Forestry Bulletin最新文献

{"title":"Current state, trends and prospects for pulp and paper industry development in Russian Federation","authors":"N.B. Pinyagina, N.S. Gorshenina","doi":"10.18698/2542-1468-2022-6-148-160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18698/2542-1468-2022-6-148-160","url":null,"abstract":"The issues of the current state, trends and prospects for the development of the pulp and paper industry as one of the priority and promising areas of the Russian timber complex are considered. The study was conducted in the following main areas: the production sector, analysis of sales markets, taking into account the influence of the internal and external environment, export and import, since enterprises are export-oriented. The presented analysis was performed not only for the main types of pulp and paper production, but also in terms of its territorial location, which allows us to evaluate the performance of the federal districts, outline the prospects and development strategy.","PeriodicalId":12343,"journal":{"name":"Forestry Bulletin","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76039240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Woody and shrub plant phytoremediation of soils contaminated with heavy metal ions","authors":"O. Frunze","doi":"10.18698/2542-1468-2022-6-92-98","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18698/2542-1468-2022-6-92-98","url":null,"abstract":"The use of woody and shrubby plants with a developed root system and a large biomass in the technology of phytoremediation of soils contaminated with heavy metals is analyzed. Woody plants can be used in the process of phyto-recovery of urban systems as long-term absorbers of heavy metal ions from the soil. The main mechanisms of phytoremediation of contaminated urban areas with the help of trees and shrubs are considered. The sorption capacity of cobalt, manganese and chromium ions by some species of woody and shrubby plants has been studied. The accumulation of heavy metals by seedlings under conditions of soil contamination with cobalt, manganese and chromium ions was studied. The transfer factor of cobalt, manganese and chromium ions was determined for the studied plant species. Species-hyperaccumulators of heavy metals, Gleditsia triacanthos L., Caragána arboréscens L., have been identified, which can be used for phytorestoration of soils of the technogenic region contaminated with cobalt, manganese and chromium ions. Low concentrations of cobalt, manganese and chromium were noted in the seedlings of Quercus robur L. and Robinia pseudoacacia L. in the aerial part, which indicates their ability to exclude heavy metal ions from their aerial parts. It has been established that seedlings of Gleditsia triacanthos L., Caragána arboréscens L., resistant to soil pollution, due to their excellent adaptability, even on degraded and contaminated with heavy metals soil of the experimental plot, have a high level of biomass accumulation without reliable facts of inhibition of growth processes. During the controlled process of phytoremediation carried out in the field, their high sorption capacity was noted, which makes it possible to recommend these species for use in technologies for the restoration of soils contaminated with heavy metal ions.","PeriodicalId":12343,"journal":{"name":"Forestry Bulletin","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87065304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use prospects for microorganisms consortiums and higher plants in oil-contaminated lands restoration","authors":"I. Bukharina, A. A. Isupova, V. I. Lyamzin, M. Lebedeva","doi":"10.18698/2542-1468-2022-6-14-23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18698/2542-1468-2022-6-14-23","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the research results on the use of microscopic endotrophic fungi cultures in oil-contaminated soils bioremediation. The resistance limits of microscopic fungi Fusarium equiseti (Corda) Sacc and Cylindrocarpon magnusianum Wollenw isolates (cultures), isolated from urban soils with a high level of pollution, were studied to various oil concentrations. Wide limits of microscopic fungi tolerance to oil content were revealed. Also, the cleaning efficiency and restoring the biological activity of oil-contaminated soils was studied using a ameliorants consortium: the biological product «Mikrozim Petro Treat», containing a number of oil degrading bacteria, the plant ameliorant Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) and microscopic fungi. A laboratory experiment was carried out to simulate 5 and 10 % soil pollution (sandy loam and loamy soddy podzolic soils) with oil. The greatest efficiency was established when using the full ameliorants composition with microscopic fungi cultures Cylindrocarpon magnusianum Wollenw (the biological product + plant ameliorant + microscopic fungi): at the end of the experiment, in variants with 5 % oil content on both soil textures and 10 % oil pollution (loamy soil), the oil content was significantly lower than in the control (using only a biological product). On loamy soil at 5 and 10 % oil content, the invertase activity indicator of soils at the end of the experiment exceeded the control in the variant with the use of a combination of ameliorants plant ameliorant + fungi, and maximum — in the variant of the complete ameliorant consortium. These results were obtained using both cultures of microscopic fungi. On sandy loamy soils, a significant increase in the biological activity of soils compared to the control was established only at 5 % oil content and only in the variant using a complete consortium of ameliorants with the fungi Cylindrocarpon magnusianum Wollenw. The results obtained allow us to state the effeciency of the joint application of the biological product, higher plants and microscopic fungi in bioremediation of oil-contaminated soils.","PeriodicalId":12343,"journal":{"name":"Forestry Bulletin","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86762861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ecological features of floristic composition formation in zone influenced by Southern Urals opencasts","authors":"L.R. Shugaipova, A. Kulagin, A. V. Shulepov","doi":"10.18698/2542-1468-2022-6-99-105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18698/2542-1468-2022-6-99-105","url":null,"abstract":"The data research carried out on the territory of