Functional Foods in Health and Disease最新文献

{"title":"Beneficial effects of gymnemic acid on three-dimensional vascular architecture and expression of vascular endothelial growth factor of intrarenal segmental and interlobar arteries in diabetic rat kidney","authors":"Manaras Komolkriengkrai, Rawipa Jangchart, Nichawadee Sandech, Uraporn Vongvatcharanon, W. Khimmaktong","doi":"10.31989/ffhd.v12i6.930","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31989/ffhd.v12i6.930","url":null,"abstract":"Background: A high prevalence of atherosclerotic vascular lesions has been associated with renal disease and diabetes and is a major cause for increasing deaths from cardiovascular disease. The present study aimed to determine the beneficial effects of gymnemic acids on the kidney microvasculature and to establish their anti-angiogenic properties that are related to the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) protein of segmental and interlobar arteries in induced diabetic rats. Methods: Rats were divided into five groups including the control group (C), control treated with gymnemic acid (CGM), diabetic animals (DM group) that were rendered diabetic by a single dose [60 mg/kg body weight (BW)] of a streptozotocin (STZ) injection, diabetic rats treated with gymnemic acid (400 mg/kg BW) (GM), and diabetic rats treated with glibenclamide (4 mg/kg BW) (GR). After 8 weeks, kidney tissues were collected for histological analysis. In rats with DM, the segmental arteries exhibited increased wall thickness. The kidney microvasculature was examined using the vascular corrosion casting method. Results: Rats with DM presented a decreasing diameter of segmental and interlobar arteries. They were evidently redeveloped and restored in the GM and GR groups. As determined by immunofluorescence, the expression of VEGF was significantly reduced in both the GM and GR groups. Conclusions: The present study demonstrated that gymnemic acid from Gymnemasylvestre may be a promising medical herb for use in the treatment of diabetes and kidney disease.Keywords: diabetes mellitus, segmental artery, interlobar artery, gymnemic acid, vascular architecture","PeriodicalId":12623,"journal":{"name":"Functional Foods in Health and Disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44758726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Safety and efficacy of dietary freshwater clam (Corbicula fluminea) extract in clinical research","authors":"T. Shimazoe, Daisuke Kobayashi, T. Kawashiri, Takeshi Chijimatsu, Miki Umeki, S. Mochizuki","doi":"10.31989/ffhd.v12i6.928","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31989/ffhd.v12i6.928","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The freshwater clam (Corbicula spp.) is a popular edible bivalve mollusk that is commonly eaten in East Asia. Freshwater clam extract (FCE) is known to have various effects. For example, it has anti-inflammatory effects and improves cholesterol metabolism. Often used as a folk remedy, FCE might be effective against liver disease and at ameliorating liver damage. These results indicate that FCE has preventative or ameliorating effects against steatosis and mild chronic liver damage. Additionally, FCE has a documented neuroprotective effect, potentially improving sleep quality. However, no clinical research into these topic areas have been carried out. Objective: No clinical research has been carried out concerning the action of FCE on liver function. In this study, we conducted a clinical trial involving healthy volunteers with relatively high liver test values to determine the influence of FCE on hepatic function. Moreover, no previous studies have described the effects of FCE on sleep. Thus, we also assessed sleep quality after FCE intake using the Oguri-Shirakawa-Azumi (OSA) sleep inventory middle-aged and aged (MA) version and a Likert scale in a randomized controlled clinical trial. Methods: We performed a prospective randomized controlled trial to assess safety and the effects of freshwater clam extract. Thirty four volunteers were analyzed. The subjects ingested 2 placebo softgels, 2 FCE-containing softgels, or 10 FCE-containing softgels. We tried to clarify 2 issues, safety in the liver and quality of sleep. An assessment of the safety of long-term and excessive FCE intake, especially its actions on hepatic function, was performed by administering 10 FCE-containing softgels (5 times the normal dose) to the subjects