Geoforum最新文献

{"title":"Circuits of capital, the socio-ecological fix and power relations in a rural area. The genealogy of socio-ecological transformations of the upper Saône valley (France)","authors":"Emeline Comby ,&nbsp;Emmanuel Garnier ,&nbsp;Yves-François Le Lay","doi":"10.1016/j.geoforum.2024.104105","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geoforum.2024.104105","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Although the circuits of capital model emphasizes the part played by the overaccumulation of capital at the core of capitalistic development, scientific research has seldom used this framework for analysing rural dynamics. After proposing a theoretical approach involving circuits of capital, rural areas and the socio-ecological fix, we draw on different historical sources, semi-directive interviews and press articles to understand how circuits of capital largely altered the socio-ecosystem of France’s upper Saône valley until the mid-nineteenth century before being directed instead towards other more urban areas. The marginalizing of this rural space by the third circuit of capital tended to reduce the socio-ecological transformations expected of capitalistic development in the twentieth century. Political actors at all levels then played a decisive role in the circulation of capital and the shaping of the river and its floodplain. Inclusion in the fourth circuit of capital is an objective for some political actors today who are developing strategies for branding and marketing the local area. If it develops successfully, this fourth circuit of capital will make a sizeable impact on the urbanization of this rural area, setting it on a new trajectory in terms of transformations of the river. It seems that each generation of circuit of capital involves greater socio-ecological impacts than the previous one, forming a palimpsest of capitalistic development.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12497,"journal":{"name":"Geoforum","volume":"155 ","pages":"Article 104105"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142058170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Platform-mediated territorial stigmatization and destigmatization: Unpacking Reddit discussions on moving to “the other” London","authors":"Lindi Jahiu","doi":"10.1016/j.geoforum.2024.104103","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geoforum.2024.104103","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper interrogates the role of digital platforms in advancing territorial stigma. Drawing from research that has discerned the channels with which territorial stigma has been produced and mediated through — commonly referred to as ‘modes’ — I argue digital platforms are a mode in their own right. Digital platforms are on par with, and may have already surpassed, pre-platform media modes (e.g., newspapers, television) in terms of their use for forming preconceptions of cities in lieu of lived experience. Accordingly, this study investigates discussions on the social networking platform Reddit, about moving to the mid-sized city of London, Ontario in Canada. I use a hybrid thematic analysis to identify (de)stigmatizing content within a topic-based forum (a subreddit). The results show that the platform mediated its users’ reproduction of territorial stigmas stemming from pre-platform modes, rather than having generated entirely novel stigmas. Moreover, many users enacted or reworked established territorial destigmatization strategies to contest, counter, or cope with London’s territorial stigma. This paper contributes to territorial stigma research by examining a lesser-known mid-sized city, which in turn expands the current understanding of stigmatization in Canada hitherto limited to its materialization in large cities. By demonstrating Reddit’s modal potentiality, the paper provides the necessary empirical basis for future studies interested in examining other digital platforms through the theoretical framework of territorial stigma. Furthermore, it encourages future conceptualizations of the media mode of territorial stigma production to include digital platforms alongside traditional and mass media.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12497,"journal":{"name":"Geoforum","volume":"155 ","pages":"Article 104103"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0016718524001647/pdfft?md5=f9614ae74a324393fed10d9025946c91&pid=1-s2.0-S0016718524001647-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142058171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Forum: At the crossroads – Critical perspectives on the study of climate security","authors":"Jonathan Luke Austin ,&nbsp;David Chandler ,&nbsp;Marwa Daoudy ,&nbsp;Rita Floyd ,&nbsp;Delf Rothe ,&nbsp;Dahlia Simangan","doi":"10.1016/j.geoforum.2024.104101","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geoforum.2024.104101","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This discussion forum brings together some of the leading voices in the debate on climate change and security to reflect on the possibilities and limits of critical research in the face of global ecological crises. If we – as critical geography, IR, and security scholars – take the ongoing ecological crisis seriously, how must our questions, concepts, and methodologies change? How, if at all, can security be provided in a climate-changed world, for and by whom? How to come to terms with the unequal landscape of climate insecurity? What is left of security, and what comes instead: mere survival, resilience, or navigating through disasters?