Philosophy of Globalization最新文献

{"title":"The Places of Critical Universalism: Postcolonial and Decolonial Approaches in Context","authors":"Omar Acha","doi":"10.1515/9783110492415-008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110492415-008","url":null,"abstract":"This paper argues that the validity of universalism in the era of global capitalism does not imply a smooth, undifferentiated spatiality, in which particularity is eliminated. The contemporary systemic logic is reproduced in places where the universal and the particular are dialectized. This new dynamic raises the possibility of a critical universalism capable of evading the objection to Eurocentrism. In order to elaborate the conditions of critical universalism, I consider the debates on postcolonial studies, the proposed decolonial option in Latin America and the discussions that it raises.","PeriodicalId":126664,"journal":{"name":"Philosophy of Globalization","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121675917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Theory and Practice of Historical Writing in Times of Globalization","authors":"Daniel Brauer","doi":"10.1515/9783110492415-029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110492415-029","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, radical changes have taken place to the ways of thinking of historical writing, its methodology and its meaning as a specific field of knowledge. These changes are connected with the historical situation of which it is itself a part, and are also concerned both with a dispute within the discipline and with the current ethical-political debates that cannot accurately be removed from attempts to better understand today’s world. As part of these changes, we are faced with a radical review of historiographical paradigms. These changes concern not only the practice of historical writing, but also the role of history as a source of political legitimation and as a way in which individuals understand their belonging and commitment to the political-institutional frameworks within which they lead their lives. Like no other human science, history is an essentially interdisciplinary field whose boundaries are hard to define. Its repertoire of concepts not only has to do with the detailed and documented empirical reconstruction of what happened—it also has an interdependent relationship with other social disciplines concerning the topics involved in each case, so that any innovations in the theories of those disciplines have an impact on historical narratives (just as historical reconstructions can help to test and reconfigure them). On the other hand, historiography itself is also situated in a historical context, which it tries to understand simultaneously with shaping its concepts. The normative dimension of the historical account concerns not only the values a historian shares with her contemporaries, but also the secular role of history as a source of legitimation of power and of the identity policies for civic education. The changes in this role also entail modifications to the way individuals understand their belonging and commitment to the political-institutional frameworks within which they lead their lives. While recent debate in historical theory has revolved around two main themes —namely, the narrative structure of historical discourse and what we might call the ‘memory paradigm’—with globalization (and the thematization thereof in the context of the new ‘global history’), we enter a postnarrativist stage of the debate, in Daniel Brauer, Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA) / Centro de Investigaciones Filosóficas (CIF) OpenAccess. © 2018 Daniel Brauer, published by De Gruyter. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110492415-029 Unauthenticated Download Date | 5/28/19 3:26 AM which, as regards the first theme, the empirical character of historical research is recovered. In this way, it becomes possible to exit the blind alley of historiography understood as a purely linguistic construction, consisting in a matrix of timeless rhetorical and narrative devices, independent of any cognitive claim. As regards the second theme, by placing history in","PeriodicalId":126664,"journal":{"name":"Philosophy of Globalization","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131261045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hospitality, Coercion and Peace in Kant","authors":"Efraín Lazos","doi":"10.1515/9783110492415-024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110492415-024","url":null,"abstract":": In this essay, I discuss Kant ’ s right of hospitality in Toward Perpetual Peace. In the proposed reading, the right of hospitality protects foreigners from the xenophobic practices of the locals, while protecting the locals from the colonial practices of foreigners. The main question guiding this paper is whether hospitality is for Kant a moral injunction calling for a ‘ humane ’ treatment of foreigners; or whether it is rather a right senso strictu — namely, one that entails full coercive authority against violations. I argue that once the con-nections between the dilemma of coercion and the so-called ‘ institutionalization dilemma ’ are properly understood, they may be resolved in favor of the first op-tion, namely, coercion. Additionally, by examining the notions of non-central-ized coercion and transnational political participation, this