Frontiers in Chemistry最新文献

{"title":"Porous titanium scaffolds modified with Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework (ZIF-8) with enhanced osteogenic activity for the prevention of implant-associated infections","authors":"Valentina Di Matteo, Maria Francesca Di Filippo, Barbara Ballarin, Francesca Bonvicini, Maria Rosa Iaquinta, Silvia Panzavolta, Elisa Mazzoni, Maria Cristina Cassani","doi":"10.3389/fchem.2024.1452670","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fchem.2024.1452670","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, zeolitic imidazolate framework 8 (ZIF-8) was coated on porous Ti6Al4V scaffolds, either bare or previously modified using hydroxyapatite (HA) or HA and gelatin (HAgel), via a growing single-step method in aqueous media using two contact times at 6 h and 24 h. The coated scaffolds termed ZIF-8@Ti, ZIF-8@HA/Ti, and ZIF-8@HAgel/Ti were characterized via scanning electron microscopy (SEM), powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR), and molecular plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy (MP-AES). In order to assess the cell proliferation rate, the cytocompatibility of the scaffolds was evaluated in primary osteoblasts (hOBs) using alamarBlue assay, while the osteoconductivity was analyzed in hOBs using a real-time approach, evaluating the expression of secreted phosphoprotein 1 (SPP1). Osteopontin, which is the protein encoded by this gene, represents the major non-collagenous bone protein that binds tightly to HA. The scaffolds were shown to be non-cytotoxic based on hOB proliferation at all time points of analysis (24 h and 72 h). In hOB cultures, the scaffolds induced the upregulation of SPP1 with different fold changes. Some selected scaffolds were assayed <jats:italic>in vitro</jats:italic> for their antibacterial potential against <jats:italic>Staphylococcus epidermidis</jats:italic>; the scaffolds coated with ZIF-8 crystals, regardless of the presence of HA and gelatin, strongly inhibited bacterial adhesion to the materials and reduced bacterial proliferation in the culture medium, demonstrating the suitable release of ZIF-8 in a bioactive form. These experiments suggest that the innovative scaffolds, tested herein, provide a good microenvironment for hOB adhesion, viability, and osteoconduction with effective prevention of <jats:italic>S. epidermidis</jats:italic> adhesion.","PeriodicalId":12421,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142175501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Covalent organic-inorganic polyoxometalate hybrids in catalysis","authors":"Tuba Iftikhar, Mali H. Rosnes","doi":"10.3389/fchem.2024.1447623","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fchem.2024.1447623","url":null,"abstract":"Polyoxometalates (POMs) are a class of compounds known for the vast range of tunable structures and properties available, leading to applications in areas such as catalysis, energy, and advanced medicine. The ability to covalently functionalize POMs with organic components has been investigated extensively to tune the physical and chemical properties of the resulting hybrid materials. These hybrids, where the organic entity is covalently attached to the POM-core (<jats:italic>Class II</jats:italic> hybrid POMs) result in a vast library of promising customizable catalytic systems, displaying tunable properties with a high level of synergy between the polyanion and the organic component. A number of <jats:italic>Class II</jats:italic> hybrids have been investigated for a wide range of catalytic applications, and here, we give a brief overview of <jats:italic>Class II</jats:italic> hybrids of the p-block elements and their applications in catalysis.","PeriodicalId":12421,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142175502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of DNA aptamers to block enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli toxicity in a Galleria mellonella larval model","authors":"Maria Margarida Barros, Joana Castro, Daniela Araújo, Ricardo Oliveira, Ana Maria Campos, Sónia Silva, Divanildo Outor-Monteiro, Carina Almeida","doi":"10.3389/fchem.2024.1425903","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fchem.2024.1425903","url":null,"abstract":"Enterotoxigenic <jats:italic>Escherichia coli</jats:italic> (ETEC) is the major bacterial cause of diarrheal diseases in pigs, particularly at young ages, resulting in significant costs to swine farming. The pathogenicity of ETEC is largely dependent on the presence of fimbriae and the ability to produce toxins. Fimbriae are responsible for their initial adhesion to the intestinal epithelial cells, leading to the onset of infection. In particular, the F4 type (K88) fimbriae are often attributed to neonatal infections and have also been associated with post-weaning diarrheal infections. This disease is traditionally prevented or treated with antibiotics, but their use is being severely restricted due to the emergence of resistant bacteria and their impact on human health. Emerging approaches such as aptamers that target the F4-type fimbriae and block the initial ETEC adhesion are a promising alternative. The aim of this study is to assess the effectiveness of two aptamers, Apt31 and Apt37, in controlling ETEC infection in the <jats:italic>G. mellonella in vivo</jats:italic> model. Initially, the dissociation constant (K<jats:sub>D</jats:sub>) of each aptamer against ETEC was established using real-time quantitative PCR methodology. Subsequently, different concentrations of the aptamers were injected into <jats:italic>Galleria mellonella</jats:italic> to study their toxicity. Afterwards, the anti-ETEC potential of Apt31 and Apt37 was assessed in the larvae model. The determined K<jats:sub>D</jats:sub> was 81.79 nM (95% CI: 31.21–199.4 nM) and 50.71 nM (95% CI: 26.52–96.15 nM) for the Apt31 