Foot最新文献

{"title":"Effect of painful Ledderhose disease on dynamic plantar foot pressure distribution during walking: a case-control study","authors":"Anneke de Haan ,&nbsp;Juha M. Hijmans ,&nbsp;Anna E. van der Vegt ,&nbsp;Hans Paul van der Laan ,&nbsp;Johanna G.H. van Nes ,&nbsp;Paul M.N. Werker ,&nbsp;Johannes A. Langendijk ,&nbsp;Roel J.H.M. Steenbakkers","doi":"10.1016/j.foot.2023.101990","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foot.2023.101990","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Plantar pressure distribution during walking in patients with painful Ledderhose disease is unknown.</p></div><div><h3>Research question</h3><p>Do patients with painful Ledderhose disease have an altered plantar pressure distribution during walking compared to individuals without foot pathologies? It was hypothesized that plantar pressure is shifted away from the painful nodules.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Pedobarography data of 41 patients with painful Ledderhose disease (cases, mean age: 54.2 ± 10.4 years) was collected and compared to pedobarography data from 41 individuals without foot pathologies (controls, mean age: 21.7 ± 2.0 years). Peak Pressure (PP), Maximum Mean Pressure (MMP) and Force-Time Integral (FTI) were calculated for eight regions (heel, medial midfoot, lateral midfoot, medial forefoot, central forefoot, lateral forefoot, hallux and other toes) under the soles of the feet. Differences between cases and controls were calculated and analysed by means of linear (mixed models) regression.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Proportional differences in PP, MMP and FTI showed increased values for the cases compared to the controls, especially in the heel, hallux and other toes regions, and decreased values in the medial- and lateral midfoot regions. In naïve regression analysis, being a patient was a predictor for increased- and decreased values for PP, MMP and FTI for several regions. When dependencies in the data were taken into account with linear mixed-model regression analysis, the increased- and decreased values for the patients were most prevalent for FTI at the heel, medial midfoot, hallux and other toes regions.</p></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><p>In patients with painful Ledderhose disease, during walking, a shift of pressure was found towards the proximal and distal foot regions, while offloading the midfoot regions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12349,"journal":{"name":"Foot","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 101990"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9089024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cross-cultural adaptation, reliability and validity of the Cantonese-Chinese Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool (CAIT-HK)","authors":"Jasmine Yat-Ning Hui ,&nbsp;Anson Hei-Ka Tong ,&nbsp;Vivian Wai-Ting Chui ,&nbsp;Daniel T.P. Fong ,&nbsp;Wai-Wang Chau ,&nbsp;Patrick Shu-Hang Yung ,&nbsp;Samuel Ka-Kin Ling","doi":"10.1016/j.foot.2023.102015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foot.2023.102015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Acute lateral ankle sprains are common amongst athletes, and screening is essential in preventing these long-term sequelae. Self-reported questionnaires, such as the Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool (CAIT), may help identify individuals with chronic ankle instability. To date, a Cantonese-Chinese version of the CAIT does not exist.</p><p>A cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the CAIT were carried out: 46 individuals who were native in Cantonese completed the Cantonese-Chinese version of the CAIT and Chinese Foot and Ankle Outcome Score.</p><p>For the test-retest analysis, the intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.874. Internal consistency showed a Cronbach’s ɑ value of 0.726. Construct validity against the FAOS was fair but statistically significant with a Spearman’s correlation coefficient of 0.353, 0.460, 0.303, 0.369 and 0.493 for the categories of symptoms, pain, daily function, sports function, and quality of life, respectively.</p><p>A cutoff score of 20.5 was determined to differentiate healthy individuals from those with chronic ankle instability for this study population. The original English CAIT was successfully translated, cross-culturally adapted and validated into Cantonese-Chinese.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12349,"journal":{"name":"Foot","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 102015"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9165928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the need for a standardised paediatric assessment tool for podiatrists in South Africa","authors":"Gillian Jenkins ,&nbsp;Meesha Purbhoo- Makan ,&nbsp;Bernhard Zipfel","doi":"10.1016/j.foot.2023.102018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foot.2023.102018","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>There is no literature to support the existence of an effective standardised assessment tool in South Africa that aids the podiatrist in the early diagnosis of developmental delay in the paediatric patient from age one to five. Podiatrists in South Africa (SA) need a suitable assessment tool to evaluate child development. A potential proforma that could be used by South African podiatrists is the Gait and Lower Limb Observation Proforma (GALLOP) Assessment Tool.</p></div><div><h3>Aim</h3><p>The aim of this research was to evaluate the “ease of use” and “usefulness” of the GALLOP Assessment Tool for podiatrists to effectively assess the paediatric patient from age one to age five.