{"title":"Role of Natural Killer T Cells in Cardiac Remodeling and Failure and the Development of Novel Therapeutic Strategy.","authors":"Hiroyuki Tsutsui","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chronic inflammation in the myocardium is involved in the development of left ventricular (LV)\u0000remodeling and failure after myocardial infarction (MI). Invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells have\u0000been shown to produce inflammatory cytokines and orchestrate tissue inflammation. However, no\u0000previous studies have determined the pathophysiological role of iNKT cells in post-MI LV remodeling.\u0000We thus examined whether the activation of iNKT cells might affect the development of LV\u0000remodeling and failure. After creation of MI, mice received the injection of either a-galactosylceramide\u0000(aGC), the activator of iNKT cells, or phosphate-buffered saline 1 and 4 days after surgery, and\u0000were followed during 28 days. Survival rate was significantly higher in MI +aGC than MI + PBS. LV\u0000cavity dilatation and dysfunction were significantly attenuated inMI +aGC, despite comparable infarct\u0000size, accompanied by a decrease in myocyte hypertrophy, interstitial fibrosis, and apoptosis. The\u0000infiltration of iNKT cells were increased during early phase in noninfarcted LV from MI and aGC\u0000further enhanced them. It also enhanced LV interleukin (IL)-10 gene expression at 7 days, which\u0000persisted until 28 days. AntiIL-10 receptor antibody abrogated these protective effects of aGC on MI\u0000remodeling. The administration of aGC into iNKT cell-deficient Ja18(-/-) mice had no such effects,\u0000suggesting that aGC was a specific activator of iNKT cells. iNKT cells play a protective role against\u0000post-MI LV remodeling and failure through the enhanced expression of cardioprotective cytokines\u0000such as IL-10.</p>","PeriodicalId":12665,"journal":{"name":"Fukuoka igaku zasshi = Hukuoka acta medica","volume":"107 10","pages":"177-84"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35240049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Theoretical Models of Vascular Pattern Formation.","authors":"Takashi Miura","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pattern formation of vascular structure has been extensively studied in vascular biology. Classically\u0000the pattern formation process falls into three categories-vasculogenesis, angiogenesis and remodeling.\u0000Mathematical modeling study of these phenomena has been done byrelatively independent of\u0000experimental works by applied mathematicians, and not well understood by experimental biologists. In\u0000this review I provide intuitive explanations of proposed theoretical models and recent advance in\u0000modelling study of vascular development.</p>","PeriodicalId":12665,"journal":{"name":"Fukuoka igaku zasshi = Hukuoka acta medica","volume":"107 9","pages":"161-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35328597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Interaction between Viral Proteins and Mitochondria.","authors":"Takuma Yoshizumi, Kai Yasukawa, Takumi Koshiba","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recent advances reveal that mitochondria are not limited to functioning only as the cellular\u0000powerhouse and in apoptosis, but that they act as central hubs for multiple signal transductions.\u0000Studies over the last decade indicate that mitochondria in vertebrates are involved in the front line of\u0000host defense, especially against RNA viruses. Mitochondrial-mediated antiviral innate immunity\u0000depends on activation of the retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I)-like receptors signal transduction\u0000pathway, and the mitochondrial surface acts as a platform for the assembly of signaling molecules,\u0000including mitochondrial antiviral signaling (MAVS) during the process. Some viral encoded proteins\u0000target to the mitochondria post-infection, however, thereby evading the cellular immune response.\u0000Here we review specific interactions between mitochondria and viral proteins and discuss their\u0000physiologic effects on the host cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":12665,"journal":{"name":"Fukuoka igaku zasshi = Hukuoka acta medica","volume":"107 8","pages":"148-54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35328593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A case of Basaloid Follicular Hamartoma.","authors":"Yuko Usagawa, Chikage Mitoma, Takamichiet Ito, Saori Ito, Hiromaro Kiryu, Hiroshi Uchi, Masutaka Furue","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We here describe a case of solitary basaloid follicular hamartoma (BFH) : the case developing in\u0000company with senile lentigo on the nose. BFH is a relatively rare benign follicular neoplasm of\u0000undetermined etiology. Histologically, the specimen consisted of small-sized squamoid or basaloid cells\u0000and follicular germ-like cells in the periphery of the tumor nests. There were no infundibular cysts.\u0000BFH should be differentiated from infundibulocystic basal cell carcinoma (BCC), which consists of\u0000squamoid or basaloid cells in company with infundibular cysts, tumor of follicular infundibulum or\u0000trichoepithelioma. We analyzed the immunohistochemical findings of the case in comparison with\u0000those of BCC and trichoepithelioma. An immunohistochemical examination revealed 1) that Bcl-2 and\u0000CD10 was preferentially expressed in the outermost cells in the tumor nests consisting of follicular\u0000germ-like cells, 2) that most of the tumor cells, especially germ-like cells, were strongly positive for\u0000Ber-EP4, and 3) that peritumoral stroma was positive for CD34. The immunohistochemical findings of\u0000our cases supported that BFH should be differentiated from BCC, a common malignant neoplasm.</p>","PeriodicalId":12665,"journal":{"name":"Fukuoka igaku zasshi = Hukuoka acta medica","volume":"107 8","pages":"155-60"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35328594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Y. Yamashita, T. Yoshizumi, T. Ikegami, H. Uchiyama, E. Tsujita, S. Itoh, N. Harimoto, Y. Soejima, A. Taketomi, H. Baba, Y. Maehara
