Giornale italiano di cardiologia最新文献

{"title":"[Substance-related cardiovascular diseases: definition, distinctive features and clinical implications of a novel nosological entity].","authors":"Francesco Ciccirillo, Maurizio Giuseppe Abrignani, Maria Alfarano, Antonio Francesco Amico, Giovanni Donato Aquaro, Claudio Bilato, Giulio Binaghi, Pasquale Caldarola, Cristina Chimenti, Marco Corda, Benedetta Carla De Chiara, Salvatore De Fazio, Leonardo De Luca, Stefania Angela Di Fusco, Luca Di Ienno, Massimo Di Marco, Giuseppe Di Tano, Gabriele Egidy Assenza, Mariagrazia Fasoli, Andrea Garascia, Giovanna Geraci, Mauro Gori, Massimo Iacoviello, Fabiana Lucà, Antonia Mannarini, Massimo Milli, Andrea Montalto, Alessandro Navazio, Iris Parrini, Vittorio Pascale, Ennio Carmine Luigi Pisanò, Loris Roncon, Laura Scelsi, Pietro Scicchitano, Fortunato Scotto di Uccio, Emanuele Tizzani, Domenico Gabrielli, Fabrizio Oliva, Federico Nardi, Massimo Grimaldi","doi":"10.1714/4696.47087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1714/4696.47087","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Substance use represents a relevant yet underrecognized determinant of cardiovascular diseases, acting through substance-specific and often multifactorial mechanisms. This document proposes the concept of substance-related cardiovascular diseases (Sr-CVD) as a possible novel nosological entity, outlining its main clinical implications. Available epidemiological and pathophysiological evidence is reviewed, and the clinical, instrumental, and therapeutic-management features of the main cardiovascular conditions associated with substance use are described. These elements support clinical suspicion, differential diagnosis, and a precision medicine approach. In cases where a definite causal relationship cannot be established, the term \"cardiovascular diseases in individuals with substance use\" is proposed to identify a population at increased cardiovascular risk with specific clinical needs. Sr-CVD represent a heterogeneous group of conditions requiring a structured and multidisciplinary clinical approach. The introduction of this conceptual framework may improve the recognition, management, and prevention of substance-related cardiovascular damage.</p>","PeriodicalId":12510,"journal":{"name":"Giornale italiano di cardiologia","volume":"27 5 Suppl. 1","pages":"e34-e58"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147836374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[ANMCO Position paper: Primary cardiovascular prevention].","authors":"Stefania Angela Di Fusco, Pietro Scicchitano, Claudio Bilato, Daniela Aschieri, Ilaria Battistoni, Chiara Dalla Valle, Giovanna Geraci, Vered Gil Ad, Simona Giubilato, Attilio Iacovoni, Fabiana Lucà, Barbara Maria Teresa Mabritto, Massimo Milli, Luigi Pollarolo, Antonio Parente, Pier Luigi Temporelli, Francesco Vigorito, Marco Zuin, Domenico Gabrielli, Furio Colivicchi, Fabrizio Oliva, Federico Nardi, Massimo Grimaldi","doi":"10.1714/4696.47083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1714/4696.47083","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Preventing the development and progression of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease is a challenge that is part of the mission of many clinicians, particularly those working in cardiology. Given the demonstrated cumulative effect of risk factors, early recognition of these factors and the implementation of both pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions allows for more effective prevention of cardiovascular events. The purpose of this ANMCO position paper is to guide clinicians in the early identification of conditions that increase the risk of developing cardiovascular events and to provide guidance on the most appropriate interventions. The paper briefly reviews the evidence supporting the cumulative impact of traditional risk factors over time. The role of risk stratification tools such as SCORE2, SCORE2-OP, and SCORE2-Diabetes, as well as emerging biomarkers, is discussed. For risk factors such as hypertension, dyslipidemia, and diabetes, the recommended targets and current therapeutic options are illustrated. The pharmacological interventions currently available for managing obesity-associated cardiovascular risk and the indications for antiplatelet treatment in the context of primary prevention are also discussed. Overall, early diagnosis and primary prevention are the foundation of an efficient and economically sustainable healthcare system.</p>","PeriodicalId":12510,"journal":{"name":"Giornale italiano di cardiologia","volume":"27 5 Suppl. 