paper explores a way to match hospitality ’ s need of coercion with Kant ’ s federalist proposal. to decisive some-how grounded in our common humanity, or is it strict right, coercive norm to which individuals, groups, and — notice — autonomous political entities are subject? This interrogation is the subject of this essay.","PeriodicalId":126664,"journal":{"name":"Philosophy of Globalization","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133603280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Jesuit Mission and the Globalization of Knowledge of the Americas: Florian Paucke’s Hin und Her in the Province of ‘Paraquaria’ During the Eighteenth Century","authors":"M. Carrasco","doi":"10.1515/9783110492415-016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110492415-016","url":null,"abstract":"This article addresses the early globalization phase of the Jesuit Order in America through Florian Paucke’s work Hin und Her.1 Special attention is given to the analysis of the field of tensions underlying the proto-globalization processes of the Spanish empire and the frontier mission, for which three narrative components are considered: ‘Paraquaria’2 and the cartography of the spiritual ‘mission’; a reflection on intercultural stereotypes (indigenous, Spaniards and Germans); and the deconstruction of the autonomist myth of Nicolás I, King of Paraguay. In current research, the history of globalization and its accelerated impact on the economic, political, sociological, juridical and technological sciences, among others, demonstrates the multidisciplinary resonances that this category has attained—not solely in the scholarly field, but also in everyday speech. Thus, the complexity of the components that converge in the conceptualization of globalI am grateful to my colleagues José Carlos Rovira, Claudia Comes and Eva Valero Juan for their kind invitation to take part in the conference “América y los jesuitas expulsos” (Centro de Estudios Literarios Iberoamericanos Mario Benedetti, Universidad de Alicante, September 2015), at which I presented a first version of this article. In addition, I thank Sina Rauschenbach, Roberto Aedo, Enrique Corredera Nilsson and Settimio Presutto for their critical reading and bibliographic recommendations. This article was translated by David Sánchez Cano.  Hereafter, whenever referring to Hin und Her I will quote from the 1959 edition of the ZwettlerCodex 420 and abbreviate these references as HH (see bibliography for an explanation of the abbreviations used).  According to Becker (1987, p. 233, note 15), the province of ‘Paraquaria’ (equally archaic variants of which are ‘Paraquiaria’ or ‘Paracuaria’) included all the territory of the present-day states of Argentina, Paraguay, Uruguay, Chile, southern Brazil, and adjoining parts of Bolivia. In 1625, Chile was separated from the Province of Paraquaria and made a Sub-Province of the","PeriodicalId":126664,"journal":{"name":"Philosophy of Globalization","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124026223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Philosophical History at the Cusp of Globalization: Scottish Enlightenment Reflections on Colonial Spanish America","authors":"N. Miller","doi":"10.1515/9783110492415-015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110492415-015","url":null,"abstract":"This article contributes to the evaluation of how historical philosophers of the Age of Enlightenment reflected upon incipient processes and forces of globalization. Drawing upon assessments of colonial Spanish America by late eighteenth-century Scottish philosophical historians, including William Robertson, Lord Kames, John Millar, Adam Smith and David Hume, the article considers the challenges Enlightenment-era thinkers encountered in balancing universal accounts of mankind with extensive human difference in a context particularly defined by European-managed trade and migration flows. By emphasizing the challenges that individual philosophical historians confronted in narrating processes of cultural and national change in the Americas during the early modern period, this article reveals a core tension between two basic components of Enlightenment-era historiography: national character and progress. The ‘discovery’ of the New World has long been heralded as an epochal event. Thinkers from the sixteenth century onwards judged it a sacred historical milestone. Spanish historian Francisco López de Gómara [c.1511—c.1566] went so far as to declare it “the greatest thing since the creation of the world, excluding the Incarnation and the death of He who created it” (Gómara 1552, dedication; Burke 1995, pp. 40–41). In the eighteenth century, Adam Smith recast this narrative in terms of global trading relations, naming this discovery as one of the “two greatest and most important events recorded in the history of mankind” (Smith 1776, vol. 2, p. 235), the other being the Portuguese rounding of the Cape of Good Hope. He likewise drew upon circulating early modern paradigms in designating ‘the sacred thirst of gold’ as the force “that carried Cortez to Mexico, and Almagro and Pizarro to Chili [sic] and Peru” (Smith 1776, vol. 2, p. 154). Smith situated the discovery and conquest of the New World as landmark events in the initiation of mercantile globalization, both being driven on by the rapacious desire of Europeans for profit. Yet other Enlightenment thinkers remained compelled by the events as watersheds in the global spread of Christianity. During the Nicholas B. Miller, Universität Potsdam (UP) / Universidade de Lisboa OpenAccess. © 2018 Nicholas B. Miller, published by De Gruyter. