Fermentation最新文献_第2页

Coriolopsis trogii MUT3379: A Novel Cell Factory for High-Yield Laccase Production 拟南芥 MUT3379：高产漆酶的新型细胞工厂

Fermentation Pub Date : 2024-07-22 DOI: 10.3390/fermentation10070376

Luca Mellere, Martina Bellasio, Francesca Berini, Flavia Marinelli, Jean Armengaud, F. Beltrametti

{"title":"Coriolopsis trogii MUT3379: A Novel Cell Factory for High-Yield Laccase Production","authors":"Luca Mellere, Martina Bellasio, Francesca Berini, Flavia Marinelli, Jean Armengaud, F. Beltrametti","doi":"10.3390/fermentation10070376","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fermentation10070376","url":null,"abstract":"Coriolopsis trogii is a basidiomycete fungus which utilizes a large array of lignin-modifying enzymes to colonize and decompose dead wood. Its extracellular enzymatic arsenal includes laccases, i.e., polyphenol oxidases of relevant interest for different industrial applications thanks to their ability to oxidize a diverse range of natural and synthetic compounds. In this work, the production of laccases in C. trogii MUT3379 was explored and improved. From an initial production of ca. 10,000 U L−1, the fermentation process was gradually optimized, reaching a final yield of ca. 200,000 U L−1. An SDS-PAGE analysis of the secretome highlighted the presence of a main protein of ca. 60 kDa showing laccase activity, which was designated as Lac3379-1 once its primary sequence was established by tandem mass spectrometry. The characterization of Lac3379-1 revealed a remarkable enzymatic stability in the presence of surfactants and solvents and a diversified activity on a broad range of substrates, positioning it as an interesting tool for diverse biotechnological applications. The high-yield and robust production process indicates C. trogii MUT3379 as a promising cell factory for laccases, offering new perspectives for industrial applications of lignin-modifying enzymes.","PeriodicalId":12379,"journal":{"name":"Fermentation","volume":"30 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141816817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Effects of a Saccharomyces cerevisiae Strain Overexpressing the Endopolygalacturonase PGU1 Gene on the Aminoacidic, Volatile, and Phenolic Compositions of Cabernet Sauvignon Wines 过量表达内聚半乳糖醛酸酶 PGU1 基因的酿酒酵母菌株对赤霞珠葡萄酒氨基酸、挥发性物质和酚类成分的影响

Fermentation Pub Date : 2024-07-22 DOI: 10.3390/fermentation10070375

Mónica Fernández-González, P. M. Izquierdo-Cañas, E. García-Romero, Tania Paniagua-Martínez, S. Gómez-Alonso

{"title":"The Effects of a Saccharomyces cerevisiae Strain Overexpressing the Endopolygalacturonase PGU1 Gene on the Aminoacidic, Volatile, and Phenolic Compositions of Cabernet Sauvignon Wines","authors":"Mónica Fernández-González, P. M. Izquierdo-Cañas, E. García-Romero, Tania Paniagua-Martínez, S. Gómez-Alonso","doi":"10.3390/fermentation10070375","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fermentation10070375","url":null,"abstract":"The addition of pectinase enzymes during the maceration stage of grape skins in order to improve the extraction yields and color of red wines is a common practice in many wineries. The objective of this work was to study in depth the changes that occurred in the aminoacidic, volatile, and phenolic compositions of Cabernet Sauvignon wines fermented with a Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain genetically modified with the gene encoding for endopolygalacturonase (PGU1) in transcriptional fusion with the promoter of the phosphoglycerate kinase (PGK1) gene, both from S. cerevisiae origin. A higher yield extraction of wine was obtained in wines fermented with the modified strain (PW), increasing by around 6.1% compared to the control wine (CW). Moreover, there was a 40% decrease in the malic acid content in the PW, thus suggesting that this modified yeast could be investigated as a malic acid-reducing agent. There were slight differences in other aroma volatile compounds studied as well as in the phenolic content. However, there was a considerable increase in the amino acid content in the PW.","PeriodicalId":12379,"journal":{"name":"Fermentation","volume":"3 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141817168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Impact of Lactic Acid Fermentation on the Organic Acids and Sugars of Developed Oat and Buckwheat Beverages 乳酸发酵对燕麦和荞麦饮料中有机酸和糖的影响

