8 ","pages":"1926470"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13661582/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149181236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Women's participation in the Paralympic Games (1960-2024): a longitudinal and bibliometric analysis of global trends and scientific production.","authors":"Renato De Donato, Chiara Milanese, Nicole Lorenzet, Federico Schena, Valentina Cavedon","doi":"10.3389/fspor.2026.1834488","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fspor.2026.1834488","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Women's participation in the Paralympic Games has expanded over time, yet this growth has been non-linear and uneven across regions, disciplines, and editions. At the same time, scientific research on women in Paralympic and parasports contexts remains limited and geographically concentrated. Studies that provide a comprehensive, long-term, sex-disaggregated reconstruction of participation across both Summer and Winter editions, together with an examination of its relationship to the geography of scientific production, are scarce.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study reconstructs sex-disaggregated participation in the Summer Paralympic Games (1960-2024) and Winter Paralympic Games (1976-2022) using official data provided by the International Paralympic Committee (IPC), harmonized with National Paralympic Committee data. Longitudinal trends and cross-national patterns are examined through descriptive and comparative analyses. Exploratory non-parametric analyses were used to assess longitudinal trends and macro-regional differences in demographic-normalized participation. As a complementary component, a systematic search of the Web of Science Core Collection (completed 31 October 2025) identified 71 relevant publications, which were analyzed using bibliometric techniques.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Women's participation in the Summer Paralympics follows a non-linear trajectory, reaching near parity at Paris 2024 (44.4%), whereas participation in the Winter Games remains consistently lower, with only modest long-term growth and no comparable movement toward parity (18%-25%). Two study-specific descriptive indicators, i.e., the Weighted Equity Index and the Normalized Female Participation Index, were used to summarize cross-national differences in internal delegation balance and demographic-normalized participation intensity. The bibliometric analysis documents a small but expanding body of literature that is geographically concentrated.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings suggest a persistent misalignment between the increasing presence of women in the Paralympic Games and the comparatively limited and uneven development of scientific research on this population. The study provides a comprehensive longitudinal mapping of women's participation and offers an empirical basis for future research and policy aimed at improving equity in Paralympic sports.</p>","PeriodicalId":12716,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Sports and Active Living","volume":"8 ","pages":"1834488"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13661581/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149180724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GWAS-based polygenic profiling across broad sport categories: shared and category-specific genetic associations with athlete status and polygenic differences from population controls.","authors":"M V Terekhov, G A Abushinova, A A Mamchur, M V Bruttan, I K Dzhumaniiazova, M V Ivanov, A V Zholinsky, A I Kadykova, N S Gladyshev, R V Deev, L R Matkava, M N Pilipenko, S I Mitrofanov, A A Ivashechkin, E D Maralova, V S Yudin, V V Makarov, A A Keskinov, D A Kashtanova, S M Yudin, V I Skvortsova","doi":"10.3389/fspor.2026.1813231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fspor.2026.1813231","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Distinct physical demands across sports categories suggest a potential genetic component underlying an athlete's suitability for specific disciplines. To examine this hypothesis, the study analyzed a cohort of 3,676 professional athletes from a range of sports categories, including combat sports (<i>n</i> = 875), multi-sports (<i>n</i> = 102), speed- and power-based sports (<i>n</i> = 146), coordination-based sports (<i>n</i> = 630), game-oriented sports (<i>n</i> = 1,143), and cyclic sports (<i>n</i> = 780). Six genome-wide association studies were conducted to identify genetic variants associated with each sports category, with a general population sample of 21,516 participants as the control group. Comparison of the findings revealed both common and distinct genetic markers across the different sports categories. The findings of each study were used to build polygenic score models to identify the genetic differences between each athlete group and the control. In the internal held-out test set, the models demonstrated varying discriminative abilities, with ROC AUC values of 0.67 for coordination-based sports, 0.75 for combat sports, 0.77 for speed- and power-based sports, 0.82 for multi-sports, 0.68 for game-oriented sports, and 0.67 for cyclic sports. Subsequent validation on a fully independent external sample