in the high FCE dose group for 18 weeks. A sleep evaluation comparing the placebo and normal FCE dose groups was also conducted. We conducted a double-blind parallel clinical trial to evaluate the effects of FCE on sleep quality over 12 weeks. The subjects were assigned to 3 groups (the placebo group, the normal FCE dose group, and the high FCE dose group). Results: Significant reductions in the levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (γ-GTP) were observed at 12 and 18 weeks after the consumption of a high dose of FCE capsules. The subjects’ ferritin levels were significantly reduced after 18 weeks’ high-dose FCE intake. Moreover, the consumption of two FCE softgels (normal dose) for 12 weeks resulted in significant better quality in terms of both sleep onset and maintenance compared with that seen after the placebo treatment. FCE intake also resulted in a longer sleep duration than the placebo treatment. The same dose of FCE tended to reduce subjective fatigue. These results suggest that FCE is a safe supplemental food and increases sleep quality.Conclusions: These results suggest that FCE is a safe supplemental food and increases sleep quality.Keywor","PeriodicalId":12623,"journal":{"name":"Functional Foods in Health and Disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41493574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing nutritional care with egg white supplementation on serum albumin level for home-based bed-ridden elderly patients","authors":"Preeyabhorn Detarun, Vatcharee Srichamnanturakit, S. Isaramalai, Thaparat Rakpanusit","doi":"10.31989/ffhd.v12i6.932","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31989/ffhd.v12i6.932","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Low serum albumin levels are one of the most common causes of morbidity and mortality in humans, particularly in older bed-ridden patients. Egg whites contains all the essential amino acids required, and it has many beneficial effects on the body. Supplementation with an egg white formula diet is expected to improve nutritional status and increase levels of serum albumin.Objective: This research aimed to investigate the effects of the egg white formula diet (EWFD) supplement on serum albumin levels in bed-ridden elderly patients with nasogastric tube feeding at home.Methods: The experiment was designed as a quasi-experimental study with one single-sample group in 25 bed-ridden elderly patients who are > 60 years old, and were purposefully selected from a district in a Province in Southern Thailand. The experiment was divided into 2 periods (the control and experimental). The control period covered the first 8 weeks where the caregivers provided the usual care and administered the commercial liquid formula to the bed-ridden elderly subjects. The experimental period covered the following 8 weeks, where the caregivers provided the usual care, commercial liquid formula, and EWFD supplementation. Demographic data was collected using a data assessment form. The effect of EWFD supplement on blood albumin levels in the bed-ridden elderly persons were measured at baseline (T0), control (T8), and experimental period (T16).Results: Serum albumin levels at T0 in subjects who received the usual care program was an average of 3.46±0.35 g/dL. The average serum albumin level at the control period (T8) was 3.56±0.44 g/dL, while after the experiment (feeding including egg white for 8 weeks) was 3.72±0.45 g/dL. The serum albumin levels significantly increased compared to the control and experimental periods (p= 0.042) Conclusion: Enhancing nutritional care through egg white supplementation improved the serum albumin levels in bed-ridden elderly patients at home. It is therefore recommended that the longitudinal study design should be implemented to monitor and maintain the serum albumin, which consequently promotes the patients’ nutritional status. Keywords: nutritional status; bed-ridden elderly; nasogastric tube feeding; bed-ridden; egg white; serum albumin; muscle mass","PeriodicalId":12623,"journal":{"name":"Functional Foods in Health and Disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41490515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nutritional and anti-gastro ulcerative role of the gum Arabic (Acacia senegal L.) compared to a reference drug","authors":"Nameer Khairullah Mohammed, Qaswaa Yousif Jameel, Mohammed Abdullah