Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences最新文献

{"title":"A LODDS-based nomogram for overall and cancer-specific survival in stage III-IV gastric signet ring cell carcinoma.","authors":"Cenzhu Wang, Ying Fang, Yuhan Zhang, Shuhan Feng, Rui Hou, Hanfang Fan, Zeyu Wang, Lei Liu, Junli Ding, Junying Xu","doi":"10.3389/fmolb.2025.1600626","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmolb.2025.1600626","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Gastric cancer is a serious human chronic disease. The gastric signet ring cell carcinoma (GSRCC) is the most-dangerous subtype with several acute complications, including gastrointestinal hemorrhage, gastric perforation, pyloric obstruction and so on. This study aimed to compare the predictive efficiency of positive lymph nodes (PLN) and log odds of positive lymph nodes (LODDS) for survival and to establish a LODDS-based nomogram model in stage III-IV GSRCC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Stage III-IV GSRCC patients were acquired between 2015 and 2019 from SEER dataset and the affiliated Yixing hospital of jiangsu university, serving as training and validation datasets respectively. The X-tile software was used to identify cut-off values while their relationship with clinical features was explored by chi-square test. The Kaplan-Meier analysis was applied for survival curve while cox regression analysis was performed for independent risk factors. The nomogram model was built with ROC and calibration curves for verification.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 585 stage III-IV GSRCC patients were included in this study with 536 patients for training and 49 patients for validation. The LODDS showed better predictive efficiency for overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) than PLN. The LODDS, M stage and chemotherapy status were independent factors for both OS and CSS, with LODDS contribution accounting for 31.47% in OS and 30.39% in CSS. A LODDS-based nomogram was built with accurate efficiency in stage III-IV GSRCC. The 1-year, 2-year, 3-year OS area under curve (AUC) values were 0.755, 0.795, 0.759 for internal and 0.776, 0.756, 0.816 for external verification while 1-year, 2-year, 3-year CSS AUC values were 0.745, 0.803, 0.770 for internal and 0.796, 0.762, 0.820 for external verification.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>LODDS is an independent risk factor in stage III-IV GSRCC. The LODDS-based nomogram model showed excellent predictive efficiency, providing a novel insight for early diagnosis and precise therapies of stage III-IV GSRCC.</p>","PeriodicalId":12465,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences","volume":"12 ","pages":"1600626"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12116366/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144173400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Promotion of neuroinflammation in select hippocampal regions in a mouse model of perimenopausal Alzheimer's disease.","authors":"Roberta Marongiu, Jimcy Platholi, Laibak Park, Fangmin Yu, Garrett Sommer, Clara Woods, Teresa A Milner, Michael J Glass","doi":"10.3389/fmolb.2025.1597130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmolb.2025.1597130","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Alzheimer's disease, the most common form of dementia, is characterized by age-dependent amyloid beta (Ab) aggregation and accumulation, neuroinflammation, and cognitive deficits. Significantly, there are prominent sex differences in the risk, onset, progression, and severity of AD, as well as response to therapies, with disease burden disproportionately affecting women. Although menopause onset (i.e., perimenopause) may be a critical transition stage for AD susceptibility in women, the role of early ovarian decline in initial disease pathology, particularly key neuroinflammatory processes, is not well understood.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To study this, we developed a unique mouse model of perimenopausal AD by combining an accelerated ovarian failure (AOF) model of menopause induced by 4-vinylcyclohexene diepoxide (VCD) with the 5xFAD transgenic AD mouse model. To target early stages of disease progression, 5xFAD females were studied at a young age (∼4 months) and at the beginning stage of ovarian failure analogous to human perimenopause (termed \"peri-AOF\"), and compared to age-matched males. Assessment of neuropathology was performed by immunohistochemical labeling of Ab as well as markers of astrocyte and microglia activity in the hippocampus, a brain region involved in learning and memory that is deleteriously impacted during AD.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our results show that genotype, AOF, and sex contributed to AD-like pathology. Aggregation of Ab was heightened in female 5xFAD mice and further increased at peri-AOF, with hippocampal subregion specificity. Further, select increases in glial activation also paralleled Ab pathology in distinct hippocampal subregions. However, cognitive function was not affected by peri-AOF.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>These findings align with the hypothesis that perimenopause constitutes a period of susceptibility for AD pathogenesis in women.