confirmed the discriminative capacity of the scores for combat sports (0.69), cyclic sports (0.66), coordination-based sports (0.64), and game-oriented sports (0.62), whereas the models for multi-sports (0.53) and speed- and power-based sports (0.38) did not validate externally and were excluded from further analyses. In this study, we present a genetic profiling framework based on exploratory polygenic score modeling that serves as a tool to capture genetic associations with broad sport categories rather than to predict individual athletic success. Additionally, long-term effects of the detected genetic variants were analyzed in a cohort of 2,914 older adults (age ≥ 90 years), in whom polygenic scores for coordination-based, cyclic, and game-oriented sports were higher than in the general population sample. Due to the study's cross-sectional design, these findings are reported as associations with a long-living phenotype, rather than a prediction of lifespan.</p>","PeriodicalId":12716,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Sports and Active Living","volume":"8 ","pages":"1813231"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13663180/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149192925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring adapted water polo: a feasibility study on improving psychosocial recovery in women post-breast cancer treatment.","authors":"S Cuvelier, C Goetgheluck-Villaron, C Zemmour, S Bernasconi, A Tallet, A Arthur, P Dantin, P Viens, M Cohen, S Calvin","doi":"10.3389/fspor.2026.1910555","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fspor.2026.1910555","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of an adapted water polo programme (Aqua polo) for women following breast cancer treatment. Exploratory secondary objectives were to examine changes in cancer-related fatigue (CRF), quality of life, post-traumatic growth, physical function and participants' psychosocial experiences. The intervention was conducted in a municipal swimming pool within a renowned local club, as part of a community-based research collaboration between a cancer center and a sport psychology laboratory.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A 16-week intervention was implemented, with participants engaging in structured weekly sessions to evaluate both physical and psychosocial outcomes. Fifteen participants took part in weekly 2-hour Aqua polo sessions, supervised by a multidisciplinary team. A mixed-methods approach was used to assess feasibility (session adherence), physical improvements (aerobic capacity, muscle mass), and psychosocial dimensions, including CRF (R-PFS), quality of life (QLQ BR23), post-traumatic growth (PTG-I), and relational dynamics within the sporting environment (through semi-structured interviews). Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and mixed linear models; qualitative interviews were coded inductively using grounded theory principles and NVivo software.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The programme achieved a high adherence rate, with 87% of participants attending at least 60% of the sessions. Exploratory analyses showed increases in aerobic capacity (<i>p</i> = 0.009), muscle mass (<i>p</i> = 0.01) and quality of life (<i>p</i> = 0.04), whereas no significant changes were observed in cancer-related fatigue. Participants described positive psychosocial experiences, including greater self-confidence, renewed competence and improved body image. Qualitative findings highlighted the importance of social interactions, team cohesion and the coach-athlete relationship in fostering engagement and perceived psychosocial recovery.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This feasibility study demonstrates that an adapted water polo programme is feasible and well accepted by women following breast cancer treatment. Exploratory findings suggest potential benefits for physical function and psychosocial well-being, while supporting the development of future adequately powered controlled studies evaluating team-based aquatic interventions in cancer rehabilitation.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial registration: </strong>https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04235946, identifier: NCT04235946. French national registry identifier: ID-RCB 2019-A03003-54.</p>","PeriodicalId":12716,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Sports and Active Living","volume":"8 ","pages":"1910555"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13662119/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149181126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of different gait patterns on knee joint biomechanics and dynamic stability during stair ascent in healthy adults.","authors":"Gangzheng Yi, Lian Duan, Yang Sun, Yuan Gao, Dapeng Wang","doi":"10.3389/fspor.2026.1924813","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fspor.2026.1924813","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the effects of different stair-ascent gait patterns on knee joint biomechanics and dynamic postural stability.