Ajeel","doi":"10.31989/ffhd.v12i6.929","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31989/ffhd.v12i6.929","url":null,"abstract":"Background: As alcohol consumption increases, ethanol impacts ulcers as a factor that causes stomach mucosal invasion, which leads to stomach ulcers. Alcohol damages the stomach through a number of processes, including increased gastric secretion, the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and ethanol induces a variety of pathogenic events as it is associated with the formation of stomach ulcers.Objective: The goal of this study was to see if gum Arabic as a functional food could protect albino rats against ethanol-induced stomach damage.Materials and Methods: Six groups of 30 female albino rats were formed: normal control, ulcer control, omeprazole + ethanol, and groups 4, 5, and 6, which were given GA at 7.5, 12, 25 g/ kg/ day (bw), then lab rat were given 5 mL/kg /day (bw) ethanol orally for 30 days to cause stomach mucosal damage.Results: GA suppressed gastric inflammation by lowering TNF-α and IL-6 levels while increasing IL-10 levels. GA also improved HDL, total protein, albumin, and globulin levels while lowering cholesterol, triglycerides, VLDL-C, LDL-C, and phospholipids.Conclusion: These findings demonstrate that GA plays a protective role toward gastric mucosal injury in rats induced by ethanol, which in turn reduced the inflammatory response, and significantly reduced the hemorrhagic gastric lesions and the pH of the gastric contents. Keywords: Functional food, Alcoholic, polysaccharides, soluble fiber, tumor necrosis factor alpha, oxidative stress ","PeriodicalId":12623,"journal":{"name":"Functional Foods in Health and Disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41443401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of an extract from the bran layer of rice on the nutrition of lactating mothers and growth of their exclusively breastfed infants: a longitudinal study","authors":"Guillermo E. Sánchez, G. H. Sullivan, L. R. Miller","doi":"10.31989/ffhd.v12i5.934","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31989/ffhd.v12i5.934","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The nutritional composition of the bran layer of rice (RB), a globally available product of the rice milling process, has attracted attention as a nutraceutical food source. However, to capitalize on RB’s nutritional properties for humans, it is necessary to achieve a level of bioavailability that increases the efficacy needed to impact the nutritional well-being of lactating mothers and their breastfed infants. To accomplish this, a hydrolyzed enzymatic extract (RBEE) with increased protein, vitamin, carbohydrate, and antioxidant bioactivity has been developed.Objective: To determine the impact of RBEE on the nutritional status of lactating mothers (LM) and the growth of their exclusively breastfed (EBF) infants, living in food-insecure environments in rural Guatemala. Methods:  A RBEE daily ration was consumed by post-puerperium LM for 4.5 months of the EBF period. The nutritional impact on LMs was determined by body mass index (BMI). Anemia prevalence and packed cell volume (PCV) were obtained via hematocrit (HCT). Infant growth was determined monthly following World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines, including weight-for-length (WHZ), weight-for-age (WAZ), length-for-age (LAZ), BMI-for-age (BAZ) and head circumference-for-age (HCZ). Initial, midterm and final growth indicators were analyzed by Student t-test for independent samples. Results: While no significant differences were found between the initial and final BMI in LMs, anemia prevalence was significantly reduced from 12.1% to 4%. HCT results in LMs showed a significant increase (p<0.05) in PCV by the study’s end, from 40.55% to 41.42%. Following a student t-test analysis, infant growth indicators WHZ, WAZ and BAZ showed a highly significant (p<0.01) increase. A significant (p<0.05) improvement was detected in WAZ, while LAZ scores improved from -1.9 to -1.76.Conclusions: The dietary supplementation of lactating mothers with an RBEE during the EBF period significantly impacted the mother-infant dyad, with improved growth of the exclusively breastfed infants and a reduction in anemia prevalence in mothers. Further research will include the quantity and quality of the putative increased maternal milk synthesis.  