Foot最新文献

{"title":"Extruded talus injuries are associated with significant complications: A double center series with minimum 1-year follow up","authors":"Sampat Dumbre Patil ,&nbsp;Siddhartha Sharma ,&nbsp;Mandeep S. Dhillon","doi":"10.1016/j.foot.2023.102056","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foot.2023.102056","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p><span>Extruded talus (ET) injuries are rare, but high-energy open pantalar dislocations. Literature on these injuries is sparse and optimal treatment protocols are ill defined. The current study documents the clinical and radiological outcomes in cases seen at 2 centers, in an attempt to determine whether surgeons should choose primary </span>reimplantation or primary talectomy and fusion for these injuries.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Patients with ET injuries were identified from the database of two hospitals. Baseline demographics and treatment details were evaluated, and patients were called for follow-up. Radiological evaluation was conducted, and function was evaluated by the AOFAS hindfoot score. Outcomes and complications were compared between patients who had undergone primary talectomy versus primary reimplantation. Predictors of poor functional outcomes were determined.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p><span>Of 23 patients seen by us, 15 were available for follow-up at 45.7 ± 22.2 months. Of these 19 had undergone reimplantation and 4 had talectomy with tibio-calcaneal arthrodesis. The mean percentage AOFAS score was 66.2 ± 14.6 at follow up. </span>AVN<span> was noted in 5, ankle arthrosis<span> in 10, subtalar arthrosis in 4 and infection in 4 cases; no patient needed salvage arthrodesis during this time. There was no difference in baseline demographics, range of motion, AOFAS scores or complication rates between patients undergoing primary reimplantation versus primary talectomy. The number of complications per patient showed a negative, moderate correlation with the AOFAS score (Pearson’s correlation coefficient 0.6, P value = 0.02).</span></span></p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Despite best treatment, ET injuries result in significant impairment of functional outcomes and complications. Within the numbers available, no difference in outcomes or complication rates was noted between primary reimplantation or talectomy. However, we recommend reimplantation as the treatment of first choice as this offers the chance to salvage the ankle joint and preserves bone stock for future fusion or arthroplasty.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12349,"journal":{"name":"Foot","volume":"57 ","pages":"Article 102056"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41164774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early versus late weight-bearing in operatively treated ankle fractures with syndesmotic injury: A systematic review","authors":"Julia Lazarow ,&nbsp;Signe Steenstrup Jensen ,&nbsp;Bjarke Viberg Prof.","doi":"10.1016/j.foot.2023.101967","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foot.2023.101967","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Over the past 30 years, several studies have compared early weight-bearing versus late weight-bearing following open reduction and internal fixation of ankle fractures; however, no review strictly including patients with ankle fractures and complete syndesmotic disruption has been performed.</p></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><p>The objective of this systematic review was to compare early versus late weight-bearing following surgery for ankle fracture with syndesmotic injury regarding clinical and patient-reported outcomes.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A comprehensive search strategy was applied to the Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL and PubMed databases from their inception to the 17th of January 2022. The articles were screened independently by two blinded reviewers. Data were extracted by one author, then cross-checked and approved by the other.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>No comparative studies were found; therefore, studies describing either early or late weight-bearing were included. It was thus not possible to perform a meta-analysis. 11 studies and 751 patients were included. An early partial weight-bearing protocol was used in three studies (253 patients) and late in eight studies (498 patients). Functional outcomes suggested that there were no clear differences between early partial weight-bearing and late weight-bearing. The reoperation rate was 9–31% in the early group and 0–11% in the late. Similar results were seen for loss of syndesmotic reduction, malreduction, infection, and fixation failure.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Pros and cons were reported for early partial weight-bearing and late weight-bearing, but the evidence was very limited as our results were based on noncomparative studies. In the future, high-quality comparative studies focusing on functional outcomes within 6 months postoperatively are needed.