Fermentation Pub Date : 2024-07-21 DOI: 10.3390/fermentation10070373

K. Küçükgöz, Anna Franczak, Wiszko Borysewicz, Klaudia Kamińska, Muhammad Salman, Wioletta Mosiej, M. Kruk, D. Kołożyn-Krajewska, M. Trząskowska

{"title":"Impact of Lactic Acid Fermentation on the Organic Acids and Sugars of Developed Oat and Buckwheat Beverages","authors":"K. Küçükgöz, Anna Franczak, Wiszko Borysewicz, Klaudia Kamińska, Muhammad Salman, Wioletta Mosiej, M. Kruk, D. Kołożyn-Krajewska, M. Trząskowska","doi":"10.3390/fermentation10070373","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fermentation10070373","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, new plant-based foods and drinks have been developed to meet the growing demand for animal-derived alternatives, particularly dairy products. This study investigates the impact of lactic acid fermentation on the organic acids and sugars in oat and buckwheat beverages developed using Lactobacillus johnsonii K4 and Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus K3, which are potential probiotics. The fermented samples were analyzed for pH changes, bacterial viability, and the concentration of organic acids and sugars over 15 days. The results indicated significant variations in bacterial colony counts, with L. johnsonii K4 showing the highest initial growth. Over 15 days, pH levels decreased, with the most acidic conditions observed in buckwheat beverages. Notably, fermentation led to a significant increase in acetic acid concentration and a reduction in malic acid levels, particularly in buckwheat samples. These findings highlight the dynamic nature of fermentation in enhancing the nutritional profile and shelf-life of plant-based beverages.","PeriodicalId":12379,"journal":{"name":"Fermentation","volume":"63 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141817620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Optimizing Oxygen Exposure during Kombucha Brewing Using Air-Permeable Silicone Bags 使用透气硅胶袋优化昆布茶酿造过程中的氧气暴露

Fermentation Pub Date : 2024-07-20 DOI: 10.3390/fermentation10070371

Briana Abigail R. Czarnecki, Kortnie M. Chamberlain, Ian M. Loscher, Emily R. Swartz, Lieke M. Black, Emma C. Oberholtzer, Jordan C. Scalia, Bret A. Watson, Lauren E. Shearer, John N. Richardson, Jeb S. Kegerreis

引用次数: 0

The Effect of Covering Corn Silage with Tomato or Apple Pomace on Fermentation Parameters and Feed Quality 用番茄或苹果渣覆盖玉米青贮对发酵参数和饲料质量的影响

Fermentation Pub Date : 2024-07-20 DOI: 10.3390/fermentation10070372

Hayrullah Bora Ünlü, Ö. Canbolat, O. Yerlikaya, Selim Esen, V. Palangi, Maximilian Lackner

{"title":"The Effect of Covering Corn Silage with Tomato or Apple Pomace on Fermentation Parameters and Feed Quality","authors":"Hayrullah Bora Ünlü, Ö. Canbolat, O. Yerlikaya, Selim Esen, V. Palangi, Maximilian Lackner","doi":"10.3390/fermentation10070372","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fermentation10070372","url":null,"abstract":"The current study assessed the effects of covering corn silage with tomato or apple pomace on fermentability and feed quality. The in vitro gas production test was performed using graded 100 mL syringes. Incubation times were 3, 6, 12, 24, 48, 72, and 96 h. In vitro gas generation characteristics were significantly altered by TP (tomato pomace) and AP (apple pomace), both alone and in conjunction with PE (polyethylene) films, regardless of their presence. As a result of the effects found on NH3-N concentration, aerobic stability, and yeast activity, TP and AP have the potential to become an eco-friendly alternative to PE films. The gas production from the immediately soluble fraction (a) of corn silage was only affected when the corn silage was covered with a combination of AP and PE compared to the CPE group (p < 0.001). The largest cluster includes correlations of the DOM-TDDM (r = 0.90), DOM-AA (r = 0.88), and Ash-TDDM (r = 0.86) correlations. The most substantial negative correlations were identified between DM-CO2 (r = −82), DM-Yeast (r = −0.79), and CF-DOM (r = −0.79). Nonetheless, the use of pomace as a silage cover presents an inexpensive alternative to plastic films for silage that does not have the environmental problems associated with persistent micro- and nanoplastics.","PeriodicalId":12379,"journal":{"name":"Fermentation","volume":"28 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141819728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Enhancing Antioxidant Bioaccessibility in Rosa rugosa through Lactobacillus plantarum Fermentation 通过植物乳杆菌发酵提高蔷薇中抗氧化剂的生物利用率

