General Psychiatry最新文献

{"title":"Dynamic trajectories of neuropsychiatric symptoms predict Alzheimer's disease risk and clinical phenotypes.","authors":"Wenzheng Liu, Yan Wang, Yuhang Shi, Liangyu Huang, Chenchen Tan, Lan Tan, Wei Xu","doi":"10.1002/gps3.70018","DOIUrl":"10.1002/gps3.70018","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) may serve as early predictors of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, NPS evolve over time, and most existing studies have relied on single or sparse assessments that do not capture clinically meaningful longitudinal patterns.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>To examine whether distinct trajectories of NPS are associated with the risk of incident AD, neurodegeneration and cognitive decline.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>NPS were assessed using the neuropsychiatric inventory questionnaire. We first characterised and compared the retrospective trajectories of NPS between 290 incident AD dementia cases and 74 healthy controls who remained free of dementia during 8 years of follow-up. Latent class growth modelling was then applied to identify NPS trajectories over the first 3 years among 982 people without dementia at baseline. Cox regression and linear mixed-effects models were used to investigate the associations between NPS trajectories and incident AD risk, cognitive decline, brain atrophy and changes in brain metabolism during early (baseline to year 3) and later (years 3-8) follow-up periods. Interaction between NPS trajectories and <i>APOE</i> ε4 was examined. Causal mediation analyses were conducted to assess whether neurodegeneration mediated the associations between NPS trajectories and cognitive function.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared to individuals who remained free of dementia, people who developed AD showed progressively increasing NPS levels prior to AD diagnosis (<i>p</i> < 0.005). Three NPS trajectories were identified: consistently no symptoms (71.8%, as reference), increasing trajectory (18.6%) and remitting trajectory (9.6%). The increasing trajectory was significantly associated with a higher risk of AD during both the early (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.720, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and late (HR = 2.130, <i>p</i> = 0.026) follow-up periods. The remitting trajectory was associated with an elevated risk of AD only in the early follow-up (HR = 1.980, <i>p</i> < 0.001). The increasing trajectory was also linked to faster brain atrophy (<i>β</i> = -139.662, <i>p</i> < 0.001 for the hippocampus, <i>β</i> = -108.642, <i>p</i> = 0.007 for the entorhinal cortex and <i>β</i> = -305.059, <i>p</i> = 0.003 for the middle temporal regions), greater declines in brain metabolism (<i>β</i> = -0.013, <i>p</i> = 0.007) and accelerated cognitive deterioration (<i>β</i> = -0.162 for the memory, <i>β</i> = -0.154 for the executive function, all <i>p</i> < 0.001) during the late follow-up period. These associations were stronger among <i>APOE</i> ε4 carriers. Brain volume loss and metabolism decline partially mediated the relationships of increasing NPS and cognitive impairment.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>NPS trajectories can predict AD risk, neurodegeneration and cognitive decline, especially among <i>APOE</i> ε4 carriers. Progressive neurodegenerative changes may underlie these associ","PeriodicalId":12549,"journal":{"name":"General Psychiatry","volume":"39 ","pages":"e70018"},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13111414/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147768765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Threshold effects of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels on major depressive symptoms.","authors":"Qinghua Fan, Yi Guo, Zhongjian Liu, Rongtian Xu, Haibo Wang","doi":"10.1002/gps3.70001","DOIUrl":"10.1002/gps3.70001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12549,"journal":{"name":"General Psychiatry","volume":"39 1","pages":"e70001"},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13015814/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147520782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peer bullying victimisation and depressive symptoms as serial mediators between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms and internet gaming disorder among Chinese adolescents: A three-wave longitudinal study.","authors":"Pu Peng, Zhangming Chen, Silan Ren, Ying He, Jinguang Li, Aijun Liao, Linlin Zhao, Xu Shao, Shanshan Chen, Ruini He, Yudiao Liang, Youguo Tan, Xiaogang Chen, Jinsong Tang, Yanhui Liao","doi":"10.1002/gps3.70012","DOIUrl":"10.1002/gps3.70012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The association between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms and internet gaming disorder (IGD) is well-established, yet the psychological mechanisms underlying this comorbidity remain underexplored.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>Grounded in the dual failure model and the compensatory internet use model, this study examined peer bullying victimisation and depressive symptoms as serial mediators in the longitudinal association between ADHD symptoms and IGD severity among 20 137 Chinese adolescents.