</p></div><div><h3>Level of clinical evidence</h3><p>1</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12349,"journal":{"name":"Foot","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 101967"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9678584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of first ray instability using the double dorsiflexion test: A prospective observational case-controlled study","authors":"Chandra Pasapula ,&nbsp;Georgios Solomou ,&nbsp;Ahmad Al-Sukaini ,&nbsp;Ignatius Liew ,&nbsp;James Goetz ,&nbsp;Steven Cutts","doi":"10.1016/j.foot.2023.102019","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foot.2023.102019","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>First-Ray (FR) stability allows for foot propulsion in-stance, taking 60% weight. First-ray instability (FRI) is associated with middle column overload, synovitis, deformity and osteoarthritis. Clinical detection can still be challenging. We propose to develop a clinical test that helps identify FRI using two simple manual manoeuvres.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>10 patients with unilateral FRI were recruited. Unaffected contralateral feet were used as controls. Stringent exclusion criteria were applied including hallux MTP pain, laxity, inflammatory arthropathy and collagen disorders. A Klauemeter directly measured the sagittal plane dorsal first metatarsal head translation of affected vs unaffected feet. Maximum passive proximal phalanx 1st MTP joint dorsiflexion was measured using a video capture and Tracker motion software analysis with and without applying a dorsal force at the 1st metatarsal head using a Newton meter. Proximal phalanx motion was compared in affected vs unaffected feet with and without dorsal metatarsal head force application and compared to direct measurements using the Klaumeter. P value of &lt; 0.05 was considered significant.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>FRI feet had dorsal translation greater than 8 mm (median, 11.94; interquartile range [IQR], 10.23–13.81) vs 1.77 for unaffected control feet was (median, 1.77; interquartile range [IQR], 1.23–2.96) using the Klauemeter. The percentage reduction in 1st MTP joint dorsiflexion ROM when applying the double dorsiflexion test FRI (mean reduction of 67.98%) when compared to control feet (mean reduction of 28.44%)(P &lt; 0.01). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis showed that a 50% reduction in dorsiflexion ROM of 1st MTPJ when performing the double dorsiflexion test achieved a specificity of 100% and sensitivity of 90% (AUC =0.990, 95%CI [0.958–1.000], P &gt; 0.0001).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The double dorsiflexion (DDF) is easy to perform with two relatively simple manual manoeuvres that avoids the need for complex instrumented and radiation-based assessment. Greater than 50% decrease in proximal phalanx motion has an over 90% sensitivity in identifying feet with FRI.</p></div><div><h3>Level of Evidence</h3><p>This was a prospective case-controlled study of consecutive cases of a level II evidence.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12349,"journal":{"name":"Foot","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 102019"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9543178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differential contribution of lateral plantar foot ligaments to lateral column stability – A cadaver based sectioning analysis","authors":"Isabel S. Austin ,&nbsp;Alan Norrish ,&nbsp;Richard Lloyd ,&nbsp;Cecilia Brassett ,&nbsp;Chandra Pasapula","doi":"10.1016/j.foot.2023.102003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foot.2023.102003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Lateral column (LC) instability occurs in adult acquired flatfoot deformity (AAFD). Differential ligament contribution to LC stability is unknown. The primary aim was to quantify this by using cadaver sectioning of lateral plantar ligaments. We also determined the relative contribution of each ligament to dorsal translation of the metatarsal head in the sagittal plane.</p><p>17 below-knee cadaveric specimens, preserved by vascular embalming method, were dissected to expose plantar fascia, long/short plantar ligaments (L/SPL), calcaneocuboid (CC) capsule and inferior 4th/5th tarsometatarsal (TMT) capsule. Dorsal forces of 0 N, 20 N and 40 N were applied to the plantar 5th metatarsal head after sequential ligament sectioning in different orders. Pins provided linear axes on each bone, allowing relative angular bone displacements to be calculated. Photography and ImageJ processing software were then used for analysis.</p><p>The LPL (and CC capsule) had the greatest contribution to metatarsal head motion (107 mm) after isolated sectioning. In the absence of other ligaments, sectioning these resulted in significantly increased hindfoot-forefoot angulation (p ≤ 0.0003). Isolated TMT capsule sectioning demonstrated significant angular displacement even when other ligaments remained intact (with intact L/SPL, p = 0.0005). CC joint instability required both LPL and capsular sectioning for significant angulation to occur, whilst TMT joint stability was largely dependent on its capsule.