</p><p>Seeking answers to these questions, the authors of these short forum pieces discuss and rethink core concepts and themes of human geography and neighboring disciplines. The reflection pieces trouble the racist imaginaries that often underpin existing policy debates on climate change, scarcity, and insecurity. They discuss the implications of climate security for the liberal international order, North-South relations as well as the relationship between humans and the non-human world. They reflect on the complicity of our research – both critical and problem-solving – in the violent transformation of the planet and the repression of the racialized “others” of colonial modernity. And they explore the emancipatory potential of alternative security discourses that center on the complex web of beings, practices, and relations endangered by the unfolding climate crisis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12497,"journal":{"name":"Geoforum","volume":"155 ","pages":"Article 104101"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0016718524001623/pdfft?md5=3428a14c11fd1ea809350f24bc130342&pid=1-s2.0-S0016718524001623-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142049625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond technological flexibility: Unpacking citywide inclusive sanitation through the territorial political economy framework","authors":"Andri Heidler","doi":"10.1016/j.geoforum.2024.104100","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geoforum.2024.104100","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Decentralisation and the flexible combination of infrastructures and technologies are advocated to expand access to safe sanitation amid rapid urbanization, worsening water scarcity, resource depletion, and climate change. Yet, narrowly technical approaches such as the citywide inclusive sanitation approach tend to underestimate social and political bargaining and the role of structural power in shaping access to basic urban services. Building on international political economy, this article develops the territorial political economy framework to explore specific sanitation systems’ distribution of structural power in security, production, and finance. Utilizing this framework, the study constructs a typology of five sanitation bargains, derived from theoretical insights, expert interviews, scientific case studies, and key policy documents. Each bargain represents an ideal typical combination of technology, organisation, and finance, with the corresponding spatial and social distribution of costs, benefits, risks, and opportunities. Together, this enables a political economy analysis of sanitation systems in cities that is sensitive to both multiscalar negotiations and distributional outcomes associated with sanitation provision in the city. When expanding sanitation services to so-far unserved areas in the cities, the paper shows how the limitations of the citywide inclusive sanitation approach in its current form can be overcome. It enables to explicitly consider the implications of embedded structural power on households when assessing and selecting technological options and organizational models for providing access to safe sanitation inclusively across the city.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12497,"journal":{"name":"Geoforum","volume":"155 ","pages":"Article 104100"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0016718524001611/pdfft?md5=d8964dea9ecfd98d0ab82fd0e4faf58d&pid=1-s2.0-S0016718524001611-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142020814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reframing climate security: The “planetary” as policy context","authors":"Simon Dalby","doi":"10.1016/j.geoforum.2024.104102","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geoforum.2024.104102","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Much of the discussion under the label of “climate security” focuses on potential conflicts and disruptions in peripheral locations in the global south putatively triggered by climate change. If, however the analysis starts with climate, and the earth system as the point of departure for analysis, then things look very different. The speed and scale of climate disruptions is accelerating. Earth system science suggests that urgent action is needed to deal with climate change; waiting too long may make the issue impossible to address. Framing matters in terms of a planetary condition and focusing on climate rather than national security as the starting point for analysis suggests very different policy priorities. Reframing climate security to grapple with the planetary condition requires policies that first, facilitate adaptation, second work to make sustainable habitats for humanity and third, work to drastically constrain the use of fossil fuels urgently. Here, proposals for fossil fuel non-proliferation treaties and similar measures analogous with earlier arms control agreements. This provides the security sector with a much-needed direct engagement with the causes of climate change and its resultant disruptions while simultaneously reframing climate as a matter of planetary rather than national security. Tackling climate change is a matter of urgency, and failure to so effectively in the short run my derail needed efforts later, simply because the resources to do so are no longer available.