the mining complexes in the Southern Urals, in particular in the Chelyabinsk region, the Republic of Bashkortostan and the Orenburg region, is presented. The influence of the mining complex opencasts on the process of vegetation colonization of the territory adjacent to them are considered. The total number of plant species has been determined, and the process of renaturalization of the technogenic landscape near the opencasts of mining complexes has been characterized. An ecological inventory of vegetation in the zone influenced by opencasts was carried out.","PeriodicalId":12343,"journal":{"name":"Forestry Bulletin","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89382966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nickel levels in Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) organs under pollution conditions in Lipetsk city","authors":"G. Zaitsev, O. Dubrovina, T. A. Masina","doi":"10.18698/2542-1468-2022-6-41-47","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18698/2542-1468-2022-6-41-47","url":null,"abstract":"In the city of Lipetsk, the peculiarities of nickel accumulation in the above-ground organs of Scots pine have been determined. The research was conducted in pine stands ranging in age from 40 to 50 years. Sampling and research were carried out in the vegetation dynamics for two years (2019 and 2020). The nickel content in the needles and shoots of the first, second and third years of growth was determined by atomic absorption method. The nickel levels in pine needles and shoots were higher under contaminated conditions than in the control. The critical nickel levels for most plants in the aboveground part are 3,0 mg/kg and in our research, the nickel concentration in needles and shoots over the growing season did not exceed that level. Despite higher nickel levels in needles and shoots (relative to controls), there was no significant reduction in the needle and shoot growth during the first year of development under polluting conditions.","PeriodicalId":12343,"journal":{"name":"Forestry Bulletin","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87847181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pine cultures growth and formation during reclamation of sewage sludge","authors":"M. Ermakova","doi":"10.18698/2542-1468-2022-6-33-40","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18698/2542-1468-2022-6-33-40","url":null,"abstract":"The results of studying the parameters of 12-year-old Scotch pine cultures, created by planting along the furrows on sewage sludge and on felling-slash areas, are considered. The cultures were established on plots in the pine forest type with a dark coniferous mossy-bilberry layer. It has been established that the survival rate of plants on drag dumps turned out to be almost 16 % less than in felling-slash for forest plantations on sewage sludge. There were no significant differences in significant differences between pine crops on sewage sludge and felling-slash areas in terms of average diameter and height of the trunk. There were no significant differences in significant differences between pine crops on sewage sludge and felling-slash areas in terms of average diameter and height of the trunk. There were no fundamental differences in the distribution of trees by growth classes between crops on sewage sludge and on felling-slash areas. It has been established that pine trees of I and II rank growth classes on sewage sludge are significantly larger in diameter than trees on felling-slash areas. There were no significant differences in the height of the tree trunk by growth classes between the trees on the sewage sludge and the felling-slash area. The relative height of the trees on the sewage sludge was significantly lower than that of the trees on the felling-slash area. This indicates that, with a significant loss of trees, the rows of crops on the sewage sludge turned out to be of a less density, which ensured the enhanced growth of trees of all growth classes along the thickness of the trunk. The natural renewal of tree species on the sewage sludge was 1,2, and in the felling-slash 1,1 thousand trees per 1 ha. As part of the natural renewal on the sewage sludge, only coniferous species are represented, on the felling-slash area — deciduous and coniferous species. The projective cover of the living ground cover on the sewage sludge was uneven and amounted to 40…50 %, and reached 100 % in the felling-slash. The results obtained indicate the need for preliminary reclamation to improve the physical and mechanical properties of the soil.","PeriodicalId":12343,"journal":{"name":"Forestry Bulletin","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74135868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The state of greenhouse gases and their assimilation in nature. A review","authors":"A. N. Ivankin","doi":"10.18698/2542-1468-2022-6-132-140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18698/2542-1468-2022-6-132-140","url":null,"abstract":"A brief review of the state and influence of greenhouse gases, primarily carbon dioxide, on possible changes in climatic parameters is presented. It was noted that the main greenhouse gases are water pore, the amount of which in the total mass can be from 36 to 72 %, as well as carbon dioxide (9...26 %), methane (4...9 %) and ozone (3...7 %). The main sources of formation of the concentration of carbon dioxide, which attracts the attention of researchers, as a result of anthropogenic impact as a result of industrial development, as well as significant natural factors, such as the consequences of volcanic activity, are described. Concentration changes in the content of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere in the historical period are discussed. A certain contribution of individual economies to the total volume of greenhouse gas emissions on the planet is shown and it is noted that in annual terms the amount of carbon dioxide formed as a result of human activity can reach 35–40 billion tons of CO2. It is noted that in recent years the concentration of CO2 has consistently exceeded 400 ppm and this level is, apparently, the highest in the history of observations. The most significant sources of greenhouse gases are described — industry, transport and volcanoes. An assessment was made of the contribution of volcanic activity to the increase in the amount of CO2 in the atmosphere, which can be at the level of 60...250 million