Fermentation Pub Date : 2024-07-19 DOI: 10.3390/fermentation10070368

Jiaru Li, Junxiang Li, Hui Yang, Yuchan Ma, Zeqi Huo, Shutao Wang, Yang Lin, Chunjiang Zhang

{"title":"Enhancing Antioxidant Bioaccessibility in Rosa rugosa through Lactobacillus plantarum Fermentation","authors":"Jiaru Li, Junxiang Li, Hui Yang, Yuchan Ma, Zeqi Huo, Shutao Wang, Yang Lin, Chunjiang Zhang","doi":"10.3390/fermentation10070368","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fermentation10070368","url":null,"abstract":"This study explores the biotransformation of phenolic compounds in Rosa rugosa through Lactobacillus plantarum fermentation, enhancing their bioaccessibility and antioxidant capacity. We developed a sensitive and reproducible analytical method using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QqQ-MS/MS), enabling the analysis of 17 phenolic compounds from Rosa (R) and fermented Rosa (FR). Additionally, we conducted a density functional theory (DFT) study to correlate the structure of key phenolic compounds from R and FR with their antioxidant activity. Our findings revealed that both R and FR mitigate oxidative stress in tert-butyl-hydrogen peroxide (TBHP)-induced Caco-2 and HT-29 cells by elevating the activities of crucial antioxidative enzymes, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and glutathione reductase (GR). Furthermore, fermented Rosa significantly upregulated Nrf2, γ-GCS, HO-1, and NOQ-1 mRNA expression in TBHP-induced cells with Quantitative and real-time PCR technology, emphasizing its protective function primarily through the Nrf2 signaling pathway. This study is the first to demonstrate the link between the enhanced antioxidant potential in fermented Rosa and the biotransformation of its phenolic compounds. It paves the way for augmenting the antioxidant capacity of plant foods through Lactobacillus plantarum fermentation, offering a novel approach to reinforce their health benefits.","PeriodicalId":12379,"journal":{"name":"Fermentation","volume":"115 24","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141821921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Elucidating Key Microbial Drivers for Methane Production during Cold Adaptation and Psychrophilic Anaerobic Digestion of Cattle Manure and Food Waste 阐明牛粪和厨余在适应寒冷和心理亲水厌氧消化过程中产生甲烷的关键微生物驱动因素

Fermentation Pub Date : 2024-07-19 DOI: 10.3390/fermentation10070370

Haripriya Rama, B. Ndaba, M. Dhlamini, Nicolene M. Cochrane, Malik Maaza, A. Roopnarain

