{"title":"Portraits of the Prophet in the Book of Jeremiah","authors":"E. Holt","doi":"10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190693060.013.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190693060.013.5","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter presents three different theological portraits of Jeremiah: Jeremiah as the (embodied) word of God, the lamenting Jeremiah, and Jeremiah as a political advisor to king and people. The introductory section discusses the historical and hermeneutic background for a literary, non-historicist reading of the book of Jeremiah and presents the approach in the article as “la seconde naïveté.” The portrait of Jeremiah as the word of God governs the presentation of the prophet in the book. It is conveyed through the call narrative and the initial audition-vision in chapter 1, which emphasizes how Jeremiah is supposed to do God’s work among the nations while God promises to protect the prophet. The second part, Jeremiah the Lamenter, presents three different portraits of the lamenting prophet: the prophet correlated with God, lamenting the apostasy of the people; the prophet correlated with the people, lamenting the absence of God; and the prophet lamenting his own charge as a prophet. Finally, Jeremiah is presented as a political advisor to both king and people, a task that is deemed to fail, due to the king’s obduracy and the people’s stubborn ignorance. The conclusion asks for the background of such a diverse presentation of one prophet and his message.","PeriodicalId":123510,"journal":{"name":"The Oxford Handbook of Jeremiah","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127539269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Figure of Jeremiah in the Work of Stefan Zweig and Rainer Maria Rilke","authors":"R. Görner","doi":"10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190693060.013.41","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190693060.013.41","url":null,"abstract":"The prophet and the prophetic feature prominently in Rainer Maria Rilke’s Neue Gedichte (1907) and in Stefan Zweig’s one and only pacifist drama Jeremias (1917). This chapter examines the poetic and rhetorical significance of their renderings of the Jeremiah myth through in-depth textual and structural analysis. It shows the critical attitude towards the prophetic as expressed in Rilke’s poem “Jeremia” challenging the divine voice, which had turned the prophet into its mere mouthpiece. Furthermore, it discusses the interrelation between Rilke’s poem and Zweig’s drama in thematic terms, as well as the influence of Nietzsche’s Zarathustra on both.","PeriodicalId":123510,"journal":{"name":"The Oxford Handbook of Jeremiah","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115259210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Jeremiah’s Deathscapes","authors":"Mary Mills","doi":"10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190693060.013.38","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190693060.013.38","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter explores the rhetorical structures of the book of Jeremiah with regard to its message of violent destruction—a topic that the chapter defines under the heading of “deathscape.” This term is defined as having two sub-strands: embodiment and spatiality. Jeremiah contains much material relating to the experiences of the central prophetic figure, which provides a solid textual resource for examining how the human person is impacted by the task of proclaiming terror and loss. The Confessions especially display a persona traumatized by this task. At the same time, land is rendered desolate, alongside the human inhabitants. Spatiality provides a tool for reading urban destruction via the lens of a withered landscape. Reading Jeremiah as a single work employs the methodological lens of rhetorical criticism, examining the way in which violent imagery expresses the link between historical events and literary depictions of the impact of warfare. Seeking for the cause of great suffering, Jeremiah locates it in the action of divine justice, a manner of providing order for chaos that renders the deity monstrous since it is the divine sphere that contextualizes unbearable human pain. Evaluation of Jeremiah’s urban imaginary aligns not only with material events but also with responses from differing audiences and parallel subject areas, such as gender, disability, and colonialism. Ultimately, the chapter suggests, further reflection on the inanimate agency of urban environments in creating textual poetics of deathscape will be useful.","PeriodicalId":123510,"journal":{"name":"The Oxford Handbook of Jeremiah","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115150602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Jeremiah in Lamentations","authors":"Elizabeth Boase","doi":"10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190693060.013.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190693060.013.11","url":null,"abstract":"The prophetic figure of Jeremiah has long been associated with the book of Lamentations. The earliest known attribution of Lamentations to Jeremiah dates to the time of the Septuagint, an attribution that is repeated in other early translations and rabbinic commentary. Since the rise of critical scholarship, however, the authenticity of Jeremiah as author has been questioned, with few contemporary scholars continuing to argue that the prophet was the actual author of the Lamentations. Despite this, the prophet figure/persona continues to be identified within Lamentations, albeit in ways far removed from the direct attribution expressed in earlier periods. This chapter traces the rise and fall of Jeremiah as author of Lamentations, exploring possible reasons why the prophetic figure has been so important in the history of interpretation within Lamentations studies, with a particular focus on the way that Jeremianic authorship has contributed to the theological understanding of the book. The ever-changing understanding of the relationship of Jeremiah with Lamentations has been influenced by the interpretive lenses and needs of successive communities, a trend which will continue into the future as new methods and approaches emerge.","PeriodicalId":123510,"journal":{"name":"The Oxford Handbook of Jeremiah","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127219458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Jeremiah and Inner Biblical Exegesis","authors":"Dalit Rom-Shiloni","doi":"10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190693060.013.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190693060.013.21","url":null,"abstract":"Bringing inner biblical exegesis as a methodology to the study of Jeremiah has opened venues to discuss Jeremiah in two quite separate spheres: The book and its literary evolution, as well as the prophetic activity in its early oral-written stages. This chapter is aimed at presenting the great benefits and the many pitfalls that these cross-lines (of methodology and Jeremiah) provide for the study of the prophetic book, and not least, for the basic methodological presumptions of inner biblical exegesis as part of the study of intertextuality in prophetic literature. Focusing on interpretive (i.e., adaptation/actualization) techniques within the plethora of intertextual relationships, this chapter takes the utilization of pentateuchal traditions (rarely, texts) in Jeremiah as a case study, and calls to question some of the basic scholarly assumptions concerning Jeremiah: the differences of style (poetry and prose) and the options to differentiate the prophet from his followers/tradents/editors.","PeriodicalId":123510,"journal":{"name":"The Oxford Handbook of Jeremiah","volume":"281 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127552132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Contested Theologies in the Book of Jeremiah","authors":"Georg Fischer","doi":"10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190693060.013.