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants were assessed at baseline (T1, November 2020) and followed up at one (T2) and two years (T3). Standardised measures assessed peer bullying victimisation (Multidimensional Peer Victimisation Scale), ADHD symptoms (Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire), depressive symptoms (9-item Patient Health Questionnaire) and IGD severity (Internet Gaming Disorder Scale-Short Form). Longitudinal path analysis with serial mediation tested the hypothesised pathway, adjusting for baseline covariates and prior symptoms. Subgroup analyses examined sex and developmental (early vs. late adolescence) differences. Sensitivity analyses included alternative mediation models, cross-lagged panel models and parallel-process latent growth curve models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Baseline ADHD symptoms directly predicted IGD severity and indirectly through peer bullying victimisation and depressive symptoms. These mediators accounted for one-third of the total effect. The bullying-related mediation pathway was evident only among boys and early adolescents, whereas depressive symptoms consistently mediated the association across sexes and age groups. Sensitivity analyses supported the robustness and temporal specificity of the proposed pathway.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>ADHD symptoms increase the risk of subsequent IGD through both direct and indirect pathways operating through peer bullying victimisation and depressive symptoms. This social-emotional mediation process is developmentally and sex contingent. These findings suggest that effective prevention and intervention for IGD in adolescents with ADHD should incorporate developmentally and sex-sensitive strategies that address peer victimisation and emotional distress in addition to core ADHD symptoms.</p>","PeriodicalId":12549,"journal":{"name":"General Psychiatry","volume":"39 1","pages":"e70012"},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13015837/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147520771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dementia risk prediction in individuals with prediabetes or diabetes: A novel multi-protein score with biological pathway analysis.","authors":"Yuanyuan Zhang, Yu Huang, Junyu Xue, Yiwei Zhang, Sisi Yang, Yanjun Zhang, Ziliang Ye, Xiaoqin Gan, Yiting Wu, Fanfan Hou, Xianhui Qin","doi":"10.1002/gps3.70010","DOIUrl":"10.1002/gps3.70010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Individuals with prediabetes or diabetes face elevated dementia risk, yet robust prediction tools and mechanistic insights remain limited.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>This study aimed to develop and validate a protein-based risk score for dementia prediction in this high-risk population while elucidating underlying biological pathways and therapeutic targets.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Utilising data from 10 433 UK Biobank participants with prediabetes or diabetes and proteomic profiling (2911 plasma proteins measured), we developed a dementia protein risk score in a training set (<i>n</i> = 6514) and validated it in testing (<i>n</i> = 2790) and external cohorts (<i>n</i> = 1129).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the training set, 23 out of 2911 proteins were selected. In the testing set, compared with the basic model (age and sex, C-index: 0.78; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.74-0.82), the dementia protein risk score (C-index: 0.84; 95% CI 0.81-0.88) significantly improved the performance in predicting incident dementia (C-index increase: 0.06; 95% CI 0.02-0.12), while cardiovascular risk factors, ageing and dementia incidence risk factors (C-index: 0.80; 95% CI 0.76-0.83) and apolipoprotein E (APOE; age and sex included, C-index: 0.81; 95% CI 0.77-0.85) had no significant improvement. Six key proteins (glial fibrillary acidic protein [GFAP], neurofilament light polypeptide [NEFL], Brevican core protein [BCAN], protein MENT [MENT], APOE and growth/differentiation factor 15 [GDF15]) captured the most predictive power. Pathway analyses implicated extracellular matrix remodelling and cholesterol metabolism, whereas Mendelian randomisation identified causal roles for APOE, haematopoietic prostaglandin D synthase (HPGDS), BAG family molecular chaperone regulator 3 (BAG3) and GDF15. Nine proteins were prioritised as druggable targets, including HPGDS, with existing Food and Drug Administration-approved drugs.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study establishes a highly accurate protein-based risk score for dementia prediction (including 6-23 proteins) in individuals with prediabetes or diabetes, uncovering actionable biological pathways and therapeutic targets. The findings enable precision risk stratification and accelerate translational opportunities for dementia prevention in this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":12549,"journal":{"name":"General Psychiatry","volume":"39 1","pages":"e70010"},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13015835/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147520789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A genome-wide association study of post-traumatic stress disorder in traumatised Chinese populations.","authors":"Kunlin Zhang, Mingyue Gao, Chengqi Cao, Yuwei Han, Ping Liu, Yajie Bi, Haibo Yang, Ling Xu, Li Wang","doi":"10.1002/gps3.70006","DOIUrl":"10.1002/gps3.70006","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12549,"journal":{"name":"General Psychiatry","volume":"39 1","pages":"e70006"},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13064582/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147672245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resting-state connectivity and tobacco smoking in clinical high-risk for psychosis (NAPLS-3).","authors":"Merel Koster, Marieke van der Pluijm, Romy Veelers, Elsmarieke van de Giessen, Lieuwe de Haan, Guido van Wingen, Tim Ziermans, Jentien Vermeulen","doi":"10.1002/gps3.70002","DOIUrl":"10.1002/gps3.70002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Smoking is highly prevalent among people at clinical high-risk for psychosis (CHR-P) and is associated with poorer clinical outcomes. Large-scale brain networks have been linked to both psychosis and tobacco smoking. However, their relationship in CHR-P individuals remains unexplored, which may provide valuable insights into the potential neurobiological background of the co-occurrence.