Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology最新文献

{"title":"Comparative evaluation of ACetic - MEthanol high salt dissociation approach for single-cell transcriptomics of frozen human tissues.","authors":"Marina Utkina, Anastasia Shcherbakova, Ruslan Deviatiiarov, Alina Ryabova, Marina Loguinova, Valentin Trofimov, Anna Kuznetsova, Mikhail Petropavlovskiy, Rustam Salimkhanov, Denis Maksimov, Eugene Albert, Alexandra Golubeva, Walaa Asaad, Lilia Urusova, Ekaterina Bondarenko, Anastasia Lapshina, Alexandra Shutova, Dmitry Beltsevich, Oleg Gusev, Larisa Dzeranova, Galina Melnichenko, Ildar Minniakhmetov, Ivan Dedov, Natalya Mokrysheva, Sergey Popov","doi":"10.3389/fcell.2024.1469955","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcell.2024.1469955","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Current dissociation methods for solid tissues in scRNA-seq studies do not guarantee intact single-cell isolation, especially for sensitive and complex human endocrine tissues. Most studies rely on enzymatic dissociation of fresh samples or nuclei isolation from frozen samples. Dissociating whole intact cells from fresh-frozen samples, commonly collected by biobanks, remains a challenge. Here, we utilized the acetic-methanol dissociation approach (ACME) to capture transcriptional profiles of individual cells from fresh-frozen tissue samples. This method combines acetic acid-based dissociation and methanol-based fixation. In our study, we optimized this approach for human endocrine tissue samples for the first time. We incorporated a high-salt washing buffer instead of the standard PBS to stabilize RNA and prevent RNases reactivation during rehydration. We have designated this optimized protocol as ACME HS (ACetic acid-MEthanol High Salt). This technique aims to preserve cell morphology and RNA integrity, minimizing transcriptome changes and providing a more accurate representation of mature mRNA. We compared the ability of enzymatic, ACME HS, and nuclei isolation methods to preserve major cell types, gene expression, and standard quality parameters across 41 tissue samples. Our results demonstrated that ACME HS effectively dissociates and fixes cells, preserving cell morphology and high RNA integrity. This makes ACME HS a valuable alternative for scRNA-seq protocols involving challenging tissues where obtaining a live cell suspension is difficult or disruptive.</p>","PeriodicalId":12448,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology","volume":"12 ","pages":"1469955"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11748064/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143003008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A scATAC-seq atlas of stasis zone in rat skin burn injury wound process.","authors":"Ruikang Li, Jiashan Li, Shuai Liu, Xinya Guo, Jianyu Lu, Tao Wang, Junjie Chen, Yue Zheng, Yue Yuan, Jiaxin Du, Bolin Zhu, Xiaoyu Wei, Pengcheng Guo, Longqi Liu, Xun Xu, Xi Dai, Runzhi Huang, Xin Liu, Xiaoyan Hu, Shiwei Wang, Shizhao Ji","doi":"10.3389/fcell.2024.1519926","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcell.2024.1519926","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Burn injuries often leave behind a \"stasis zone\", a region of tissue critically important for determining both the severity of the injury and the potential for recovery. To understand the intricate cellular and epigenetic changes occurring within this critical zone, we utilized single-cell assay for transposase-accessible chromatin sequencing (scATAC-seq) to profile over 31,500 cells from both healthy rat skin and the stasis zone at nine different time points after a burn injury. This comprehensive approach revealed 26 distinct cell types and the dynamic shifts in the proportions of these cell types over time. We observed distinct gene activation patterns in different cell types at various stages post-burn, highlighting key players in immune activation, tissue regeneration, and blood vessel repair. Importantly, our analysis uncovered the regulatory networks governing these genes, offering valuable insights into the intricate mechanisms orchestrating burn wound healing. This comprehensive cellular and molecular atlas of the stasis zone provides a powerful resource for developing targeted therapies aimed at improving burn injury recovery and minimizing long-term consequences.</p>","PeriodicalId":12448,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology","volume":"12 ","pages":"1519926"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11752905/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143022519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New insight in immunotherapy and combine therapy in colorectal cancer.","authors":"Kai Ji, Hang Jia, Zixuan Liu, Guanyu Yu, Rongbo Wen, Tianshuai Zhang, Zhiying Peng, Wenjiang Man, Yucheng Tian, Can Wang, Qianlong Ling, Wei Zhang, Leqi Zhou, Mulin Liu, Bing Zhu","doi":"10.3389/fcell.2024.1453630","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcell.2024.1453630","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The advent of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in colorectal cancer (CRC) treatment marks a major breakthrough. These therapies have proven safer and more effective than traditional radiotherapy and targeted treatments. Immunotherapies like pembrolizumab, nivolumab, and ipilimumab have pioneered new treatment avenues, potentially improving patient outcomes and quality of life. Additionally, advances in