1","pages":"e1-e13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147836384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[The TACSI trial: a ride to the paradigm shift of dual antiplatelet therapy after acute coronary syndrome].","authors":"Luca Raone, Leonardo De Luca","doi":"10.1714/4687.47019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1714/4687.47019","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12510,"journal":{"name":"Giornale italiano di cardiologia","volume":"27 5","pages":"309-312"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147768184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Diffuse and deep T-wave inversion and my first night on call].","authors":"Claudia Tamburro","doi":"10.1714/4687.47021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1714/4687.47021","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12510,"journal":{"name":"Giornale italiano di cardiologia","volume":"27 5","pages":"317"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147767299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[The VESALIUS-CV trial: new horizons in cardiovascular prevention].","authors":"Pietro Scicchitano, Claudio Bilato, Giovanna Geraci, Massimo Grimaldi","doi":"10.1714/4696.47084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1714/4696.47084","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12510,"journal":{"name":"Giornale italiano di cardiologia","volume":"27 5 Suppl. 1","pages":"e14-e18"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147836348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[The non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction network in Italy: still an unmet need].","authors":"Giuseppe Di Pasquale, Gianni Casella","doi":"10.1714/4687.47028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1714/4687.47028","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12510,"journal":{"name":"Giornale italiano di cardiologia","volume":"27 5","pages":"368-371"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147768209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Giornale Italiano di Cardiologia and artificial intelligence].","authors":"Giuseppe Di Pasquale","doi":"10.1714/4687.47018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1714/4687.47018","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12510,"journal":{"name":"Giornale italiano di cardiologia","volume":"27 5","pages":"307-308"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147767934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Pharmacological decongestion: from loop diuretics to sequential nephron blockade].","authors":"Matteo Bianco, Concetta Di Nora, Ilaria Battistoni, Gianluigi Tagliamonte, Alfredo Madrid, Massimiliano Rizzo, Luca Scudeler, Samuela Carigi, Luisa De Gennaro, Paolo Manca, Maria Vittoria Matassini, Vittoria Rizzello, Maria Denitza Tinti, Vittorio Palmieri, Renata De Maria, Marco Corda, Alessandro Navazio, Chiara Della Valle, Geza Halasz, Pier Luigi Temporelli, Massimo Iacoviello, Furio Colivicchi, Massimo Grimaldi, Fabrizio Oliva, Mauro Gori","doi":"10.1714/4687.47026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1714/4687.47026","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Congestion management is a key therapeutic target in heart failure, closely linked to both prognosis and quality of life. Loop diuretics play an important role in the management of decongestive therapy, but their efficacy is often limited by diuretic resistance and empiric dosing strategies. In this context, the concept of sequential nephron blockade - combining agents acting on different tubular segments, such as thiazide diuretics - has gained relevance. More recently, sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors have emerged as effective decongestive agents, offering modest but sustained osmotic-diuretic effects, synergistic with loop diuretics, and a favorable safety profile with low impact on electrolytes, blood pressure, or renal function. Optimal decongestion, however, requires a tailored and dynamic approach, guided by clinical and laboratory markers (e.g. early spot urinary sodium), aimed at enhancing diuretic response while minimizing risks such as worsening renal function, electrolyte disturbances, or metabolic alkalosis. Patient education and home-based monitoring - potentially supported by point-of-care technologies - are critical to improve adherence and reduce inappropriate diuretic use in the chronic management of heart failure.