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional, repeated-measures laboratory study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Qinhuangdao First Hospital [approval no. (2025K-135-01)]. Experimental procedures were conducted at Qinhuangdao First Hospital, and data analysis was performed at Yanshan University, which served as the collaborating institution for study design and statistical processing. Participants were recruited between 03 December 2024 and 18 December 2024. Fourteen healthy young males (mean age: 19.8 years; mean body mass: 72.2 kg) were enrolled and instructed to ascend stairs using two distinct gait patterns: a regular step-by-step (alternating) pattern, in which one step height was ascended per gait cycle, and a double-step (skip-step) pattern, in which two step heights were ascended per cycle by skipping one intervening step. Kinematic and kinetic data were synchronously recorded using a Qualisys infrared motion-capture system and a Kistler force platform. As each participant performed both conditions, all statistical comparisons were conducted using paired-sample *t*-tests. Dynamic stability and knee loading were quantified by the margin of stability (MOS) and patellofemoral joint stress (PFJS), respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Throughout the gait cycle, no significant difference was observed MOSml between the two gait patterns (<i>P</i> = 0.318). In the anterior-posterior (AP) direction, however, the MOS for both patterns remained negative and decreased over time, with the double-step pattern yielding significantly lower MOSap values compared with the regular step-by-step pattern (<i>P</i> = 0.002). At the instant of left foot-off, significant differences were detected between patterns in right knee joint angle, right knee joint moment, net joint moment, effective quadriceps muscle lever arm, quadriceps force (QF), angle between the quadriceps tendon and patellar ligament, patellofemoral joint force (PFJF), PFJS, and patellofemoral contact area (all <i>P</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In healthy young males, the double-step stair-ascent pattern was associated with reduced anterior-posterior dynamic stability, reflecting a decreased anterior-posterior stability margin. This pattern was also associated with elevated PFJS, reflecting greater compressive loading of the knee joint. Because of the cross-sectional design, these findings represent observed associations rather than causal mechanisms. Accordingly, lower-limb strengthening exercises and modifications to stair-climbing strategy may constitute reasonable hypotheses for mitigating stability decline and mechanical loading; however, these should be tested in future studies before being translated into clinical recommendations.</p>","PeriodicalId":12716,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Sports and Active Living","volume":"8 ","pages":"1924813"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13662054/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149181278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"NSAID use as a shared decision-making variable in musculoskeletal rehabilitation and strength and conditioning: a perspective.","authors":"Longji Li, Haojie Long, Lifeng Zhang","doi":"10.3389/fspor.2026.1912725","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fspor.2026.1912725","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pain relief is often considered a key indicator of musculoskeletal rehabilitation and load progression in physical training. However, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can alter pain perception and symptom expression, posing new interpretive challenges to symptom-based clinical judgment. During NSAID use, decreased pain and improved training completion do not necessarily indicate a synchronous recovery of tissue load tolerance. Adjusting load solely based on immediate symptom changes may lead to an overestimation of rehabilitation progress. This article explores the potential impact of NSAID use on rehabilitation decisions from the perspectives of symptom interpretation and load management. Pharmacological status should be considered a crucial variable influencing clinical reasoning, rather than merely background information in the medical history. Based on the shared decision-making principle, this article proposes the DICE framework (Document, Interpret, Coordinate, Educate), which integrates NSAID-related information into rehabilitation and load-management decisions by standardizing medication information recording, interpreting symptom changes in conjunction with medication context, promoting multidisciplinary team collaboration, and strengthening medication education. This framework is intended to support more consistent symptom interpretation, more informed load progression decisions, and improved communication within rehabilitation teams. This article argues that NSAID use should be incorporated into a dynamic assessment system for rehabilitation and training decisions to more accurately differentiate changes in symptom control, functional recovery, and load tolerance, thereby supporting safer, more transparent, and patient-centered rehabilitation practices.