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12497,"journal":{"name":"Geoforum","volume":"155 ","pages":"Article 104102"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0016718524001635/pdfft?md5=963b5e677b9c4df0c8638c98dcb6a345&pid=1-s2.0-S0016718524001635-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142020795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recognising the right to urban climate justice in Kuwait","authors":"Deen Sharp ,&nbsp;Batul Sadliwala ,&nbsp;Abrar Al-Shammari","doi":"10.1016/j.geoforum.2024.104099","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geoforum.2024.104099","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In 2016, the Kuwait Mitribah weather station recorded a scorching 53.9 degrees Celsius, among the highest temperatures ever recorded on earth. Today, temperatures in Kuwait frequently exceed 50 degrees Celsius during the summer, accompanied by a host of extreme weather events such as severe droughts, dust storms, and floods. These climate challenges threaten and transform Kuwait’s social and ecological landscape. To address these pressing issues, this paper adopts an urban climate justice framework, emphasizing the right to the city, recognition justice, and advocating for a climate-just city. Through this lens, we examine how climate change disproportionately affects Kuwait’s structurally vulnerable populations, particularly the majority non-citizen groups: the Bidoon (stateless) and low-wage migrant workers. This paper highlights the necessity of including marginalized groups in climate change discussions along with climate adaptation and mitigation policies. By examining the everyday urban lives of Kuwait’s non-citizen residents – including their struggles with access to civil and political rights; poor housing and labor conditions; and inequitable access to basic urban services, such as water, electricity and transport − this paper demonstrates how these factors significantly increase their vulnerability to the detrimental impacts of climate change. In highlighting the vulnerabilities of low-income non-citizens and advocating a shift to a climate-just city approach, this analysis aims to guide decision-makers in Kuwait and beyond. The impact of climate change, we contend, offers an opportunity to re-open debate about the fundamental rights and concepts of citizenship, belonging, community and justice.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12497,"journal":{"name":"Geoforum","volume":"155 ","pages":"Article 104099"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S001671852400160X/pdfft?md5=cce49a4271f1d8b25f73adc17ddaf2ef&pid=1-s2.0-S001671852400160X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141978201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Climate change, security and the institutional prospects for ecological security","authors":"Matt McDonald","doi":"10.1016/j.geoforum.2024.104096","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geoforum.2024.104096","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>It has become commonplace, almost a cliché, to begin an analysis of the relationship between climate change and security with the acknowledgement that this relationship looks very different depending on<!--> <em>whose</em> <!-->security is under consideration. In the academic literature on this relationship we have seen a steady shift away from an exclusive focus on the protection of existing institutions from the indirect effects of climate change, and towards a focus on the biosphere or the natural world itself. Such an orientation asks whether and how the natural world, and the ecosystems that compose it, are threatened by the immediate and direct effects of climate change. While this shift seems logical in response to the geological reality of the Anthropocene epoch and the unambiguous arrival of climate change, crucial questions remain about the prospects for pursuing ‘ecological security’ in practice: what would this look like, who would be agents of ecological security, and is increasing academic and think tank engagement with the concept matched in policy and practical developments? This paper analyses the institutional and practical prospects for this approach to the climate-security relationship, drawing on policy documents and interviews with policy makers in a range of states. It finds grounds for (cautious) optimism in increasing engagement with ecological security, including at the nation-state level, evident in growing recognition of the need for states to address the direct threat posed by climate change to the most vulnerable.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12497,"journal":{"name":"Geoforum","volume":"155 ","pages":"Article 104096"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S001671852400157X/pdfft?md5=ebfe020c5648a842baae207f01ed4101&pid=1-s2.0-S001671852400157X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141963322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tracing the ruptures and rhythms of summer heat, energy vulnerability and home","authors":"Sarah A. Robertson ,&nbsp;Gordon Walker ,&nbsp;Ralph Horne","doi":"10.1016/j.geoforum.2024.104095","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geoforum.2024.104095","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper traces the rhythms and ruptures of summer heat-at-home, revealing unexplored spatiotemporal dimensions of energy and heat vulnerability in the context of climate change. The paper draws on relational and embodied ideas about heat, home, and time. It applies rhythmanalysis and assemblage thinking to empirical research with households across Victoria, Australia, to reveal social practices of coping with, adapting to, and enduring summer heat events. Shared rhythmic responses characterised household experiences of summer heat at home. However, experiences were uneven, as heat-vulnerable households endured