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Grammaticalization from a Typological Perspective最新文献

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Grammaticalization in Turkic 突厥语的语法化
Grammaticalization from a Typological Perspective Pub Date : 2018-11-01 DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780198795841.003.0008
L. Johanson, Éva Á. Csató
{"title":"Grammaticalization in Turkic","authors":"L. Johanson, Éva Á. Csató","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780198795841.003.0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198795841.003.0008","url":null,"abstract":"The chapter represents the whole Northern Eurasian area, where Turkic languages are spoken in close contact with the Transeurasian languages Mongolic and Tungusic. These three families share significant grammaticalization strategies and typological characteristics with each other as well as with Koreanic and Japonic. First, the distribution, classification, and some basic typological features of Turkic languages are briefly presented in comparison with other Transeurasian languages. The main focus lies on typically non-European grammaticalization processes that are representative of the whole family and recur throughout the known history of Turkic. A detailed account of different grammaticalization strategies of so-called postverbial constructions—a combination of a converb and an auxilary verb—complements the treatment of similar processes in other Transeurasian languages in the volume.","PeriodicalId":123592,"journal":{"name":"Grammaticalization from a Typological Perspective","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116894822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Grammaticalization processes in the languages of South Asia 南亚语言的语法化过程
Grammaticalization from a Typological Perspective Pub Date : 2018-11-01 DOI: 10.1093/OSO/9780198795841.003.0010
A. Coupe
{"title":"Grammaticalization processes in the languages of South Asia","authors":"A. Coupe","doi":"10.1093/OSO/9780198795841.003.0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/OSO/9780198795841.003.0010","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter describes grammaticalization patterns in a broad selection of languages of South Asia, a multilingual region of the world known to constitute a linguistic area in which unrelated languages demonstrate evidence of linguistic convergence. In addition to presenting representative examples of grammaticalization, the chapter specifically considers whether widely recurring patterns in unrelated languages could be induced by language contact. The investigation finds robust evidence for the transfer of seemingly identical cognitive schemas across the genetic boundaries of languages in contact. These target morphemes or constructions with identical meanings in unrelated languages, and they produce grammaticalization outcomes that are not attested in related languages located outside South Asia. Such replicated patterns must cater to a multilingual community’s communicative needs, while at the same time reducing the cognitive burden imposed by multilingualism in a linguistic area.","PeriodicalId":123592,"journal":{"name":"Grammaticalization from a Typological Perspective","volume":"20 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120911650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Grammaticalization in the languages of Europe 欧洲语言的语法化
Grammaticalization from a Typological Perspective Pub Date : 2018-11-01 DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780198795841.003.0005
Östen Dahl
{"title":"Grammaticalization in the languages of Europe","authors":"Östen Dahl","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780198795841.003.0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198795841.003.0005","url":null,"abstract":"The Eurocentric bias in most linguistic research makes it difficult to determine what is peculiar to grammaticalization in Europe. Typological profiles can be established, if not for Europe as a whole, at least for parts of it, in particular for what have been referred to as the ‘Standard Average European’ (SAE) languages. A small set of spreading grammaticalization processes have contributed significantly to the SAE profile. The chapter looks more closely at one of those processes—the rise of so-called ‘possessive perfects’, a development which has few close parallels outside Europe. As has been argued recently by other scholars, the link to possessive constructions is more problematic than has been assumed earlier. In connection with claims about the special nature of grammaticalization in East and Mainland Southeast Asia, some comparisons are made between that area and Europe, in support of the argument that the differences may be less radical than has been claimed.","PeriodicalId":123592,"journal":{"name":"Grammaticalization from a Typological Perspective","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130816926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Shaping typology through grammaticalization: North America 通过语法化塑造类型学:北美
Grammaticalization from a Typological Perspective Pub Date : 2018-11-01 DOI: 10.1093/OSO/9780198795841.003.0015
M. Mithun
{"title":"Shaping typology through grammaticalization: North America","authors":"M. Mithun","doi":"10.1093/OSO/9780198795841.003.0015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/OSO/9780198795841.003.0015","url":null,"abstract":"North America shows great genealogical diversity, yet many of the languages share a fundamental typological characteristic: elaborate morphology. Certain kinds of elaboration show areal distributions, suggesting contact effects. Many bound morphemes show the kinds of meanings expected of grammatical affixes, such as the Wintu perfective suffix -suk. But others show surprisingly concrete meanings, like the Kutenai suffix ‑quwaʔt ‘fur’. A well-known effect of grammaticalization is the loss of concrete lexical content, with abstraction and generalization over time. But other factors can come into play as well. One is the sequencing of grammaticalization processes, whether semantic/pragmatic changes precede univerbation or follow. Another is the moment at which contact enters in. Here pathways of development exemplifying these variables are traced, with first grammaticalization via auxiliation in Northern California, and second grammaticalization via compounding in the Northwest and elsewhere. Both can be seen to have spread in contact-induced grammaticalization.","PeriodicalId":123592,"journal":{"name":"Grammaticalization from a Typological Perspective","volume":"119 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131039972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 12