</p>","PeriodicalId":12465,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences","volume":"12 ","pages":"1597130"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12116374/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144173406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Copper metabolism in hepatocellular carcinoma: from molecular mechanisms to therapeutic opportunities.","authors":"Ziling Pang","doi":"10.3389/fmolb.2025.1578693","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmolb.2025.1578693","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Copper is a vital trace metal that facilitates cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and tumour spread. The liver is essential for copper metabolism, hence regulating copper levels is crucial for hepatic health. Hepatocellular carcinoma is a primary liver cancer characterised by a high death rate, and extensive research has shown the substantial impact of copper on its progression. This research primarily examines the molecular mechanisms involved, summarises the regulation of copper homeostasis, and addresses the role of copper metabolism in the promotion and inhibition of hepatocellular carcinoma development. Furthermore, it investigates prospective clinical approaches for targeting copper in the treatment of this disease, intending to establish a theoretical basis for the clinical use of copper in the management of hepatocellular carcinoma.</p>","PeriodicalId":12465,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences","volume":"12 ","pages":"1578693"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12106024/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144157706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thioflavin T in-gel staining for <i>ex vivo</i> analysis of cardiac amyloid.","authors":"Joseph Oldam, Irina Tchernyshyov, Jennifer Van Eyk, Juan Troncoso, Charles G Glabe, Giulio Agnetti","doi":"10.3389/fmolb.2025.1505250","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmolb.2025.1505250","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>There are limited options to quantify and characterize amyloid species from biological samples in a simple manner. Thioflavin T (ThT) has been used for decades to stain amyloid fibrils, but to our knowledge, we were the first to use it in-gel. Thioflavin T in-gel staining is convenient as it is fast, inexpensive, accessible to most laboratories, and compatible with other fluorescent stains and downstream analyses such as mass spectrometry (MS).</p>","PeriodicalId":12465,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences","volume":"12 ","pages":"1505250"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12106040/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144157708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New biomarkers of Kawasaki disease identified by gingival crevicular fluid proteomics.","authors":"Xue Fan, Ying Li, Yuehao Xu, Jianqing Lin, Xin Guo, Jinwen Liao, Mingguo Xu","doi":"10.3389/fmolb.2025.1597412","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmolb.2025.1597412","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Kawasaki disease (KD) is an acute systemic vasculitis that primarily affects coronary arteries, and delayed diagnosis increases the risk of cardiovascular complications. Biomarkers are essential for improving diagnostic accuracy, especially in atypical cases. Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF), derived from periodontal tissues, contains serum components and inflammatory mediators, and has emerged as a valuable biofluid for systemic disease diagnosis. Previous studies suggest GCF protein profiles reflect immune status and metabolic disorders, such as type 2 diabetes. Given the immune-related nature of KD, GCF protein composition may also be altered, yet no studies have systematically explored GCF biomarkers in KD. This study uses DIA and MRM-MS proteomics to identify potential GCF biomarkers for KD diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty-seven patients with KD were enrolled in this study, and 18 healthy volunteers were recruited as the control group. GCF samples were collected from the KD patients, who formed the experimental group, before they received intravenous immunoglobulin treatment. Data-independent acquisition (DIA) quantitative proteomics mass spectrometry was performed on the GCF samples to analyze the protein expression profiles in both groups. DEPs were identified and subjected to functional enrichment analysis using KEGG and GO. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis was conducted for all detected DEPs. Finally, multiple reaction monitoring mass spectrometry (MRM-MS) was used to validate the selected DEPs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 197 DEPs were identified in GCF between the KD group and the normal control group, with 174 upregulated and 23 downregulated proteins. Functional enrichment analysis revealed that cellular and metabolic processes were the most significantly altered biological processes, while binding and catalytic activity were the most affected molecular functions. Pathway analysis further highlighted the NOD-like receptor signaling pathway, protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum, and the influenza pathway as the most significantly enriched pathways. In the PPI network, EIF2AK2, B2M, and GBP1 were identified as key hub proteins, suggesting their potential regulatory roles in KD pathophysiology. Finally, MRM-MS confirmed the expression patterns of 12 DEPs (IFIT3, UB2L6, HP, A1AT, HSP90AA1, HNRPC, HSP90AB1, SAA1, MX1, B2M, FKBP4, and TRAP1), thereby demonstrating high consistency with the DIA results and further validating the DEPs' potential as biomarkers for KD.