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190693060.013.4","url":null,"abstract":"The book of Jeremiah testifies to disputes about theologies on various levels. Comparison of the Hebrew text and the version of the Septuagint shows large differences regarding the manner in which they speak of God. These differences suggest that the Greek translation tried to evade unusual, challenging, or provocative aspects attributed to God by mitigating or omitting them. The opposition between YHWH, with Jeremiah on his side, and the people together with their leaders shapes the main conflict within the book. The latter wish a “comfortable” relationship without liability, whereas God and his prophet require an exclusive liaison and determination. In some passages, Jeremiah has views which differ from those of YHWH. These texts illustrate that even a prophet has to “learn,” to open himself to God’s broader horizons and distinct plans. (d) Some features of the theological message of the book of Jeremiah are unique and set it apart from all other scrolls of the Bible. Jeremiah thus conveys a particular, independent view of YHWH, which sometimes stands in contrast to Deuteronomy, Isaiah, and other writings, although sharing the same belief in the one and only God. (e) The theological struggles within the book of Jeremiah find a continuation in the conflict of contemporary interpretations. Instead of explaining the various positions with diachronic considerations, it seems sounder to understand the rich variety of theologies therein as due to the different characters, altered situations and circumstances, and to the development of the individuals within the course of history.","PeriodicalId":123510,"journal":{"name":"The Oxford Handbook of Jeremiah","volume":"63 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134296695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Language Variation in the Book of Jeremiah and Its Cultural and Social Background","authors":"F. Polak","doi":"10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190693060.013.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190693060.013.19","url":null,"abstract":"Syntactic-stylistic analysis of the linguistic variation in the book of Jeremiah points to the cultural/sociohistorical context of the different text groups. The poignant, emotional style of Jeremianic poetry (Mowinckel’s A corpus) is marked by the often extremely high frequency of short clauses, and the low incidence of subordinate clauses and noun groups (similarly in most texts in Jeremiah 30–31; 46–51). These features characterize the “lean, brisk style” of spontaneous spoken discourse/oral literature. Noun groups and subordinate clauses are highly frequent in the narrative corpus (B) and parenetic prose (C), whereas short clauses are far less frequent, as characteristic of the “intricate, elaborate style” of written texts. Where these corpora reflect the scribal desk, corpus A is close to the oral arena. Detailed analysis shows, however, that all corpora are open-ended. These considerations suggest an initial oral-written symbiosis in the prophetic performance and the commission to writing of the prophetic utterances. In the scribal milieu of the Babylonian/Persian era, a new class of religious formulators took up the prophetic tradition and reformulated it in the complex style characteristic of the scribal desk.","PeriodicalId":123510,"journal":{"name":"The Oxford Handbook of Jeremiah","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116450305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Jeremiah in Art","authors":"Mary Chilton Callaway","doi":"10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190693060.013.40","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190693060.013.40","url":null,"abstract":"The story of Jeremiah in art reveals a dynamic process of traditional tropes that signaled the ancient prophet blended with contemporary features mirroring the viewer. This interplay made artistic representations of Jeremiah at once familiar, yet also at times unsettling in the way they contemporized the prophetic message. The chapter explores the developing image of Jeremiah through the centuries in five media: painted images on ancient frescoes, stone statues in medieval cathedrals and monasteries, illuminations in medieval manuscripts, woodcuts in early modern printed books, and various forms in modernity. Jewish, Christian, and Muslim images of the prophet together display a process in which historically contingent tropes gradually became timeless markers of the prophet. At the same time, these images show the power of Jeremiah to speak prophetically in new circumstances.","PeriodicalId":123510,"journal":{"name":"The Oxford Handbook of Jeremiah","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132813888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Prophet Jeremiah in Islamic Thought","authors":"R. Tottoli","doi":"10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190693060.013.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190693060.013.20","url":null,"abstract":"The Qur’ān (2:258) mentions a prophet-like figure who was variously interpreted by Islamic exegetical tradition and by Western studies. Some of these interpretations in Islamic literature identify him as Jeremiah and the events alluded to in the Qur’ān as taking place around the city of Jerusalem. Islamic post-Qur’ān literature has elaborated on this, including Jeremiah in the historical prophetical line and depicting him as a prophet who was unsuccessful and had to escape his town before its destruction, brought about by Nebuchadnezzar. Islamic literature added details and narratives to these stories and also in some cases connected Jeremiah to Arab genealogy and lore. Echoes of the biblical book of Jeremiah are also attested to, albeit not in relation to the description of his life and mission given in the Islamic exegetical sources.","PeriodicalId":123510,"journal":{"name":"The Oxford Handbook of Jeremiah","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123860673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Jeremiah and Prophetic Authority","authors":"M. D. de Jong","doi":"10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190693060.013.36","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190693060.013.36","url":null,"abstract":"The book of Jeremiah provides a fitting opportunity for dealing with the issue of prophetic authority. While many scholars are inclined to focus on the ways in which the book of Jeremiah construes prophetic authority, to lay bare the patterns that turn Jeremiah into the authoritative mouthpiece of YHWH, in stark opposition of those who speak falsehood, the author’s query in this chapter is different. The author’s key interest is in prophetic authority as a sociohistorical phenomenon. What did the interaction of prophets and their public look like in late monarchic Judah? And how was authority bestowed on a prophet?","PeriodicalId":123510,"journal":{"name":"The Oxford Handbook of Jeremiah","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129621506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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