Keywords: rice bran, bioactive, bioavailability, enzyme-treated extract, functional food, infants, exclusive breastfeeding, lactating mothers, anemia, chronic, acute, malnutrition, Guatemala, growth, nutrition, children.","PeriodicalId":12623,"journal":{"name":"Functional Foods in Health and Disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42789729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anti-obesity effect of eucalyptus leaf extract containing oenothein B in healthy Japanese adults: a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, parallel-group study","authors":"Keiichiro Sugimoto, H. Fujisawa, Kazuya Nakagawa, Kazuo Yamamoto, N. Suzuki, Shin-ichiro Yamashita, Yuta Takahashi, Toshihiro Kakinuma, Asami Baba, T. Takara, Toshikazu Yamanouchi","doi":"10.31989/ffhd.v12i5.927","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31989/ffhd.v12i5.927","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Excessive ingestion of fructose can lead to obesity and related diseases. Eucalyptus leaf extract (ELE) contains oenothein B, which inhibits intestinal fructose absorption.Objective: The antiobesity effects of ELE containing oenothein B were evaluated in healthy Japanese whose body mass index (BMI) was ≥ 23 and < 30 kg/m2.Methods: A randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, parallel-group study was performed to evaluate the effect of ELE consumption, for 12 weeks at a 3.38 mg/day dose of oenothein B, on the abdominal visceral fat area (VFA) as the primary outcome. Results were compared to those of a placebo group.Results: Of the 721 individuals who underwent screening, 198 were randomly allocated into two groups. A total of 95 subjects in the placebo group and 94 in the intervention group were established as the per-protocol set. VFA in the intervention group significantly decreased compared to that in the placebo group 12 weeks after initiating intervention. This reduction in VFA was considered to have clinical significance. Among the secondary outcomes, VFA, waist circumference, and muscle mass after 8 weeks, as well as body weight and BMI after 12 weeks, were significantly lower in the intervention group compared to the placebo group.Conclusion: ELE containing oenothein B may be effective against obesity and related diseases by reducing VFA levels. Keywords: human trial; Eucalyptus globulus; oenothein B; polyphenol; hydrolyzable tannin; ellagitannin; dietary fructose consumption; dietary survey; Calorie and Nutrition Diary; glucose transporter 5","PeriodicalId":12623,"journal":{"name":"Functional Foods in Health and Disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44792220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel ELISA technology in assessing undenatured type II collagen in functional foods and dietary supplements used for knee joint health care: its sensitivity, precision, and accuracy","authors":"Y. Shiojima, H. Moriyama, Megumi Takahashi, Ryohei Takahashi, Kazuo Maruyama, M. Bagchi, D. Bagchi","doi":"10.31989/ffhd.v12i5.933","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31989/ffhd.v12i5.933","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Undenatured type II collagen, derived from chicken sternum cartilage, is a novel functional ingredient, which has been demonstrated to improve joint health, flexibility and mobility, and enhancing motor functions. Undenatured type II collagen has been commercially available as functional dietary supplement worldwide for many years. Research studies demonstrated its broad-spectrum safety and clinical efficacy. Undenatured type II collagen requires very small amount to exhibit clinical efficacy and hence can be easily consumed over a long period of time as compared to the other joint care functional ingredients such as glucosamine and chondroitin. Since undenatured type II collagen is effective in relatively small amount, its accurate measurement in various dosage forms such as tablets and capsules become crucial to provide consumers optimal cost and joint-health benefits. Objective: In the present study, we modified the previously used Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) method to determine the active constituents precisely and accurately in formulations to affirm broad spectrum safety and clinical efficacy. Methods: Improved precision ELISA methodology was utilized to determine the amount of undenatured type II collagen extracted from chicken sternum cartilage. A commercially available Chondrex Collagen Detection Kit was used to determine the