</p>","PeriodicalId":12716,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Sports and Active Living","volume":"8 ","pages":"1912725"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13661948/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149181289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Frequency profiles of muscle-strengthening exercise identified using three national surveillance measures in a convenience sample of adults.","authors":"Christina Johnson, Joshua Haworth, Elise Brown","doi":"10.3389/fspor.2026.1864851","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fspor.2026.1864851","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Muscle-strengthening exercise (MSE) is crucial for health, with current guidelines recommending engaging in MSE at least two times per week. In the US, the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), National Health Interview Survey (NHIS), and Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) assess MSE frequency, however, research on frequency-based adherence is limited. The purpose of this study is to identify and describe subgroups of MSE participation based on frequency responses to NHANES, NHIS, and BRFSS MSE survey items. In this cross-sectional analysis, a convenience sample of participants (<i>n</i> = 118 [male = 54, female = 64], mean age [±standard deviation] = 27.0 ± 10.7 years) completed an MSE questionnaire at two time points approximately one week apart that included MSE frequency items from the NHANES, NHIS, and BRFSS. Latent profile analysis (LPA) was conducted on data from the first time point to identify latent MSE frequency subgroups, while bootstrap likelihood ratio tests (BLRT; <i>B</i> = 5,000) were utilized to help determine the optimal number of profiles. The LPA indicated a three-profile solution as the best overall fit based on the difference in Bayesian information criterion, strong relative entropy (0.980), and adequate profile distribution (<i>p</i>1 = 28.8%, <i>p</i>2 = 50.0%, <i>p</i>3 = 21.2%). The BLRT supported the three-profile solution, with the addition of a third profile significantly improving fit compared to the two-profile model (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Profiles were labeled based on the average times per week of MSE. They included, (1) Minimal Participation With No Guideline Adherence (0.23 ± 0.43 times per week), (2) Moderate Participation With Guideline Adherence (3.30 ± 0.74 times per week), and (3) High Participation With Guideline Adherence (5.53 ± 0.66 times per week). Three distinct MSE frequency profiles were identified in this convenience sample, with 71.2% of participants classified into guideline-adherent profiles, substantially higher than national estimates of <30%. Within this sample, the identification of two guideline-adherent frequency profiles suggests that binary classification may mask variability in MSE frequency among individuals meeting current guidelines. These findings should be validated in nationally representative samples.</p>","PeriodicalId":12716,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Sports and Active Living","volume":"8 ","pages":"1864851"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13662153/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149192800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Valuing an urban marathon as a public sport service: evidence from the Seoul international marathon.","authors":"Sang-Hyun Shin, Jae-Eun Shin, Timothy Baghurst","doi":"10.3389/fspor.2026.1896016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fspor.2026.1896016","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study examined the nonmarket value of the Seoul International Marathon (SIM) as part of the city's sport infrastructure and public sport service provision, using the Contingent Valuation Method (CVM) to estimate Seoul residents' willingness to pay for the event. An online survey of 1,250 adult residents employed a double-bounded dichotomous-choice format in a hypothetical tax-based donation scenario. A logit model was used to explore which factors shape willingness to pay, and bid level, interest in marathon events, satisfaction with related infrastructure, event perception, occupation, and gender emerged as significant predictors. The estimated individual contribution ranged from KRW 15,781.51 (USD 11.34), the median WTP at KRW 14,394.95 (USD 10.35), and the truncated WTP at KRW 4,747.86 (USD 3.41). The findings indicate that the SIM delivers substantial nonmarket benefits for the host city and that residents' positive views of the event and its supporting environment are closely linked to their readiness to contribute. These results underline the potential of large-scale road races to strengthen urban sport infrastructure and provide practical guidance for sport managers and local governments when deciding on public funding, route and facility improvements, event design, and the development of citywide running programmes. The study also shows how resident-based valuation can be incorporated into planning processes to align sport event strategies with broader urban sport and health objectives. Preprint statement: An earlier version of this manuscript was posted as a preprint on Research Square (DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-8746817/v1).