{"title":"[Implementing artificial intelligence in cardiology: how the paradigm should evolve to really widely impact on routine clinical practice?]","authors":"Gian Luigi Nicolosi","doi":"10.1714/4687.47023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1714/4687.47023","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12510,"journal":{"name":"Giornale italiano di cardiologia","volume":"27 5","pages":"324-327"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147768158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Francesco Ciccirillo, Maurizio Giuseppe Abrignani, Maria Alfarano, Antonio Francesco Amico, Giovanni Donato Aquaro, Claudio Bilato, Giulio Binaghi, Pasquale Caldarola, Cristina Chimenti, Marco Corda, Benedetta Carla De Chiara, Salvatore De Fazio, Leonardo De Luca, Stefania Angela Di Fusco, Luca Di Ienno, Massimo Di Marco, Giuseppe Di Tano, Gabriele Egidy Assenza, Mariagrazia Fasoli, Andrea Garascia, Giovanna Geraci, Mauro Gori, Massimo Iacoviello, Fabiana Lucà, Antonia Mannarini, Massimo Milli, Andrea Montalto, Alessandro Navazio, Iris Parrini, Vittorio Pascale, Ennio Carmine Luigi Pisanò, Loris Roncon, Laura Scelsi, Pietro Scicchitano, Fortunato Scotto di Uccio, Emanuele Tizzani, Domenico Gabrielli, Fabrizio Oliva, Federico Nardi, Massimo Grimaldi
{"title":"[Substance-related cardiovascular diseases: definition, distinctive features and clinical implications of a novel nosological entity].","authors":"Francesco Ciccirillo, Maurizio Giuseppe Abrignani, Maria Alfarano, Antonio Francesco Amico, Giovanni Donato Aquaro, Claudio Bilato, Giulio Binaghi, Pasquale Caldarola, Cristina Chimenti, Marco Corda, Benedetta Carla De Chiara, Salvatore De Fazio, Leonardo De Luca, Stefania Angela Di Fusco, Luca Di Ienno, Massimo Di Marco, Giuseppe Di Tano, Gabriele Egidy Assenza, Mariagrazia Fasoli, Andrea Garascia, Giovanna Geraci, Mauro Gori, Massimo Iacoviello, Fabiana Lucà, Antonia Mannarini, Massimo Milli, Andrea Montalto, Alessandro Navazio, Iris Parrini, Vittorio Pascale, Ennio Carmine Luigi Pisanò, Loris Roncon, Laura Scelsi, Pietro Scicchitano, Fortunato Scotto di Uccio, Emanuele Tizzani, Domenico Gabrielli, Fabrizio Oliva, Federico Nardi, Massimo Grimaldi","doi":"10.1714/4696.47087","DOIUrl":"10.1714/4696.47087","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Substance use represents a relevant yet underrecognized determinant of cardiovascular diseases, acting through substance-specific and often multifactorial mechanisms. This document proposes the concept of substance-related cardiovascular diseases (Sr-CVD) as a possible novel nosological entity, outlining its main clinical implications. Available epidemiological and pathophysiological evidence is reviewed, and the clinical, instrumental, and therapeutic-management features of the main cardiovascular conditions associated with substance use are described. These elements support clinical suspicion, differential diagnosis, and a precision medicine approach. In cases where a definite causal relationship cannot be established, the term \"cardiovascular diseases in individuals with substance use\" is proposed to identify a population at increased cardiovascular risk with specific clinical needs. Sr-CVD represent a heterogeneous group of conditions requiring a structured and multidisciplinary clinical approach. The introduction of this conceptual framework may improve the recognition, management, and prevention of substance-related cardiovascular damage.</p>","PeriodicalId":12510,"journal":{"name":"Giornale italiano di cardiologia","volume":"27 5 Suppl. 1","pages":"e34-e58"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147836374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Stefania Angela Di Fusco, Pietro Scicchitano, Claudio Bilato, Daniela Aschieri, Ilaria Battistoni, Chiara Dalla Valle, Giovanna Geraci, Vered Gil Ad, Simona Giubilato, Attilio Iacovoni, Fabiana Lucà, Barbara Maria Teresa Mabritto, Massimo Milli, Luigi Pollarolo, Antonio Parente, Pier Luigi Temporelli, Francesco Vigorito, Marco Zuin, Domenico Gabrielli, Furio Colivicchi, Fabrizio Oliva, Federico Nardi, Massimo Grimaldi
