Gastroenterology Research最新文献

{"title":"Delays in Colorectal Cancer Screening for Latino Patients: The Role of Immigrant Healthcare in Stemming the Rising Global Incidence of Colorectal Cancer.","authors":"Eleazar E Montalvan-Sanchez, Renato Beas, Ahmad Karkash, Ambar Godoy, Dalton Argean Norwood, Michael Dougherty","doi":"10.14740/gr1697","DOIUrl":"10.14740/gr1697","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The significant global burden of colorectal cancer accentuates disparities in access to preventive healthcare in most low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) as well as large sections of underserved populations within high-income countries. The barriers to colorectal cancer screening in economically transitioning Latin America are multiple. At the same time, immigration from these countries to the USA continues to increase. This case highlights the delays in diagnosis experienced by a recent immigrant from a country with no established colorectal cancer screening program, to an immigrant population in the USA with similar poor screening coverage. We discuss common challenges faced by Latinos in their home countries and the USA, as well as strategies that could be implemented to improve screening coverage in US immigrant populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":12461,"journal":{"name":"Gastroenterology Research","volume":"17 1","pages":"41-51"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10923253/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140093753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinicopathological Aspects and Inflammation-Immune Markers in Alcohol and/or Hepatitis C Virus-Induced Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients Treated With Sorafenib.","authors":"Thiago Alexandre Martins Pinto, Helena Paes Almeida Saito, Carolina Lopes Nourani, Elaine Cristina Ataide, Ilka Fatima Santana Ferreira Boin, Gustavo Jacob Lourenco, Carmen Silvia Passos Lima","doi":"10.14740/gr1689","DOIUrl":"10.14740/gr1689","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Tyrosine kinase inhibitors have been used to treat hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but the outcomes of patients under treatment vary. Since the roles of clinicopathological aspects and markers of chronic inflammation/immune homeostasis in the outcome of HCC patients treated with sorafenib are still unclear, these were the aims of this study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients with alcohol-induced and/or hepatitis C virus (HCV)-induced HCC (n = 182) uniformly treated with sorafenib were included in the study. Baseline clinicopathological aspects of patients were computed from the medical records. The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR), systemic inflammation response index (SIRI), and systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) were obtained from the hematological exam performed before the administration of sorafenib. Overall survival (OS) was analyzed using Kaplan-Meier probabilities, log-rank test, and univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazard ratio (HR) analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In multivariate analysis, alpha-foetoprotein (AFP) level and Child-Pugh score were predictors of OS. Patients with AFP levels higher than 157 ng/mL and Child-Pugh B or C had 1.40 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.03 - 1.91, P = 0.03) and 1.64 (95% CI: 1.07 - 2.52, P = 0.02) more chances of evolving to death than the remaining patients, respectively. NLR, PLR, LMR, SIRI, and SII did not alter the OS of HCC patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>AFP level and Child-Pugh score act as independent prognostic factors in patients with alcohol and/or HCV-induced HCC treated with sorafenib, but markers of chronic inflammation/immune homeostasis seem not to alter the outcome of patients with HCC induced by alcohol and/or HCV.</p>","PeriodicalId":12461,"journal":{"name":"Gastroenterology Research","volume":"17 1","pages":"23-31"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10923249/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140093752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Real-World Experience on a Chinese Population of Patients With Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treated With Nivolumab.","authors":"Shou-Wu Lee, Sheng-Shun Yang, Teng-Yu Lee","doi":"10.14740/gr1684","DOIUrl":"10.14740/gr1684","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>For unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), nivolumab (anti-programmed death receptor-1 (PD-1)) is used as non-curative interventions. The aim of the study was to focus on the real-world experience of nivolumab applied to patients with HCC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Unresectable HCC patients receiving nivolumab treatments at Taichung Veterans General Hospital, from June 2018 to May 2020, were recruited. Exclusion criteria were Child-Pugh stage C, poor performance status, a lack of compliance or intolerable to drug treatments. The tumor radiological responses and survival outcomes of enrolled patients were collected and analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among a total of 57 patients, most of them were classified as Child-Pugh stage A (70.2%) and Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) stage C (66.7%). Nivolumab was given to 14 (24.6%) as the primary-line, and 43 patients (75.4%) as the secondary-line systemic treatments. The mean therapeutic duration was 6.5 months. Objective response rate (ORR) was 24.6%, and disease control rate (DCR) was 42.1%. The overall median progression-free survival (PFS) was 5.8 months (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.1 - 10.6), and overall survival (OS) was 11.5 months (95% CI: 4.3 - 17.8). Immune-related adverse event (IRAE) was 8.8%. Presence of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) response (a decline in AFP ≥ 10% from baseline) during therapy predicted the tumor radiological response (to objective response: hazard ratio (HR): 4.89, 95% CI: 1.14 - 21.00; to disease control: HR: 4.71, 95% CI: 1.32 - 16.81). Those with tumor radiological responses showed longer PFS and OS.