Giornale italiano di cardiologia最新文献

{"title":"[Fixed-dose combination therapy with rosuvastatin/acetylsalicylic acid in the cardiovascular risk continuum].","authors":"Stefania Angela Di Fusco, Andrea Matteucci, Antonella Spinelli, Silvio Fedele, Stefano Aquilani, Federico Nardi, Furio Colivicchi","doi":"10.1714/4525.45246","DOIUrl":"10.1714/4525.45246","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The use of polypill, a single pill containing more therapeutic agents, has shown to increase therapeutic adherence and improve cardiovascular prognosis. Among the several polypills currently available, the fixed dose combination of rosuvastatin at different doses and acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) at low dose represents a useful therapeutic option for cardiovascular disease prevention. When the impact of rosuvastatin in association with ASA on cardiovascular disease incidence has been compared with the combination of other statins with ASA, rosuvastatin plus ASA is the combination associated with the lowest incidence of several cardiovascular diseases. As regards the use of ASA in primary prevention, the global clinical benefit may be weakened by the occurrence of bleedings. Therefore, in primary prevention, the combination rosuvastatin/ASA may be considered when the bleeding risk is low and the cardiovascular risk is augmented. In secondary prevention, the need for an early optimal management of cholesterol control may require the use of a fixed dose combination of statin/ezetimibe and ASA in a separate formulation. However, in selected cases in which the distance from the therapeutic low-density lipoprotein cholesterol target does not require the combination of high efficacy statin with ezetimibe, the fixed dose combination rosuvastatin/ASA may be considered even in secondary prevention.</p>","PeriodicalId":12510,"journal":{"name":"Giornale italiano di cardiologia","volume":"26 7 Suppl. 1","pages":"9-14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144575238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[The long journey of treatment of congenital heart disease].","authors":"Gaetano Domenico Gargiulo, Gabriele Egidy Assenza, Lucio Careddu, Francesco Dimitri Petridis, Luca Ragni, Emanuela Angeli","doi":"10.1714/4522.45224","DOIUrl":"10.1714/4522.45224","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Congenital heart defects (CHDs) are the leading congenital anomalies in humans, with approximately 1.3 million worldwide cases each year. In the past, they were one of the leading causes of infant mortality, and only 15% of patients in the 1940s and 1950s reached adulthood. Today, a profound shift in survival rate has occurred thanks to technological advancements, a deeper understanding of these conditions, early diagnosis capabilities, and neonatal surgery, with 90-95% of newborns with CHD reaching adulthood. The future of CHDs looks promising, with genetic and epigenetic discoveries enabling personalized treatments and improvements in the management of long-term complications. Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine could revolutionize treatment, with the creation of custom-made heart valves and vascular tissues, as well as cellular therapies to improve myocardial function, along with potential solutions for complete heart replacement in cases of myocardial failure. The future challenge remains ensuring that children born with CHDs not only have a long life but also a quality of life comparable to that of all other children.</p>","PeriodicalId":12510,"journal":{"name":"Giornale italiano di cardiologia","volume":"26 7","pages":"500-509"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144495694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[ANMCO Position paper in collaboration with ITACARE-P: Management of hospital discharge].","authors":"Carmine Riccio, Francesco Fattirolli, Marco Ambrosetti, Giovanna Geraci, Massimo Milli, Maurizio Giuseppe Abrignani, Maria Elisabetta Angelino, Michela Barisone, Barbara Biffi, Arturo Cesaro, Maurizio de Giovanni, Stefania Angela Di Fusco, Andrea Di Lenarda, Antonio Mazza, Damiano Parretti, Donatella Radini, Matteo Ruzzolini, Simonetta Scalvini, Pietro Scicchitano, Elio Venturini, Claudio Bilato, Pasqualina Calisi, Marco Corda, Leonardo De Luca, Massimo Di Marco, Attilio Iacovoni, Francesco Maranta, Alessandro Navazio, Vittorio Pascale, Massimo Pistono, Emanuele Tizzani, Marika Werren, Michele Massimo Gulizia, Federico Nardi, Domenico Gabrielli, Furio Colivicchi, Massimo Grimaldi, Fabrizio Oliva","doi":"10.1714/4522.45226","DOIUrl":"10.1714/4522.45226","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hospital discharge is a crucial moment in the continuity of care, acting as a bridge between the acute phase and the treatment pathway that follows. Far from being a simple administrative act, it is a complex process requiring careful planning, effective communication, and the active involvement of all the stakeholders of the healthcare system, including the patient. Poor discharge management can have a negative impact on clinical outcomes, resulting in a higher risk of hospital readmission and inefficient use of healthcare resources. Taking into account the increasingly old, fragile population showing a high prevalence of comorbidities and complex care needs, it is essential to consider discharge as a comprehensive and integrated approach to the care continuum. This document arises from the