Typology and grammaticalization in the Papuan languages of Timor, Alor, and Pantar 帝汶岛、阿罗岛和潘塔岛巴布亚语的类型学和语法化
Grammaticalization from a Typological Perspective Pub Date : 2018-11-01 DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780198795841.003.0012
M. Klamer
{"title":"Typology and grammaticalization in the Papuan languages of Timor, Alor, and Pantar","authors":"M. Klamer","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780198795841.003.0012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198795841.003.0012","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter investigates two grammaticalization patterns that are characteristic for the Timor-Alor-Pantar (TAP) family, a family of ~25 Papuan languages spoken in eastern Indonesia: first, the grammaticalization first of locational, deictic, and handling verbs into adpositions and verbal prefixes, and second, of nouns into numeral classifiers. It is observed that in verb grammaticalization, many cognate forms are involved, while the process is not influenced by contact with (an) Austronesian language(s). The grammaticalization of nouns into classifiers, on the other hand, does not involve any cognates, and is influenced by Austronesian contact. Grammaticalization is thus not determined only by universal tendencies, nor by typology alone; sociohistorical circumstances play a role too. If and how contact influences grammaticalization depends on the type and intensity of contact; and contact affects grammaticalization in the verbal and nominal domain in different ways.","PeriodicalId":123592,"journal":{"name":"Grammaticalization from a Typological Perspective","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129462225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 11
Grammaticalization in Oceanic languages 大洋语言的语法化
Grammaticalization from a Typological Perspective Pub Date : 2018-11-01 DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780198795841.003.0014
Claire Moyse-Faurie
{"title":"Grammaticalization in Oceanic languages","authors":"Claire Moyse-Faurie","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780198795841.003.0014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198795841.003.0014","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter investigates the main grammaticalization processes found in Oceanic languages. In connection with verbs of posture and localization (‘sit’, ‘be at a place’), of motion (‘go up/down’, ‘come’, ‘return’, ‘follow’) and with verbs such as ‘take’, ‘make’, ‘do’ as sources, different paths of development will be described that give rise to various grammatical morphemes, often preserving the original function and meaning of the verb. A few cases of grammaticalization involving nouns, as well as cases of relexification and unusual developments such as ‘degrammation’, will be discussed as well. The perspective of my analysis will be both a typological and a semantic one, underlining the importance of spatial representation, the contribution of serial verb constructions, and the role of metonymy and reanalysis in the grammaticalization processes found in Oceanic languages.","PeriodicalId":123592,"journal":{"name":"Grammaticalization from a Typological Perspective","volume":"94 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124747694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 9
Grammaticalization in the North Caucasian languages 北高加索语言的语法化
Grammaticalization from a Typological Perspective Pub Date : 2018-11-01 DOI: 10.1093/OSO/9780198795841.003.0007
P. Arkadiev, T. Maisak
{"title":"Grammaticalization in the North Caucasian languages","authors":"P. Arkadiev, T. Maisak","doi":"10.1093/OSO/9780198795841.003.0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/OSO/9780198795841.003.0007","url":null,"abstract":"The chapter presents an overview of selected grammaticalization phenomena in the two branches of the (North) Caucasian languages: the Circassian branch of the Northwest Caucasian family and the Lezgic branch of the Northeast Caucasian family. For the former, we focus on the grammaticalization of body-part nouns as locative applicative prefixes and of motion verbs as suffixes with abstract Aktionsart-like meanings, and on various constructions with auxiliary verbs, showing that rich polysynthetic morphosyntax of Circassian languages provides means to differentiate degrees of integration of such complexes. For the Lezgic languages, we concentrate on the grammaticalization and morphologization of matrix verbs which includes not only well-known cases like copulas and existential verbs becoming auxiliaries in various periphrastic tense-aspect forms—‘do’ becoming a causative auxiliary or ‘say’ becoming a quotative or reportative marker—but also a typologically rare development of the verb ‘see’ into a ‘verificative’ marker ?to find out whether the situation takes place’.","PeriodicalId":123592,"journal":{"name":"Grammaticalization from a Typological Perspective","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127346720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
Areal diffusion and the limits of grammaticalization 区域扩散与语法化的局限
Grammaticalization from a Typological Perspective Pub Date : 2018-11-01 DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780198795841.003.0016
A. Aikhenvald
{"title":"Areal diffusion and the limits of grammaticalization","authors":"A. Aikhenvald","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780198795841.003.0016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198795841.003.0016","url":null,"abstract":"Intensive contact brings about diffusion of grammatical categories. Grammaticalization of lexical items is one of the mechanisms at play as languages converge and new categories develop. In a situation of intensive contact-induced change, the forms to be grammaticalized, and semantic changes involved, may turn out to be somewhat unexpected, forcing us to reconsider potential constraints on grammaticalization. We focus on a number of instances of hitherto undescribed grammaticalization paths in the languages of the Vaupés River Basin linguistic area in northwest Amazonia (especially Tariana, the only extant Arawak language), and then discuss further examples of typologically unusual instances of grammaticalization in Amazonian languages.","PeriodicalId":123592,"journal":{"name":"Grammaticalization from a Typological Perspective","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124712145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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