global journal al thaqafah最新文献

{"title":"Utilization of Gum Arabic as a Gelatine Substitute in Halal Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) Pastille","authors":"Mohd Zin, Z., Zainol, M.K., Wan Abd Halim, W.Z.A.","doi":"10.7187/gjatsi072023-10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7187/gjatsi072023-10","url":null,"abstract":"Gelatine is widely used in pharmaceutical and food ingredient that is crucial in most Halal research. Non-halal gelatine accounts for 90% of the world's supply, which is typically taken from animals (bovine and porcine). The expanding and profitable halal, kosher and vegetarian markets (including Hindu) represent a substantial interest in gelatine substitution. Gelatine (G), a versatile hydrocolloid, is a significant ingredient in the confectionary industry due to its gel formation, high water-binding capacity, thickening, colloidal function, and adhesion/cohesion. Gum arabic (GA), a key hydrocolloid used in pastille manufacture, works as a stabilizer and fat emulsifier. The main objective of this study was to ascertain the effect of gum arabic and gelatine substitution on the physicochemical properties, antioxidant activity and sensory acceptability of halal watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) pastille. pH analysis, total soluble solid (TSS), texture profile analysis (TPA), colour, water activity (aw), melting point, calorie content, antioxidant activity by 2,2- diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), mineral content, proximate composition as well as sensory acceptability test were conducted on five different samples {A (0%GA:16%G); B (4%GA:12%G); C (8%GA:8%G); D (12%GA:4%G); and E (16%GA:0%G), respectively. The ideal formulation in terms of physicochemical qualities, antioxidant activity, and sensory acceptance was a sample with 12% gum arabic and 4% gelatine. Also, high antioxidant activity (44.72±3.76), low fat content (0.44 ± 0.27%) and calories (3054.23 ± 6.55cal/g) compared to other samples. The crude fibre and carbohydrate, which were (1.14 ± 0.08%) and (70.68%) were an advantage of this sample as both nutrients are essential in food due to their role to absorb water, assist in intestinal transit and provide roughage for the bowel. The sensory test that the 12% gum arabic and 4% of gelatine sample was most accepted compared to other samples. Gum arabic is a halal substance that can be recommended to produce gelatine alternatives in the pharmaceutical and food industries.","PeriodicalId":12715,"journal":{"name":"global journal al thaqafah","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86750070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Food Safety Issues of Formalin Use in Fresh Fish in Malaysia and Its Relationship with the Toyyiba Halal Concept","authors":"Nor Suhanna, A., Farahwahida, M.Y., Harisun, Y.","doi":"10.7187/gjatsi072023-13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7187/gjatsi072023-13","url":null,"abstract":"Eating food that has safe and nutritious characteristics is very important to maintain the health and vitality of the body. Fish and products derived from fish are rich in nutrients and are in high demand around the world. There is an issue of using formalin on fresh fish to extend the freshness period, as reported in Malaysia as well as globally. According to the Malaysian Food Act 1983 and World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines, the use of formalin on fresh fish is prohibited. Formalin is categorized as a group 1 carcinogen, which means there are studies that prove formalin causes cancer in humans. However, studies related to the safety of formalin use on fresh fish and its relationship with the concept of halalan toyyiba have not been reported before. In order to achieve the objectives of this study, the researcher used a qualitative method through a content analysis approach by referring to literature related to the safety of formalin according to food science and the concept of food safety according to an Islamic perspective. The results of the study found that there are reports of the use of formalin on fresh fish in Malaysia. Through evaluation from the point of view of halal toyyib and proven by Science, the use of formalin chemicals in food does not meet the characteristics of toyyib because it contains risks to human health and violates the Malaysian Food Act 1983.","PeriodicalId":12715,"journal":{"name":"global journal al thaqafah","volume":"69 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86804480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Application of SURF Algorithm on JAKIM’s Halal Logo Detection","authors":"N. Hasan, F. N. Jamrus, F. Sains, Komputer dan, Matematik","doi":"10.7187/gjatsi072023-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7187/gjatsi072023-2","url":null,"abstract":"Halal logo plays an important role in influencing Muslim consumer’s level of confidence in the Halal status of a product. However, certified Halal logo can be easily manipulated. Besides, detecting and recognizing the credibility of the logo is visually challenging without any computer-vision assistance. Therefore, an automated system is indeed in need to detect and verify the authenticity of the logo. This study proposed the application of Speeded Up Robust Features (SURF) algorithm in detecting various images of Halal logo, which then was matched with the reference image of certified Halal logo by JAKIM. Accuracy rate of the detected image was then calculated. A total of 100 images of certified logo and fake Halal logo gathered from various resources were used. Testing set which are independent of the training set were used and managed to attain 85.71% of accuracy rate. The experiments show that the proposed method achieved the desirably good result and was able to be at par with other existing methods.","PeriodicalId":12715,"journal":{"name":"global journal al thaqafah","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90051263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial Neural Network in the Development of Halal Cosmetic Formulation Containing Okara","authors":"Farrah Payyadhah, B., Siti Salwa, A. G, Noorul Huda, S.","doi":"10.7187/gjatsi072023-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7187/gjatsi072023-4","url":null,"abstract":"The development of halal cosmetic formulations presents a challenge to obtain optimised formulations with desirable qualities as it involves many ingredients. The