immunotherapy have prompted detailed research into CRC therapies, especially those integrating ICIs with conventional treatments, providing new hope for patients and shaping future research and practice. This review delves into the mechanisms of various ICIs and evaluates their therapeutic potential when combined with radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and targeted therapies in clinical settings. It also sheds light on the current application and research involving ICIs in CRC treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":12448,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology","volume":"12 ","pages":"1453630"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11747282/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143003123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel <i>SEPT12</i> mutation, T96I, is associated with sperm head and annulus defects.","authors":"Kuan-Ru Chen, Han-Yu Wang, Yung-Che Kuo, Yu-Chih Lo, Pao-Lin Kuo","doi":"10.3389/fcell.2024.1498013","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcell.2024.1498013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Infertility affects around 8%-12% of reproductive-aged couples and is a major health concern. Both genetic and environmental factors influence male infertility. <i>SEPTIN12</i> is a crucial testis-specific gene essential for the final differentiation of male germ cells and is strongly linked to male infertility due to numerous detected mutations. The present study identified a novel <i>SEPTIN12</i> ^T96I mutation that causes male infertility. Immunofluorescence staining and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis of T96I sperm revealed co-localization of SEPT12 and SEPT7 in the obliquely positioned annulus. In addition, the sperm carrying the T96I mutation demonstrated large nuclear vacuoles, irregular swelling, and decondensation of the acrosomal cap. The overexpression of SEPT12 T96I in NT2/D1 cells impaired the formation of SEPT7 filaments, emphasizing the significance of SEPT12 filaments for sperm morphology and function. Our results demonstrate the importance of <i>SEPTIN12</i> ^T96I in male infertility and offer valuable insights for future detection in infertile men.</p>","PeriodicalId":12448,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology","volume":"12 ","pages":"1498013"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11756531/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143028446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A phase-transited lysozyme coating doped with strontium on titanium surface for bone repairing via enhanced osteogenesis and immunomodulatory.","authors":"Yu Zhang, Yu Chen, Yidan Shi, Hongkun Hu, Zhongyu Dai, Zhichen Liu, Xuanan Li","doi":"10.3389/fcell.2024.1506671","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcell.2024.1506671","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Titanium is currently recognized as an excellent orthopedic implant material, but it often leads to poor osseointegration of the implant, and is prone to aseptic loosening leading to implant failure. Therefore, biofunctionalization of titanium surfaces is needed to enhance their osseointegration and immunomodulation properties to reduce the risk of implant loosening. We concluded that the utilization of PTL-Sr is a direct and effective method for the fabrication of multifunctional implants.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this Study, phase-transited lysozyme (PTL) is deposited onto the surface of titanium (Ti) to construct a functional coating and strontium chloride solution was utilized to produce PTL coatings with Sr²⁺. The characterization of the strontium-doped PTL coatings (PTL-Sr) was tested by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES). A series of cell and animal experiments were conducted to investigate the biological functions of PTL-Sr coatings.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The characterization indicates the successful preparation of PTL-Sr coatings. <i>In vitro</i> cellular experiments have demonstrated that it promotes M2 macrophage polarization and reduces inflammatory mediator production while promoting osteogenic differentiation of bone merrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). The <i>in vivo</i> subcutaneous implantation model demonstrated its good immunomodulatory and angiogenic properties.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Titanium with PTL-Sr coatings promote biomineralization and immunomodulation, which is suitable for orthopedic applications. Further mechanistic exploration and studies using animal models is necessary to enhance the understanding of the clinical applicability of modified titanium.