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings suggest that 12 proteins in GCF could serve as potential biomarkers for the early diagnosis of KD. Additionally, the molecular analysis revealed a close association between KD and gingival inflammation, offering new insights into KD's pathophysiology and potential directions for improved diagnosis and treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":12465,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences","volume":"12 ","pages":"1597412"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12104053/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144150085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bioinformatics and experimental validation of ferroptosis-related genes in steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head.","authors":"Ming-Gang Guo, Chen-Fei Yang, Fa Yuan, Tao Yang, Ping-Yuan Luo, Yu-Bai He, Shuan Yang, Feng Chen, Wei Li, Zhi-Wei Feng","doi":"10.3389/fmolb.2025.1578755","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmolb.2025.1578755","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head (SONFH) is a progressive condition that causes increasing disability. It is thought to result from reduced blood flow and oxygen levels in the femoral head, with reactive oxygen species (ROS) playing a key role in triggering ferroptosis. However, the role of ferroptosis in SONFH progression remains underexplored. This study aimed to identify and validate key genes associated with ferroptosis in SONFH using bioinformatics.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study analyzed the SONFH dataset GSE123568, which includes data from 30 SONFH patients and 10 controls. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was used to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the SONFH and control groups. Core genes were identified by intersecting DEGs with ferroptosis-related genes retrieved from FerrDb V2. The diagnostic performance of the key genes was assessed using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, and a predictive nomogram model was developed. Interaction analysis of these genes was conducted to explore their link with immune infiltration. The expression of these genes in bone tissue from SONFH patients was validated. Finally, drug-protein interactions were predicted using the DSigDB database.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Differential expression analysis identified 384 DEGs, which were significantly involved in inflammatory pathways. WGCNA revealed four key genes after intersecting DEGs with relevant module genes and ferroptosis-related genes. A nomogram model based on these genes demonstrated strong reliability and validity. Immune infiltration analysis showed significant differences between SONFH patients and controls, with notable associations between immune cell infiltration and the expression of the four core genes. Validation through quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and Western blot confirmed that the expression of GCLC, GABARAPL2, CISD2, and NCOA4 was significantly lower in SONFH bone tissue compared to controls (<i>P</i> < 0.05). Additionally, potential therapeutic drugs targeting these genes, including Diethyl sulfate, Meloxicam, and NIMUSTINE, were predicted.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study identifies GABARAPL2, CISD2, NCOA4, and GCLC as potential diagnostic biomarkers associated with immune cell infiltration in SONFH, offering new insights for future research and clinical applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":12465,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences","volume":"12 ","pages":"1578755"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12104091/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144150083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ligand-receptor dynamics in heterophily-aware graph neural networks for enhanced cell type prediction from single-cell RNA-seq data.","authors":"Lian Duan, Mahshad Hashemi, Alioune Ngom, Luis Rueda","doi":"10.3389/fmolb.2025.1547231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmolb.2025.1547231","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have emerged as powerful tools for analyzing structured data, particularly in domains where relationships and interactions between entities are key. By leveraging the inherent graph structure in datasets, GNNs excel in capturing complex dependencies and patterns that traditional neural networks might miss. This advantage is especially pronounced in the field of computational biology, where the intricate connections between biological entities play a crucial role. In this context, Our work explores the application of GNNs to single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data, a domain characterized by complex and heterogeneous relationships. By extracting ligand-receptor (L-R) associations from LIANA and constructing Cell-Cell association networks with varying edge homophily ratios, based on L-R information, we enhance the biological relevance and accuracy of depicting cellular communication pathways. While standard GNN models like Graph Convolutional Networks (GCN), GraphSAGE, Graph Attention Networks (GAT), and MixHop often assume homophily (similar nodes are more likely to be connected), this assumption does not always hold in biological networks. To address this, we explore advanced graph neural network methods, such as <math> <mrow> <msub><mrow><mtext>H</mtext></mrow> <mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow> </msub> </mrow> </math> Graph Convolutional Networks and Gated Bi-Kernel GNNs (GBK-GNN), that are specifically designed to handle heterophilic data. Our study spans across six diverse datasets, enabling a thorough comparison between heterophily-aware GNNs and traditional homophily-assuming models, including Multi-Layer Perceptrons, which disregards graph structure entirely. Our findings highlight the importance of considering data-specific characteristics in GNN applications, demonstrating that heterophily-focused methods can effectively decipher the complex patterns within scRNA-seq data. By integrating multi-omics data, including gene expression profiles and L-R interactions, we pave the way for more accurate and insightful analyses in computational biology, offering a more comprehensive understanding of cellular environments and interactions.