</p><p>The relative contribution of static restraints to the lateral arch has not yet been quantified. This study provides useful information on relative ligament contribution to both CC and TMT joint stability, which may in turn improve understanding of surgical interventions used to restore arch stability.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12349,"journal":{"name":"Foot","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 102003"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9543179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Are foot and ankle corticosteroid injections safe during the COVID-19 pandemic? A single center prospective observational study","authors":"Dimos Evangelidis ,&nbsp;Su Jeong ,&nbsp;George Lin ,&nbsp;Naomi Ehigie ,&nbsp;Paul Hamilton ,&nbsp;Andrea Sott ,&nbsp;Sohail Yousaf","doi":"10.1016/j.foot.2023.102001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foot.2023.102001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Intra-articular corticosteroid injections (ICSI) are commonly used in orthopedic practice. Due to concerns about their immunosuppressive effects, we conducted a prospective observational audit, to monitor for COVID-19 infection amongst a group of foot and ankle patients who received an ICSI during the pandemic.</p></div><div><h3>Patients and methods</h3><p>Included were 68 patients (25 males - 43 females, mean age 59.1 years, SD 15.0, range 19 – 90 years) who received a fluoroscopy-guided ICSI within a two-month period during the pandemic. The American Society of Anaesthesiologists (ASA) grade was I in 35 % of patients, II in 58 % and III in 7 %. 16 % of patients had black, Asian or minority ethnic (BAME) background. The dose of methylprednisolone injected was 20 mg for 28 % of the patients, 40 mg for 29 % and 80 mg for 43 %.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>All patients were available for follow up at one and four weeks post-injection. None reported COVID-19 infection symptoms within this period. The only complication was a flare-up of joint pain.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Our study showed that the risk of COVID-19 infection to patients receiving foot or ankle ICSI is low. The limitations of this work must be considered, but our findings support the judicious use of corticosteroid injections during the current crisis</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12349,"journal":{"name":"Foot","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 102001"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10014129/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9636894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Converting 1st metatarsophalangeal joint fusion to interposition arthroplasty. Mid-term results of a case series","authors":"Dimitrios Georgiannos ,&nbsp;Vasileios Lampridis ,&nbsp;Konstantinos Kazamias ,&nbsp;Dimitrios Kitridis ,&nbsp;Ilias Bisbinas ,&nbsp;Athanasios Badekas","doi":"10.1016/j.foot.2023.102029","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foot.2023.102029","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p><span>Fusion of the first metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint has been considered as the gold standard for treatment of advanced </span>hallux<span> rigidus. The main disadvantage is the restriction of movement which may not be as favorable as anticipated by several patients. The purpose of this study was to report clinical and functional outcomes on patients who were treated with interposition arthroplasty after a 1st MTP joint fusion which had not fulfilled their expectations.</span></p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p><span>Between 2009 and 2014, 11 patients who were not satisfied by 1st MTP joint fusion for hallux rigidus, underwent a conversion to interposition arthroplasty. After removal of hardware, the fusion was taken down by removal of a bone block from the fused joint. A </span>fascia lata<span> graft was interposed. Intraoperative and postoperative complications, range of motion of the first MTP joint, length of first ray, and patients’ satisfaction were recorded as the primary outcomes.</span></p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Mean age was 34 years (range, 24–42 y). The mean ± SD AOFAS/H/MTP/IP score was 61 ± 5.5 preoperatively, 90.5 ± 4.5 at one year and 92 ± 4 at five years postoperatively (p &lt; 0.001). The mean ± SD VAS-FA score was 91 ± 3.5 preoperatively, 94.5 ± 2.5 at one year and 95 ± 2.5 at five years postoperatively (p &gt; 0.05). Mean ROM at the final follow-up was 58° ± 5° of dorsiflexion and 27° ± 4° of plantarflexion. No inter- or postoperative complications were encountered. The length of the hallux was decreased by a mean of 1.5 mm (range, 1–2.5 mm). All patients were satisfied with the overall outcome, walking ability and shoe-wear convenience and graded their condition as excellent (9 cases) or good (2 cases).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Converting a 1st MTP joint fusion to interposition arthroplasty with a fascia lata allograft could be a safe alternative with promising results in selected cases especially in relatively young and athletic population.</p></div><div><h3>Level of evidence</h3><p>Level IV retrospective case series.