</p>","PeriodicalId":12448,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology","volume":"12 ","pages":"1506671"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11743474/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143002951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How cells align to structured collagen fibrils: a hybrid cellular Potts and molecular dynamics model with dynamic mechanosensitive focal adhesions.","authors":"Koen A E Keijzer, Erika Tsingos, Roeland M H Merks","doi":"10.3389/fcell.2024.1462277","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcell.2024.1462277","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Many mammalian cells, including endothelial cells and fibroblasts, align and elongate along the orientation of extracellular matrix (ECM) fibers in a gel when cultured <i>in vitro</i>. During cell elongation, clusters of focal adhesions (FAs) form near the poles of the elongating cells. FAs are mechanosensitive clusters of adhesions that grow under mechanical tension exerted by the cells' pulling on the ECM and shrink when the tension is released. In this study, we use mathematical modeling to study the hypothesis that mechanical reciprocity between cells and the ECM is sufficient for directing cell shape changes and orientation. We show that FAs are preferentially stabilized along the orientation of ECM fibers, where cells can generate higher tension than in directions perpendicular to the ECM fibers. We present a hybrid computational model coupling three mathematical approaches: first, the cellular Potts model (CPM) describes an individual contractile cell; second, molecular dynamics (MD) represent the ECM as a network of cross-linked, deformable fibers; third, a set of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) describes the dynamics of the cell's FAs, in terms of a balance between assembly and a mechanoresponsive disassembly. The resulting computational model shows that mechanical reciprocity suffices for stiffness-dependent cell spreading, local ECM remodeling, and ECM-alignment-dependent cell elongation. These combined effects are sufficient to explain how cell morphology is influenced by the local ECM structure and mechanics.</p>","PeriodicalId":12448,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology","volume":"12 ","pages":"1462277"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11743931/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143003083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Altered cytoskeleton dynamics in patient-derived iPSC-based model of PCDH19 clustering epilepsy.","authors":"Rossella Borghi, Stefania Petrini, Valentina Apollonio, Marina Trivisano, Nicola Specchio, Sandra Moreno, Enrico Bertini, Marco Tartaglia, Claudia Compagnucci","doi":"10.3389/fcell.2024.1518533","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2024.1518533","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Protocadherin 19 (PCDH19) is an adhesion molecule involved in cell-cell interaction whose mutations cause a drug-resistant form of epilepsy, named PCDH19-Clustering Epilepsy (PCDH19-CE, MIM 300088). The mechanism by which altered PCDH19 function drive pathogenesis is not yet fully understood. Our previous work showed that PCDH19 dysfunction is associated with altered orientation of the mitotic spindle and accelerated neurogenesis, suggesting a contribution of altered cytoskeleton organization in PCDH19-CE pathogenesis in the control of cell division and differentiation. Here, we evaluate the consequences of altered PCDH19 function on microfilaments and microtubules organization, using a disease model obtained from patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells. We show that iPSC-derived cortical neurons are characterized by altered cytoskeletal dynamics, suggesting that this protocadherin has a role in modulating stability of MFs and MTs. Consistently, the levels of acetylated-tubulin, which is related with stable MTs, are significantly increased in cortical neurons derived from the patient's iPSCs compared to control cells, supporting the idea that the altered dynamics of the MTs depends on their increased stability. Finally, performing live-imaging experiments using fluorescence recovery after photobleaching and by monitoring GFP-tagged end binding protein 3 (EB3) \"comets,\" we observe an impairment of the plus-end polymerization speed in PCDH19-mutated cortical neurons, therefore confirming the impaired MT dynamics. In addition to altering the mitotic spindle formation, the present data unveil that PCDH19 dysfunction leads to altered cytoskeletal rearrangement, providing therapeutic targets and pharmacological options to treat this disorder.</p>","PeriodicalId":12448,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology","volume":"12 ","pages":"1518533"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11743388/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143002955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Meibomian gland alterations in allergic conjunctivitis: insights from a novel quantitative analysis algorithm.","authors":"Jingting Wei, Kunhong Xiao, Qingyuan Cai, Shenghua Lin, Xiangjie Lin, Yujie Wang, Jiawen Lin, Kunfeng Lai, Yunxi Ye, Yuhan Liu, Li Li","doi":"10.3389/fcell.2024.1518154","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcell.2024.1518154","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To investigate the changes in meibomian gland (MG) structure in allergic conjunctivitis (AC) patients using an intelligent quantitative analysis algorithm and to explore the relationship between these changes and clinical parameters.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 252 eyes from patients with AC and 200 eyes from normal controls were examined. Infrared meibography was performed using the non-contact mode of the Keratograph 5M. MG images were analyzed using a deep learning-based a quantitative analysis algorithm to evaluate gland length, area, dropout ratio, and deformation. Clinical parameters, including tear meniscus height, tear break up time (TBUT), conjunctival hyperemia, and Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) scores, were assessed and correlated with changes in the structure of MG.