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110492415-015 1760s and 1770s, the clerical historian William Robertson, Smith’s friend and associate in Edinburgh, engaged in a systematic attempt to appraise the history of the New World as one of the planting of European social, cultural and religious forms overseas. First published in 1777 in two volumes as the History of America, Robertson’s work placed its attention particularly on “the most splendid portion of the American story”: that of “the discovery of the New World, and of the progress of the Spanish arms and colonies there” (Robertso","PeriodicalId":126664,"journal":{"name":"Philosophy of Globalization","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126682491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Metaphysics of Globalization in Heidegger","authors":"Marco Kleber","doi":"10.1515/9783110492415-027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110492415-027","url":null,"abstract":"By referring to Heidegger’s understanding of metaphysics in his later philosophy, a fundamental relationship between the tradition of metaphysical thinking and the globalization of the principles of modernity may be considered. Both metaphysics and globalization share the same concept of world, which since the beginnings of modernity is understood as the accessibility of beings in their entirety. The principles of modernity—such as world-accessibility, quantification, energy-funding, accumulation and dominance—are grounded in a metaphysical understanding of the human condition that is characterized by the subject-object division. This metaphysical understanding of the man-world relationship is considered to be the deeper rationale of all essential phenomena of the modern age—such as philosophy, technology, natural science, economy, politics of power, and even humanism—which all tend to globalize their fundamental principles. Investigating the Heideggerian criticisms of metaphysics helps in understanding the deeper meaning of the notion of ‘world’, as this term is used in the discourse about globalization. Globalization and the concept of world Metaphysics is in all its forms and historical stages a unique but perhaps necessary, fate of the West and the presupposition of its planetary dominance. The will of that planetary dominance is now in turn affecting the center of the West. (Heidegger 1973, p. 90) Here, Heidegger connects the planetary dominance of the western hemisphere (the globalization that originates from within Europe in the context of western imperialism and colonialism, but which became a connected systemic order and, therefore, turns back affecting its center) with a certain ‘way of thinking’—‘metaphysics’—that is meant to be the presupposition and deeper rationale of global modernity.What metaphysics and globalization do have in common is precisely this ‘will to domination’. Metaphysics ‘as philosophy’ is a discourse about what is meta, ‘over’ the physis; the certain beings in the world, and about what is ‘transcendent’ to those beings (Heidegger 1998, p. 93). What goes beyond the certain ‘beings in’ the world was interpreted by the tradition Marco Kleber, Technische Universität Dresden (TUD) OpenAccess. © 2018 Marco Kleber, published by De Gruyter. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110492415-027 Unauthenticated Download Date | 5/28/19 3:15 PM of metaphysical thinking as ‘the world itself ’—the ‘totality’ of all beings. “‘World’ serves, here, as a name for beings in their entirety.” (Heidegger 2002, p. 67) Since its beginnings in ancient philosophy, metaphysics has given thought to this totality called ‘world’, and, by doing so, attempted to subordinate the totality of beings to this thinking, to make it accessible to human thought. Otherwise, metaphysics would not have been able to think about beings in their entirety, and, if so, there","PeriodicalId":126664,"journal":{"name":"Philosophy of Globalization","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129210811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radical and Moderate Enlightenment? The Case of Diderot and Kant","authors":"R. R. Aramayo","doi":"10.1515/9783110492415-023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110492415-023","url":null,"abstract":": I propose the hypothesis that, just as Hume woke him from his dogmatic slumber, and Rousseau revealed the universe of morality to him, Diderot left his mark on the political philosophy of Kant (as George Cavallar and Sankar Muthu note) upon detecting the coincidences between the two authors regarding their cosmopolitanism and anti-i.mperialism. Here, I begin with the distinction between a radical Enlightenment and a moderate Enlightenment, in order to show that in Kant both tendencies could have coexisted; which would explain the different readings of his thought, as is borne witness to by Heine ’ s famous parable or Kant ’ s continual dialogue with Spinoza. Despite having very different styles, the Kant of the 1790s could have been strongly influenced by the anonymous Diderot of the Encyclopédie or the History of the Two Indies. It seems quite clear that the critique of colonialism of Diderot-Raynal could have had a notable