and Apt37, respectively, showing no statistical difference. No toxicity was observed in <jats:italic>G. mellonella</jats:italic> following injection with both aptamers at any concentration. However, the administration of Apt31 together with ETEC-F4+ in <jats:italic>G. mellonella</jats:italic> resulted in a significant improvement of approximately 30% in both larvae survival and health index compared to ETEC-F4+ alone. These findings suggest that aptamers have promising inhibitory effect against ETEC infections and pave the way for additional <jats:italic>in vivo</jats:italic> studies.","PeriodicalId":12421,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142175504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proteomics and phosphoproteomics reveal novel proteins involved in Cipangopaludina chinensis carcasses","authors":"Gongzhen Liu, Kangyu Zhong, Shanmin Gong, Xinru Li, Yanshen Li","doi":"10.3389/fchem.2024.1416942","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fchem.2024.1416942","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:italic>Cipangopaludina chinensis</jats:italic> is a common freshwater mollusk that is widely distributed worldwide, especially in China. In our research, 1,382 proteins and 1,039 phosphorylated proteins were identified from <jats:italic>C. chinensis</jats:italic> carcasses, and 690 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were quantified. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses revealed that the DEPs are involved in cellular processes, single-organism processes, metabolic processes, developmental processes, localization, and biological regulation. The phosphorylated proteins were found to be related to the Rap1 signaling pathway, Ras signaling pathway, calcium signaling pathway, and longevity-regulating pathways. Moreover, we also identified important regulatory enzymes, such as guanylate cyclase, tyrosine protein kinase, receptor protein tyrosine kinase, and glyoxylate reductase/hydroxypyruvate reductase. Notably, we found guanylate cyclase to be present in multiple signaling pathways, including the Rap1 signaling pathway, calcium signaling pathway, Ras signaling pathway, insulin secretion, longevity regulating pathway, glutamatergic synapse, circadian entrainment, and gap junction. This enzyme may play a crucial role in regulating molecular mechanisms in <jats:italic>C. chinensis.</jats:italic> In summary, proteomic and phosphoproteomic analyses of <jats:italic>C. chinensis</jats:italic> carcasses displayed significant differences among different geographical isolates, which helps enhance our understanding of food nutrition, signaling pathways, and metabolic mechanisms in <jats:italic>C. chinensis</jats:italic>.","PeriodicalId":12421,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142175506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A ruthenium single atom nanozyme-based antibiotic for the treatment of otitis media caused by Staphylococcus aureus","authors":"Jie Wang, Rui Gong, Ming Yang, Xi Wu, Ziwei Li, Haibing Huang, Xiyun Yan, Daji Wang","doi":"10.3389/fchem.2024.1439039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fchem.2024.1439039","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus</jats:italic> (<jats:italic>S. aureus</jats:italic>) infection is a primary cause of otitis media (OM), the most common disease for which children are prescribed antibiotics. However, the abuse of antibiotics has led to a global increase in antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Nanozymes, as promising alternatives to traditional antibiotics, are being extensively utilized to combat AMR. Here, we synthesize a series of single-atom nanozymes (metal-C<jats:sub>3</jats:sub>N<jats:sub>4</jats:sub> SANzymes) by loading four metals (Ag, Fe, Cu, Ru) with antibacterial properties onto a crystalline g-C<jats:sub>3</jats:sub>N<jats:sub>4</jats:sub>. These metal-C<jats:sub>3</jats:sub>N<jats:sub>4</jats:sub> display a rob-like morphology and well-dispersed metal atoms. Among them, Ru-C<jats:sub>3</jats:sub>N<jats:sub>4</jats:sub> demonstrates the optimal peroxidase-like activity (285.3 U mg<jats:sup>–1</jats:sup>), comparable to that of horseradish peroxidase (267.7 U mg<jats:sup>–1</jats:sup>). <jats:italic>In vitro</jats:italic> antibacterial assays reveal that Ru-C<jats:sub>3</jats:sub>N<jats:sub>4</jats:sub> significantly inhibits <jats:italic>S. aureus</jats:italic> growth compared with other metal-C<jats:sub>3</jats:sub>N<jats:sub>4</jats:sub> even at a low concentration (0.06 mg mL<jats:sup>–1</jats:sup>). Notably, Ru-C<jats:sub>3</jats:sub>N<jats:sub>4</jats:sub> acts as a narrow-spectrum nanoantibiotic with relative specificity against Gram-positive bacteria. Biofilms formed by <jats:italic>S. aureus</jats:italic> are easily degraded by Ru-C<jats:sub>3</jats:sub>N<jats:sub>4</jats:sub> due to its high peroxidase-like activity. <jats:italic>In vivo</jats:italic>, Ru-C<jats:sub>3</jats:sub>N<jats:sub>4</jats:sub> effectively eliminates <jats:italic>S. aureus</jats:italic> and relieves ear inflammation in OM mouse models. However, untreated OM mice eventually develop hearing impairment. Due to its low metal load, Ru-C<jats:sub>3</jats:sub>N<jats:sub>4</jats:sub> does not exhibit significant toxicity to blood, liver, or kidney. In conclusion, this study presents a novel SANzyme-based antibiotic that can effectively eliminate <jats:italic>S. aureus</jats:italic> and treat <jats:italic>S. aureus</jats:italic>-induced OM.","PeriodicalId":12421,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142175505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial: Recent advances in biomass conversion to sustainable chemicals and polymers.","authors":"Haixin Guo,Yan Cao,Hu Li,Jinjia Xu,Huie