{"title":"Inquiries About Biomarkers of Acute Liver Failure in Patients Who Underwent Living Donor Liver Transplantation Using a Protein Chip Array.","authors":"Y. Yamashita, T. Yoshizumi, T. Ikegami, H. Uchiyama, E. Tsujita, S. Itoh, N. Harimoto, Y. Soejima, A. Taketomi, H. Baba, Y. Maehara","doi":"10.15017/1784634","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15017/1784634","url":null,"abstract":"The causative agent of hepatic encephalopathy (HE) has not been identified with certainty. The\u0000recovery of consciousness in patients with acute liver failure (ALF) who underwent liver\u0000transplantation (LT) is sometimes drastic ; therefore, we thought that the causative agents of HE\u0000would change markedly peri-operatively in these patients. We examined the biomarkers including\u0000new agents in the serum of patients using the ProteinChip® System 4000 (Ciphergen Biosystems,\u0000Yokohama, JAPAN). Sixteen samples were obtained from four patients with ALF who underwent living donor LT\u0000(LDLT) at four time points ; pre-operative, one post-operative day (1POD), 3POD, and 7POD. We used\u0000three chips made by the Biomek2000 robot. All duplicated samples were assayed and analyzed using\u0000the CiphergenExpressTM data manager. We divided the peri-operative changes in the intensity of\u0000identified peaks into seven patterns. The number of peaks whose intensity shows significant changes\u0000peri-operatively reached 755. Of course, it is difficult to determine each structure in all 755 peaks ; therefore, we should narrow\u0000down the candidates for causative agents of HE in further studies. Our own results suggest that many\u0000difficulties lie ahead in determining the causative agent of HE.","PeriodicalId":12665,"journal":{"name":"Fukuoka igaku zasshi = Hukuoka acta medica","volume":"19 1","pages":"131-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82515362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Inquiries About Biomarkers of Acute Liver Failure in Patients Who Underwent Living Donor Liver Transplantation Using a Protein Chip Array.","authors":"Yo-ichi Yamashita, Tomoharu Yoshizumi, Toru Ikegami, Hideaki Uchiyama, Eiji Tsujita, Shinji Itoh, Norifumi Harimoto, Yuji Soejima, Akinobu Taketomi, Hideo Baba, Yoshihiko Maehara","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The causative agent of hepatic encephalopathy (HE) has not been identified with certainty. The\u0000recovery of consciousness in patients with acute liver failure (ALF) who underwent liver\u0000transplantation (LT) is sometimes drastic ; therefore, we thought that the causative agents of HE\u0000would change markedly peri-operatively in these patients. We examined the biomarkers including\u0000new agents in the serum of patients using the ProteinChip® System 4000 (Ciphergen Biosystems,\u0000Yokohama, JAPAN). Sixteen samples were obtained from four patients with ALF who underwent living donor LT\u0000(LDLT) at four time points ; pre-operative, one post-operative day (1POD), 3POD, and 7POD. We used\u0000three chips made by the Biomek2000 robot. All duplicated samples were assayed and analyzed using\u0000the CiphergenExpressTM data manager. We divided the peri-operative changes in the intensity of\u0000identified peaks into seven patterns. The number of peaks whose intensity shows significant changes\u0000peri-operatively reached 755. Of course, it is difficult to determine each structure in all 755 peaks ; therefore, we should narrow\u0000down the candidates for causative agents of HE in further studies. Our own results suggest that many\u0000difficulties lie ahead in determining the causative agent of HE.</p>","PeriodicalId":12665,"journal":{"name":"Fukuoka igaku zasshi = Hukuoka acta medica","volume":"107 7","pages":"131-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35329766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Case of a Cardiopulmonary Arrest Due to Postoperative Subglottic Stenosis Developed on the Second Day after Lung Surgery.","authors":"Tomonari Shimagaki, Tatsuro Okamoto, Yosuke Morodomi, Fumihiro Shoji, Takaki Akamine, Shinkichi Takamori, Masakazu Katsura, Kazuki Takada, Yuzo Suzuki, Takatoshi Fujishita, Kengo Hayamizu, Kentaro Tokuda, Mitsuhiro Yasuda, Yoshihiko Maehara","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We experienced a case of the cardiopulmonary arrest due to subglottic stenosis developed on the\u0000second day after lung cancer surgery. Case : A 73-year-old female who was diagnosed with primary\u0000lung cancer was referred to our department for surgery. The second day after left lung\u0000segmentectomy, she showed respiratory discomfort symptoms and exhibited hoarseness and stridor,\u0000which were revealed as the subglottic stenosis by bronchoscopy. During the emergency airway\u0000management, she went into cardiopulmonary arrest. We performed cardiopulmonary resuscitation\u0000and simultaneous urgent tracheotomy.</p>","PeriodicalId":12665,"journal":{"name":"Fukuoka igaku zasshi = Hukuoka acta medica","volume":"107 7","pages":"136-40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35329767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"New Approach to Diagnosis and Treatment of Esophageal Motility Disorders by High-Resolution manometry.","authors":"Eikichi Ihara, Kazumasa Muta, Keita Fukaura, Yoshimasa Tanaka, Xiaopeng Bai, Akira Aso, Tsutomu Iwasa, Kazuhiko Nakamura","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Esophageal motility disorders (EMD) is characterized by impaired coordinated esophageal motility\u0000function with symptoms including dysphasia, heartburn or noncardiac chest pain. Since EMDs is\u0000functional disorders, it is usually difficult to make a diagnosis by conventional examinations including\u0000endoscopy and esophagography. Recently developed high-resolution manometry allows us to evaluate\u0000esophageal motility function precisely and to make a differential diagnosis of EMDs, together with\u0000Chicago Classification (CC) version 3.0 (CC ver3.0). In this article, we reviewed diagnosis of EMDs\u0000based on CC ver3.0 and current treatment strategy for EMDs.</p>","PeriodicalId":12665,"journal":{"name":"Fukuoka igaku zasshi = Hukuoka acta medica","volume":"107 7","pages":"121-30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35329765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}