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Decline in AFP during therapy has a predicting role on HCC radiological responses to nivolumab. Achieving radiological responses had better survival outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":12461,"journal":{"name":"Gastroenterology Research","volume":"17 1","pages":"15-22"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10923252/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140093750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Primary Non-Function of Hepatic Allograft With Preexisting Microvesicular Steatosis/Foamy Degeneration and Mild Large-Droplet Macrovesicular Steatosis.","authors":"Melissa E Limia, Xiu Li Liu, Jennifer Yu, Kathleen Byrnes","doi":"10.14740/gr1687","DOIUrl":"10.14740/gr1687","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>It has been established that more than mild large-droplet macrovesicular steatosis (LD-MAS) is associated with increased risk of graft non-function. In contrast, even severe small-droplet macrovesicular steatosis (SD-MAS) has been found to be less prognostically significant. It remains unclear if a donor liver with diffuse microvesicular steatosis is associated with an increased risk of graft dysfunction. A 56-year-old male with alcoholic cirrhosis was transplanted with a liver from a 42-year-old overweight male donor after brain death. The frozen section of the donor liver biopsy taken at harvest showed diffusely enlarged clear/foamy hepatocytes and mild LD-MAS (about 5-10% of total tissue). The reperfusion liver biopsy taken at time 0 of transplantation showed hemorrhage, pale and enlarged hepatocytes, and mild LD-MAS (about 10% of total tissue) with lipopeliosis. The graft became non-functional, and the patient was re-transplanted 24 h after the initial transplantation. Histologic examination of the failed liver allograft showed extensive hemorrhagic necrosis, neutrophilic inflammation, diffuse microvesicular steatosis, and large extracellular fat droplets (about 20% of total tissue). This case demonstrates that precautions are needed to avoid using livers with diffuse and severe microvesicular steatosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":12461,"journal":{"name":"Gastroenterology Research","volume":"17 1","pages":"37-40"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10923250/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140095587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pre- and Post-Implant Endoscopy in Left Ventricular Assist Device Recipients: A Single-Center Experience.","authors":"Wael T Mohamed, Vinay Jahagirdar, Fouad Jaber, Mohamed K Ahmed, Hassan M Ghoz, Brett W Sperry, Wendell K Clarkston","doi":"10.14740/gr1661","DOIUrl":"10.14740/gr1661","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB) is common in left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) patients, but the optimal screening approach before LVAD implantation is still unclear. The aim of the study was to describe our experience with pre- and post-LVAD implantation endoscopic screening and subsequent GI bleeding in this cohort.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective review was conducted among all patients who underwent LVAD implantation at Saint Luke's Hospital, between 2010 and 2020. The data were reviewed to determine the yield and safety of endoscopic procedures performed within 1 month before LVAD placement and the incidence of GIB within 1 year after implantation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 167 LVAD patients met the inclusion criteria, and 23 underwent pre-implantation endoscopic evaluation. Angiodysplasia had a significantly higher odds ratio (OR) of 9.41 (95% confidence interval (CI): 2.01 - 44.09) in post-LVAD endoscopy, while there was no significant difference in bleeding from other sources such as peptic ulcer disease or diverticular bleeding. There was no difference in the incidence of GIB in patients who underwent endoscopic evaluation pre-LVAD compared to post-LVAD GIB (32.6% vs. 39.1%, P = 0.64). Endoscopy was well-tolerated in this cohort, and argon plasma coagulation was the most commonly used intervention to achieve hemostasis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>According to our results, we recommend against routine pre-LVAD endoscopic screening. Instead, we suggest an individualized approach, where decisions are made on a case-by-case basis.</p>","PeriodicalId":12461,"journal":{"name":"Gastroenterology Research","volume":"17 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10923248/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140093755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serum Activin A Is a Novel Biomarker of Endoscopic Activity in Ulcerative Colitis","authors":"Ryohei Ogihara, Hiroki Kurumi, Tsutomu Kanda, Kazuo Yashima, Hajime Isomoto, N. Yamaguchi","doi":"10.14740/gr1677","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14740/gr1677","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12461,"journal":{"name":"Gastroenterology Research","volume":"2 3-4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139192250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing the Efficacy and Safety of Adalimumab and Vedolizumab in Treating Moderate to Severe Crohn’s Disease and Ulcerative Colitis","authors":"Nooraldin Merza, Yusuf Nawras, Omar Saab, D. Dahiya, Zohaib Ahmed, Meghana Ranabothu, Safa Boujemaa, Mona Hassan, Abdallah A. Kobeissy, Kirthi Lilley","doi":"10.14740/gr1664","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14740/gr1664","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12461,"journal":{"name":"Gastroenterology Research","volume":"59 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139192901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identifying Key Genes to the Early Diagnosis of Inflammatory Bowel Disease by Integrating Analysis at the Blood and Tissue Levels","authors":"Xin Yu Wang, Dan Zhang","doi":"10.14740/gr1683","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14740/gr1683","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12461,"journal":{"name":"Gastroenterology Research","volume":"10 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139191322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Timing and Outcomes of Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy After Ischemic Stroke","authors":"Shoma Bommena, Pooja Rangan, Joyce lee-Iannotti, W. Wassef, Rakesh Nanda","doi":"10.14740/gr1653","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14740/gr1653","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12461,"journal":{"name":"Gastroenterology Research","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139188263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Marital Status Is a Prognostic Factor for Cardiovascular Mortality but Not a Prognostic Factor for Cancer Mortality in Siewert Type II Adenocarcinoma of the Esophagogastric Junction","authors":"Zhong Qiang Zheng, Xuan Zi Sun","doi":"10.14740/gr1670","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14740/gr1670","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12461,"journal":{"name":"Gastroenterology Research","volume":"26 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139195043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}