Zhu","doi":"10.3389/fchem.2024.1475162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fchem.2024.1475162","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12421,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142175503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transition metal pincer catalysts for formic acid dehydrogenation: a mechanistic perspective","authors":"N. Sai Kumar, Anubendu Adhikary","doi":"10.3389/fchem.2024.1452408","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fchem.2024.1452408","url":null,"abstract":"The storage and transportation of hydrogen gas, a non-polluting alternative to carbon-based fuels, have always been challenging due to its extreme flammability. In this regard, formic acid (FA) is a promising liquid organic hydrogen carrier (LOHC), and over the past decades, significant progress has been made in dehydrogenating FA through transition metal catalysis. In this review, our goal is to provide a detailed insight into the existing processes to expose various mechanistic challenges associated with FA dehydrogenation (FAD). Specifically, methodologies catalyzed by pincer-ligated metal complexes were chosen. Pincer ligands are preferred as they provide structural rigidity to the complexes, making the isolation and analysis of reaction intermediates less challenging and consequently providing a better mechanistic understanding. In this perspective, the catalytic activity of the reported pincer complexes in FAD was overviewed, and more importantly, the catalytic cycles were examined in detail. Further attention was given to the structural modifications, role of additives, reaction medium, and their crucial effects on the outcome.","PeriodicalId":12421,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142175507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adsorptive removal of organophosphate pesticides from aqueous solution using electrospun carbon nanofibers","authors":"Bukola O. Adesanmi, Shobha Mantripragada, Raphael D. Ayivi, Panesun Tukur, Sherine O. Obare, Jianjun Wei","doi":"10.3389/fchem.2024.1454367","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fchem.2024.1454367","url":null,"abstract":"Organophosphate pesticides (OPPs) are widely prevalent in the environment primarily due to their low cost and extensive use in agricultural lands. However, it is estimated that only about 5% of these applied pesticides reach their intended target organisms. The remaining 95% residue linger in the environment as contaminants, posing significant ecological and health risks. This underscores the need for materials capable of effectively removing, recovering, and recycling these contaminants through adsorption processes. In this research, adsorbent materials composed of electro-spun carbon nanofibers (ECNFs) derived from polyacrylonitrile was developed. The materials were characterized through several techniques, including scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) analysis, and contact angle measurements. SEM analysis revealed details of the structural properties and inter-fiber spacing variations of the carbon nanofibers. The results revealed that ECNFs possess remarkable uniformity, active surface areas, and high efficiency for adsorption processes. The adsorption studies were conducted using batch experiments with ethion pesticide in aqueous solution. High-Performance Liquid Chromatography–Diode Array Detector (HPLC-DAD) was utilized to quantify the concentrations of the OPP. Various parameters, including adsorbent dosage, pH, contact time, and initial ethion concentration, were investigated to understand their impact on the adsorption process. The adsorption isotherm was best described by the Freundlich model, while the kinetics of adsorption followed a non-integer-order kinetics model. The adsorption capacity of the ECNFs for OPP removal highlights a significant advancement in materials designed for environmental remediation applications. This study demonstrates the potential of ECNFs to serve as effective adsorbents, contributing to the mitigation of pesticide contamination in agricultural environments.","PeriodicalId":12421,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142175508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis of BODIPY FL-tethered ridaifen-B, RID-B-BODIPY, and its localization in cancer cells.","authors":"Takatsugu Murata, Kyoka Komukai, Yuta Semba, Eri Murata, Fumi Sato, Tomohiro Takano, Kaho Tsuchiya, Chihiro Matsuda, Anju Sakai, Amane Yoneoka, Shunsuke Takahashi, Yukitoshi Nagahara, Isamu Shiina","doi":"10.3389/fchem.2024.1451468","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fchem.2024.1451468","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We synthesized ridaifen-B boron dipyrromethene (<b>RID-B-BODIPY</b>) using 2-methyl-6-nitro benzoic anhydride (MNBA)-mediated dehydration condensation reaction between amino alkyl-tethered RID and BODIPY FL. Comparative experiments between dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC) and MNBA for their coupling reactions demonstrated that MNBA is an effective condensation reagent for amines and BODIPY FL. A cell staining study with <b>RID-B-BODIPY</b> showed intracellular localization of BODIPY FL fluorescence, attributed to the <b>RID-B</b> structure, indicating the successful development of a tool for analyzing intracellular molecular behavior efficiently.</p>","PeriodicalId":12421,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11377228/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142153533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial: Recent advances in photokinetics.","authors":"Mounir Maafi","doi":"10.3389/fchem.2024.1474428","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fchem.2024.1474428","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12421,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11377345/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142153531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}