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>The current study aimed to examine whether smoking is associated with altered resting-state network connectivity over time in CHR-P individuals.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging scans from the North American Prodrome Longitudinal Study 3 were used. At baseline, 486 CHR-P non-smokers and 101 CHR-P smokers were included, with 1128 scans across 2-, 4-, 6- and 8-month follow-up. Independent component analysis was used to extract functional connectivity for the default mode network (DMN), salience network (SN) and left and right frontoparietal networks (FPN). Differences in within- and between-network strength of the networks of interest were assessed between smoking CHR-P and non-smoking CHR-P at baseline. Linear mixed-effects models were used to examine associations between longitudinal connectivity changes and smoking.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results showed that smoking participants were generally light smokers. Smoking was not significantly associated with within- or between-network functional connectivity of the DMN, SN or FPN at baseline or over an 8-month period in CHR-P participants.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In this large, longitudinal CHR-P sample, smoking was not linked to large-scale functional network connectivity alterations. The early illness stage and limited nicotine exposure may explain the absence of differences, contrasting with findings of reduced network connectivity in schizophrenia and chronic smokers. Future studies could examine connectivity changes over longer periods to determine whether connectivity alterations emerge with increased smoking, illness progression or both.</p>","PeriodicalId":12549,"journal":{"name":"General Psychiatry","volume":"39 1","pages":"e70002"},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13015833/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147520774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation on the improvement of cognitive function in older patients with schizophrenia: A randomised controlled study.","authors":"Wei Xiang, Junjie Yang, Yan Chen, Shengke Pan, Li Bai, Shixing Qian, Yuchao Shi, Xinyi Cao, Yuan Shen, Xiaochen Tang, Wei Li, Chunbo Li","doi":"10.1002/gps3.70003","DOIUrl":"10.1002/gps3.70003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>To investigate the efficacy and safety of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) in improving cognitive function in older inpatients with schizophrenia.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Randomised controlled trial.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Cognitive improvement in hospitalised older patients with schizophrenia in Shanghai.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>Fifty-one older inpatients with schizophrenia in Shanghai Mental Health Center.</p><p><strong>Intervention: </strong>The taVNS electrodes were placed on the skin with vagus nerve distribution in the taVNS group, whereas the electrodes were placed on the skin without vagus nerve distribution in the sham taVNS group. taVNS parameters included 25 Hz, the maximum tolerated current intensity (apparatus maximum load current ≤ 6 mA) and one 30-min session per day for 2 weeks, for a total of 10 interventions.</p><p><strong>Measurements: </strong>The primary outcome was a neurocognitive assessment. Safety was the secondary outcome measure. After each treatment session, adverse reactions were assessed using the self-administered Adverse Reaction Assessment Scale. Four subtests of the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery were further considered: reaction time (RTI), paired associate learning (PAL), multitasking test (MTT) and spatial working memory (SWM).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The time and interaction effects of between-group search errors were statistically significant (<i>F</i> = 9.51, <i>p</i> <  0.001). Compared to the sham taVNS, taVNS improved SWM performance in older patients with schizophrenia. Furthermore, the SWM performance after a single session of taVNS showed fewer errors in the taVNS group, whereas no such improvement was observed in the sham taVNS group. Unlike in SWM, there were no significant between-group differences in RTI, PAL or MTT after either a single stimulation or a session of 10 stimulations.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>taVNS may have the potential to improve SWM in older patients with schizophrenia.