necessity to share an updated and practical model for the management of hospital discharge, based on the latest scientific evidence and multidisciplinary experience, its aim being to promote continuity of care and personalized treatment as well as to improve health outcomes. The authors intend to provide clinical cardiologists with a unified tool for the management of patient discharge, offering concrete proposals to improve communication between physicians and patients, optimize therapies, and positively impact health outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":12510,"journal":{"name":"Giornale italiano di cardiologia","volume":"26 7","pages":"519-539"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144495687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Evolution of cardiovascular risk stratification].","authors":"Andrea Matteucci, Stefania Angela Di Fusco, Alessandro Aiello, Silvio Fedele, Stefano Aquilani, Federico Nardi, Furio Colivicchi","doi":"10.1714/4525.45245","DOIUrl":"10.1714/4525.45245","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cardiovascular risk stratification represents a cornerstone in preventing and managing atherosclerotic diseases. There has been a profound transformation in risk assessment models in recent years, shifting from static and uniform approaches to dynamic, integrated, and increasingly personalized paradigms. The SCORE2, SCORE2-OP, SCORE2-Diabetes and SMART2 tools allow for a more accurate and context-specific estimation of absolute cardiovascular risk by incorporating clinical and demographic variables such as age, comorbidities, metabolic profile, and geographic context. In parallel, the use of advanced non-invasive imaging techniques, parameters such as coronary artery calcium scoring and carotid intima-media thickness, as well as biomarkers, has enabled the early identification of apparently healthy individuals who are at hidden risk. This shift also challenges the traditional dichotomy of primary and secondary prevention, favoring a more continuous and nuanced concept of risk stratification. The integration of clinical, instrumental, and biological data now allows for more refined and timely risk assessment, paving the way for earlier, more targeted, and intensive preventive strategies aimed at reducing the incidence of cardiovascular events and significantly improving long-term outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":12510,"journal":{"name":"Giornale italiano di cardiologia","volume":"26 7 Suppl. 1","pages":"3-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144575237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Heart, sport, and genetic testing].","authors":"Stefania Angela Di Fusco, Silvia Castelletti, Cristina Chimenti, Martina Nesti, Carlo Pignalberi, Susanna Grego, Jacopo Costantino, Andrea Matteucci, Vered Gil Ad, Fabiana Lucà, Claudio Bilato, Carmine Riccio, Federico Nardi, Giovanna Geraci, Domenico Gabrielli, Massimo Grimaldi, Fabrizio Oliva, Furio Colivicchi","doi":"10.1714/4501.45024","DOIUrl":"10.1714/4501.45024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Genetic tests are useful in the, even early, diagnosis and management of various hereditary pathologies with cardiovascular involvement such as cardiomyopathies, arrhythmic diseases, and aortic diseases. The diagnosis of these diseases can be challenging in athletes where the ECG and echocardiogram show physiological alterations due to intense physical activity. However, if performed inappropriately and if not interpreted by a team of professionals with multidisciplinary skills, genetic tests can lead to unnecessary disqualifications from sports activity with important psychological repercussions as well as on the athlete's career. This review analyzes the potential role of genetic tests in the presence of clinical/instrumental findings (ECG, imaging) that require a precise distinction between adaptive changes in the athlete's heart and hereditary pathologies. Furthermore, the impact of test results in prognostic stratification in athletes with a defined diagnosis is discussed. The objective is to provide clinicians, who in their work find dubious clinical pictures or previous diagnoses of dubious prognostic significance, with the basic tools to decide when to recommend genetic testing. The review examines the role of genetic tests in athletes in three specific cardiological contexts: cardiomyopathies, channelopathies, and aortic diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":12510,"journal":{"name":"Giornale italiano di cardiologia","volume":"26 6","pages":"432-440"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144157785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[The long QT syndrome: a critical approach to diagnosis and management].","authors":"Peter J Schwartz, Federica Dagradi, Fulvio L F Giovenzana, Paolo Cerea","doi":"10.1714/4501.45020","DOIUrl":"10.1714/4501.45020","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The long QT syndrome (LQTS) is a cardiac disease of genetic origin which, unless properly diagnosed and managed, carries a high risk for sudden cardiac death, especially among youngsters. At the same time, the available therapies are quite effective. Most lethal episodes occur as the sentinel event, stressing the fact that most of the time there is no room for error in diagnosis or management. Here, we endeavored to share the 50-year specific experience of our group, by critically