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The study was of a mixed methods descriptive design type, targeting all Health Professions Council of South Africa (HPCSA) registered podiatrists in the Johannesburg Metropolitan Municipal area. After allowing the participants to use the GALLOP Assessment Tool for a period of time, a survey was conducted to establish the “ease of use” and “usefulness” of the GALLOP Assessment Tool.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>All participants agreed that the GALLOP Assessment Tool would be beneficial to South African podiatrists and that the assessment tool does not need to be improved upon.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12349,"journal":{"name":"Foot","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 102018"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9573178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamic syndesmotic stabilisation and reinforcement of the antero-inferior tibiofibular ligament with internal brace","authors":"Christopher G. Lenz ,&nbsp;Lukas Urbanschitz ,&nbsp;David W. Shepherd","doi":"10.1016/j.foot.2023.102026","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foot.2023.102026","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p><span>Syndesmotic injuries are associated with long recovery times and high morbidity. Systematic reviews<span> show a trend toward better outcomes of suture buttons compared to screw fixation. The anteroinferior tibiofibular ligament (AITFL) confers the most significant component of translational and rotatory stability</span></span><strong>.</strong> Techniques have developed which reinforce the AITFL. This study aimed to assess results of syndesmotic stabilisation with dynamic stabilisation and reinforcement of the AITFL, with an early mobilisation program.</p></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><p>Retrospective case series of 30 patients (mean age 31 years). Syndesmotic instability was confirmed with clinical examination, MRI and weightbearing-CT. Dynamic syndesmotic stabilisation with a single suture button was performed followed by the placement of an Internal Brace over the AITFL. A standardised postoperative rehabilitation protocol was established. Foot and Ankle Ability Measure (FAAM) scores were collected postoperatively.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The average follow-up was 13 months. The total FAAM score for ADL was 95 ± 4.9 % (range, 83 – 100 %) and for sport activities 87 ± 13.6 % (range, 50 – 100 %). The rating of mean postoperative function for ADL was 94 ± 5.5 % (range, 80 – 100 %) and 90 ± 13 % (range, 35 – 100 %) for sportv. The difference between acute and chronic injuries was statistically higher (p &lt; 0.05) for daily activities and sport, but the rating of current level of sport activites as well as for daily activites did not show a significant difference (p = 0.9296 and p = 0.1615, respectively). Twenty-seven patients (90 %) rated their overall current level of function as normal or nearly normal.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This technique aims to directly stabilise the AITFL and the interosseous components of the syndesmosis, and allow early mobilisation and return to sport at 10 weeks. Early results show the procedure is safe, with comparable results to the literature. Acute injuries showed better results of the FAAM score than chronic injuries.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12349,"journal":{"name":"Foot","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 102026"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9593943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Added mass increases Achilles tendon stress in female runners","authors":"Katelyn R. De Starkey,&nbsp;Ashley M. Groth,&nbsp;Ryan R. Thyssen,&nbsp;Thomas W. Kernozek","doi":"10.1016/j.foot.2023.102028","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foot.2023.102028","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Context</h3><p>Achilles tendon (AT) injuries are common in female runners and military personnel where increased AT loading may be a contributing factor. Few studies have examined AT stress during running with added mass. The purpose was to examine the stress, strain, and force placed on the AT, kinematics and temporospatial variable in running with different amounts of added mass.</p></div><div><h3>Design</h3><p>Repeated measure design</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Twenty-three female runners with a rear-foot strike pattern were participants. AT stress, strain, and force were measured during running using a musculoskeletal model that used kinematic (180 Hz) and kinetic data (1800 Hz) as input. Ultrasound data were used to measure AT cross sectional area. A repeated measures multivariate analysis of variance (α = 0.05) was used on AT loading variables, kinematics and temporospatial variables.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Peak AT stress, strain, and force were greatest during the 9.0 kg added load running condition (p &lt; .0001). There was a 4.3% and 8.8% increase in AT stress and strain during the 4.5 kg and 9.0 kg added load conditions, respectively, compared to baseline. Kinematics at the hip and knee changed with added load but not at the ankle. Small changes in temporospatial variables were seen.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Added load increased stress on the AT during running. There may be an increased risk for AT injury with added load. Individuals may consider slowly progressing training with added load to allow for increased AT loading.