</p>","PeriodicalId":12549,"journal":{"name":"General Psychiatry","volume":"39 1","pages":"e70003"},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13015834/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147520804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A literature review of dementia literacy in China: From awareness to action as a driver of the 2024-2030 National Dementia Action Plan.","authors":"Huiling Lin, Jin Lu, Bao-Liang Zhong, Helen Fung-Kum Chiu","doi":"10.1002/gps3.70011","DOIUrl":"10.1002/gps3.70011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>China is confronting a major public health challenge due to its rapidly ageing population and the world's largest number of people living with dementia. Low diagnosis rates, systemic care deficiencies and pervasive stigma further complicate this crisis. In response, the Chinese government launched the National Action Plan for Addressing Dementia in the Elderly (2024-2030), which sets a core goal of achieving 80% public awareness of dementia prevention and treatment. This literature review synthesises evidence on dementia-related knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) among key stakeholders in China-including the general public, older adults, family and professional caregivers and healthcare providers-to establish a national baseline for implementing the Action Plan. Drawing on published studies from national and regional surveys, community-based interventions and cross-sectional research, this review identifies major barriers: misconceptions that dementia is a 'normal' part of ageing, limited understanding of modifiable risk factors, entrenched stigma and inadequate training for caregivers and primary care providers. It also highlights methodological heterogeneity, a concentration of studies in eastern cities and limited evidence from rural and western regions, raising concerns about equity in both data and policy implementation. Although China's dementia literacy gaps resemble those in other middle- and high-income countries, the ambitious 80% awareness target underscores the need for broad, multistakeholder engagement. Achieving the Action Plan's objectives will require culturally sensitive, sustained public health education, stigma reduction initiatives, curriculum reform in medical and nursing training and systematic investment in dementia literacy and community support. To our knowledge, this is the first review to provide a national-level synthesis of dementia-related KAP across multiple stakeholder groups in China and to interpret these patterns as baseline evidence for the 2024-2030 National Dementia Action Plan.</p>","PeriodicalId":12549,"journal":{"name":"General Psychiatry","volume":"39 1","pages":"e70011"},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13015838/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147520736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of 6 Hz transcranial alternating current stimulation over the prefrontal cortex on reward learning in men with methamphetamine use disorder: A pilot randomised double-blind trial.","authors":"Qianlan Yin, Tianzhen Chen, Yan Long, Daqing Shi, Taosheng Liu, Min Zhao, Jiang Du","doi":"10.1002/gps3.70004","DOIUrl":"10.1002/gps3.70004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12549,"journal":{"name":"General Psychiatry","volume":"39 1","pages":"e70004"},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13064579/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147672220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global burden of mental disorders among adolescents and young adults, 1990-2021: a systematic analysis of the Global Burden of Diseases Study 2021.","authors":"Jiayi Tian, Na Yan, Xinyi Hu, Susu Tian, Yuhao Wang, Louisa Esi Mackay, Yunjiao Luo, Yingxue Wang, Yihan Wang, Yuxuan Liu, Blen Dereje Shiferaw, Huihang Lan, Wenjun Yan, Qingzhi Wang, Xiuyin Gao, Caiyi Zhang, Haibo Xu, Wei Wang","doi":"10.1136/gpsych-2025-102278","DOIUrl":"10.1136/gpsych-2025-102278","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Mental disorders pose a significant global health burden, especially after the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>This study aimed to characterise trends in the burden of mental disorders among adolescents and young adults by sex, age, sociodemographic index (SDI) quintile, region and country from 1990 to 2021.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Estimates and 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs) for disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) were extracted from the Global Burden of Diseases Study 2021. The number and rate of DALYs, as well as the percentage change from 1990 to 2021, were estimated by sex, age, SDI quintile, region and country.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The number of DALYs for mental disorders increased from 26.1 (95% UI 19.3 to 34.4) million to 36.3 (26.6 to 48.1) million. The DALY rate increased from 1687.8 (1245.3 to 2225.4) per 100 000 population in 1990 to 1923.7 (1408.7 to 2548.4) per 100 000 population in 2021, representing a 14% (12% to 16%) increase. Females (16% (13% to 18%)) and individuals aged 15-19 years (16% (13% to 18%)) showed the greatest increase in DALY rates. Between 1990 and 2021, DALY rates rose significantly across all SDI quintiles and regions, except East Asia (-5% (-9% to -1%)). The most rapid increases were observed in parts of Latin America, particularly for anxiety and depressive disorders.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The global burden of mental disorders among adolescents increased significantly from 1990 to 2021, necessitating attention to policies targeting high-risk populations and specific regions.</p>","PeriodicalId":12549,"journal":{"name":"General Psychiatry","volume":"38 6","pages":"e102278"},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12730781/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145833883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}