{"title":"Elucidating Key Microbial Drivers for Methane Production during Cold Adaptation and Psychrophilic Anaerobic Digestion of Cattle Manure and Food Waste","authors":"Haripriya Rama, B. Ndaba, M. Dhlamini, Nicolene M. Cochrane, Malik Maaza, A. Roopnarain","doi":"10.3390/fermentation10070370","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fermentation10070370","url":null,"abstract":"At psychrophilic temperatures (<20 °C), anaerobic digestion produces less methane (CH4). For psychrophilic anaerobic digestion (PAD) to be successful, investigation of cold-adapted microbial consortia involved in methane production is critical. This study aimed to investigate the microbial community driving enhanced methane production from the cold-adaptation process and bioaugmentation of PAD with cold-adapted inoculum (BI). Microbial consortia in cattle manure (CM) and food waste (FW) were adapted and applied during batch PAD of CM and FW to bioaugment methane production at 15 °C. Cold adaptation and PAD with BI resulted in cumulative specific methane yields of 0.874 ± 0.231 and 0.552 ± 0.089 L CH4 g−1 volatile solids, respectively, after 14 weeks, while the absence of BI (control) led to acidification and no methane production during PAD. Following 16S rRNA V4–V5 amplicon sequencing and metagenomic analyses, Methanosarcina was revealed as a key driver of methanogenesis during cold adaptation and PAD bioaugmentation. Furthermore, based on the predictive functional and metabolic analysis of the communities, possible synergies were proposed in terms of substrate production and utilization by the dominant microbial groups. For instance, during methane production, Bacteroides and Methanobrevibacter were possibly involved in a syntrophic relationship, which promoted methanogenesis by Methanosarcina. These findings provide insight into the prospective microbial synergies that can be harnessed and/or regulated in cold-adapted inoculum for the improvement of methane production during PAD.","PeriodicalId":12379,"journal":{"name":"Fermentation","volume":" 21","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141822749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of Eurotium cristatum Fermentation on Tartary Buckwheat Leaf Tea: Sensory Analysis, Volatile Compounds, Non-Volatile Profile and Antioxidant Activity 发酵对鞑靼荞麦叶茶的影响：感官分析、挥发性化合物、非挥发性成分和抗氧化活性

Fermentation Pub Date : 2024-07-19 DOI: 10.3390/fermentation10070369

Liangzhen Jiang, Xiao Han, Luo Wang, Haonan Zheng, Gen Ma, Xiao Wang, Yuanmou Tang, Xiaoqin Zheng, Changying Liu, Yan Wan, Dabing Xiang

{"title":"Effects of Eurotium cristatum Fermentation on Tartary Buckwheat Leaf Tea: Sensory Analysis, Volatile Compounds, Non-Volatile Profile and Antioxidant Activity","authors":"Liangzhen Jiang, Xiao Han, Luo Wang, Haonan Zheng, Gen Ma, Xiao Wang, Yuanmou Tang, Xiaoqin Zheng, Changying Liu, Yan Wan, Dabing Xiang","doi":"10.3390/fermentation10070369","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fermentation10070369","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Eurotium cristatum (E. cristatum) is the probiotic fungus in Fu-brick tea, with which fermentation brings a unique flavor and taste and health-promoting effects. Tartary buckwheat leaves are rich in functional active substances such as flavonoids and phenolic compounds, yet are not effectively utilized. Methods: Tartary buckwheat leaves were processed into raw green tea first and subsequently fermented with E. cristatum to develop a novel fermented leaf tea. The tea quality was evaluated by the aspects of the sensory scores by E-tongue, the volatile compounds by HS-SPME-GC-MS, the non-volatile profile by biochemical and UPLC-MS/MS methods and the antioxidant activity by the colorimetric assay. Results: Fermented leaf tea displayed a golden yellow color, a unique “flower” aroma and a dark-tea taste, with an improved sensory acceptability. Fermentation raised the content of volatile heterocyclic and aromatic compounds, alkenes and other aromatic components, which produced a unique floral flavor. The proportion of sour, bitter and astringency accounting non-volatile compounds such as phenolic acids and amino acids decreased, while the proportion of umami and sweet accounting substances such as responsible amino acids increased. Fermented leaf tea displayed a relative stronger total antioxidant activity against ABTS. Conclusion: E. cristatum fermentation exerted positive effects on Tartary buckwheat leaf tea quality.","PeriodicalId":12379,"journal":{"name":"Fermentation","volume":"111 38","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141821210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Bioconversion of Alternative Substrates for the Biosynthesis of HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors by Aspergillus spp. Strains with Antimicrobial Potential 具有抗菌潜力的曲霉菌株生物转化 HMG-CoA 还原酶抑制剂生物合成过程中的替代底物