</p>","PeriodicalId":12716,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Sports and Active Living","volume":"8 ","pages":"1896016"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13661926/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149192960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"More than movement: a conceptual exploration of the convergence of social-emotional learning and physical literacy.","authors":"Kyle Pushkarenko, Liz Durden-Myers","doi":"10.3389/fspor.2026.1927655","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fspor.2026.1927655","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper develops an integrative framework for bringing social-emotional learning (SEL) and physical literacy (PL) into closer conceptual and pedagogical alignment. Rather than treating SEL and PL as separate domains, the paper positions them as mutually reinforcing lenses for understanding how movement experiences can support holistic development across health and physical education, community sport and recreation, outdoor and play-based settings, and lifespan physical activity contexts. Ecological systems theory provides the primary architecture, while socio-constructivist, self-determination, ecological dynamics, and meaningful physical education perspectives explain how embodied learning, motivation, agency, belonging, and adaptive movement competence are cultivated through meaningful activity. Within this integrated view, movement is not limited to fitness, performance, or skill acquisition; it is a relational and culturally situated site through which learners develop empathy, resilience, ethical awareness, confidence, competence, motivation, and understanding. International policy frameworks, including UNESCO's Quality Physical Education guidelines, the OECD's Learning Compass 2,030, and the WHO's Global Action Plan on Physical Activity, further underscore the need for approaches that respond to persistent physical inactivity, widening inequities, and growing concerns about young people's mental health and wellbeing. The framework translates these priorities into design principles that emphasize autonomy, competence, relatedness, equity, cultural relevance, and meaningful engagement. In doing so, the paper proposes SEL-PL integration as an evaluative and conceptual direction for health and physical education and related movement contexts, suggesting that meaningful movement may contribute to identity formation, flourishing, lifelong participation, and more just conditions for wellbeing.</p>","PeriodicalId":12716,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Sports and Active Living","volume":"8 ","pages":"1927655"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13662151/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149192975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Return to sport assessment following isolated anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction - 82 consecutive cases.","authors":"Suchung Kim, Michael Cassel, Lucca Lacheta, Marc Trefz, Ulrich Stoeckle, Oliver Miltner","doi":"10.3389/fspor.2026.1922271","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fspor.2026.1922271","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of this study was to investigate different patient related factors associa/copted with objective return to sport (RTS) testing after an isolated anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) following an optimised and standardized outpatient clinic setting.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>From 2015 to 2019, patients with isolated ACL tears undergoing ACL reconstruction (ACLR) with hamstring autograft were included. All followed the same standardized rehabilitation protocol. RTS testing comprised isokinetic extensor (ISO Ext) and flexor (ISO Flex) strength, One-Leg Hop (OLH), Side Hop (SH), and Tapping Agility (TT). A Limb Symmetry Index (LSI) ≥ 90% defined the pass criterion for strength and hop tests; H/Q ≥ 50% was used for both limbs. Logistic regression assessed the influence of time after surgery, in-house vs. external rehabilitation and active/passive rehabilitation sessions on RTS pass rates (<i>α</i>=0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 104 patients, 82 (45 male, 37 female; mean age 34 ± 11.2 years) completed RTS testing at 27.6 (±4.2) weeks after surgery. Patients completed 30 ± 16 strength and functional training sessions. Mean LSI was 92.8 (±11.1%) for OLH and 88.8 (±16.9%) for SH; mean H/Q was 53.9 (±10.8%) (affected) and 50.2 (±6.8%) (unaffected). Pass rates were 66.7% (OLH), 64.4% (SH), 32.4% (TT), 37.2% (ISO Ext), and 44.2% (ISO Flex). No consistent influencing factors were identified (<i>p</i> > 0.05). Fewer active physiotherapy sessions were associated with higher pass rates for SH (OR 0.934; <i>p</i> = 0.041) and OLH (OR 0.906; <i>p</i> = 0.034).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Less than half of patients met the commonly used RTS criteria at 6.5 months after ACLR, even after isolated ACL injury treated by a single surgeon using a standardized surgical technique and standardized rehabilitation protocol. These findings argue against time-based RTS clearance and support continued criterion-based rehabilitation and RTS testing.</p>","PeriodicalId":12716,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Sports and Active Living","volume":"8 ","pages":"1922271"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13663171/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149192985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}