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12349,"journal":{"name":"Foot","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 102028"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9297073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of foot orthoses on dynamic balance in taekwondo athletes with flexible flatfoot: A randomized controlled trial","authors":"Ali Yalfani ,&nbsp;Mohamadreza Ahmadi ,&nbsp;Azadeh Asgarpoor ,&nbsp;Aylar Haji Ahmadi","doi":"10.1016/j.foot.2023.102042","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foot.2023.102042","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p><span>Flexible flatfoot (FFF) cause biomechanical and sensorimotor disorders of the foot and ankle complex and reduce of postural stability. Postural stability is an important movement skill that affects the performance of taekwondo (TKD) athletes and can lead to fall injuries. The purpose of this study is the effect 12-week application of </span>foot orthosis (FOs) on dynamic balance in TKD athletes with FFF.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>In this trial, 30 girls of the TKD athletes with FFF were recruited. They were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups (15 subjects in each group). The experimental group used FOs with medial longitudinal arch support for 12 weeks, and the control group did not have any intervention. The outcome measures include navicular drop and balance in three directions: anterior-posterior, medial-lateral and overall stability. Covariance analysis was used to compare the results between two groups.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The covariance results showed that the experimental group compared to the control group with a high effect size had a significant difference in reducing of navicular drop (P = 0.000, ηp2 =0.512), anterior-posterior sway (P = 0.000, (ηp2 =0.397) medial-lateral sway (P = 0.019, ηp2 = 0.186) and overall stability sway (P = 0.008, ηp2 = 0.232).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The FOs with medial longitudinal arch support leads to FFF correction and provides mechanical stability of the foot and ankle complex. Also, the impulses sent from plantar receptors are increased and a better understanding of postural sway is transmitted to the central nervous system and balance strategies are improved.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12349,"journal":{"name":"Foot","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 102042"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9671803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effectiveness of “Dijital Steps” web based telerehabilitation system for patient with hindfoot pain: A randomised controlled trial","authors":"Elif Tuğçe Çil ,&nbsp;Tacha Serif ,&nbsp;Uğur Şaylı ,&nbsp;Feryal Subaşı","doi":"10.1016/j.foot.2023.102040","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foot.2023.102040","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>The aim of the study was to evaluate and compare effective therapeutic options for hindfoot pain, develop and investigate the effectiveness of tele-rehabilitation systems, and ensure patients perform their exercises and preventive measures regularly and accurately, while monitoring results.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p><span>Hindfoot pain (HP) patients (N = 77 with 120 feet) were admitted to this study and divided into two pathologies; Plantar Fasciitis and </span>Achilles Tendinopathy. Patients in each pathology were randomized into three different rehabilitation programs-web-based telerehabilitation (PF-T &amp; AT-T), -hands-on healing techniques combined with exercise (PF-C &amp; AT-C)-unsupervised home exercise (PF-H &amp; AT-H) program. Disability, activity restrictions, first-step pain, dorsiflexion-plantar flexion range of motion and kinesiophobia scores were recorded. The outcomes of the study groups were collected pre-post intervention (8thweek). Telerehabilitation system was developed via user-driven innovation and tested before using formally.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Each group had significant improvements in pain, disability, functional status and kinesiophobia (p &lt; 0.001). In terms of functional status, PF-C had a statistically significant difference from others (p &lt; 0.001). There was no difference between the groups for the pain scores in both pathologies. (p &gt; 0.001). However, web-based telerehabilitation (PF-T &amp; AT-T) were found to be more effective on kinesiophobia compared to the other groups (p &lt; 0.001).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The presented web-based telerehabilitation system for management of hindfoot pain is an effective way and might be preferred instead of unsupervised home exercise specially for kinesiophobia. Additionally, Foot and ankle stretching and strengthening exercises protocols, myofascial releasing and mulligan concept manual therapy are effective modalities in terms of ROM, VISA-A, FAAM, FFI, TSK and VAS scores for hindfoot pain. The results indicated that three promised different rehabilitation protocols could be an effective strategy for HP.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12349,"journal":{"name":"Foot","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 102040"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9846191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Staged reconstruction of the hallux for infected non-union using bulk autograft and a customized implant: Case report","authors":"Alexandre Leme Godoy-Santos ,&nbsp;Eduardo Araujo Pires ,&nbsp;Fabio Correa Fonseca ,&nbsp;Cesar de Cesar-Netto ,&nbsp;Elijah Christian Auch ,&nbsp;Stefan Rammelt","doi":"10.1016/j.foot.2023.102031","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foot.2023.102031","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>This case report illustrates the outcome of a deep infection following internal fixation of a fracture of the big </span>toe. </span>Hallux<span> amputation could be avoided through staged salvage procedure. This paper can assist readers on how to effectively and safely recognize and treat this type of injury.