heat through dysrhythmic patterns, with relief an uncertain or unachievable outcome. In this way, heat-at-home was characterised by a temporal dissonance, where the longer-term implications of heat responses for health and wellbeing were bracketed out of lived experience. The findings suggest the need for governance of summer heat adaptation, particularly as it intersects with household thermal quality and wider social, material, and economic infrastructures, to pay greater attention to the temporal relations of heat-at-home. In particular, it stresses the significance not only of rhythms of heat and household responses, but also of anthropocentric and static temporal narratives of heat and sociomaterial infrastructures, that left unattended risk suspending more heat-vulnerable households in maladaptive situations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12497,"journal":{"name":"Geoforum","volume":"155 ","pages":"Article 104095"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0016718524001568/pdfft?md5=d365a79e1c3c6d7e3d8f7c7466aa77bf&pid=1-s2.0-S0016718524001568-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141952335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Towards a feminist political ecology of migration in a changing climate","authors":"Sara Vigil","doi":"10.1016/j.geoforum.2024.104076","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geoforum.2024.104076","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Research on climate and migration interactions has greatly evolved from environmentally deterministic explanations to more sophisticated and complex accounts of human (im)mobilities in a changing climate. Despite acknowledging gender and social inequalities as key factors shaping vulnerability and resilience, the multi-scalar power relations influencing human (im)mobility in the context of climate change have been underestimated. This paper argues that a feminist political ecology of migration can enhance our understanding of the gender and social inequities embedded in the climate-migration nexus by conceptualizing power relations across different scales in our world economy. Through a critical review of the literature, this paper highlights the ways in which a feminist political ecology approach can help unpack the power differentials that shape climate and migration interactions. The paper concludes that a more nuanced understanding of power relations across different scales is crucial for both advancing the conceptual understanding of the complex nexus between climate, migration, and inequality, and addressing the root causes of these challenges.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12497,"journal":{"name":"Geoforum","volume":"155 ","pages":"Article 104076"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0016718524001374/pdfft?md5=ed6c2d5fc4b28a6c7e8e68f91d65f374&pid=1-s2.0-S0016718524001374-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141951423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Credit in agrarian India: narrative policy struggles over farmer surplus","authors":"Vaishnavi Tripuraneni ,&nbsp;Paul Robbins","doi":"10.1016/j.geoforum.2024.104081","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geoforum.2024.104081","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Debt is fundamental to agrarian life across the world. In India, over half of agricultural households are indebted and borrow from myriad credit sources. Formal institutional credit (e.g., bank loans) has historically, and up to the present day, been proposed as a tool for rural development and to eliminate exploitative informal moneylenders. This is true in India, where despite decades of state policies to displace informal lending using formal credit, informal lending persists and increasing debt is an ever-present symptom of the agrarian crisis. Informal lending made up 30% of farmers’ credit sources in 2019; for farmers who owned less than 0.01 ha of land, this was 71.8%. In this paper we provide an historical examination of the numerous state responses to the proliferation of agrarian debt, surveying lending policy as a state development tool in India. We analyze how moneylending has been treated in different historical periods and the increasing participation of the state (from colonial to present times) in agrarian debt and use a Narrative Policy Analysis to synthesize the underlying “narratives” that characterize evolving policy forms. In the process, we reveal not only a consistent narrative assuming the displacement of informal credit with formal credit, one contradicted by the situation on the ground: an absolute increasing trend in borrowing, and a crucial propagation of the number and variety of credit sources. This we observe to be precisely a result of the largely fruitless state effort to formalize credit and to eliminate informal lending. This persistent discourse that posits formality as a solution to informality, we further conclude, is not only a cultural project of the colonial, post-colonial, and modernization state, but one essential for the circulation and accumulation of capital, enhancing its urgency. The failed effort to eliminate informal lending has resulted, furthermore, in a decline in farmer autonomy and the creation of a state-underwritten struggle − between multiple actors in the credit sector − over the redistribution of agrarian surplus.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12497,"journal":{"name":"Geoforum","volume":"155 ","pages":"Article 104081"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141951422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}