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The average MG length in AC patients was 4.48 ± 1.04 mm, shorter compared to the control group (4.72 ± 0.94 mm). The average length of the central 5 glands in AC patients was 4.94 ± 1.67 mm, which was also shorter than the control group's central 5 glands (5.38 ± 1.42 mm). Furthermore, the central 5 glands' area in AC patients (1.61 ± 0.64 mm²) was reduced compared to the control group (1.79 ± 0.62 mm²). Tear meniscus height was lower in the allergy group (0.26 ± 0.10 mm) compared to the control group (0.44 ± 0.08 mm) (P < 0.05). The non-invasive first tear film break-up time was shorter in the allergy group (8.65 ± 6.31 s) than in the control group (10.48 ± 2.58 s) (P < 0.05). Conjunctival congestion was higher in the allergy group (1.1 ± 0.52) compared to the control group (0.97 ± 0.30) (P < 0.05). The OSDI score in the allergy group (8.33 ± 7.6) was higher than that in the control group (4.00 ± 0.50) (P < 0.05). Correlation analysis revealed that the gland dropout ratio was positively associated with male gender and negatively associated with age and OSDI scores. Additionally, despite an increased number of MG, tear film stability was not improved.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Through the intelligent quantitative algorithm, we found that AC leads to significant changes in MG structure, particularly affecting gland length and central area.</p>","PeriodicalId":12448,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology","volume":"12 ","pages":"1518154"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11743466/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143003108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanistic insights into vascular biology via methyltransferase-like 3-driven N⁶-adenosine methylation of RNA.","authors":"Deshuang Zhang, Zhixian Gou, Yi Qu, Xiaojuan Su","doi":"10.3389/fcell.2024.1482753","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcell.2024.1482753","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recent advancements in the mechanistic comprehension of vascular biology have concentrated on METTL3-mediated N⁶-methyladenosine modification of RNA, which modulates a spectrum of RNA functionalities with precision. Despite extensive investigations into the roles and mechanisms of METTL3 within vascular biology, a holistic review elucidating their interconnections remains absent. This analysis endeavors to meticulously scrutinize the involvement of METTL3 in both the physiological and pathological paradigms of vascular biology. The findings of this review indicate that METTL3 is indispensable for vascular development and functionality, predominantly through its regulatory influence on pericytes, endothelial cells, vascular smooth muscle cells, and hematopoietic stem cells. Conversely, aberrant METTL3 activity is implicated as a risk factor, diagnostic biomarker, and therapeutic target for vascular pathologies. This comprehensive review offers an exhaustive synthesis of METTL3's role in vascular biology, addressing existing knowledge gaps and serving as an essential reference for future research and potential clinical applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":12448,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology","volume":"12 ","pages":"1482753"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11743479/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143003100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells towards lens epithelial stem cells based on three-dimensional bio-printed matrix.","authors":"Yufan Liu, Zuowei Wang, Tianju Ma, Yi Gao, Wenqian Chen, Zi Ye, Zhaohui Li","doi":"10.3389/fcell.2024.1526943","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcell.2024.1526943","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The high risks of traumatic cataract treatments promoted the development of the concept of autologous lens regeneration. Biochemical cues can influence the cellular behavior of stem cells, and in this case, biophysical cues may be the important factors in producing rapid activation of cellular behavior. Here we bio-printed mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) using a commonly used bioink sodium alginate-gelatin blends, and investigated the induction effect of MSC differentiation towards lens epithelial stem cells (LESCs) under a combination of biochemical cues and biophysical cues. It was found that biochemical cues in the porous three-dimensional (3D) matrix constructed using bioink sodium alginate-gelatin blends for bio-printing did not reduce the cell viability of loaded MSCs in the matrix by scanning electron microscope (SEM) observation and cell viability detection. Loaded MSCs in the matrix were consistently upregulated in the expression of proteins and genes involved in phenotypes and development signaling pathways of LESCs, as detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with the support of biochemical cues. These results indicated that biophysical cues could rapidly activate the cellular behavior of MSCs differentiation, and biochemical cues could continuously induce MSCs differentiation towards LESCs.</p>","PeriodicalId":12448,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology","volume":"12 ","pages":"1526943"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11743933/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143003026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}