number of epitope (antigenic determinant) sites on the three-dimensional tightly-folded structured collagen. Time and temperature were set at ≥16 h or preferably within the range of 16 h to 24 h and at room temperatureResults: The results obtained from this improved ELISA method strongly supported the accuracy and validity, which correlates very well with the results of our earlier clinical studies, revealing the efficacy of undenatured type II collagen concentrations used. Furthermore, the modified ELISA method, designed by our team, revealed consistent and reproducible results on the basis of counting the epitope sites in undenatured type II collagen (NEXT-II®) of commercial batchesConclusion: Using this precisely modified ELISA method gave 8% of undenatured type II collagen in NEXT-II®, resulting in 3.2 mg in 40.0 mg of NEXT-II®. It also confirmed that administration of 3.2 mg of undenatured type II collagen a day, both in open-label and randomized clinical trials, was safe and efficacious for joint pain, flexibility and mobility, and motor function. Keywords: Undenatured type II collagen, NEXT-II®, ELISA method, Pepsin","PeriodicalId":12623,"journal":{"name":"Functional Foods in Health and Disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48410361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combination of vitamins A, D2 and D3 reduce tumor load and alter the expression of miRNAs that regulate genes involved with apoptosis, tumor suppression, and the epithelial-mesenchymal transition in HCT-116 colon cancer cells","authors":"Karen D. Garay Buenrostro, Keila C. Ostos Mendoza, Pinal N. Kanabar, Nina S. Los, T. Lawal, S. Patel, A. M. López, Paulina Cabada-Aguirre, G. Mahady, M. Maienschein-Cline, Z. Arbieva","doi":"10.31989/ffhd.v12i5.925","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31989/ffhd.v12i5.925","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: In previous work, we have shown the synergistic effects of combinations of vitamins A, D2, and D3 in reducing the proliferation of HCT-116 colon cancer cells. This combination also induced apoptosis and altered gene expression patterns as determined by transcriptomic profiling. Aims: The aims of this study were to investigate the effects of vitamins A and D in HCT-116 Crl:NU(NCr)-Foxn1nu mouse xenographs. Also, to determine potential mechanisms of action using miRNA-seq and correlated these data with results from RNA-seq.Methods: HCT-116 colon cancer cells were cultured and used for the xenograph study. Crl:NU(NCr)-Male Foxn1nu mice were injected subcutaneously with HCT-116-cells (1 X 106 in 100 µl 50% Matrigel and Sterile PBS), and after 7 days, were treated with vitamin A and D in feed for 21 days. The mice were imaged on day 28, sacrificed and the tumors were excised and measured. RNA was isolated from the HCT-116 cells and tumors, and RNA-seq and miRNA-seq were performed.Results: There was a concentration-dependent reduction in the HCT-116 colon cancer cell viability after treatment with vitamin A and D combinations. In Crl:NU(NCr)-Foxn1nu mice injected with HCT-116 colon tumor cells, treatment with vitamin A (25,000 IU) and vitamin D (4,000 IU) or vitamin A (35,000 IU) and vitamin D (5,000 IU) for 21 days significantly reduced tumor growth by ~38% and ~58%, respectively (p < 0.001). In the HCT-116 cells and excised tumors, treatment upregulated the expression of Bim, Bax, p53, and PTEN, and downregulated AXIN2, ID2 and DDX20 mRNAs, all well-known pro-apoptotic proteins, tumor suppressors, and molecules involved in the epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis of miRNA-seq paired with RNA-seq showed correlations between miRNAs expression and expression of these genes. For example, miRNA-mRNA correlation pairing showed that treatment downregulated miR-30c-3p and miR-125b-3p which was associated with upregulated TP53. Upregulation of the tumor suppressor PTEN was associated with the downregulation of eleven miRNAs, including oncogenic miR17 and miR21.Conclusion: The results suggest that the combinations of vitamins A and D reduced the HCT-116 tumor burden in mice and altered the expression of miRNAs directly associated with genes in the apoptosis, tumor suppression, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition pathways. The data supports the hypothesis that vitamin A and D combinations impact multiple cancer signaling pathways and thus may be more effective in the treatment and prevention of cancer, as well as reducing cancer metastasis.   