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12349,"journal":{"name":"Foot","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 102029"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9224710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reliability of F-Scan® in-shoe plantar pressure measurements in people with diabetes at risk of developing foot ulcers","authors":"Sigrid Simonsson ,&nbsp;Roy Tranberg ,&nbsp;Roland Zügner ,&nbsp;Ulla Hellstrand Tang","doi":"10.1016/j.foot.2023.102027","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foot.2023.102027","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The provision of therapeutic footwear, to prevent the development of diabetic foot ulcers by re-distributing high peak plantar pressure is frequently prescribed for patients with diabetes. Areas of interest (ROI) are identified by placing boxes on the visualised pressure movie. The aims were to evaluate the inter-reliability of the placements of seven ROI boxes and to explore how the box placement affected peak pressure in the seven ROIs.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Plantar pressure movies from 20 of a total of 40 movies were selected for the analysis. Boxes were placed at ROIs, the heel, the lateral midfoot, the metatarsal phalangeal heads (5, 3–4, 2 and 1) and the hallux. The box placements were registered for the left vertical position (L) and the top horizontal position (T) for each of the ROIs, based on registrations by two certified prosthetists and orthotists.</p></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><p>The inter correlation coefficient of the placement of the boxes ranged from 1.00 to 0.12 (heel_L and metatarsal phalangeal head 2_L respectively). Of the 14 positions of the boxes; four were excellent, four were good, two were moderate and four were poor. No significant differences in the mean peak pressure corresponding to the box placements were found between the CPOs.</p></div><div><h3>Interpretation</h3><p>The inter-reliability of eight of the 14 registered placements, made by prosthetists and orthotists, of the boxes in Scan® was good to excellent. A variation of 1.00–0.12 was present. Despite the variation, no significant differences in the corresponding mean peak pressure between prosthetists and orthotists was found.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12349,"journal":{"name":"Foot","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 102027"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9227775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of interventions targeting plantar cutaneous receptors in improving postural control in chronic ankle instability: A systematic review with meta-analysis","authors":"Anand Kumar Singh ,&nbsp;Maninder Shah Singh ,&nbsp;Meena Makhija","doi":"10.1016/j.foot.2023.102034","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foot.2023.102034","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Chronic ankle instability (CAI) is a disorder that occurs after one or more acute ankle sprains<span> and is characterised by persistent symptoms which include episodes of ‘‘giving way’’ a sensation of instability, recurrent ankle sprains, and functional deficits. Despite of effective treatment<span> strategies a comprehensive approach is needed that can break this continuum of disability and improve the postural control. A systematic review with meta-analysis assessing the effectiveness of interventions targeting plantar cutaneous receptors for improving postural control in individuals with chronic ankle instability.</span></span></p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p><span>The systematic review with meta-analysis was performed following PRISMA guidelines. Outcome measure used to evaluate the improvement in which static postural control was assessed on SLBT (Single limb balance test) and COP (Centre of pressure) whereas dynamic postural control was assessed on SEBT (star excursion balance test) and scores expressed as mean ± SD and random-effects model were performed, and heterogeneity between the studies was calculated using the I</span>² statistic.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 168 CAI populations were included among the 8 selected studies in the meta-analysis. In which,5 studies using Plantar massage and 3 studies using foot insole were assessed, with moderate to high quality on the Pedro scale (range 4–7). For single and six-sessions of plantar massage showed insignificant effect on SLBT COP and for the single session of custom moulded FO showed insignificant effect on SEBT.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The meta-analysis showed non-significant pooled results for plantar massage and foot orthotics on static and dynamic postural control when assessed on postural outcome measures. Further high-quality evidence-based trials would be required to highlight the importance of sensory targeted approaches to treat the postural instability in CAI patients.