{"title":"[ANMCO Position paper: Primary cardiovascular prevention].","authors":"Stefania Angela Di Fusco, Pietro Scicchitano, Claudio Bilato, Daniela Aschieri, Ilaria Battistoni, Chiara Dalla Valle, Giovanna Geraci, Vered Gil Ad, Simona Giubilato, Attilio Iacovoni, Fabiana Lucà, Barbara Maria Teresa Mabritto, Massimo Milli, Luigi Pollarolo, Antonio Parente, Pier Luigi Temporelli, Francesco Vigorito, Marco Zuin, Domenico Gabrielli, Furio Colivicchi, Fabrizio Oliva, Federico Nardi, Massimo Grimaldi","doi":"10.1714/4696.47083","DOIUrl":"10.1714/4696.47083","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Preventing the development and progression of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease is a challenge that is part of the mission of many clinicians, particularly those working in cardiology. Given the demonstrated cumulative effect of risk factors, early recognition of these factors and the implementation of both pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions allows for more effective prevention of cardiovascular events. The purpose of this ANMCO position paper is to guide clinicians in the early identification of conditions that increase the risk of developing cardiovascular events and to provide guidance on the most appropriate interventions. The paper briefly reviews the evidence supporting the cumulative impact of traditional risk factors over time. The role of risk stratification tools such as SCORE2, SCORE2-OP, and SCORE2-Diabetes, as well as emerging biomarkers, is discussed. For risk factors such as hypertension, dyslipidemia, and diabetes, the recommended targets and current therapeutic options are illustrated. The pharmacological interventions currently available for managing obesity-associated cardiovascular risk and the indications for antiplatelet treatment in the context of primary prevention are also discussed. Overall, early diagnosis and primary prevention are the foundation of an efficient and economically sustainable healthcare system.</p>","PeriodicalId":12510,"journal":{"name":"Giornale italiano di cardiologia","volume":"27 5 Suppl. 1","pages":"e1-e13"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147836384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"[The TACSI trial: a ride to the paradigm shift of dual antiplatelet therapy after acute coronary syndrome].","authors":"Luca Raone, Leonardo De Luca","doi":"10.1714/4687.47019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1714/4687.47019","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12510,"journal":{"name":"Giornale italiano di cardiologia","volume":"27 5","pages":"309-312"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147768184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"[Diffuse and deep T-wave inversion and my first night on call].","authors":"Claudia Tamburro","doi":"10.1714/4687.47021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1714/4687.47021","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12510,"journal":{"name":"Giornale italiano di cardiologia","volume":"27 5","pages":"317"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147767299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"[The non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction network in Italy: still an unmet need].","authors":"Giuseppe Di Pasquale, Gianni Casella","doi":"10.1714/4687.47028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1714/4687.47028","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12510,"journal":{"name":"Giornale italiano di cardiologia","volume":"27 5","pages":"368-371"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147768209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Matteo Bianco, Concetta Di Nora, Ilaria Battistoni, Gianluigi Tagliamonte, Alfredo Madrid, Massimiliano Rizzo, Luca Scudeler, Samuela Carigi, Luisa De Gennaro, Paolo Manca, Maria Vittoria Matassini, Vittoria Rizzello, Maria Denitza Tinti, Vittorio Palmieri, Renata De Maria, Marco Corda, Alessandro Navazio, Chiara Della Valle, Geza Halasz, Pier Luigi Temporelli, Massimo Iacoviello, Furio Colivicchi, Massimo Grimaldi, Fabrizio Oliva, Mauro Gori
