发布求助
文献互助 智能选刊 最新文献

Political Institutions: Legislatures eJournal最新文献

筛选
英文 中文
Randomly Selected Representative Committees 随机选出的代表委员会
Political Institutions: Legislatures eJournal Pub Date : 2021-07-18 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3888956
Michael Hasday, Josep E. Peris, Begoña Subiza
{"title":"Randomly Selected Representative Committees","authors":"Michael Hasday, Josep E. Peris, Begoña Subiza","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3888956","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3888956","url":null,"abstract":"When selecting a committee that decides for an entire body of members of a society (a court, legislature, etc.) two main methods are used: random assignment and direct election (whereby the latter method is made by some authority). It is known that both methods have some flaws (Hasday, 2017). We present a new method that proposes a pool of committees so that by randomly selecting a committee within this pool, all members in the society have equal opportunities of being selected and properties of representativeness and coherence are fulfilled.","PeriodicalId":125020,"journal":{"name":"Political Institutions: Legislatures eJournal","volume":"77 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115976293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Quantifying Vote Trading Through Network Reciprocity 通过网络互惠量化投票交易
Political Institutions: Legislatures eJournal Pub Date : 2021-06-14 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3866572
Omar A. Guerrero, Ulrich Matter
{"title":"Quantifying Vote Trading Through Network Reciprocity","authors":"Omar A. Guerrero, Ulrich Matter","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3866572","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3866572","url":null,"abstract":"Building on the concept of reciprocity in directed weighted networks, we propose a framework to study legislative vote trading. We first discuss the conditions to quantify vote trading empirically. We then illustrate how a simple empirical framework--complementary to existing approaches--can facilitate the discovery and measurement of vote trading in roll-call data. The application of the suggested procedure preserves the micro-structure of trades between individual legislators, shedding light on, so far, unstudied aspects of vote trading. Validation is provided via Monte Carlo simulation of the legislative process (with and without vote trading). Applications to two major studies in the field provide richer, yet consistent evidence on vote trading in US politics.","PeriodicalId":125020,"journal":{"name":"Political Institutions: Legislatures eJournal","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131463503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Frontier Planters, Immigrants, and the Abolition of Slavery in Brazil 边疆种植园主、移民和巴西奴隶制的废除
Political Institutions: Legislatures eJournal Pub Date : 2021-06-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3866950
F. Seyler, Arthur Silve
{"title":"Frontier Planters, Immigrants, and the Abolition of Slavery in Brazil","authors":"F. Seyler, Arthur Silve","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3866950","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3866950","url":null,"abstract":"A protracted legislative battle culminated in the abolition of slavery in Brazil in 1888. We build a new data set of roll-call votes on 1884-1888 emancipation bills in the legislature, and connect it to local features of the districts. This allows us to unpack how the material interests of each of the 122 electoral districts coalesced into an abolitionist coalition. Our results help reconcile previous theories of labor coercion. We find that slavery-intensive districts opposed emancipation. In line with a labor demand effect, we also find more support for emancipation where immigrants provided an alternative source of labor, and in line with an outside option effect, where enslaved persons could more easily escape. A two-pronged instrumental variables strategy that uses variation in (a) history and geography and (b) heteroskedasticity with respect to the regressors supports a causal interpretation of our main results.","PeriodicalId":125020,"journal":{"name":"Political Institutions: Legislatures eJournal","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123802013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Opinion Polarization in a Parliamentary Institution Generates Extreme Legislation 议会制度中的意见两极化产生了极端立法
Political Institutions: Legislatures eJournal Pub Date : 2020-10-14 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3721300
Avinat Gottesman
{"title":"Opinion Polarization in a Parliamentary Institution Generates Extreme Legislation","authors":"Avinat Gottesman","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3721300","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3721300","url":null,"abstract":"How does opinion polarization over matters of moral conviction affect the legislative outcome of parliamentary institutions? Analysis reveals that in the relatively common case, in which a party's voting power is positively correlated with the public support of the convictions it represents, if polarization is high, the outcome governing coalition espouses extreme off-median moral views on legislation. A trivial feature of the model is that the resistance of representatives towards conceding on matters of moral conviction is an inverse function of available transferable benefits, implying the symptoms of opinion polarization are equally triggered by shifts in the institution's buying power.","PeriodicalId":125020,"journal":{"name":"Political Institutions: Legislatures eJournal","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128365208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Testimony of Jesse M. Fried on Stock Buybacks before the U.S. House of Representatives Subcommittee on Investor Protection, Entrepreneurship, and Capital Markets 杰西·m·弗里德在美国众议院投资者保护、创业和资本市场小组委员会就股票回购问题作证