advancement of cosmetic technologies employs multivariate statistical techniques such as artificial neural networks (ANN) to optimise cosmetic formulation, which aims to overcome the shortcomings of traditional formulation methods, which are laborious and cumbersome. Okara is a by-product of the production of soy-based products. Okara has been found to have numerous benefits for many industries and has been discovered as a promising halal cosmetic ingredient. Okara is a plant-derived ingredient; it can be incorporated as a cosmetic ingredient if essential aspects of production are addressed, such as using permissible substances, manufacturing, storage, packaging, and delivery following Shariah requirements. This study aims to develop an optimised halal cosmetic soap formulation containing okara using ANN to achieve the desired hardness of the soap. The influential input variables were the main compositions of the okara soap formulations, containing different fatty acids and oils, and okara through a saponification process. In contrast, the hardness (N) of the soap was the response used as the output. Five different algorithms trained ANN. Generic Algorithm (GA) 6-09-1 was selected as the final optimum model to optimise the halal cosmetic soap formulation. GA modelling was further validated, and the experimentally obtained actual hardness (N) value was close to the predicted value. In conclusion, they were optimised formulating using ANN to produce a soap with desirable properties better than those of commercial ones.","PeriodicalId":12715,"journal":{"name":"global journal al thaqafah","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88697589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors That Drive Consumers to Purchase Halal Goods Online","authors":"Amal Hayati Ishak, Nur Aliah Mohamad Azman, Siti Khadijah Ab Manan","doi":"10.7187/gjatsi072023-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7187/gjatsi072023-6","url":null,"abstract":"Online purchase is easy and intriguing but often criticized for the risks of misleading attributes from the advertised products, ambiguous ingredients, unclear of halal status, overrated quality, overpricing issues, scams, delayed delivery and other related issues. However, with the limited physical activities due to the Movement Control Order (MCO) during the COVID-19 pandemic, online purchase is gaining popularity. Hence, this study investigates the factors influencing the public to purchase online. Underpinned by the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and the marketing mix, four variables are selected for the quantitative survey. The collected data were analyzed using correlation and regression analysis. According to the findings, all variables; convenience, price, trust, and product quality- have a significant relationship with online purchase, with quality being the most influential factor motivating the public to continue purchasing online. The findings indicate that online purchase is captivating and outweighs the probable disappointing risks.","PeriodicalId":12715,"journal":{"name":"global journal al thaqafah","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74149853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Halal Auditing Challenges: A Case Study on Auditors in Jabatan Hal Ehwal Agama Islam Kelantan (JAHEAIK)","authors":"Nur Hafizah Harun, Nurzulaikha Che Ibrahim, Mohd Zaid bin Daud","doi":"10.7187/gjatsi072023-11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7187/gjatsi072023-11","url":null,"abstract":"Currently, Halal certification received the highest acceptance, especially in the food industry in Malaysia. Modern food production involving packaging, novel foods, Genetic Modification Organisms (GMOs), and newly developed food preservatives like additives, emulsifiers, conditioners, and stabilizers have become more critical in food ingredients. The lack of knowledge and exposure among the halal auditors in this modern food production leads to an issue towards the reliability of the audit process. Thus, this research aims to identify the challenges faced by the halal auditors in Jabatan Hal Ehwal Agama Islam Kelantan (JAHEAIK) from the scope of halal audits. This research used the qualitative method through in-depth interviews and applied the content and thematic analysis from published material, articles, and journals. Findings from the discussion highlighted two internal challenges: documentation and raw material/ingredients. The result of this research exposed the challenges that deem the area of problems available in the scope of the halal audit and three other external obstacles out of the scope of the halal audit, such as customer issues, lack of equipment, and time allocation. The suggestions and recommendations of this research also improve and overcome the challenges among the halal auditors.","PeriodicalId":12715,"journal":{"name":"global journal al thaqafah","volume":"139 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79897029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Barriers of Integration Halal Assurance System and Quality Management System","authors":"S. D. Puspaningtyas, S. Sucipto, Imam Santoso","doi":"10.7187/gjatsi072027-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7187/gjatsi072027-3","url":null,"abstract":"Muslim consumers need products with halal status and good quality. Halal products are obtained if the company implements the Halal Assurance System (HAS). Good quality products are one of the results of implementing a Quality Management System (QMS). HAS and QMS can be integrated because of the similarities in the basic principles. The integration of the two systems provides benefits for the company, such as increasing performance, reducing documentation, reducing costs which lead to efficiency and effectiveness of the company, increasing consumer confidence, and a good corporate image. This study discusses the integration barriers of HAS and QMS using Interpretive Structural Modelling (ISM) and Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process (FAHP) methods. ISM was used to determine the key barriers, while FAHP prioritized barriers in HAS and QMS integration. Barrier integration of HAS and QMS consisted of resources, technical implementation, attitudes, guidelines, economics, and regulations. Each barrier consisted of sub-barriers which will be discussed further in this paper. Questionnaires and focus group discussions are used for