discussing both the approach and management of LQTS. Following an analysis of the clinical impact of the genetic findings, essential for personalized management, we focused on diagnosis and especially on management by analyzing the therapies currently available (beta-blockers, left cardiac sympathetic denervation, mexiletine and the implantable cardioverter-defibrillator) and those which are still experimental. We thought it appropriate to show examples of major clinical errors which unfortunately keep recurring. LQTS is a moving target, because the arrhythmic risk can decrease in response to therapy or increase for still unknown reasons: this forces the need for a constant reassessment of the arrhythmic risk of these patients. This regular reassessment, which we deem essential to protect the patients' life, represents an integral part of our management strategy because it allows yearly therapeutic optimization, key to our patients' survival. Practically, almost all patients with LQTS could have an essentially normal life, if they are correctly managed.</p>","PeriodicalId":12510,"journal":{"name":"Giornale italiano di cardiologia","volume":"26 6","pages":"395-407"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144157861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[A new article type of the Giornale Italiano di Cardiologia: artificial intelligence in cardiology].","authors":"Giuseppe Di Pasquale","doi":"10.1714/4488.44881","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1714/4488.44881","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12510,"journal":{"name":"Giornale italiano di cardiologia","volume":"26 5","pages":"301"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144002795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[NSTEMI and anomalous origin of the coronary artery: the crucial role of multimodality imaging in guiding treatment].","authors":"Chiara Belardinelli, Federico Fortuni, Gianluca Serena","doi":"10.1714/4488.44890","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1714/4488.44890","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12510,"journal":{"name":"Giornale italiano di cardiologia","volume":"26 5","pages":"e5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143974775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Artificial intelligence in cardiology and beyond].","authors":"Roberto Ferrari, Luigi Tavazzi","doi":"10.1714/4488.44884","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1714/4488.44884","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12510,"journal":{"name":"Giornale italiano di cardiologia","volume":"26 5","pages":"309-315"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143992842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[ANMCO Position paper: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: from diagnosis to treatment].","authors":"Cristina Chimenti, Attilio Iacovoni, Andrea Montalto, Michele Emdin, Iacopo Olivotto, Cristina Basso, Benedetta Carla De Chiara, Irene Bottillo, Claudio Mario Ciampi, Santo Dellegrottaglie, Massimo Di Marco, Piero Gentile, Francesca Girolami, Paola Grammatico, Maria Iascone, Eluisa La Franca, Carla Lofiego, Andrea Matteucci, Daniele Pasqualucci, Samuele Pentiricci, Enrica Perugini, Maurizio Pieroni, Giovanni Quarta, Federica Re, Laura Scelsi, Giancarlo Todiere, Maria Alfarano, Monica De Gaspari, Claudio Bilato, Marco Corda, Leonardo De Luca, Giovanna Geraci, Massimo Milli, Alessandro Navazio, Vittorio Pascale, Carmine Riccio, Pietro Scicchitano, Emanuele Tizzani, Michele Massimo Gulizia, Federico Nardi, Domenico Gabrielli, Furio Colivicchi, Massimo Grimaldi, Fabrizio Oliva","doi":"10.1714/4488.44889","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1714/4488.44889","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a non-rare genetic cardiomyopathy, with an estimated prevalence of 1:500, characterized by an increase in the left ventricular wall thickness in absence of increased loading conditions. The hypertrophy is mostly asymmetric and predominantly affects the basal septum and anterior wall. Left ventricular outflow tract obstruction, at rest or after provocative tests, is detected in many patients and represents the primary cause of reduced functional capacity, as well as an independent predictor of sudden cardiac death and advanced heart failure. Until about 1 year ago, symptomatic patients despite maximal therapy with beta-blockers or calcium channel blockers, with or without disopyramide, had only basal septal reduction therapy via myectomy or alcohol septal ablation as additional therapeutic options. Today, a new class of drugs that inhibit cardiac myosin activity is available for patients with obstructive HCM.In light of the new treatment perspectives, the correct clinical-therapeutic classification of affected patients becomes of fundamental importance for the cardiologist. The aim of this position paper is to increase the knowledge of cardiologists in the field of HCM, defining its epidemiological, genetic and pathological characteristics, identifying the diagnostic criteria and instrumental methods capable of stratifying the risk profile, with the aim of an optimal therapy tailored on the single patient.</p>","PeriodicalId":12510,"journal":{"name":"Giornale italiano di cardiologia","volume":"26 5","pages":"356-377"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143994531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}