Political Institutions: Legislatures eJournal Pub Date : 2019-10-17 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3474175
J. Fried
{"title":"Testimony of Jesse M. Fried on Stock Buybacks before the U.S. House of Representatives Subcommittee on Investor Protection, Entrepreneurship, and Capital Markets","authors":"J. Fried","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3474175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3474175","url":null,"abstract":"This statement presents my views on buybacks and my general reactions to provisions in four pieces of legislation relating to stock buybacks. <br><br>Part I describes the role of stock buybacks in the economy and offers some “investor-benign” explanations for firms’ use of repurchases rather than dividends to distribute cash to investors. Part I then explains that the overall level of shareholder payouts (that is, the total amount of dividends and repurchases) does not appear to be too high; in fact, it may well be too low.<br><br>Part II describes the current regulation of buybacks, which I believe is too lax and enables their abuse by corporate executives. In particular, I will explain how current regulation can enable executives to use buybacks to enrich themselves at the expense of public investors, through (1) indirect insider trading, (2) the manipulation of the stock price and EPS metrics in compensation arrangements, and (3) “false signaling:” announcing repurchases that executives do not intend to carry out, solely to boost the stock price before executives unload shares.<br><br>Part III suggests a disclosure rule that would reduce executives’ ability to engage in the above-mentioned abuses, and therefore, better protect public investors: requiring public firms (like their insiders) to disclose trades in firm stock within two business days. I also describe additional measures that could be taken if this disclosure rule turns out be insufficient.<br><br>Part IV offers initial reactions to key provisions in these four pieces of legislation.","PeriodicalId":125020,"journal":{"name":"Political Institutions: Legislatures eJournal","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129400046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Who Becomes a Member of Congress? Evidence from De-Anonymized Census Data 谁成为国会议员?来自去匿名化人口普查数据的证据
Political Institutions: Legislatures eJournal Pub Date : 2019-08-01 DOI: 10.3386/W26156
J. Feigenbaum, Andrew B. Hall, Jesse Yoder
{"title":"Who Becomes a Member of Congress? Evidence from De-Anonymized Census Data","authors":"J. Feigenbaum, Andrew B. Hall, Jesse Yoder","doi":"10.3386/W26156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3386/W26156","url":null,"abstract":"We link future members of Congress to the de-anonymized 1940 census to offer a uniquely detailed analysis of how economically unrepresentative American politicians were in the 20th century, and why. Future members under the age of 18 in 1940 grew up in households with parents who earned more than twice as much as the population average and who were more than 6 times as likely as the general population to hold college degrees. However, compared to siblings who did not become politicians, future members of Congress between the ages of 18 and 40 in 1940 were higher-earners and more educated, indicating that socioeconomic background alone does not explain the differences between politicians and non-politicians. Examining a smaller sample of candidates that includes non-winners, we find that the candidate pool is much higher-earning and more educated than the general population. At the same time, among the candidate pool, elections advantage candidates with higher earnings ability and education. We conclude that barriers to entry likely deter a more economically representative candidate pool, but that electoral advantages for more-educated individuals with more private-sector success also play an important role.","PeriodicalId":125020,"journal":{"name":"Political Institutions: Legislatures eJournal","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114901420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 17
Ideology in Times of Crisis: A Principal Component Analysis of Votes in the European Parliament, 2004–2019 危机时期的意识形态:2004-2019年欧洲议会投票的主成分分析
Political Institutions: Legislatures eJournal Pub Date : 2019-06-27 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3410933
Anatole Cheysson, Nicolò Fraccaroli
{"title":"Ideology in Times of Crisis: A Principal Component Analysis of Votes in the European Parliament, 2004–2019","authors":"Anatole Cheysson, Nicolò Fraccaroli","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3410933","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3410933","url":null,"abstract":"This paper aims to identify the main dividing lines that determine the voting behaviour of Members of the European Parliament (MEPs) and how they evolved throughout the crisis. Introducing a new database that collects and classifies the full population of plenary votes from 2004 to 2019, this work uses principal component analysis to identify the latent patterns on which MEPs ally and divide. Focussing on economic votes, it finds that, while pre-crisis votes were mainly determined by differences across the left-vs-right spectrum and, only secondly, by differences in support for European integration, the crisis inverted this trend, making support for Europe the most relevant dividing line in the European Parliament. In support of this evidence, the paper introduces a new vote-scraping technique to investigate the ideological nature of these dimensions. Vote scraping reveals that the left-right cleavage is mainly ideological but with limited impact on budgetary resources, whereas the European dimension mostly reflects a conflict over the budget, with higher legislative impact and seemingly low ideological content.","PeriodicalId":125020,"journal":{"name":"Political Institutions: Legislatures eJournal","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129134639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