</p>","PeriodicalId":12510,"journal":{"name":"Giornale italiano di cardiologia","volume":"27 5","pages":"348-359"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147768211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Artificial intelligence in the diagnosis and management of aortic disease: current applications and future directions].","authors":"Francesco Buia, Luca Bergamaschi, Paola Franceschi, Vincenzo Russo, Luigi Lovato","doi":"10.1714/4636.46466","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1714/4636.46466","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly transforming the field of aortic imaging, enhancing diagnostic accuracy, risk stratification, and treatment planning. This review provides a comprehensive overview of AI applications in measuring aortic dimensions, detecting and characterizing aneurysms, dissections, and atherosclerotic disease, as well as predicting clinical outcomes. Automated measurement and segmentation tools, powered by deep learning algorithms, offer reproducible and time-efficient assessments, reducing inter- and intraobserver variability. In atherosclerotic disease, AI enables objective quantification of calcification burden and advanced radiomic analysis for prognostic stratification. In acute aortic syndromes, AI-based models improve diagnostic sensitivity, assist in differentiating true from false lumens, and predict complications or surgical outcomes. The integration of emerging technologies such as radiomics, dual-energy computed tomography, photon-counting computed tomography, and computational fluid dynamics further expands predictive capabilities, potentially leading to personalized \"digital twin\" models for therapeutic decision-making. Despite promising results, challenges remain in software availability, cost, data integration, and defining the radiologist's evolving role. AI holds the potential to become an indispensable tool in aortic disease management, bridging imaging, clinical, and computational domains to improve patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":12510,"journal":{"name":"Giornale italiano di cardiologia","volume":"27 2","pages":"92-101"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146105026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Clear Pathway: the role of bempedoic acid in lipid-lowering strategies. The opinion of cardiologists from Piedmont and Aosta Valley, Italy].","authors":"Federico Nardi, Giuseppe Patti, Giorgio Quadri, Luigi Pollarolo, Gianluca Alunni, Monica Andriani, Andrea Angelini, Marzia Bertolazzi, Giacomo Boccuzzi, Michele Capriolo, Alessandra Chinaglia, Michele de Benedictis, Ovidio De Filippo, Pierfranco Dellavesa, Fabrizio Delnevo, Sara Ferrillo, Massimo Giammaria, Antonio Lanfranchi, Piergiuseppe Greco Lucchina, Stefano Maffè, Marco Pavani, Elisa Pelloni, Davide Presutti, Maria Elena Rovere, Paolo Scacciatella, Gaetano Senatore, Erika Taravelli, Orazio Viola, Greca Zanda, Maurizio D'Amico, Gaetano Maria De Ferrari, Antonio Della Valle, Mauro Feola, Walter Grosso Marra, Alessandro Lupi, Claudio Moretti, Gianfranco Pistis, Francesco Rametta, Andrea Rognoni, Roberta Rossini, Marco Scaglione, Ferdinando Varbella, Giuseppe Musumeci","doi":"10.1714/4636.46470","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1714/4636.46470","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Although international guidelines recommend increasingly lower thresholds for low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), everyday clinical experience shows that many patients fail to reach these targets, exposing themselves to a significant residual cardiovascular risk. Clear Pathway - a patient-centered approach to dyslipidemia - was developed to bridge this gap by promoting an integrated use of oral lipid-lowering therapies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In the Clear Pathway project, a panel of hospital cardiologists applied a mini-Delphi methodology in two rounds to evaluate 20 statements related to lipid-lowering therapy, divided into three thematic areas: oral combination and fixed-dose strategies; use of LDL-C target distance as a guide to treatment decisions; and personalization based on patient's clinical profile. Each statement was rated on a 1-5 Likert scale and approved if the average score was ≥4.0. Statements not approved in the first round were reformulated and resubmitted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the first round, 17 out of 20 statements met the consensus threshold and were approved without any modification. The three statements not approved (early intensification in post-acute coronary syndrome patients with LDL-C <140 mg/dl, use of bempedoic acid in patients undergoing elective angioplasty, and in those one with stroke) were reformulated and resubmitted during a second round, where they also reached the approval threshold.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The Clear Pathway recommendations outline a model for dyslipidemia management based on integrated oral therapies, with a key role for bempedoic acid. Adopting these guidelines is expected to improve adherence, optimize achievement of LDL-C targets, and reduce the incidence of cardiovascular events in routine clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":12510,"journal":{"name":"Giornale italiano di cardiologia","volume":"27 2","pages":"130-140"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146104772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}