tons of CO2 per year, and according to some estimates, reach 0,5 billion tons of CO2. The potential influence of the most significant factors of absorption of excess CO2 — the world’s oceans and forests on the possibility of removing greenhouse gases from the atmosphere is shown. An assessment is given of the assumption that the world ocean absorbs up to 2,6 billion tons of CO2 per year. It is believed that its absorption capacity is much higher. Consideration of the protective role of forests and vegetation cover in carbon dioxide sequestration shows that, under certain conditions, existing forest areas are likely to be able to absorb at least most of the anthropogenic emissions. The assessment made of the contribution of individual countries to the necessary negative carbon balance shows the groundlessness of claims against the Russian Federation on this issue. A certain forecast of the prospects for climate change is presented in relation to geographical and economic factors.","PeriodicalId":12343,"journal":{"name":"Forestry Bulletin","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81589701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Landscape architecture of manor complexes in Central Chernozem region","authors":"V. Kruglyak","doi":"10.18698/2542-1468-2022-6-114-131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18698/2542-1468-2022-6-114-131","url":null,"abstract":"Manor complexes in the Belgorod, Voronezh, Kursk, Lipetsk and Tambov regions of the Central Chernozem region are presented. The chronology of the visits made by Emperor Peter I to the city of Voronezh in the period from 1696 to 1722 is outlined. Manor complexes of the Voronezh region are characterized by the date of their occurrence. The data on the historical cities of the Voronezh region with the date of their foundation are given. The reigning periods of some Voronezh governors, governors-general, governors, vice-governors, provincial commissars, provincial comrades are analyzed. The structure of the soil cover in the park territory of the sanatorium named after A.D. Tsyurupa, Liskinsky district, Voronezh region is outlined. 10 color characteristics of flowers are recommended for estate complexes of the Central Chernozem region. The balance of the territory of the museum-estate «Ivanovka» by S.V. Rachmaninov, Uvarovsky district, Tambov region is identified. The balance of the territory of the Federal State Unitary Enterprise — the dendrological park «LOSS» in the Stanovlyansky district of the Lipetsk region has been established.","PeriodicalId":12343,"journal":{"name":"Forestry Bulletin","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91130678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modern foundations for green areas formation in Ekaterinburg","authors":"L. Bannikova, A. Khrichenkov, A. Burtsev, I.A. Tiganova, A. Tretyakova, N. Grudanov, V. D. Vladykina","doi":"10.18698/2542-1468-2022-6-106-113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18698/2542-1468-2022-6-106-113","url":null,"abstract":"We present the concept of «Standard for the comprehensive improvement of embankments, parks, squares, boulevards in Ekaterinburg». It provides for the introduction of an ecological approach in the development of projects for the reconstruction of existing and future green spaces in Ekaterinburg. We have identified 11 landscape-ecological clusters on the territory of Ekaterinburg. The structural elements of clusters are described — the core, the stabilization zone and the central highly urbanized zone. The core of the cluster is formed by natural ecosystems, which are considered as models for the creation of urban green spaces. Information about the method for calculating the size of the stabilization zone is given. It is proposed to create a special functional zone of natural diversity in parks, squares, boulevards and embankments located within its boundaries. We noted the need to design ecological corridors between scattered green spaces of the city. In our opinion, the presented concept reflects the importance of biological diversity in the urban environment, is aimed at its conservation and restoration, and also contributes to the formation of an identical image of the urban environment of Ekaterinburg.","PeriodicalId":12343,"journal":{"name":"Forestry Bulletin","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83246427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Specifics of peat fires spreading and extinguishing in winter","authors":"I.M. Secerin, G. A. Godovalov, A. Eritsov, S. Zalesov","doi":"10.18698/2542-1468-2022-5-64-70","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18698/2542-1468-2022-5-64-70","url":null,"abstract":"The article touches upon the analysis the number of peat fires in the Sverdlovsk region for the period from 2016 to 2021. It was found that the number of such fires in 2021 was 11,3 times higher than their average annual number over the past 5 years. It is noted that reason for the sharp increase in peat fires in 2021 is the accumulation of moisture deficiency in the soil and a decrease in the level of ground water. Steady ground fires led to the formation of many local peat fires in the autumn period, which continued to spread even after the snowfalls. In December 2021 28 active peat fires were recorded on the territory of the Sverdlovsk region. All peat fires can be conditionally divided into 2 types. The first type of peat fires is formed for lack of forest stand on the slope of the main drainage channel or on elevated relief elements. Smouldering in the hearth of this type spreads slowly forming cavities up to 2…9 m. The second type of the hearths is formed in the area of the peat deposit with the available forest stand. At the same time the smouldering foci expand under the roots of tree. The snow covering is not the reason for smouldering cessation. But rather maintains it by preserving the temperature to dry the adjacent layers of the peat. Peat fires should be extinguished by uprooting trees and mixing smouldering peat with snow and cold soil, followed by compaction to reduce temperature. Experimental extinguishing of peat fires in march 2022 showed that when using a bulldozer, it is possible to extinguish 0,5 of active foci in one shift.","PeriodicalId":12343,"journal":{"name":"Forestry Bulletin","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75037181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}