State of Parliament in the Arab States 阿拉伯国家的议会状况
Political Institutions: Legislatures eJournal Pub Date : 2018-12-03 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3294968
Ali Sawi
{"title":"State of Parliament in the Arab States","authors":"Ali Sawi","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3294968","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3294968","url":null,"abstract":"Parliaments and councils do exist in the Arab region more than ever. It is indeed an age of parliaments in the region. However, assessing the role and efficiency of Arab parliaments is one of the most difficult tasks to tackle. One can find no credible answers to many simple questions concerning these important institutions. What is the percentage of participation in parliamentary election? Are there any reliable and applicable indicators to measure the efficiency of Arab parliaments? What are differences and similarities between Arab parliaments and how relative are these to the capability of different parliaments of performing their functions properly? How can we judge an Arab parliament as \"good\" or \"efficient\"? What questions must donors raise before launching democracy assistance and parliamentary capacity building projects in the region. These are just few examples of such basic questions that remain without clear answers, which this paper would try to discuss.","PeriodicalId":125020,"journal":{"name":"Political Institutions: Legislatures eJournal","volume":"91 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115266765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Advice and Consent: When Senators Should Act Like Fiduciaries 建议与同意:参议员应该像受托人一样行事
Political Institutions: Legislatures eJournal Pub Date : 2018-10-03 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3260191
William H. Widen
{"title":"Advice and Consent: When Senators Should Act Like Fiduciaries","authors":"William H. Widen","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3260191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3260191","url":null,"abstract":"There follows three simple points about the fiduciary ideal and its application to the nomination of Judge Brett Kavanaugh to the Supreme Court. First, though the Constitution does not contain the standard for advice and consent, the rationale given for its structure in the Federalist Papers suggests such a fiduciary role. Second, the role of a fiduciary requires conservatism in the standard of evaluation chosen—and not a rush to apply a high standard such as “beyond a reasonable doubt” appropriate in a criminal trial by unthinking appeal to “due process,” “rule of law” or “presumption of innocence.” Third, in a case where testimony from an alleged victim of a sexual assault, or even sexual harassment, is evaluated in an advice and consent proceeding it is instructive to look at how other legislators (in the interest of promoting justice), as custodians of state criminal laws, have attempted to reform the laws relating to rape.","PeriodicalId":125020,"journal":{"name":"Political Institutions: Legislatures eJournal","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131175571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Measuring the Influence of German Members of Parliament on Twitter: The Vanellus-Twitter-Index VaTI 衡量德国国会议员在Twitter上的影响力:vanellus -Twitter指数VaTI
Political Institutions: Legislatures eJournal Pub Date : 2018-08-03 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3225804
Chrilly Donninger
{"title":"Measuring the Influence of German Members of Parliament on Twitter: The Vanellus-Twitter-Index VaTI","authors":"Chrilly Donninger","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3225804","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3225804","url":null,"abstract":"Vanellus (the peewit) is a twitter-bot developed by Christian “Chrilly” Donninger. The bot downloads in real-time all German tweets and stores them in a special-purpose and efficient database. The database can be searched and analyzed according a host of criterion. This article describes the Vanellus-Twitter-Index VaTI for the German MdBs (Mitglieder des Bundestages/Members of Parliament) and for the leaders of the Austrian parties. The VaTI measures the real Twitter-footprint of users. It is much more informative than usual the measure “number of followers”.","PeriodicalId":125020,"journal":{"name":"Political Institutions: Legislatures eJournal","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117200545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
下一页 尾页
0
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整，为了账户安全，请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
现在去查看 取消
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
相关产品
×
本文献相关产品
联系我们：info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务，方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号：481959085
Book学术官方微信