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12349,"journal":{"name":"Foot","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 102034"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9526747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A prospective study on the role of foot evertor muscle activity in recurrence of clubfoot","authors":"Rama Priya Yasam ,&nbsp;Vivek Singh ,&nbsp;Naga Srikanth Darla ,&nbsp;Jayanti Pant ,&nbsp;Poonam Sherwani ,&nbsp;Varun Garg","doi":"10.1016/j.foot.2023.102025","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foot.2023.102025","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Even after corrective casting and bracing, clubfoot recurrence is challenging throughout childhood, with around 14–40 % recurrence rates. Most of the literature on recurrence was attributed to various factors, and minimal research was conducted to know the role of foot evertor muscle activity and its stimulation benefits. This study aimed to assess the role of foot evertor muscle activity in idiopathic congenital clubfoot recurrence by using clinical, sonographic, and electromyographic parameters.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p><span>A prospective cohort study<span> was conducted at our tertiary care hospital from 2020 to 2022. The patient’s demographic data, Pirani, Dimeglio, Clinical Evertor Muscle Activity scores, sonographic cross-sectional areas of leg muscle, and evertor motor activity using </span></span>surface electromyography were recorded in adherence to the pre-defined intervals.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>In total, 51 patients (51 feet) were included in the study, and the overall recurrence rate was 27.5 % (14/51). In this study, around 47 % (24/51) of children had mild or poor clinical evertor activity; among them, 58 % (14/24) children had a recurrence, and the insufficient clinical evertor activity and recurrence were strongly correlated (p = 0.01). Evertor muscle cross-sectional area ratio, motor unit potentials, and recruitment were comparatively less in the recurred group; however, only the cross-sectional area ratio was statistically significant (p = 0.02).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p><span>Early detection of evertor muscle weakness can help to individualize the treatment plans by predicting recurrence. Therefore, it should be included in routine </span>clinical evaluations. Further research is required to determine the advantages of evertor muscle-strengthening activities in preventing idiopathic clubfoot deformity.</p></div><div><h3>Level of Clinical Evidence</h3><p>A prospective cohort study, Level of evidence-II</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12349,"journal":{"name":"Foot","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 102025"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9602807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Commercially available pressure sensors for sport and health applications: A comparative review","authors":"Louise Burnie ,&nbsp;Nachiappan Chockalingam ,&nbsp;Alex Holder ,&nbsp;Tim Claypole ,&nbsp;Liam Kilduff ,&nbsp;Neil Bezodis","doi":"10.1016/j.foot.2023.102046","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foot.2023.102046","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Pressure measurement systems have numerous applications in healthcare and sport. The purpose of this review is to: (a) describe the brief history of the development of pressure sensors for clinical and sport applications, (b) discuss the design requirements for pressure measurement systems for different applications, (c) critique the suitability, reliability, and validity of commercial pressure measurement systems, and (d) suggest future directions for the development of pressure measurements systems in this area. Commercial pressure measurement systems generally use capacitive or resistive sensors, and typically capacitive sensors have been reported to be more valid and reliable than resistive sensors for prolonged use. It is important to acknowledge, however, that the selection of sensors is contingent upon the specific application requirements. Recent improvements in sensor and wireless technology and computational power have resulted in systems that have higher sensor density and sampling frequency with improved usability – thinner, lighter platforms, some of which are wireless, and reduced the obtrusiveness of in-shoe systems due to wireless data transmission and smaller data-logger and control units. Future developments of pressure sensors should focus on the design of systems that can measure or accurately predict shear stresses in conjunction with pressure, as it is thought the combination of both contributes to the development of pressure ulcers and diabetic plantar ulcers. The focus for the development of in-shoe pressure measurement systems is to minimise any potential interference to the patient or athlete, and to reduce power consumption of the wireless systems to improve the battery life, so these systems can be used to monitor daily activity. A potential solution to reduce the obtrusiveness of in-shoe systems include thin flexible pressure sensors which can be incorporated into socks. Although some experimental systems are available further work is needed to improve their validity and reliability.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12349,"journal":{"name":"Foot","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 102046"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10027110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}