Fermentation Pub Date : 2024-07-18 DOI: 10.3390/fermentation10070367

Uiara M. de B. L. Lins, R. D. S. Mendonça, S. S. S. Dantas, A. F. Souza, Dayana Montero-Rodríguez, Rosileide F. da S. Andrade, G. Campos-Takaki

{"title":"Bioconversion of Alternative Substrates for the Biosynthesis of HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors by Aspergillus spp. Strains with Antimicrobial Potential","authors":"Uiara M. de B. L. Lins, R. D. S. Mendonça, S. S. S. Dantas, A. F. Souza, Dayana Montero-Rodríguez, Rosileide F. da S. Andrade, G. Campos-Takaki","doi":"10.3390/fermentation10070367","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fermentation10070367","url":null,"abstract":"Simvastatin, a semisynthetic drug widely used to lower cholesterol, is among the most prescribed statins worldwide. This study focuses on the direct production of a simvastatin-like biomolecule using alternative substrates by Aspergillus spp. strains. Two species, A. terreus UCP 1276 and A. flavus UCP 0316, were initially evaluated in synthetic media as control. Subsequently, the carbon and nitrogen sources were replaced by agro-industrial substrates, resulting in five modified media. Cultures were maintained at 28 °C, pH 6.5, at 180 rpm for 21 days. Fungal growth kinetics were evaluated and a 23 full-factorial design (FFD) was used to investigate the influence of substrate concentration on statin yield. Presence of inhibitors was confirmed by bioassay, UV–visible spectrophotometry, and thin-layer chromatography (TLC). According to the results, A. flavus UCP yielded 0.24 mg/g of statin in condition 2 of FFD (medium containing 4.5% soluble starch and saline base), suggesting it as a promising candidate for direct production of the biomolecule. Statistical analysis showed the significant effect of soluble starch on inhibitor production, making it a viable and profitable alternative substrate. Moreover, the isolated statin exhibited broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity, including efficacy against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria and yeasts, indicating therapeutic potential against antimicrobial resistance.","PeriodicalId":12379,"journal":{"name":"Fermentation","volume":" 27","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141827964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Revealing the 2300-Year-Old Fermented Beverage in a Bronze Bottle from Shaanxi, China 揭开中国陕西青铜瓶中 2300 年前发酵饮料的神秘面纱

Fermentation Pub Date : 2024-07-18 DOI: 10.3390/fermentation10070365

Li Liu, Yanglizheng Zhang, Wei Ge, Zhiwei Lin, Nasa Sinnott-Armstrong, Lu Yang

{"title":"Revealing the 2300-Year-Old Fermented Beverage in a Bronze Bottle from Shaanxi, China","authors":"Li Liu, Yanglizheng Zhang, Wei Ge, Zhiwei Lin, Nasa Sinnott-Armstrong, Lu Yang","doi":"10.3390/fermentation10070365","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fermentation10070365","url":null,"abstract":"China has a 9000-year-long history of cereal-based alcohol production, with the use of molds (filamentous fungi) likely being one of the earliest fermentation techniques. This method later developed into the uniquely East Asian qu (koji) starter compound, containing grains, molds, yeasts, and bacteria. Recent studies have revealed that this method was already widely applied during the Neolithic period. However, much less is known about its development during the early dynastic times, and our knowledge of this innovation has mainly relied on textual materials. Here, we present direct evidence, based on microbotanical, microbial, and chemical analyses, for the fermentation method of a 2300-year-old liquid preserved in a sealed bronze bottle unearthed in a Qin tomb at Yancun, Shaanxi. The results of this research suggest that this liquid is likely a fermented beverage made from wheat/barley, rice, Job’s tears, broomcorn millet, and pulses. The fermentation starter may have been a cereal-based qu, consisting of a wide range of microorganisms, including molds (Aspergillus and Monascus), yeasts, and bacteria. Our findings suggest that the tradition of selecting suitable grains and microbial communities for brewing alcohol, possibly with a maiqu starter (primarily wheat/barley-based qu), may have been well established more than two thousand years ago.","PeriodicalId":12379,"journal":{"name":"Fermentation","volume":" 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141824952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0