Keywords: apoptosis, cholcalciferol, colon cancer, DDX20, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, ergocalciferol, p53, RNA-seq, miRNA-seq, PTEN, synergism, transcriptome","PeriodicalId":12623,"journal":{"name":"Functional Foods in Health and Disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45834959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stability of an anticancer peptide isolated from Flathead by-products during in vitro gastrointestinal digestion","authors":"R. Nurdiani, T. Vasiljevic, T. Singh, O. Donkor, A. Prihanto, T. S. Kusuma","doi":"10.31989/ffhd.v12i4.904","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31989/ffhd.v12i4.904","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Several peptides from seafood have shown effective anticancer activities. Nonetheless, one of the most significant challenges in developing fish peptides as functional food ingredients is proving their efficacy as anticancer agents. This study was aimed to evaluate the anticancer capacity and stability of a purified peptide (H. Met-Gly-Pro-Pro-Gly-Leu-Ala-Gly-Ala-Pro-Gly-Glu-Ala-Gly-Arg.OH) during a simulated gastrointestinal (GI) digestion.Methods: The anticancer activity of the peptide(s) before, during, and after GI digestion was analyzed against colon cancer cells (HT-29). Changes in cell morphology were assessed using an inverted microscope, while the degree of apoptosis was observed using a Muse Cell Analyzer.Results: Results showed little or no hydrolysis of the bioactive peptide by pepsin was observed, indicating the peptide was resistant to digestion in gastric conditions. The growth of HT-29 cells was significantly inhibited (P < 0.05) by the un-digested peptide and peptide(s) present in the digesta that was yielded by gastric and gastrointestinal digestion up to 28.89%, 29.68%, and 38.3%, respectively. HT-29 cells treated with pepsin and pancreatin digested peptides showed the highest cell death (3.54±2.30%).Conclusion: Overall, the findings showed that the purified peptide has the potency to be used in cancer therapy via oral administration and/or incorporation in food(s) applications for the treatment of specific cancer.Keywords: bioactive peptide; digestion; fish by-products; hydrolysis","PeriodicalId":12623,"journal":{"name":"Functional Foods in Health and Disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42196324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of inoculation of Lactobacillus acidophilus on the level of nitrite and nitrate in yogurt containing spinach during refrigeration in 21 days","authors":"Mitra Keshavarz, R. Barati‐Boldaji, S. Mazloomi, M. H. Yousefi","doi":"10.31989/ffhd.v12i4.907","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31989/ffhd.v12i4.907","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Yogurt is mixed with spinach in some countries. Spinach can be a probable dietary source of Nitrate and Nitrite, and further N-nitrosamine. Methods: The present study aimed to investigate the effect of inoculation of Lactobacillus acidophilus on the level of nitrite and nitrate in “yogurt containing spinach” (YS) during refrigeration in for 21 days. 4 types of yogurts including yogurt (Y), probiotic yogurt (PY), YS, and probiotic YS (PYS) were produced and kept at 4 °C for 21 days. Their nitrite and nitrate levels were measured by HPLC on days 1, 7, 14, and 21. Results: There was no significant difference between the mean concentrations of nitrate and nitrite of Y and PY and between YS and PYS. Although the effect of refrigeration at 4 °C for 21 days was not significant on the nitrate amount of Y and PY, it was close to a significant level in YS and PYS. It also caused a significant increase in the nitrite content of all yogurts. This study showed that Lactobacillus acidophilus bacteria cannot affect the amount of nitrate and nitrite in yogurt or YS at 4°C. Conclusion: Increasing the nitrite content of samples may enhance the possibility of nitrosamine formation. It is suggested that those who are at risk for all malformations caused by nitrites should not keep YS for a long time.  Keywords: nitrate; nitrite; Lactobacillus acidophilus; probiotic yogurt containing spinach; HPLC","PeriodicalId":12623,"journal":{"name":"Functional Foods in Health and Disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45461362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}