{"title":"[Pharmacological decongestion: from loop diuretics to sequential nephron blockade].","authors":"Matteo Bianco, Concetta Di Nora, Ilaria Battistoni, Gianluigi Tagliamonte, Alfredo Madrid, Massimiliano Rizzo, Luca Scudeler, Samuela Carigi, Luisa De Gennaro, Paolo Manca, Maria Vittoria Matassini, Vittoria Rizzello, Maria Denitza Tinti, Vittorio Palmieri, Renata De Maria, Marco Corda, Alessandro Navazio, Chiara Della Valle, Geza Halasz, Pier Luigi Temporelli, Massimo Iacoviello, Furio Colivicchi, Massimo Grimaldi, Fabrizio Oliva, Mauro Gori","doi":"10.1714/4687.47026","DOIUrl":"10.1714/4687.47026","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Congestion management is a key therapeutic target in heart failure, closely linked to both prognosis and quality of life. Loop diuretics play an important role in the management of decongestive therapy, but their efficacy is often limited by diuretic resistance and empiric dosing strategies. In this context, the concept of sequential nephron blockade - combining agents acting on different tubular segments, such as thiazide diuretics - has gained relevance. More recently, sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors have emerged as effective decongestive agents, offering modest but sustained osmotic-diuretic effects, synergistic with loop diuretics, and a favorable safety profile with low impact on electrolytes, blood pressure, or renal function. Optimal decongestion, however, requires a tailored and dynamic approach, guided by clinical and laboratory markers (e.g. early spot urinary sodium), aimed at enhancing diuretic response while minimizing risks such as worsening renal function, electrolyte disturbances, or metabolic alkalosis. Patient education and home-based monitoring - potentially supported by point-of-care technologies - are critical to improve adherence and reduce inappropriate diuretic use in the chronic management of heart failure.</p>","PeriodicalId":12510,"journal":{"name":"Giornale italiano di cardiologia","volume":"27 5","pages":"348-359"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147768211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"[Giornale Italiano di Cardiologia and artificial intelligence].","authors":"Giuseppe Di Pasquale","doi":"10.1714/4687.47018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1714/4687.47018","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12510,"journal":{"name":"Giornale italiano di cardiologia","volume":"27 5","pages":"307-308"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147767934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Paolo Manca, Maria Vittoria Matassini, Piero Gentile, Emilia D'Elia, Concetta Di Nora, Luca Fazzini, Luca Baldetti, Riccardo M Inciardi, Renata De Maria, Samuela Carigi, Vincenzo Nuzzi, Manlio Cipriani, Luisa De Gennaro, Matteo Bianco, Maria Denitza Tinti, Vittorio Palmieri, Vittoria Rizzello, Sara Doimo, Simone Cappannelli, Marco Marini, Andrea Garascia, Gabriella Masciocco, Michele Senni, Mauro Driussi, Silvia Ajello, Anna Mara Scandroglio, Marco Metra, Marco Corda, Furio Colivicchi, Massimo Grimaldi, Fabrizio Oliva, Mauro Gori
{"title":"[Inotropic therapy in outpatients with worsening or advanced heart failure: literature evidence and comparison of Italian management models].","authors":"Paolo Manca, Maria Vittoria Matassini, Piero Gentile, Emilia D'Elia, Concetta Di Nora, Luca Fazzini, Luca Baldetti, Riccardo M Inciardi, Renata De Maria, Samuela Carigi, Vincenzo Nuzzi, Manlio Cipriani, Luisa De Gennaro, Matteo Bianco, Maria Denitza Tinti, Vittorio Palmieri, Vittoria Rizzello, Sara Doimo, Simone Cappannelli, Marco Marini, Andrea Garascia, Gabriella Masciocco, Michele Senni, Mauro Driussi, Silvia Ajello, Anna Mara Scandroglio, Marco Metra, Marco Corda, Furio Colivicchi, Massimo Grimaldi, Fabrizio Oliva, Mauro Gori","doi":"10.1714/4663.46754","DOIUrl":"10.1714/4663.46754","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Home-based inotropic therapy represents a therapeutic strategy in patients with advanced heart failure (AdvHF), both for a bridge to life-saving treatments such as heart transplant or ventricular assist devices and for palliative care in patients not eligible for these therapeutic options. In this review, we explore the role of home-administered inotropes, specifically dobutamine, milrinone, dopamine, and levosimendan, in the management of AdvHF patients through a summary of current literature and the presentation of management models adopted in selected Italian centers. Reported experiences suggest improved quality of life, reduced hospital admissions, and enhanced clinical stability in patients with AdvHF. These models may serve as practical examples for organizing care pathways in a clinical context that remains poorly defined by current guidelines.</p>","PeriodicalId":12510,"journal":{"name":"Giornale italiano di cardiologia","volume":"27 4","pages":"264-275"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147511198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}