</p>","PeriodicalId":12465,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences","volume":"12 ","pages":"1547231"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12104675/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144150084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The significance of calcium ions in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury: mechanisms and intervention strategies.","authors":"Yong-Wang Li, Yu Liu, Sheng-Zhen Luo, Xiao-Juan Huang, Yan Shen, Wei-Si Wang, Zhi-Chen Lang","doi":"10.3389/fmolb.2025.1585758","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmolb.2025.1585758","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI) represents a multifaceted pathological phenomenon characterized by an array of molecular and cellular mechanisms, which significantly contribute to neurological dysfunction. Evidence suggests that calcium ions play an indispensable role in this context, as abnormal elevations in calcium concentrations exacerbate neuronal injury and intensify functional deficits. These ions are integral not only for intracellular signaling pathways but also for various pathological processes, such as programmed cell death, inflammatory responses, and oxidative stress. This review article elucidates the physiological framework of calcium homeostasis and the precise mechanisms through which calcium ions influence CIRI. Moreover, it addresses potential intervention strategies, including calcium channel blockers, calmodulin (CaM) inhibitors, antioxidants, and anti-inflammatory agents. Despite the proposal of certain intervention strategies, their effectiveness and safety in clinical settings warrant further scrutiny. In conclusion, the article highlights the limitations of current research and anticipates future investigative trajectories, aiming to provide a theoretical foundation and reference for the development of more efficacious treatment modalities.</p>","PeriodicalId":12465,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences","volume":"12 ","pages":"1585758"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12104078/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144150086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum: Avenanthramide-C ameliorate doxorubicin-induced hepatotoxicity via modulating Akt/GSK-3β and Wnt-4/β-Catenin pathways in male rats.","authors":"Maha Abdullah Alwaili, Amal S Abu-Almakarem, Salwa Aljohani, Sahar Abdulrahman Alkhodair, Maha M Al-Bazi, Thamir M Eid, Jehan Alamri, Maysa A Mobasher, Norah K Algarzae, Arwa Ishaq A Khayyat, Luluah Saleh Alshaygy, Karim Samy El-Said","doi":"10.3389/fmolb.2025.1601841","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmolb.2025.1601841","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2024.1507786.].</p>","PeriodicalId":12465,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences","volume":"12 ","pages":"1601841"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12098949/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144141947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heat shock proteins in hypothermia: a review.","authors":"Shang-Jin Song, Guo-Cheng Wu, Li Yi, Xin Liu, Ming-Min Jiang, Xiao-Chen Zhang, Zi-Fei Yin, Wei Gu, Yi Ruan","doi":"10.3389/fmolb.2025.1564364","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmolb.2025.1564364","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hypothermia is a serious condition marked by a significant decrease in core body temperature, posing considerable risks to biological systems. In response to thermal stress, cells activate protective mechanisms, often synthesizing heat shock proteins (HSPs). These highly conserved proteins are crucial in cellular stress responses, primarily functioning as chaperones. HSPs facilitate correct protein folding and prevent misfolding and aggregation, thereby protecting cellular integrity during adverse conditions. This paper explains how HSPs alleviate stress responses related to low body temperature, focusing on energy metabolism, apoptosis, cellular membrane fluidity and stability, and stress signaling pathways. By enhancing cellular repair mechanisms, HSPs help maintain cellular balance and prevent further harm to the organism. Ultimately, the review emphasizes the complex relationship between cellular stress responses and HSPs in hypothermia, highlighting their potential as therapeutic targets for enhancing resistance to the harmful effects of extreme cold exposure. A deeper understanding of these mechanisms could lead to strategies that improve survival rates in hypothermic patients. It may also reveal ways to modulate HSPs' activity for enhanced cellular protection.</p>","PeriodicalId":12465,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences","volume":"12 ","pages":"1564364"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12098039/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144141892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}