data collection. The ISM result showed that regulations and guidance are the key barriers to integration. FAHP showed that the absence of international halal standards was the main sub-barrier and should be resolved immediately. The Prioritization showed the urgency of barriers and sub-barrier that need to be resolved immediately so the integration of HAS and QMS can be adequately implemented.","PeriodicalId":12715,"journal":{"name":"global journal al thaqafah","volume":"199 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75534933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Legitimizing Ar-Rahnu Through Tawarruq: What Practitioners Have to Say","authors":"N. Bahari, Zurina Shafii, Mustafa Mohd Hanefah","doi":"10.7187/gjat122022-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7187/gjat122022-5","url":null,"abstract":"Effective February 2020, all Ar-Rahnu providers were required to streamline their existing products to the new ar-rahn structure based on the Islamic contract bay al tawarruq and rahn. The action was taken in response to the decision made by the Shariah Advisory Council (SAC) of Bank Negara Malaysia (BNM) where they claim that the practise of ar-rahn violates the shariah rules as outlined in the Rahn Policy (BNM, 2019). Nevertheless, the BNM enforcement was effective only for IBs or any institutions governed by the central bank and was not applicable to Ar-Rahnu cooperatives. Recent studies indicate that few studies have addressed the implementation of the new ar-rahn structure, and almost no inductive research has been conducted to seek feedback from Ar-Rahnu cooperatives' practioners related to the current changes in the ar-rahn scheme. This paper attempts to obtain views from cooperative members on this particular issue. Furthermore, this study compares the practise of the former ar-rahn scheme with the new alternative ar-rahn. A case study design was employed, and data was obtained through interviews and document review. Emergent findings from the interviews reveal that the majority of Ar-Rahnu cooperatives have adapted to the new ar-rahn scheme. However, Ar-Rahnu cooperatives faced several challenges in realising this new structure. Support from the regulator and management of the cooperatives could expedite the implementation of the new ar-rahn structure, thus enhancing the adherence to shariah. This study contributes to the body of knowledge in Ar-Rahnu and has significant implications for policymakers, customers, and cooperatives.","PeriodicalId":12715,"journal":{"name":"global journal al thaqafah","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86852127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tell the Truth or Keep Silent: A Critical Study of Ethical Advertising Through Malaysian Advertising Self-Regulation System","authors":"Noor Hanan Mohd Jafar, Hamedi Mohd Adnan","doi":"10.7187/gjat122022-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7187/gjat122022-2","url":null,"abstract":"Consumers are often subjected to various forms of non-ethical content, such as over-claiming, misleading facts and advertisers' misleading promises. When advertising contains offensive information, it may cause harm to the consumers relying upon it. Moral conflicts arise when advertisements lose their informative value and become merely propaganda for the profit of products and services. Advertisers easily produce advertisements displaying a culture that is not appropriate according to the morality principles of the nation. This paper discusses Malaysia's framework for self-regulation to control the safety of consumers and the obligation of professionals to help consumers from the perspectives of the truthfulness value of the advertising content and authenticity values of the advertisers. This study aims to examine how Malaysia's self-regulation system embraces the principles of truthfulness and authenticity in their messages. The data were obtained from five (5) Malaysian Advertisement Self-regulations (MASR) model through content analysis. The software NVivo 12 is used to conduct themes and sub-themes. The findings indicate an increasing prevalence on the values of truthfulness but do not stress the authenticity values when assessing the concepts that must be considered in the advertising field to reduce adverse commercial issues.","PeriodicalId":12715,"journal":{"name":"global journal al thaqafah","volume":"125 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86423201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating Islamic Ruling and the Medical Concept: A Study of the Hermaphrodite Inheritance","authors":"Raouane Azziz, R. F. Jailani, Mualimin MOCHAMMAD SAHID","doi":"10.7187/gjat122022-11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7187/gjat122022-11","url":null,"abstract":"Determining the gender of the heirs is important in the ruling of Islamic inheritance. Hence, Muslim jurists made efforts in determining the gender of hermaphrodites. Taking the safer position, the common practice is for the inheritance to be divided into two: the greater part of the share is withheld and the lesser portion is given out to the hermaphroditic inheritors along with their heirs until their gender is certified. This typically leads to disagreements among the jurists, hence, subsequently leading to a tedious process of certification. This protracted disagreement combined with a much prolonged certification process may harm the inheritors’ right due to the delay in judgement. This research aims to define the biological identity of a hermaphrodite and determine his sex according to the medical concept, as well as integrating the methods adopted by Muslim scholars to solve the issue of hermaphrodite inheritance. Both descriptive and analytical approaches are used in ensuring accurate knowledge transfer and trust in attribution. This research has found that the medical definition of a hermaphrodite is the most accurate and the most correct to end the dispute when dividing inheritance. Hence, this opens a wider area for further research that relies on medical information as evidence to be taken when studying Islamic legal rulings in ensuring the cohesion of society by preserving the rights of its members and maintaining their material and moral properties.","PeriodicalId":12715,"journal":{"name":"global journal al thaqafah","volume":"111 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77137892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}