influence on the Kant of that decade — he of Theory and Praxis , Perpetual Peace , The Conflict of the Faculties and the Doctrine of Right (that is, the second part of the Metaphysics of Morals ). Die","PeriodicalId":126664,"journal":{"name":"Philosophy of Globalization","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114325219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Critical Global Studies and Planetary History: New Perspectives on the Enlightenment","authors":"Iwan-Michelangelo D'Aprile","doi":"10.1515/9783110492415-025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110492415-025","url":null,"abstract":": Though doing so invites methodological problems, the concept of ‘ the Enlightenment ’ is nevertheless in need of widening: it can no longer be reduced to any one historical period; nor can it be restricted to Europe. As a process of rationalization, scientification, technification, secularization, or democratiza-tion, forms of Enlightenment can be identified in many periods and regions. I wish to argue here that an expanded meaning opens up opportunities for an enhanced and interdisciplinary Enlightenment research. On the basis of two recent approaches to the Enlightenment — by Felicity A. Nussbaum and Dipesh Chakrabarty — I will try to show the interdependency of period and process notions, and ponder the ways in which they inform one another. A combined reading of both approaches shows how they might serve as models for a specific form of interdisciplinary global history in the heritage of the Enlightenment.","PeriodicalId":126664,"journal":{"name":"Philosophy of Globalization","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131609801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Globalization, Inequalities and Justice","authors":"Elisabetta Di Castro","doi":"10.1515/9783110492415-010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110492415-010","url":null,"abstract":"The considerable inequities and exclusions that exist in our globalized world call for a global framework to deal with them. In particular, the problem of methodological nationalism, citizenship and exclusion from the entitlement to many basic rights (both social and political) in national constitutions is stressed. The consolidation of a global institution (or network of institutions) is presented as necessary; one that, overcoming the discrimination between person and citizen, might watch over and defend fundamental rights, enabling them to become effective rights for all persons, irrespective of the place where they were born and the place where they happen to be. The aim of a just distribution not only of wealth but, in general, of the benefits that globalization has to offer requires institutional reforms that depend on a renewed perspective of global constitutionalism. This in turn demands a new approach leaving behind the confrontation between uniform universalist visions and closed multiculturalisms. Globalization is one of the most controversial phenomena of the contemporary world. Since the end of the last century, it has been regarded by some as a source of prosperity of nations; others, by contrast, see it as the origin of new inequalities between and within nations, hence as fostering global injustice. Yet others view it as a space of power, negotiation and cooperation for the construction of a new global order. We cannot conceive of the development of globalization without the scientific-technological revolution that required a redesigning of nation states, whose frontiers were being eroded as a result of the development of digital information and communication technologies (Castells 1996). These gave rise to information flows and knowledge networks that surpassed the territorial controls of states, and these, in order to maintain their international competitiveness and quotas of power in the world system, had to opt for the formation of regional blocs. Hence, the world was restructured with growing international economic interdependence and an increasing differentiation in development between regions. In the final decades of the twentieth century, the division of global power between two parts—capitalist and socialist—became a thing of the past and, although the United States has continued to exert a strong presence, other imporElisabetta Di Castro, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM) OpenAccess. © 2018 Elisabetta Di Castro, published by De Gruyter. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110492415-010 tant nuclei of power have emerged. Likewise the East-West conflict took on new characteristics and was joined by a new disjunction: the North-South divide (Kennedy, 1993 and 2008). The nation states were obliged to promote the liberalization of national markets in goods and services, as well as liberalizing their financial systems, al","PeriodicalId":126664,"journal":{"name":"Philosophy of Globalization","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132999250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Globalization and Modernity in Marx and Postone","authors":"F. Martín","doi":"10.1515/9783110492415-026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110492415-026","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":126664,"journal":{"name":"Philosophy of Globalization","volume":"73 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125154084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}