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":12349,"journal":{"name":"Foot","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 102031"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9425747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The distal metatarsal articular angle in hallux valgus deformities. Comparisons of radiographic and weightbearing CT scan measurements with variations in hindfoot position","authors":"Jill S. Kawalec,&nbsp;Porscha Dort,&nbsp;Trenton Leo ,&nbsp;Lawrence S. Osher,&nbsp;Rocco A. Petrozzi","doi":"10.1016/j.foot.2023.102030","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foot.2023.102030","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p><span>When evaluating hallux valgus (HV) deformity with anteroposterior (AP) foot radiographs, the distal metatarsal articular angle (DMAA) has been the subject of frequent debate. Although a straightforward indicator of structural alignment of the distal first metatarsal </span>articular surface, inter- and intraobserver measurements can vary widely. Alterations in the radiographic appearance of bony “structure” with positional changes of the foot/foot bones in HV deformities in no small part contributes to these inaccuracies. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of hindfoot position on the DMAA.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Four different radiologic images were obtained for 15 subjects with HV: three AP foot radiographs (standard weightbearing, foot supinated, foot pronated) and one weightbearing CT (WBCT) scan. For each image, five investigators measured the DMAA in order to assess reliability.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p><span>Mean DMAA values measured from the images indicated that the angle was highest with the pronated foot (15.3 (95% CI, 10.3–20.3) degrees) and lowest when measured from the CT image (11.6 (95% CI, 7.3–16.0) degrees). For all image types, the intraclass correlation coefficient was greater than 0.9 and statistically significant (</span><em>P</em> &lt; 0.0005).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Hindfoot positions affected radiographic DMAA/mean DMAA values, with values highest with feet in pronated attitudes. Unlike radiographic projections, the WBCT appears less likely to overestimate DMAA and is not subject to variations in foot positioning. In the preoperative evaluation of HV deformities, this points to the potential use of WBCT as a reference standard. For markedly severe HV deformities that may present with AP radiographs with marked first metatarsal head “roundness,” the use of WBCT is the intuitive choice.</p><p>The results indicate excellent reliability in measurements of DMAA between all five investigators. As such, the measurement method used to determine DMAA in this study was dependable and reproducible.</p></div><div><h3>Level of evidence</h3><p>Level II</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12349,"journal":{"name":"Foot","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 102030"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9365672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Local microvascular tissue oxygenation of the intrinsic foot muscles in patients with diabetes: A cross-sectional case-comparison study","authors":"Stephanie Stephens ,&nbsp;Abbis Jaffri ,&nbsp;Susan Saliba","doi":"10.1016/j.foot.2023.102035","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foot.2023.102035","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p><span>Foot-related complications including impaired peripheral circulation and lower limb </span>ulceration<span> are severe consequences for those with diabetes mellitus. This study aimed to assess differences in tissue oxygenation and oxygen utilization of the plantar surface intrinsic foot muscles between diabetic participants and healthy comparisons following short foot exercise and a standard walking protocol.</span></p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Eighteen participants, 9 with diabetes and 9 healthy age- and sex-matched comparisons, completed two interventions in a randomized order. For the short foot exercise intervention, participants completed 5 sets of 15 intrinsic foot muscle contractions. For the walking intervention, participants completed a modified six-minute walk test. Tissue oxygenation variables including oxygenated hemoglobin, deoxygenated hemoglobin, and tissue saturation index were measured using near-infrared spectroscopy in quiet stance and during intrinsic foot muscle contraction cycles following each intervention. Means, standard deviations, 95 % confidence intervals, mean differences, and Cohen’s d effect sizes were calculated for each tissue oxygenation variable.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The results of this study indicated no significant group differences in quiet standing tissue oxygenation measures at baseline and following each intervention. Participants in the diabetic group had significantly less change in tissue saturation index during intrinsic foot muscle contractions compared to healthy participants after the short foot exercise intervention (ES= 4.00, <em>P</em> = .0002) and walking intervention (ES= 1.33, <em>P</em> = .015).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>By utilizing wireless NIRS and novel research methodology, this study was able to explore changes in plantar surface tissue oxygenation of the intrinsic foot muscles following a targeted short foot exercise intervention as well as a standard walking protocol in patients diagnosed with diabetes compared to age- and sex- matched individuals without diabetes. We identified that diabetic participants presented with less oxygen utilization during intrinsic foot muscle contractions performed following both exercise interventions compared to their healthy age- and sex- matched comparisons.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12349,"journal":{"name":"Foot","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 102035"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9446546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}